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1. PROGRAM USING VARIABLES, CONSTANTS, I/O STATEMENTS

IN PYTHON

AIM:

The aim of the program is to calculate the area of a circle using a constant value for pi
and user input for the radius.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Initialize a constant variable PI with the value 3.14159.

Step 2: Prompt the user to enter the radius of the circle.

Step 3: Read the input value and store it in a variable radius.

Step 4: Calculate the area of the circle using the formula area = PI * radius * radius.

Step 5: Display the calculated area of the circle.

CODING:

PI = 3.14159

radius = float(input("Enter the radius of the circle:

")) area = PI * radius * radius

print("The area of the circle is:", area)

OUTPUT:

Enter the radius of the circle: 5

The area of the circle is: 78.53975

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2. PROGRAM USING OPERATORS IN PYTHON

AIM:

The aim of the program is to perform basic arithmetic operations using operators in
Python.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Prompt the user to enter two numbers.

Step 2: Read the input values and store them in variables num1 and num2.

Step 3:Perform the following operations:

Addition: result = num1 + num2

Subtraction: result = num1 - num2

Multiplication: result = num1 * num2

Division: result = num1 / num2

Modulo: result = num1 % num2

Exponentiation: result = num1 ** num2

Step 4: Display the results of each operation.

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CODING:

num1 = float(input("Enter the first number: "))

num2 = float(input("Enter the second number: "))

result = num1 + num2

print("Addition:", result)

result = num1 - num2

print("Subtraction:", result)

result = num1 * num2

print("Multiplication:",

result) result = num1 / num2

print("Division:", result)

result = num1 % num2

print("Modulo:", result)

result = num1 ** num2

print("Exponentiation:", result)
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OUTPUT:

Enter the first number: 10

Enter the second number: 3

Addition: 13.0

Subtraction: 7.0

Multiplication: 30.0

Division: 3.3333333333333335

Modulo: 1.0

Exponentiation: 1000.0
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3. PROGRAM USING CONDITIONAL STATEMENTS.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to determine whether a given number is positive, negative, or
zero using conditional statements in Python.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Prompt the user to enter a number.

Step 2: Read the input value and store it in a variable num.

Step 3: Use conditional statements to check the value of

num: Step 4: If num is greater than 0, display "Positive

number".

Step 5: If num is less than 0, display "Negative number".

Step 6: If num is equal to 0, display "Zero".

Step 7: End the program.

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CODING:

num = float(input("Enter a number: "))

if num > 0:

print("Positive number")

elif num < 0:

print("Negative number")

else:

print("Zero")

OUTPUT:

Enter a number: 5

Positive number

Enter a number: -2

Negative number

Enter a number: 0

Zero
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4. PROGRAM USING LOOPS.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to display the numbers from 1 to 10 using a loop in Python.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Initialize a variable num with the value 1.

Step 2: Use a loop to iterate from num to 10 (inclusive).

Step 3: Print the value of num.

Step 4: Increment num by 1.

Step 5: End the loop.

CODING:

num = 1

while num <=

10: print(num)

num += 1
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OUTPUT:

10
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5. PROGRAM USING JUMP STATEMENTS.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to demonstrate the use of jumping statements (break and
continue) in Python.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Use a loop to iterate through the numbers from 1 to 10 (inclusive).

Step 2: Inside the loop, check if the current number is divisible by 3.

Step 3: If the number is divisible by 3, use the continue statement to skip the remaining code in
the loop and move to the next iteration.

Step 4: If the number is not divisible by 3, print the number.

Step 5: Check if the current number is equal to 7.

Step 6: If the number is equal to 7, use the break statement to exit the loop.

Step 7: End the loop.

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CODING:

for num in range(1, 11):

if num % 3 == 0:

continue

print(num)

if num ==

7:

break

OUTPUT:

6
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6. PROGRAM USING FUNCTIONS.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to create a function that adds two numbers in Python.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Define a function named add_numbers that takes two parameters num1 and num2.

Step 2: Inside the add_numbers function, add num1 and num2 and store the result in a variable

sum.

Step 3: Return the value of sum.

Step 4: Prompt the user to enter two numbers.

Step 5: Read the input values and store them in variables n1 and n2.

Step 6: Call the add_numbers function, passing n1 and n2 as arguments, and store the result in a

variable result.

Step 7:Display the sum of the two numbers.

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CODING:

def add_numbers(num1, num2):

sum = num1 + num2

return sum

n1 = float(input("Enter the first number: "))

n2 = float(input("Enter the second number:

")) result = add_numbers(n1, n2)

print("Sum:", result)

OUTPUT:

Enter the first number: 5

Enter the second number: 3

Sum: 8.0
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7. PROGRAM USING RECURSION.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to create a function that calculates the factorial of a given
number in Python.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Define a function named factorial that takes a single parameter num.

Step 2: Inside the factorial function, initialize a variable result with the value 1.

Step 3: Use a for loop to iterate from 1 to num (inclusive).

Step 4: Multiply result by the current value of the loop variable.

Step 5: Return the value of result.

Step 6: Prompt the user to enter a number.

Step 7: Read the input value and store it in a variable n.

Step 8: Call the factorial function, passing n as an argument, and store the result in a variable

fact.

Step 9: Display the calculated factorial value.

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CODING:

def factorial(num):

result = 1

for i in range(1,

num+1): result *= i

return result

n = int(input("Enter a number: "))

fact = factorial(n)

print("Factorial of", n, "is", fact)

OUTPUT:

Enter a number: 5

Factorial of 5 is

120
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8. PROGRAM USING ARRAYS.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to demonstrate the use of arrays in Python by storing and
manipulating a list of numbers.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Create an array/list to store numbers.

Step 2: Prompt the user to enter the size of the array.

Step 3: Read the input value and store it in a variable size.

Step 4: Use a loop to iterate size number of times.

Step 5: Inside the loop, prompt the user to enter a number and append it to the array.

Step 6: Calculate the sum and average of the numbers in the array.

Step 7: Initialize variables sum and average with the value 0.

Step 8: Use a loop to iterate through each element of the array.

Step 9: Add each element to the sum variable.

Step 10: Divide the sum by the size to calculate the average.

Step 11: Display the array, sum, and average of the numbers.

CODING:

size = int(input("Enter the size of the array:

")) numbers = []
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for i in range(size):

num = float(input("Enter a number: "))

numbers.append(num)

sum = 0

for num in numbers:

sum += num

average = sum / size

print("Array:", numbers)

print("Sum:", sum)

print("Average:", average)

OUTPUT:

Enter the size of the array:

4 Enter a number: 5

Enter a number: 2

Enter a number: 8

Enter a number: 3

Array: [5.0, 2.0, 8.0, 3.0]

Sum: 18.0

Average: 4.5
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9. PROGRAM USING STRINGS.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to demonstrate various operations and manipulations on strings in
Python.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Prompt the user to enter a sentence.

Step 2: Read the input value and store it in a variable sentence.

Step 3: Calculate the length of the sentence using the len() function and store it in a variable

length.

Step 4: Split the sentence into words using the split() method and store the resulting list of words

in a variable words.

Step 5: Count the number of words in the sentence by calculating the length of the words list.

Step 6: Replace a specific word in the sentence with a new word.

Step 7: Prompt the user to enter the word to be replaced and the new word.

Step 8: Use the replace() method to replace the word in the sentence and store the modified

sentence in a variable modified_sentence.

Step 9: Display the length of the sentence, the number of words, and the modified sentence.
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CODING:

sentence = input("Enter a sentence: ")

length = len(sentence)

words = sentence.split()

word_count = len(words)

word_to_replace = input("Enter the word to replace:

") new_word = input("Enter the new word: ")

modified_sentence = sentence.replace(word_to_replace, new_word)

print("Length of the sentence:", length)

print("Number of words:", word_count)

print("Modified sentence:",

modified_sentence)

OUTPUT:

Enter a sentence: Hello, how are you?

Enter the word to replace: how

Enter the new word: is

Length of the sentence: 19

Number of words: 4

Modified sentence: Hello, is are you?

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10. PROGRAM USING MODULES.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to demonstrate the usage of modules in Python by importing
and utilizing functions from a separate module.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Import the required module that contains the desired functions.

Step 2: Prompt the user to enter two numbers.

Step 3: Read the input values and store them in variables num1 and num2.

Step 4: Call the imported function(s) from the module to perform desired operations on the input
numbers.

Step 5: Display the output/result of the function(s).

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CODING:

import math

num1 = float(input("Enter the first number: "))

num2 = float(input("Enter the second number: "))

sqrt = math.sqrt(num1)

power = math.pow(num1, num2)

print("Square root of", num1, "is", sqrt)

print(num1, "raised to the power of", num2, "is", power)

OUTPUT:

Enter the first number: 9

Enter the second number: 2

Square root of 9.0 is 3.0

9.0 raised to the power of 2.0 is 81.0

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11. ROGRAM USING LISTS.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to demonstrate the usage of lists in Python by performing
various operations on a list of numbers.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Create an empty list to store numbers.

Step 2: Prompt the user to enter the size of the list.

Step 3: Read the input value and store it in a variable size.

Step 4: Use a loop to iterate size number of times.

Step 5: Inside the loop, prompt the user to enter a number and append it to the list.

Step 6: Calculate the sum and average of the numbers in the list.

Step 7: Initialize variables sum and average with the value 0.

Step 8: Use a loop to iterate through each element of the list.

Step 9: Add each element to the sum variable.

Step 10: Divide the sum by the size to calculate the average.

Step 11: Find the maximum and minimum values in the list using the max() and min() functions.

Step 12: Display the list, sum, average, maximum, and minimum values.
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CODING:

size = int(input("Enter the size of the list:

")) numbers = []

for i in range(size):

num = float(input("Enter a number: "))

numbers.append(num)

sum = sum(numbers)

average = sum / size

maximum = max(numbers)

minimum = min(numbers)

print("List:", numbers)

print("Sum:", sum)

print("Average:", average)

print("Maximum:", maximum)

print("Minimum:", minimum)
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OUTPUT:

Enter the size of the list: 5

Enter a number: 7

Enter a number: 4

Enter a number: 9

Enter a number: 2

Enter a number: 5

List: [7.0, 4.0, 9.0, 2.0, 5.0]

Sum: 27.0

Average: 5.4

Maximum: 9.0

Minimum: 2.0
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12. PROGRAM USING TUPLES.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to demonstrate the usage of tuples in Python by performing
operations and accessing elements of a tuple.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Create a tuple to store a collection of elements.

Step 2: Prompt the user to enter values for the tuple.

Step 3: Read the input values and store them in

variables. Step 4: Perform operations on the tuple:

Step 5: Calculate the length of the tuple using the len() function.

Step 6: Access individual elements of the tuple using indexing.

Step 7: Slice the tuple to extract a subset of elements.

Step 8: Concatenate two tuples using the + operator.

Step 9: Display the length of the tuple, individual elements, sliced elements, and the

concatenated tuple.
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CODING:

value1 = input("Enter the first value: ")

value2 = input("Enter the second value: ")

value3 = input("Enter the third value: ")

my_tuple = (value1, value2, value3)

length = len(my_tuple)

element1 = my_tuple[0]

sliced_tuple = my_tuple[1:3]

concatenated_tuple = my_tuple + ('extra',)

print("Length of the tuple:", length)

print("First element:", element1)

print("Sliced tuple:", sliced_tuple)

print("Concatenated tuple:", concatenated_tuple)

OUTPUT:

Enter the first value: Apple

Enter the second value: Banana

Enter the third value: Orange

Length of the tuple: 3

First element: Apple

Sliced tuple: ('Banana', 'Orange')

Concatenated tuple: ('Apple', 'Banana', 'Orange', 'extra')

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13. PROGRAM USING DICTIONARIES.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to demonstrate a simple usage of dictionaries in Python by storing
and accessing information about a person.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Create an empty dictionary to store information.

Step 2: Prompt the user to enter the name, age, and city of a person.

Step 3: Read the input values and store them in variables.

Step 4: Add the information to the dictionary using appropriate keys.

Step 5: Access the information from the dictionary using the keys.

Step 6: Display the stored information.

CODING:

person = {}

person['name'] = input("Enter the name: ")

person['age'] = input("Enter the age: ")

person['city'] = input("Enter the city: ")

print("Name:", person['name'])

print("Age:", person['age'])

print("City:", person['city'])
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OUTPUT:

Enter the name: John

Enter the age: 25

Enter the city:

London Name: John

Age: 25

City: London
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14. PROGRAM FOR FILE HANDLING.

AIM:

The aim of the program is to demonstrate file handling in Python by reading and writing
data to a file.

ALGORITHM:

Step 1: Prompt the user to enter a file name.

Step 2: Open the file in write mode and create a file object.

Step 3: Prompt the user to enter data to be written to the

file. Step 4: Write the data to the file using the file object.

Step 5: Close the file.

Step 6: Open the file in read mode and create a new file object.

Step 7: Read the contents of the file using the file object.

Step 8: Display the contents of the file.

Step 9: Close the file.

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CODING:

filename = input("Enter the file name: ")

file = open(filename, 'w')

data = input("Enter data to be written to the file:

") file.write(data)

file.close()

file = open(filename, 'r')

contents = file.read()

file.close()

print("Contents of the

file:") print(contents)

OUTPUT:

Enter the file name: my_file.txt

Enter data to be written to the file: Hello, this is a file handling program.

Contents of the file:

Hello, this is a file handling program.