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Mawia 2015 Presentation On Mizoram Bamboo

The document provides an ecological analysis of bamboo flowering in Mizoram, highlighting that the region contains 50% of India's bamboo resources with 25 species present. It discusses the synchronization of bamboo flowering with rodent population outbreaks, emphasizing the impact of bamboo seed production on rodent proliferation and the need for sustainable management practices. Additionally, it outlines threats to bamboo forests and suggests key efforts needed for conservation and sustainable utilization of bamboo resources.

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0% found this document useful (0 votes)
12 views20 pages

Mawia 2015 Presentation On Mizoram Bamboo

The document provides an ecological analysis of bamboo flowering in Mizoram, highlighting that the region contains 50% of India's bamboo resources with 25 species present. It discusses the synchronization of bamboo flowering with rodent population outbreaks, emphasizing the impact of bamboo seed production on rodent proliferation and the need for sustainable management practices. Additionally, it outlines threats to bamboo forests and suggests key efforts needed for conservation and sustainable utilization of bamboo resources.

Uploaded by

shayan1989
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Bamboo flowering in Mizoram:

An ecological Analysis and


management of resources

F. Lalnunmawia
Dept. of Botany, Mizoram University
Aizawl - 796004, India
Bamboo Resources of the North
East India

About 50 percent of India’s bamboo resources are in the


North Eastern India.
There are 63 species of 20 genera in the region.
This is 50 percent of India’s bamboo species and 87
percent genera.
Bamboo Resource of Mizoram

Total Area of Mizoram : 21,087 Sq. Km


Total area of bamboo forest 7091.66 Sq.Km
(33.63% of total
geographical area)
(Source: Mizoram Remote Sensing Application
Centre, Aizawl.)

Number of bamboo species found: 25 species


Melocanna baccifera : about 80 %
Other bamboos : about 20 %
Bamboo flowering in Mizoram

Bamboo in flower Name of bamboo Years


flowering
B. tulda; D. longispathus Thingtam 1880-1884

Melocanna baccifera Mautam 1910-1912

B. tulda; D. longispathus Thingtam 1928-1929

Melocanna baccifera Mautam 1958-1959

B. tulda; D. longispathus Thingtam 1976-1977

Melocanna baccifera Mautam 2007-2010


Bamboo flowering and rodents’
population outbreak

The rodents’ population study was carried out in


paddy fields for 3 years(2006 -2008)
10 cages and 20 local traps provided to one family
5 families in each village
3 villages in each district
A total of 9 villages and 45 families in 3 districts
Random sampling adopted
% species-wise abundance
R
at
tu
B N s

Rattus rattus (Black rat)


0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90

er iviv rat
ul e tu
m nt s
Le ys er
m sp
100 90.04

op ac p
ol ke
da
m M zie
is us i
B ed s
an w pp
di a
co T rds
ta up ae
D be ai a
re n
m g h gli
om a s
C ys len
C an r sis
hi n uf
ro om i g
po y en
do s is
R m b a

Different spp of rodents)


at is di u
tu g
Rode nt s pe cie s

s l ir s
no oi
R rv de s
R att eg
hi us ic
zo u
m ex s
i s ula
pr n
ui s
no
Species –wise abundance of rodents

su
s
2.54 1.92 1.59 0.72 0.57 0.43 0.19 0.31 0.13 0.09 0.04 0.04

Tupaia glis
Population increase of rodents in paddy fields during 2006-
08

1400

1200
No.of rodents captured

1000

800 2006
2007
600 2008
400

200

0
Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Months
Pictorial representation to show the
potential increase of black rats during
bamboo flowering

312
62 (32 weeks) 1662
2
12 (19 weeks) 3rd pulse 45 weeks
6 weeks 2nd Pulse 4th Pulse
Black
Rats

Harvest time of maize, paddy and other crops


synchronizes with the so estimated 3rd and the 4th
pulse of rats
Synchronization of bamboo flowering with rodent
outbreak

October / November -- Flowering of bamboo starts


January / February – Seeds production starts
Till June - Seeds remain available for rats
July on wards - Seeds are geminated and becomes inedible

2000 Attack
1800
maize
1600 Attacks Population
1400 Early
1200
decreases
maturing in exhaust
1000
rice
800
Rats start of food
600
400
multiplying
200
0
Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sept Oct Nov Dec
Why do rodents increase ?

Abundance of food Natural irruptions triggered by


rainfall and rain induced food
availability
Increased fertility
Rats lose
of female
desire to eat pups

Higher survival of the litters

Leads to massive production of


individual in successive generation in short time
Bamboo seed production and
regeneration
 Different management practices -
Harvesting intensity, age of the culms,
cleaning, fire etc
 A study was conducted on the influence of
excessive disturbance and fire on the
culms density, size and seed size and
production rate.
Table showing different growth parameters of bamboo (Melocanna
baccifera) under different conditions
Parameters Undisturbed Disturbed Burned
(Biotic pressure) (bamboo area)
Culm Density 140.33 82.67 119.67
(No. of culms per (±20.03) (±23.16) (±19.86)
25m2)
Diameter of culm (mm) 27.4 23.6 26.3
(±0.39) (±0.71) (±0.51)
No. of seeds produced 12.89 8.72 16.33
in one culm (±2.77) (±1.23) (±6.22)
No. of seeds produced 1771.39 709.84 2698.48
per quadrat (25m2) (±299.95) (±171.96) (±311.31)
Avg. weight of fruits 118.98 90.48 72.35
(gm) (±6.96) (±7.80) (±2.78)

# Figures in the parenthesis are Standard Deviations.


Bamboo seed production in different sites
3000

No. of seeds per quadrat


2500

2000

1500

1000

500

0
Disturbed Undisturbed Burned
The regenerating bamboo seedlings require
protection from fire and overgrazing.
Bamboo based agroforestry
Bamboo-based agroforestry could be a viable system to
rehabilitate degraded lands, and to decrease pressure
over the natural bamboo forests
Bamboo can be used to repair soil damaged by
overgrazing, shifting cultivation, erosions etc.
Bamboo resource availability in Mizoram

Bamboos are seldom harvested from the steep slopes or


inaccessible areas in the forest.

It has been estimated that only about 20-30 percent of


bamboo area is accessible and as a result the resources of the
steep slopes and inaccessible areas remain untapped.

Labourers are always tempted to harvest bamboos from the


easily accessible areas, usually from the banks of perennial
streams (chara).

Therefore, bamboos are over exploited in these accessible


areas. Overexploitation causes a gradual degeneration in
health and sizes of the bamboos.
Threats to natural bamboo forests in
Mizoram

 Shifting cultivation, agricultural extension,


expansion of manmade forests.
 Biotic factors such as fire and grazing.
 The unscientific harvest and management of
bamboo.
 Lack of efforts to take up compensatory planting
of bamboo.
Key Efforts Needed

 Strong capacity development initiative


- Skills, Entrepreneurial Ability, Market Orientation

 Federated approach to production and marketing


 Overall involvement of artisans in sector from casual/marginal
to continuing basis
 Induction of appropriate technology value addition of bamboo
 Induction of Livelihood Finance agency for credit
 Build strength in domestic market before considering exports
 Subsidy on transport through policy support
“Bamboo is a Green Gold”

THANK YOU

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