Unit – 3

1.Define Normal distribution.

2.Derive probability function of a Normal distribution?
3.Derive mean of a Normal distribution?
4.Derive variance of a Normal distribution?
5.Derive median of a Normal distribution?
6.Derive mode of a Normal distribution?
7.Define exponential distribution?
8.Define gamma distribution?
9. Average number of accidents on any day on national highway is 1.6. Determine the
probability that the number of accidents are 1) At least one 2) at most one
10. Define Normal Distribution
11. If X is a normal variate with mean 30 and SD 5. Find the probabilities that 1) 26

Long answer Questions:

1.Find the ratio of Mean Deviation, Standard deviation, Standard deviation and quartile
deviation.
2.Define Normal distribution and Derive mean, median and mode of normal distribution and
also conclude the result.
3.Derive Moment Generating function of N.D & by using moment generating function, show
that all odd order moments are zero.
4.In a sample of 1000 cases, the mean of a certain test is 14 & standard deviation is 2 5
Assuming the distribution to be normal. Find (i) How many students score between 12 & 15.
(ii) How many score above 18? (iii) How many score below 18?
5.The marks obtained by 500 students are normally distributed with mean 65% & standard
deviation 8%. Determine how many get more than 80%.
6.If X is normally distributed with mean 2 and variance 0 then find
7.In a normal distribution, 7% of items are under 35 and 89% are under 63. Determine the
mean and variance of the distribution.
8.Suppose 10 percent of the probability for a N.D is below 35 and 5% ABOVE 90.What are
the value of .
9.If the masses of 300 students are normally distributed with mean 68kgs and standard
deviation 3kgs how many students have masses (i)Greater than 72kgs (ii) Less than or equal
to 64kgs (iii) Between 65 and 71kgs inclusive ?

10. In a normal distribution, 31% of the items are under 45 and 8% are over 64. Find the
mean and S.D. of the distribution?
 11. In a sample of 1000 cases the mean of certain test is 14 and standard deviation is 2.5.
Assuming normal distributed

a) how many students score between 12 and 15

b) how many score above 18

c) how many score below 18

12. (a) A continuous random variable has the probability

density function

Determine (i) k (ii) mean (iii) variance

(b) In 256 sets of 12 tosses of coin, in how many cases one can expect 8 heads and 4 tails

Unit – IV:
Long answer Questions:
1. 1. Derive the normal equations for i) straight line y=a+bx ii) parabola y= a+bx+cx 2
2. By the method of least squares, find the straight line y=a+bx that best fits the following data
i)
X 0 1 2 3 4
Y 1 1.8 3.3 4.5 6.3

ii)
X 0 5 10 15 20 25
Y 12 15 17 22 24 30
iii)
X 1 2 3 4 5
Y 14 27 40 55 68

3. Fit a parabola from the following data.

(i)
 X 0 1 2 3 4 5
Y -1 0 1 8 27 64

(II)
X 1 2 3 4 5
Y 10 12 8 10 14
4. Find the curve of best fit of the type to the following data by method of least
squares

(i)
X 2 4 6 8 10
Y 4.077 11.084 30.128 81.897 222.62
(ii)
X 1 5 7 9 12
Y 10 15 12 15 21
5. Obtain a relation of the form for the following data by method of least squares
(i)
X 2 3 4 5 6
Y 8.3 15.4 33.1 65.2 127.4

(ii)
X 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7
Y 3.16 2.38 1.75 1.34 1.00 0.74
1. Find a curve to the data

X 3 4 5 6 7
Y 6 9 10 11 12

Unit – v: Short Answer Questions

1. Define population, sample and sampling with examples?

2. Explain types of sampling?
3. If ‘N’ refers population and ‘n’ refers sample size then mention
i) The number of samples with replacement. ii) The number of samples without replacement.
4. Define large sample and small sample.
5. Define Parameters and Statistic.
6. Define sample mean , sample variation, Sample Standard deviation.
7. Explain sampling distribution and sampling distribution of statistic.
 8. Write the central limit theorem.
9. Define Standard error and probable error of sample mean.
10. Define statistical hypothesis.
11. Define hypothesis testing, null hypothesis and alternate hypothesis.
12. Explain briefly type I error and type II error .
13. Explain i) critical region ii)left tailed test iii)Right tailed test iv) Two tailed est.
14. What is meant by degree of freedom?
15. Define the statistics of ‘t’ ,‘F’ and distributions and their major applications.
16. For an F- distribution find with and ?

17. Average number of accidents on any day on national highway is 1.6. Determine the
probability that the number of accidents are 1) At least one 2) at most one

18. Define Normal Distribution

19. If X is a normal variate with mean 30 and SD 5. Find the probabilities that 1) 26

20. Write T-test for single mean

21. Define Type – I and Type – II error

22. Write about F- Test

23. Define One – Tailed and Two – Tailed test.

Long Answer Questions:

1.(i)A random sample of 100 teachers in a large metropolitan area revealed a mean weekly salary
of Rs.487 with a standard deviation Rs.48. with what degree of confidence can we assert that the
average weekly salary of all teachers in the metropolitan area is between 478.6 to 495.4.
(ii) Among 900 people is a state 90 are found to be chapatti eaters. Construct 99%
confidence interval for the true proportion
2.Sample of size 2 are taken from the population 4,8,12,16,20,24 without replacement. Find (a)
Mean of the population (b) Standard deviation of the population(c) The mean of the sampling
distribution of the means (d) the standard deviation of the sampling distributions of means.
3.A sample of 900 members is found to have a mean of 3.4 cm. Can it be reasonably regarded as
a truly random sample from a large population with mean 3.25 cm and S.D. 1.61cm?
4.The means of simple samples of sizes 1000 and 2000 are 67.5 and 68.0 cm respectively. Can
the samples be regarded as drawn from the same population of S.D. 2.5cm?
5.An unbiased coin is thrown n times. It is desired that the relative frequency of the appearance
of heads should lie between 0.49 and 0.51. Find the smallest value of n that will ensure this result
with 90% confidence?
6.A certain stimulus administered to each of 12 patients resulted in the following increases of
blood pressure.5,2,8,-1,3,0,-2,1,5,0,4,6. Can it be concluded that the stimulus will in general be
accompanied by an increase in blood pressure?
7. A 11 students were given a test in statistics they were given a month’s further tuition and a
second test of equal difficulty was held at the end of it. Do the marks give evidence that the
students have benefited by extra coaching?

Boys 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11
Marks I test 23 20 19 21 18 20 18 17 23 16 19
Marks II test 24 19 22 18 20 22 20 20 23 20 17
8.Two horses A and B were tested according to the time in seconds to run a particular race with
the following results. Test whether you can discriminate between two horses

Horse A 28 30 32 33 33 29 34
Horse B 29 30 30 24 27 29 --
9.The results of polls conducted 2 weeks and 4 weeks before a election are shown in the
following table:

Two weeks before election 4 weeks before election

For Democratic candidate 84 66
Undecided 37 43
For Republican candidate 79 91
Use the 0.05 level of significance to test whether there has been a change in opinion
during the 2 weeks between the rolls.
10.The measurements of the output of two units have given the following results. Assuming that
both samples have been level whether the two populations have the same variance.

Unit-A 14.1 10.1 14.7 13.7

Unit-B 14.0 14.5 13.7 12.7 14.0
14.1
11. The means of simple samples of sizes 1000 and 2000 are 67.5 and 68.0 cm respectively.
Can the samples be regarded as drawn from the same population of S.D. 2.5cm?

12. Two horses A and B are tested according to the time to run particular track with the following
results

Horse
28 30 32 33 33 29 34
A

Horse
29 30 30 24 27 29
B

Test whether the two horses have same running capacity.

Unit – V

1. Write the definition markov chain

2. Define TPM

3. Is the matrix stochastic.

Long Question
1. A gang of thieves decides to commit a robbery every week. The gang only robs one of three
possible targets: Art museums, Banks, or Casinos, which they conveniently denote by {A, B, C}.
The places they rob follows a Markov chain with the following transition probability matrix: P =
  1/2 1/4 1/4 3/4 0 1/4 3/8 1/8 1/2   . (a) Find the stationary distribution of this Markov chain.
(b) Is the Markov chain reversible? (c) Since this spate of robberies had been going on for a long
time (i.e., the Markov chain is in stationarity), the police approach Detective Holmes for
assistance. Detective Holmes arrives at the crime scene, which happens to be a bank. Detective
Holmes asks the police, “What is the probability that these thieves robbed a bank two weeks ago,
as well?” The police, not having taken Part IB Markov Chains, are stumped. Please help the
police by finding this probability

∈ S, let Ti = min{n > 1 : Xn = i} and Vi = P∞ n=0 1(Xn = i). (a) Suppose X0 = i. Show that Vi
2. Let X be an irreducible Markov chain with transition matrix P and values in the set S. For i

has a geometric distribution. (b) Suppose X is transient. Prove that for all i, j ∈ S, we have P n (i,
j) → 0 as n → ∞.

3. Which of the following matrices are regular

a) b)
4. Three boys A, B, C are throwing a ball to each other. A always throws the ball to B and B
always throws the ball to C; but C is just as likely to throw the ball to B as to A. Show that the
process is Markovain. Find the transistion matrix and classify the states.