SBS5322 Introduction to BIM Technology

Introduction
Module Lecturer: Justin CHIU
AY2019-2020

Faculty of Science and Technology

Ir. Dr. Sam C. M. Hui Jan 2018

Contents

• Background
• Drawing skills and BIM
• Basic concepts of BIM
• Why BIM?
• Exercise
• Drawing your doodles
Background

• Module Aim(s):
• This module introduces the basic concepts and essential
background of building information modelling (BIM) to
students of building services engineering and other related
professional disciplines. It extends the knowledge in
engineering drawing and computer-aided design (CAD) in
construction projects, and develop skills necessary for
understanding virtual design and construction (VDC).
Students will learn the conceptual background of BIM and
apply the principles for the various aspects of BIM.
• Related module:
• SBS5411 Building Information Modelling for BSE
Background

• Learning Outcomes:
• 1. explain the basic concepts of BIM for
construction and building projects;
• 2. identify the various aspects of BIM and evaluate
their potential benefits for different building
professionals and stakeholders; and
• 3. apply the fundamental techniques of BIM to
CAD applications and automated construction
solutions.
Background

• Lecturers:
• Mr. Justin Chiu ([email protected])

• Course Website: (with links and resources)

• http://ibse.hk/SBS5322/
• Moodle system
• http://moodle.vtc.edu.hk/

• Your previous learning forms a basis:

• Engineering Drawing and Construction CAD
Background

• Assessment Components:
• Assignments (50%)
• Assignment by Dr. Hui (25%)
• Assignment by Dr. Pan (25%)
• Examination (50%) (3 hours)
• Section A by Dr. Hui (5 out of 6 questions @ 10 marks)
• Section B by Dr. Pan (5 out of 6 questions @ 10 marks)
Background

• Study topics:
• 1. Introduction
• 2. What is BIM?
• 3. Computer modelling and BIM software
• 4. Computer visualization
Dr. Hui
• 5. BIM collaborations
• 6. Teamwork solutions
• 7. Construction coordination
• 8. BIM 5D model
• 9. BIM and sustainable design
Dr. Pan
• 10. Building energy analysis
• 11. BIM documentation
• 12. Latest BIM trends
Background

• Learning Methods:
• Lectures + Further Reading
• Individual Assignments
• Discussions
• During lectures/tutorials
• Guest lectures
• Resources:
• Video presentations
• Web links + References
Background

• Useful referencs:
• Denis, F., 2015. Building Information Modelling – Belgian
Guide for the Construction Industry, ADEB-VBA, Brussel.
(http://adeb-vba.be/the-guide-to-bim.pdf)
• Garber, R., 2014. BIM Design: Realising the Creative Potential
of Building Information Modelling, Wiley, Chichester, England.
(ebook: http://webpac.vtc.edu.hk/record=b11337834)
• Holzer, D., 2016. The BIM Manager's Handbook: Guidance for
Professionals in Architecture, Engineering, and Construction,
John Wiley & Sons, Ltd., Chichester, West Sussex, UK. (ebook:
http://webpac.vtc.edu.hk/record=b11468140)
• Lévy, F., 2012. BIM in Small-scale Sustainable Design, Wiley,
Hoboken, NJ. (ebook:
http://webpac.vtc.edu.hk/record=b11305579)
Background

• Useful Websites:
• Autodesk Design Academy
• http://academy.autodesk.com
• BIM Basics [BIM+]
• http://www.bimplus.co.uk/bim-basics/
• BIM For Beginners [theb1m.com]
• http://www.theb1m.com/BIM-For-Beginners
• Graphisoft BIM Curriculum
• http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/
Drawing skills and BIM
 Hand drafting of technical and engineering drawings becomes a history

(Source: 一筆一劃勾勒工程靈魂 渠署繪圖師：圖則是將意念實踐 (HK01 News))

 Hand drafting tools and computer-aided drafting

(Source: 一筆一劃勾勒工程靈魂 渠署繪圖師：圖則是將意念實踐 (HK01 News))

Drawing skills and BIM

• How are your drawing skills?

• Hand drafting with ink pens and pencils
• Computer-aided drafting/drawing (CAD) with
software e.g. AutoCAD and Microstation
• 3D models with BIM software
• Year 1 and 2 modules:
• SBS4122 Engineering Drawing
• SBS4212 Construction CAD by AutoCAD
 Drawing skills and BIM

• Architectural documentation
• Drawings
• Floor plans, sections, elevations
• Interior elevations
• Details, 3D views
• Documents
• Descriptions, calculations
• Schedules
• Quantity Take-offs (QTOs)
• Cost Estimations
(Source: Graphifsoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)
 Graphical Projections
Ortographic Projections
Planar Views:
• Plan
• Sections
• Elevations

Axonometric Views

Perspective Projections

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Planar Views: Floor Plans

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Floor Plans
Drawing Content
• Structural
• Elements
• Mobile & Fix furniture
• Dimensions
• Annotations
• Flooring
• Area info

Types
• Architectural
• Structural
• Electrical & Plumbing
• Furnishing
• Reflected Ceiling Plan
• Etc.

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Planar Views: Sections

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Sections
Drawing Content
• Structural Elements
• Fix Furniture
• Dimensions
• Level Dimensions
• Annotations

Types
• Architectural
• Structural
• Electrical & Plumbing
• Etc.

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Planar Views: Elevations

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Elevations
Drawing Content

• Exterior Building Elements

• Dimensions
• Level Dimensions
• Annotations
• Material Information
• Colors, Shadows

Types

• Architectural
• Structural
• Interior Elevations
• Etc.

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Axonometric Views
Axonometry:
”Image of an object as viewed
from a skew direction in order to
reveal more than one side in the
same picture”

•Basic View Types

• Trimetric
• Dimetric
• Isometric

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Perspective Views
Perspective:
” approximate representation, on a flat
surface (such as paper), of an image as
it is perceived by the eye ”

•Main Concepts

• Foreshortening
• Horizon Line
• Vanishing Point

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Perspective Views
•Basic Types

Two-point Perspective

One-point Perspective Three-point Perspective

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Computer Visualization
•Photorealistic images
(rendering)

Artistic images

Interactive virtual
models

Fly through
animations

Sun studies

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 Non-graphic Documentation
•Descriptions

•Instructions

•Calculations

•Lists

•Schedules Calculations

•Quantity Take-offs

•Cost Estimations

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

 The BIM Concept

(Source: Graphisoft BIM Curriculum http://www.graphisoft.com/learning/bim-curriculum/)

Basic concepts of BIM
Basic concepts of BIM

• BIM:
• Building Information Modelling
• 建築資訊模擬 / 建築資訊模型
• Building Information Management
• Information and Model
• 1D: Data/Text information (non-graphical)
• 2D: Drawings/Diagrams (graphical)
• 3D: Modelling (geometric information, objects)
• Object based (with attributes, parametric)
 Basic concepts of BIM

• Definition of BIM (from Autodesk)

• BIM (Building Information Modeling) is an
intelligent 3D model-based process that gives
architecture, engineering, and construction (AEC)
professionals the insight and tools to more
efficiently plan, design, construct, and manage
buildings and infrastructure
• BIM is not about the B and the M it is about
the I = Information is the key
(Source: What is BIM? (Autodesk) https://www.autodesk.com/solutions/bim)
 BIM is an intelligent 3D model-based process

Videos: Examples of BIM applications in AEC and building services engineering

- What is BIM (Building Information Modeling)? (3:00) https://youtu.be/suNadRnHy-U
- Introduction: What is BIM? (2:20) https://youtu.be/rAAGRUXNeNQ
 Basic concepts of BIM

• National BIM Standard (US): Definition of BIM

• A Building Information Model (BIM) is a digital
representation of physical and functional characteristics of
a facility. As such it serves as a shared knowledge resource
for information about a facility forming a reliable basis for
decisions during its life-cycle from inception onward.
• A basic premise of BIM is collaboration by different
stakeholders at different phases of the life cycle of a
facility to insert, extract, update or modify information in
the BIM process to support and reflect the roles of that
stakeholder. The BIM is a shared digital representation
founded on open standards for interoperability.
(Source: National BIM Standard https://www.nationalbimstandard.org/)
Basic concepts of BIM

• Key concepts of BIM

• It is a database – not just 3D drawings/images
• It is all about sharing info through a model with all
disciplines (requires all parties to collaborate)
• Refers to a “model” but it is a “process” not a
product (it is a way of working)
• Working in a BIM environment (a common data
environment)
• Information model => collection of data
• Connects formerly disconnected silos of info
Basic concepts of BIM

• Key concepts of BIM (cont’d)

• Information models can be used to inform all
stages of a built asset's life cycle
• Ultimate communication tool because it’s visual
• Collaboration to the Nth degree
• Process + Tools = Power of BIM
• Enabler for lean construction – can rely on model
to help facilitate prefabrication
• Virtual Design & Construction (VDC) + Analysis
+ Facility Information = BIM
(Source: Autodesk https://www.autodesk.com/)
 BIM Process + Analysis Tools = Power of BIM

Energy, green
building and
structural
analyses

3D Unmanned Aircraft System

Scanning (UAS) / Drone
Basic concepts of BIM

• The BIM information model contains

• Graphical model: Specific 3-D geometric
information such as sizes, areas and volumes
• Non-graphical data: Cost data, material and
component quantities
• Documentation: Schedule, zoning analysis,
environmental performance, instructions for
fabrication and construction, reports, manuals
• BIM is a digital design environment
Basic concepts of BIM

• The BIM information model can enable

• Collaboration among project team members
• Efficient sketch design
• Simulation for sustainability, energy and
environmental issues, or construction purposes
• 2D drawing output and numeric export to
spreadsheets or other hardware for scheduling or
digital fabrication
• Effective building operation, maintenance &
facility management
Basic concepts of BIM

• Based on the use of the information, the BIM

information model can be broken down into:
• 1. Design intent model (by the designer for the
designer)
• 2. Build intent model (by the contractor for the
contractor)
• 3. Fabrication intent model (by the subcontractor
for the subcontractor)
• 4. Facility management model (by the owner for
the owner)
 Basic concepts of BIM

• Applications for BIM:

• Architecture
• Structures
• Building Services (or MEP )
• Construction Management, Scheduling
• Sustainability
• Utilities
• Road Construction
• Property Management
(Source: An Introduction to Building Information Modeling (BIM) https://www.thebalance.com/introduction-to-building-information-modeling-bim-845046)
Practical uses of BIM model and information
 Examples of BIM use in building, construction and infrastructure
• Existing conditions • Building system analysis • Record modeling
modeling • 3D coordination • Asset management
• Site analysis • 3D control and planning • Space management and
• Architectural • Site utilization planning tracking
programming • Product library • Disaster planning /
• Quantities Take Off • Product selection emergency preparedness
(QTO) • Perform procurement • Building (preventative)
• Cost analysis • Manufacturers maintenance
• LCC analysis information (incl. LCA) • Scheduling
• Specification production • Code compliance • Security & key
• Design authoring and checking management
briefing • Design reviews • Telephone
• Sustainability evaluation • Consistency control move/add/change
• Engineering analysis • Construction system management
• Energy analysis design • Way finding
• Structural analysis • Digital fabrication • Facility management (FM)
• Lighting analysis • Phase planning (4D documentation
• Mechanical analysis modeling) • Maintenance & repair
• Other engineering • Commissioning information
analysis

(Source: buildingSMART alliance)

Why BIM?
 Why BIM?

• Examine problems of construction projects

• Owner has “clouded” vision of final deliverable
• Inaccurate/Incomplete plans/specs
• Trades are picked by lowest price (in most cases
no “value added” assigned to competence)
• Nobody will share info because of liability
• Everyone wants to shove risk to someone else
• Because the job is awarded on low price, subs
need to make up money on change orders
(See also: What is BIM? (4:54) https://youtu.be/PLoUVZjW21g)
Why BIM?

• Biggest BIM adoption hurdles:

• Lack of BIM expertise
• Lack of industry standards
• Greatest BIM benefits:
• Improved communication
• Improved collaboration
• Higher quality project decision making
• More comprehensive planning and scheduling
Benefits of BIM
Use of BIM throughout building project development cycle
Primary and secondary BIM uses in building process
 Why BIM?

• BIM creates efficiency and business benefits

• Reduce rework
• Improve productivity
• Reduce conflicts and changes during construction
• Clash detection and avoiding rework
• Promote new BIM-related services
• Reduce errors and omissions in construction
documents

(Source: Building Information Modeling (BIM) Benefits Per Profession https://www.thebalance.com/building-information-modeling-bim-benefits-845045)

 Why BIM?

• BIM provides a single, intelligent model to

coordinate the following information:
• Construction documentation
• Visualisation (design and construction)
• Material and equipment quantities
• Cost estimates
• 4-D construction sequencing and reporting
• Scheduling
• Fabrication data and toolpaths
(Source: Garber, R., 2014. BIM Design: Realising the Creative Potential of Building Information Modelling)
 Why BIM?

• By adopting an information-modelling
platform, building designers can:
• Visualise multiple design organisations
• Simulate alternatives
• Identify clashes between building equipment
• Communicate design intent three-dimensionally
• Improve productivity
• BIM will ultimately replace the CAD tools
with an integrated, parametric database
(Source: Garber, R., 2014. BIM Design: Realising the Creative Potential of Building Information Modelling)
Why BIM?

• Digital design environment/tools

• Bring about process change & paradigm shift
• Simulate the design virtually (like a “rehearsal”)
• Attributes such as cost data and construction
sequence can be input
• BIM & virtual design and construction (VDC)
• Management of integrated multi-disciplinary
performance models of design-construction
projects
Virtual design and construction (like playing computer games)
Why BIM?

• Virtual design and construction (VDC)

• An overall framework for conceiving and
designing projects using multidisciplinary
computer-generated models that illustrate and
analyze the entire life cycle of the project,
including the design and construction processes,
schedule, logistics and cost
• Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) at Parsons
Brinckerhoff (2:21) https://youtu.be/KmRu1rRPRis
• Virtual Design and Construction (VDC) overview (2:40)
https://youtu.be/Y6qJ_KG6Jwo
 Why BIM?

• Elements of virtual design and construction (VDC)

• 1. Engineering modelling methods
• Product, organization, process
• 2. Analysis methods (model-based design)
• Including quantities, schedule, cost, 4D interactions and process
risks (i.e. BIM tools)
• 3. Visualization methods (graphics, movies, virtual reality)
• 4. Business metrics - within business analytics - and a
focus on strategic management
• 5. Economic impact analysis, i.e., models of both the cost
and value of capital investments
(Source: Virtual design and construction - Wikipedia https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_design_and_construction)
 You can use
this to check if
a project is
based on BIM.
Exercise

• Hand drawing: your doodles

• Drawing as a way of understanding
• Topic: What is BIM?

Express your
thinking about
BIM.
Further reading

• 一筆一劃勾勒工程靈魂 渠署繪圖師：圖則是將意
念實踐 (HK01 News)
• Videos:
• What is BIM: All you need to know (10:36)
https://youtu.be/B3Zwm8DNU1c
• BIM vs. VDC: Is there a difference? (2:40)
https://youtu.be/Fcf3hF7bAkI
• Virtual design and construction - Wikipedia
• https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Virtual_design_and_construction