Name: Rabia Anjum

Class: Ap Y1
Paper: Tafseer

For each one are successive [angels] before and behind him who protect him by the decree
of Allah. Indeed, Allah will not change the condition of a nation until they change what is in
themselves. And when Allah intends for a people ill, there is no repelling it. And there is not
for them besides Him any patron.

And He is the One who shows you lightning, [causing] fear and hope, and He generates the
heavy clouds.

And the thunder exalts [Allah] with praise, as do the angels in awe of Him. And He sends
thunderbolts and strikes with them whom He wills, yet they dispute about Allah; and He is
severe in assault.

those who fulfill their promise with Allah and do not break the commitment. and those who
obey the command of Allah and fear him and fear accountability.
Lessons from the Story of Sayyiduna Musa (as) and Sayyiduna Khidr (as):

The lessons are as follows:

1. Humility in Seeking Knowledge

Sayyiduna Musa (as), a prophet, humbly requests to learn from Khidr (as), acknowledging
his own limitations.

2. The Value of Knowledge Beyond the Apparent

Actions that seem wrong on the surface may have deeper wisdom behind them.

3. Patience and Trust in Learning

Musa (as) is taught to be patient and not question prematurely.

4. Importance of Asking Permission and Setting Conditions

Seeking knowledge requires respect and clear boundaries.

5. Acknowledging Limits of One’s Own Knowledge

A good student recognizes what they do not know.

6. Learning Through Experience

True knowledge involves observation and reflection.

7. Avoiding Argumentative Behavior

Students should listen and absorb before debating.

8. Understanding Divine Wisdom

Accept that Allah’s wisdom may surpass human logic.

9. Teachers Guide but Do Not Force

Teaching requires tact and gradual learning.

10. Seek Knowledge with Sincere Intent

Learning should be for beneficial purposes only

Etiquettes for Students of Knowledge:

- Ask permission before learning

- Set clear conditions and goals

- Exercise patience

- Respect and trust your teacher

- Learn from unexpected sources

- Avoid pride and arrogance

- Listen more than you speak

- Reflect on your learning

- Accept that knowledge unfolds over time

- Maintain sincerity and good intention

Question 2b

📖 Verse (Surah Al-Hajj 22:27–28):

"And proclaim to the people the Hajj [pilgrimage]; they will come to you on foot and on every
lean camel; they will come from every distant pass –
That they may witness benefits for themselves and mention the name of Allah on known
days over what He has provided for them of [sacrificial] animals. So eat of them and feed the
miserable and poor."

Context of Revelation:

- These verses were revealed when Prophet Ibrahim (‫ )عليه السالم‬completed the construction of
the Ka'bah in Makkah.

- Allah commanded him to proclaim Hajj to the people.

- Though the call was made by one man, Allah caused it to reach across time, and people
continue to answer it today.

Brief Commentary:

- "Proclaim to the people the Hajj…" — A command to invite all humanity to the sacred
pilgrimage.

- "They will come from every distant pass…" — Highlights the global and inclusive nature of
Hajj.

- "That they may witness benefits…" — Refers to both spiritual (forgiveness, reward) and
worldly (trade, unity) gains.

- "Mention the name of Allah…" — Emphasizes Dhikr (remembrance of Allah) during the
days of Hajj.

- "Eat of them and feed the poor…" — Encourages charity, care for the needy, and sharing
sacrificial meat.

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Lessons Derived:

1. Obedience to Allah’s command

 Ibrahim (as) fulfilled the command despite apparent difficulty.

2. The power of a sincere call

A pure intention brings impact beyond measure.

3. Universality of Islam

Hajj welcomes people from every background.

4. Unity of the Muslim Ummah

Pilgrimage fosters brotherhood and equality.

5. Importance of Dhikr

Remembering Allah is central to Hajj.

6. Sacrifice as gratitude

Animal sacrifice shows thankfulness for provisions.

7. Generosity and sharing

Feeding the poor teaches compassion and unity.

8. Spiritual and worldly benefits

Hajj provides both personal and communal upliftment.

9. Historical continuity

Connects us to the legacy of Ibrahim (as).

10. Trust in divine wisdom

Submitting to Allah's commands brings hidden blessings.

Question 2 c

Verse (Surah Al-Isra 17:1):

"Exalted is He who took His Servant by night from al-Masjid al-Haram to al-Masjid al-Aqsa,
whose surroundings We have blessed, to show him of Our signs. Indeed, He is the Hearing,
the Seeing."

Context of Revelation:

- This verse refers to the miraculous Isra (night journey) of Prophet Muhammad ‫ ﷺ‬from
Makkah (al-Masjid al-Haram) to Jerusalem (al-Masjid al-Aqsa) in a single night.
- It marks the first part of the journey, followed by the Mi'raj (ascension to the heavens),
where the Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬witnessed many signs and met earlier prophets.
- The event took place during the Prophet’s year of grief, serving as divine consolation and
strengthening his resolve.

Brief Commentary:

- "Exalted is He…" — The verse begins by glorifying Allah, highlighting His perfection and
power.
- "His Servant…" — Refers to the Prophet ‫ﷺ‬, showing that true honour lies in servitude to
Allah.
- "By night…" — Indicates the miraculous nature of the journey, completed in a short span.
- "al-Masjid al-Aqsa…" — Establishes the spiritual and historical importance of Jerusalem in
Islam.
- "To show him of Our signs…" — The journey was meant to display divine signs and
strengthen the Prophet’s faith.
- "He is the Hearing, the Seeing…" — Affirms Allah’s complete awareness of all that occurs,
including His servants' efforts and hardships.

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Lessons Derived:

1. Allah has absolute power

The night journey proves Allah can do anything beyond human comprehension.

2. Servitude is honourable
Being a true servant of Allah is the greatest title.

3. Centrality of Salah
Salah was ordained during Mi'raj, underscoring its importance in a Muslim’s life.

4. Strength during trials

The Isra and Mi'raj occurred in a time of difficulty, reminding believers of Allah’s support.

5. Significance of Masjid al-Aqsa

This site holds deep spiritual value and connection to the prophetic tradition.

6. Continuity of divine message

The Prophet ‫ ﷺ‬leading previous prophets in prayer confirms the unity of their missions.

7. Reality of the unseen

The journey revealed spiritual truths beyond worldly perception.

8. Trust in divine plan

Even when we don’t fully understand events, they carry divine wisdom.

9. Allah transcends time and space

The journey defied natural laws, reminding us of Allah’s limitless power.

10. Regular glorification of Allah

Starting with “Subhana” encourages believers to constantly glorify their Lord.

Question 2 d

Verse Passage (Surah Maryam 19:2–5):

"This is a mention of the mercy of your Lord to His slave Zakariya (Zachariah).
When he called out to his Lord a call in secret,
He said: My Lord, indeed my bones have grown feeble, and my head has flared with grey,
and never have I been unblest in my supplication to You, my Lord.
And indeed, I fear the successors after me, and my wife has been barren, so give me from
Yourself an heir."

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Context of Revelation:
- This passage begins Surah Maryam and introduces the story of Prophet Zakariya (‫عليه‬
‫)السالم‬, highlighting his devotion and supplication to Allah in old age.
- Zakariya (as) was entrusted with the guardianship of Sayyidah Maryam (‫ )عليها السالم‬who was
raised in the sanctuary under his care.
- Witnessing Maryam's piety and the miraculous provision she received in her chamber
inspired Zakariya (as) to ask Allah for a child, despite his and his wife’s old age.

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Who was Sayyidah Maryam (‫?)عليها السالم‬

- Sayyidah Maryam (as) was one of the most honored women in Islam, the daughter of
Imran and the mother of Prophet Isa (‫)عليه السالم‬.
- She is known for her purity, devotion, and miraculous motherhood.
- She was chosen above all women of her time by Allah and remained in worship and
seclusion in the mihrab (prayer chamber).

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Relationship of Zakariya (‫ )عليه السالم‬to Maryam (‫)عليها السالم‬:

- Zakariya (as) was Maryam’s maternal uncle or her guardian — according to most scholars,
he was her **khal** (mother's brother) or her **husband’s sister's husband**.
- He took care of her after the death of her father and ensured her upbringing in a righteous
environment.

Detailed Commentary:

- "A mention of the mercy of your Lord…" — The story begins with Allah’s mercy, showing
that Zakariya’s request and its acceptance were out of divine kindness.
- "When he called to his Lord in secret…" — Shows humility and sincerity in private dua,
reflecting the intimacy of his relationship with Allah.
- "Indeed, my bones have grown feeble…" — Zakariya (as) acknowledges his physical
weakness due to age, yet remains hopeful.
- "And I have never been unblest…" — Expresses his constant trust in Allah; his past
prayers were always answered.
- "I fear the successors after me…" — Concerned about the continuation of religious
guidance and righteous leadership after his death.
- "And my wife has been barren…" — Despite the natural obstacles, he asks Allah with full
conviction for a child.
- "So give me from Yourself an heir…" — He desires not just a biological son, but one
blessed by Allah and capable of carrying on the prophetic mission.

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Lessons Derived (20 Points):

1. Never lose hope in dua, even in impossible circumstances.
2. Private, sincere supplication is beloved to Allah.
3. Recognizing one’s weakness increases humility in prayer.
4. Past blessings are reminders of Allah’s continued mercy.
5. Concern for the future of religion is a sign of a righteous believer.
6. Zakariya (as) asked for a child not for worldly joy, but for religious continuity.
7. Trust in Allah should be greater than reliance on physical means.
8. Age or barrenness are no barriers when Allah wills something.
9. Expressing one’s fears to Allah is a form of submission and trust.
10. Prayers made with yaqeen (certainty) are more likely to be accepted.
11. Zakariya (as) was inspired by observing Maryam’s miracles.
12. Guardianship of the pious brings immense blessings.
13. Allah begins this story with "mercy", reminding us of His loving care.
14. Zakariya (as) shows how prophets are emotionally expressive in their prayers.
15. The mention of grey hair symbolizes passing time and vulnerability.
16. Prophet’s concern wasn’t wealth or power, but righteous legacy.
17. Dua can be made even for things that seem biologically impossible.
18. Allah’s response to sincere prayer is swift and generous.
19. The importance of righteous heirs in continuing divine guidance.
20. Prophets set the highest standard for humility, trust, and sincerity in dua.

Question 2e

Lessons from the Story of Ashab al-Kahf (The People of the Cave):

1. Faith over fear

The youth of the cave chose to preserve their belief in Allah, even if it meant leaving their
society.

2. Courage to stand against falsehood

They did not compromise with the prevailing disbelief and idolatry, showing bravery in the
face of oppression.

3. Reliance on Allah
They put their trust completely in Allah when they took refuge in the cave, showing
tawakkul (dependence on Allah).

4. Companionship in faith
They stayed united, reminding us of the strength of righteous companionship.

5. Time is in Allah’s control

Allah caused them to sleep for over 300 years – showing His power over time and human
affairs.

6. Youth can lead in faith

The story highlights how young people can be leaders and role models in faith and
conviction.
7. Avoidance of corrupt environments
They physically distanced themselves from a sinful society – a lesson in hijrah (migration)
for the sake of deen.

8. Allah protects the sincere

Their story is a testimony that Allah provides miraculous protection for those who are
sincere in their faith.

9. Knowledge belongs to Allah

The exact number of people or years of sleep isn’t definitively stated – showing humility in
matters of the unseen.

10. Legacy of faith lasts

Their story continues to inspire generations – a reminder that true faith leaves a lasting
impact.

How can we seek shelter in a "Kahf" today?

Our modern-day Kahf can be any safe space – physical or spiritual – where we protect our
faith from corruption and sin.

Examples:
- A home filled with Islamic values and remembrance of Allah
- A masjid or Islamic center where faith is strengthened
- Righteous friends who support Islamic identity
- Avoiding harmful media and environments that challenge belief
- Turning to Qur'an and Salah as spiritual refuges

The essence of "seeking a cave" is to withdraw from fitnah (trials) and protect one’s iman,
even if society is heading in the opposite direction.

Question 2 f

Why did the brothers of Sayyiduna Yusuf (alayhis salaam) envy him?

- The brothers of Yusuf (as) envied him because their father, Ya‘qub (as), showed him more
affection and love.
- They perceived this favoritism as unjust, despite the fact that Yusuf (as) was more
righteous and obedient.
- Their jealousy was fueled by worldly desires and lack of spiritual insight.
- They even plotted to remove Yusuf (as) so that their father’s attention would turn toward
them, saying:
*"Kill Yusuf or cast him out to a land so the face of your father will turn only to you."* (Surah
Yusuf 12:9)
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How can we diagnose and cure the spiritual ailment of envy?

1. Self-reflection
Recognize signs of envy: feeling pain at someone else's success or blessings.

2. Sincere du‘a
Ask Allah to purify the heart from negative traits like hasad (envy).

3. Gratitude
Focus on the blessings Allah has given you instead of what others have.

4. Making du‘a for the envied

Pray for the person you envy – this helps soften the heart.

5. Avoid comparison
Realize that every individual is tested in different ways; what you envy may be a test for
the other.

6. Knowledge of Qadr
Believe that every blessing is given by Allah’s wisdom and decree.

7. Engage in dhikr
Remembrance of Allah strengthens the heart and removes diseases of the soul.

8. Stay away from unhealthy competition

Compete in good deeds, not in worldly status.

9. Be content
Accept that rizq (provision) is divided according to Allah’s will.

10. Reflect on the consequences

Envy destroyed the unity of Yusuf's family and brought years of regret – a warning for all.

Envy can corrupt the soul and destroy relationships. The cure lies in sincere taqwa,
gratitude, and contentment with Allah's qadr.