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2. need of RTOS

Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) are designed for environments requiring timely processing of external events, with applications in industrial control, medical devices, and multimedia systems. They can be categorized into hard, soft, and firm real-time systems, each with varying degrees of timing constraints. While RTOS offers advantages like efficient resource management and error-free operation, they also have limitations such as complexity and limited task handling.

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2 views3 pages

2. need of RTOS

Real-Time Operating Systems (RTOS) are designed for environments requiring timely processing of external events, with applications in industrial control, medical devices, and multimedia systems. They can be categorized into hard, soft, and firm real-time systems, each with varying degrees of timing constraints. While RTOS offers advantages like efficient resource management and error-free operation, they also have limitations such as complexity and limited task handling.

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ustmaheshtj00
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Real Time Operating System (RTOS)

Definition:
* Real-time operating systems (RTOS) are used in environments where a large number of events,
mostly external to the computer system, must be accepted and processed in a short time or within
certain deadlines. such applications are industrial control, telephone switching equipment, flight
control, and real-time simulations.
* With an RTOS, the processing time is measured in tenths of seconds.
Examples of real-time operating systems are airline traffic control systems, Command Control
Systems, airline reservation systems, Heart pacemakers, Network Multimedia Systems, robots, etc.
Types of Real-Time Operating System
The real-time operating systems can be of 3 types –

Hard Real-Time Operating System

• These operating systems guarantee that critical tasks are completed within a range of time.
For example, a robot is hired to weld a car body. If the robot welds too early or too late, the car
cannot be sold, so it is a hard real-time system that requires complete car welding by the robot hardly
on time., scientific experiments, medical imaging systems, industrial control systems, weapon
systems, robots, air traffic control systems, etc.
Soft Real-Time Operating System

• This operating system provides some relaxation in the time limit.


For example – Multimedia systems, digital audio systems, etc. Explicit, programmer-defined, and
controlled processes are encountered in real-time systems. A separate process is changed by
handling a single external event. The process is activated upon the occurrence of the related event
signaled by an interrupt.

Firm Real-time Operating System


• RTOS of this type have to follow deadlines as well. In spite of its small impact, missing a
deadline can have unintended consequences, including a reduction in the quality of the
product.
Example: Multimedia applications.
What is the Purpose of RTOS?

• The main goal of an RTOS is to perform critical tasks on time. It ensures that certain
processes are finished within strict deadlines, making it perfect for situations where timing is
very important. It is also good at handling multiple tasks at once.
• An RTOS provides real-time control over hardware resources, like random access
memory (RAM), by ensuring predictable and reliable behavior. It uses system resources
efficiently while maintaining high reliability and responsiveness. By managing multiple tasks
effectively, an RTOS ensures smooth operation even when the system is under heavy use or
changing conditions.
Uses of RTOS
• Defense systems likeRADAR .
• Air traffic control system.
• Networked multimedia systems.
• Medical devices like pacemakers.
• Stock trading applications.
Different Between Regular and Real-Time operating systems

Regular OS Real-Time OS (RTOS)

Complex Simple

Best effort Guaranteed response

Fairness Strict Timing constraints

Average Bandwidth Minimum and maximum limits

Unknown components Components are known

Unpredictable behavior Predictable behavior


Regular OS Real-Time OS (RTOS)

Plug and play RTOS is upgradeabl

Advantages
The advantages of real-time operating systems are as follows:
• Maximum Consumption: Maximum utilization of devices and systems. Thus more output
from all the resources.
• Task Shifting: Time assigned for shifting tasks in these systems is very less. For example, in
older systems, it takes about 10 microseconds. Shifting one task to another and in the latest
systems, it takes 3 microseconds.
• Focus On Application: Focus on running applications and less importance to applications
that are in the queue.
• Real-Time Operating System In Embedded System: Since the size of programs is small,
RTOS can also be embedded systems like in transport and others.
• Error Free: These types of systems are error-free.
• Memory Allocation: Memory allocation is best managed in these types of systems.
Disadvantages
The disadvantages of real-time operating systems are as follows:
• Limited Tasks: Very few tasks run simultaneously, and their concentration is very less on few
applications to avoid errors.
• Use Heavy System Resources: Sometimes the system resources are not so good and they are
expensive as well.
• Complex Algorithms : The algorithms are very complex and difficult for the designer to
write on.
• Device Driver And Interrupt Signals: It needs specific device drivers and interrupts signals
to respond earliest to interrupts.
• Thread Priority: It is not good to set thread priority as these systems are very less prone to
switching tasks.
• Minimum Switching: RTOS performs minimal task switching.

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