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Class 12 Physics Ch 2 Worksheet (for students)
Q1. (i) Calculate the potential at a point 𝑃 due to a charge of 4 × 10−7 C located 9 cm away. (ii) Hence obtain the work done in
bringing a charge of 2 × 10−9 C from infinity to the point 𝑃. Does the answer depend on the path
along which the charge is brought? [NCERT] Answer :-: . (i) 𝑉 = 4 × 104 V (𝑖𝑖)𝑊 = 𝑞0 𝑉 =
8 × 10−5 J No, the answer does not depend on the path along which the charge is brought.

Q2. A molecule of a substance has permanent electric dipole moment equal to 10−29 Cm. A mole
of this substance is polarized (at low temperature) by applying a strong electrostatic field of
magnitude (106 Vm−1 ). The direction of the field is suddenly changed by an angle of 60∘ .
Estimate the heat released by the substance in aligning its dipoles along the new direction of
the field. For simplicity assume 100% polarization of the sample.
[NCERT] Answer :-: . W = 0.5 × 10−23 J and Heat released = Loss in P.E. = Work done =3joule

Q3. A network of four 10𝜇 F capacitors is connected to a 500 V supply as shown in Fig. 2.78. Determine (a) the equivalent
capacitance of the network, (b) the charge on each capacitor. [NCERT] Ans: 𝐶 = 13.3𝜇 F and 𝑞 ′ = 5 × 10−3 C

Q4. (i) A 900 pF capacitor is charged by a 100 V battery. How much electrostatic energy is stored by the capacitor ?
(ii) The capacitor is disconnected from the battery and connected to another 900 pF capacitor. What is the electrostatic energy
stored by the system? (iii) Where has the remainder of the energy gone? [NCERT ; CBSE OD 90] Ans: 4.5 × 10−6 J, 2.25 × 10−6 J
heat and electromagnetic radiation]

Q5. Three capacitors each of capacitance 9𝑝𝐹 are connected in series. (a) What is the total capacitance of the combination ? (b)
What is the potential difference across each capacitor when the combination is connected to a 120 V supply? [Ans. 𝐶 = 3pF and
40 Volt]

Q6. Three capacitors of capacitances 2𝑝𝐹, 3𝑝𝐹 and 4𝑝𝐹 are

connected in parallel. (a) What is the total capacitance of
the combination? (b) Determine the charge on each
capacitor if the combination is connected to a 100 V supply.
[Ans. 9pF, 2pC, 3pC, 4pC]

Q7. In a parallel plate capacitor with air between the

plates, each plate has an area of 6 × 10−3 m2 and the
distance between the plates is 3 mm . Calculate the
capacitance of the capacitor. If the capacitor is connected to a 100 V supply, what is the charge on each plate of the capacitor?
[CBSE SP 23] [Ans: 18pF q = 1.8nC]

Q8. A 12𝑝𝐹 capacitor is connected to a 50 V battery. How much electrostatic energy is stored in the capacitor? [Asns: 15nJ]

Q9. (a) Determine the electrostatic potential energy of a system consisting of two charges 7𝜇C and −2𝜇C (and with no external
field) placed at (−9 cm, 0,0) and (9 cm, 0,0) respectively.
(b) How much work is required to separate the two charges infinitely away from each other?
(c) Suppose the same system of charges is now placed in an external electric field 𝐸 = 𝐴(1/𝑟 2 ); 𝐴 = 9 × 105 Cm−2 . What would the
electrostatic energy of the configuration be? [NCERT] [Ans: U=-0.7j, W=0.7j, Energy = 49.3joule]

Q10. A test charge ' 𝑞 ' is moved without acceleration from 𝐴 to 𝐶 along the path from 𝐴 to 𝐵 and then from 𝐵 to 𝐶 in electric
field 𝐸 as shown in Fig. 2.154. (i) Calculate the potential difference between 𝐴 and 𝐶. (ii) At which
point (of the two) is the electric potential more and why? [CBSE OD 12] [Ans: 𝑉𝐶 > 𝑉𝐴 and The
direction of the electric field is in the direction of decreasing potential]

Q11. The graph [Fig. 2.158(a)] shows the variation of voltage 𝑉 across the plates of two capacitors 𝐴
and 𝐵 versus increase of charge 𝑄 stored on them. Which of the capacitors has higher capacitance ?
Give reason for your answer. [CBSE D 04] [Ans: Thus capacitor 𝐴 has a higher capacitance.]

Q12. Two charged spherical conductors of radii 𝑅1 and 𝑅2 when connected by a conducting wire acquire
charges 𝑞1 and 𝑞2 respectively. Find the ratio of their surface charge densities in terms of their radii.
𝜎 𝑅
[CBSE D 14, 15C] Answer :-: 1 = 2
𝜎2 𝑅1

Q15. A parallel plate capacitor of capacitance 𝐶 is charged to a potential 𝑉 by a battery. Without

disconnecting the battery, the distance between the plates is tripled and a dielectric medium of 𝜅 = 10 is introduced between the
plates of the capacitor. Explain giving reasons, how will the following be affected: (i) capacitance of the capacitor (ii) charge on
the capacitor, and (iii) energy density of the capacitor. [CBSE OD 17C]
𝜀 𝐴 10 10 𝐸
[Answer :-: (i) Original capacitance, 𝐶0 = 0 New capacitance,𝐶 = 𝐶0 (ii) 𝑄 = 𝑄0 . (iii) New field, 𝐸 = 0 Original energy
𝑑 3 3 3
1 10
density, 𝑢0 = 𝜀0 𝐸02 New energy density, 𝑢 = 𝑢0 ]
2 9

Q16. The electric potential 𝑉 at any point 𝑥, 𝑦, 𝑧 (all in metres) in space is given by 𝑉 = 4𝑥 2 volts. Calculate the electric field at
the point (1 m, 0,2 m). [AIPMT 11] [Ans: 𝐸⃗ = −8𝑖ˆVm−1 ]

Important MCQ’s::-

Q17 Four-point charges −𝑄, −𝑞, 2𝑞 and 2𝑄 are placed, one at Q25. Three capacitors each of capacitance 𝐶 and of breakdown
each corner of the square. The relation between 𝑄 and 𝑞 for voltage 𝑉 are joined in series. The capacitance and breakdown
which the potential at the centre of the square is zero is voltage of the combination will be
1 1 𝑉 C 𝐶 𝑉
(a) 𝑄 = −𝑞 (b) 𝑄 = − (c) 𝑄 = 𝑞 (d) 𝑄 = (a) 3𝐶, (b) , 3 V (c) 3C, 3 V (d) ,
𝑞 𝑞 3 3 3 3

Q18 A short electric dipole has a dipole moment of Q26 A capacitor of capacitance 𝐶1 is charged upto potential 𝑉
16 × 10−9 Cm. The electric potential due to the dipole at a and then connected in parallel to an uncharged capacitor of
point at a distance of 0.6 m from the centre of the dipole, capacitance 𝐶2 . The final potential difference across each
situated on a line making an angle of 60∘ with the dipole axis capacitor will be
(a) 200 V b) 0 c) 400 V (d) 50 V 𝐶 𝑉
(a) 2 (b) 1
𝐶 𝑉 𝐶
(c) (1 + 2 ) 𝑉
𝐶
(d) (1 − 2 ) 𝑉
𝐶1 +𝐶2 𝐶1 +𝐶2 𝐶1 𝐶1

Q19 A conducting sphere of radius 𝑅 is given a charge Q. The 1

electric potential and the electric field at the centre of the Q27 The dimension of 𝜀0 𝐸 2 , where 𝜀0 is permittivity of free
2
sphere respectively are space and 𝐸 is electric field, is
(a)
𝑄
and
𝑄
(b) both zero (a) ML2 T −2 (b) ML−1 T −2 (c) ML2 T −1 (d) MLT −1
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑅 2 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑅
𝑄 𝑄
(c) zero and (d) and zero Q28 In a parallel plate capacitor, the distance between the
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑅 2 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑅
plates is 𝑑 and potential difference across plates is V. Energy
Q20 In a certain region of space with volume 0.2 m3 , the stored per unit volume between the plates of capacitor is
electric potential is found to be 5 V throughout. The 𝑄2 1 𝑉2 1 𝑉2 1 𝑉2
(a) (b) 𝜀0 (c) (d) 2 𝜀0
2𝑉 2 𝑑2 2 𝜀0 𝑑 2
magnitude of electric field in this region is 2 𝑑
1N 5N
(a) 0.5 N/C (b) (c) d) zero
C C Q29 Polar molecules are the molecules
(a) having zero dipole moment
𝑄21 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶 are three points in a (b) acquire a dipole moment only in the presence of electric
uniform electric field. field due to displacement of charges
The electric potential is (c) acquire a dipole moment only when magnetic field is
(a) maximum at 𝐴 (b) maximum at 𝐵 absent
(c) maximum at 𝐶 d) same at all the three points 𝐴, 𝐵 and 𝐶. (d) having a permanent electric dipole moment

Q22 In bringing an electron towards another electron, the Q30 A parallel plate capacitor with oil between the plates
electrostatic potential energy of the system (dielectric constant of oil, 𝜅 = 2 ) has a capacitance 𝐶. If the oil
(a) increases (b) decreases is removed, then capacitance of the capacitor becomes
(c) remains unchanged (d) becomes zero (a) √2𝐶 (b) 2 C (c)
𝐶
(d)
𝐶
√2 2

Q23. A point charge +𝑞 is placed at the origin 𝑂 as shown in

the figure. Work done in taking another point charge −𝑄 Q31 The capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor with air as
from the point 𝐴(0, 𝑎) to another point 𝐵(𝑎, 0) along the medium is 6𝜇 F. With the introduction of a dielectric medium,
straight path 𝐴𝐵 is the capacitance becomes 30𝜇 F. The permittivity of the
1 9𝑄 1 9𝑄 medium is (𝜀0 = 8.55 × 10−12 C 2 N−1 m−2 )
(a) ( ⋅ 2 ) √2𝑎 (b) (− ⋅ 2 ) √2𝑎
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎 4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎 (a) 1.77 × 10−12 C 2 N−1 m−2 (b) 0.44 × 10−10 C 2 N−1 m−2
(c) (
1 𝑞𝑄
⋅ )
𝑎
(d) zero (c) 5.00C N m
2 −1 −2
(d) 0.44 × 10−13 C 2 N−1 m−2
4𝜋𝜀0 𝑎2 √2

Answers of MCQ’s ==================

Q24 Three capacitors each of capacitance 4𝜇 F are to be
connected in such a way that the effective capacitance is Q17 (a) Q22 (a) Q27 (b)
6𝜇 F. This can be done by connecting Q18 (a) Q23 (d) Q28 (b)
(a) all of them in series. (b) all of them in parallel. Q19 (d) Q24 (d) Q29 (d)
(c) two in parallel and one in series.
(d) two in series and one in parallel.
Q20 (d) Q25 (b) Q30 (d)
Q21 (b) Q26 (b) Q31 (b)