ISYARAT

VISUAL
&
KOMUNIKASIBy.
Siti Fatimah
 GENERAL SIGNAL CODE
02
TOPIC
MEDICAL SIGNAL CODE
03
SIGNALING
01 INSTRUCTIONS

SIGNALS AND RADIOTELEPHONE

04
PROCEDURES DISTRESS AND LIFESAVING

OBJECTIVE
SIGNALING INSTRUCTIONS MEDICAL SIGNAL CODE
01
GENERAL
03
DISTRESS AND LIFESAVING
SIGNALS AND
02 04 SIGNAL RADIOTELEPHONE PROCEDURES
CODE

SECTION 1: EXPLANATION AND GENERAL SECTION 9: SIGNALING BY HAND FLAGS OR SECTION 5: MISCELLANEOUS SECTION 2: REQUEST FOR MEDICAL
REMARKS ARMS MORSE SIGNALING BY HAND FLAGS SECTION 6: METEOROLOGY— ASSISTANCE
SECTION 2: DEFINITIONS OR ARMS . . . WEATHER SECTION 7: ROUTING OF SECTION 3: MEDICAL ADVICE
SECTION 3: METHODS OF SIGNALING. SECTION 10: MORSE SYMBOLS— SHIPS SECTION 8: COMMUNICATIONS SECTION 4: TABLE OF
SECTION 4: GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS SECTION 1: DISTRESS—EMERGENCY SECTION 9: INTERNATIONAL HEALTH COMPLEMENTS
SECTION 5: FLAG SECTION 2: CASUALTIES—DAMAGES REGULATIONS SECTION 1: DISTRESS SIGNAL
SECTION 6: FLASHING LIGHT SECTION 3: AIDS TO NAVIGATION— SECTION 10: TABLES OF COMPLEMENTS SECTION 2: TABLE OF LIVE SAVING
SECTION 7: SOUND NAVIGATION—HYDROGRAPHY SECTION 1: EXPLANATION AND SIGNALS
SECTION 8: RADIOTELEPHONY SECTION 4: MANEUVERS INSTRUCTIONS SECTION 3: RADIOTELEPHONE
PROCEDURES
that it should be prepared in seven

Introduction languages, namely in English, French, Italian,

German, Japanese, Spanish and in one
Scandinavian language which was chosen by
the Scandinavian Governments to be the
Norwegian language.

The International Radiotelegraph Conference

at Washington in 1927 considered proposals The Code was adopted by the Fourth
for a new revision of the Code and decided
Assembly of IMCO in 1965

1855 1927 1947 1965

The First Conference of the International Telecommunication Union
International Code was drafted in 1855 by a Committee set suggested in 1947 that the International Code of Signals
up by the British Board of Trade. should fall within the competence of the Inter-Governmental
The Administrative Radio Maritime Consultative Organization (IMCO)

of Signals is to provide ways and

CHAPTER 1 SECTION 1 :
means of communication in situations
EXPLANATION AND
GENERAL REMARKS related essentially to safety of
The purpose of the International Code navigation and persons, especially
when language difficulties arise.

In the preparation of the Code, account was taken of the fact

that wide application of radiotelephony and radiotelegraphy can
provide simple and effective means of communication in plain
language whenever language difficulties do not exist
 The signals used consist of
a) Single-letter signals important, or of very c) Three-letter signals
common use
allocated to significations (b) Two-letter signals
which are very urgent, for General Signal Code

beginning with
“M” for Medical
Signal Code
The Code follows the basic
principle that each signal should have a
complete meaning. This principle is
followed throughout the Code; in
certain cases complements are used,
where necessary to supplement the
available groups.

The Basic Principle of ICS

Complements express:
 Variations in the Questions Answers to a Supplementar,
meaning of the concerning the question or specific or
basic same basic request made by detailed
signal. subject or basic the basic signal. information
signal
“CP” = “I am (or “HX” = “Have you “IN” = “I require a
vessel indicated is) “DY” = “Vessel (name or received any damage in
proceeding to your diver”.
identity signal) has sunk in collision?” “IN 1” = “I require a
assistance.”
lat . . .long. ..” “DY 4” = “HX 1” = “I have
“CP 1” = “SAR diver to clear
“What is the depth of water received serious
aircraft is coming to your where vessel sank?” damage above the
propeller”
assistance.”
waterline”

(a) (b) (c) (d)

Complements appearing in the text more than
once have been grouped in three tables.
These tables should be used only as and
Complements when specified in the text of the signals

a) an alternative, e.g.:“. . .
(or survival craft). . .”;
 The material is classified according to referencing of the signals in the right-hand
subject and meaning. Extensive cross column is used to facilitate coding. Example ;
transmitted if it is required or if it is available, e.g.: “. . .
Text in (position to be indicated if necessary)”;
brackets indicates: b) an explanation of the text.
a) information which may be

Exercise
Chapter1Sec
tion1
ICS? 3. Explain the basic principles of
ICS? 4. When is the use of
"Complement" necessary?
5. Give an example of using
1. Describe the purpose of ICS? "Complement"?
2. State and describe the grouping of
SECTION 2
CHAPTER 1
 DEFINITION
S
For the purpose of this Code the
following terms shall have the
meanings defined below:

This is intended so that there is

no error in meaning these
terms
Visual signaling Sound signaling
is any method of communication, is any method of passing
the transmission of which is Morse signals by mAeans of
capable of being seen siren, whistle, foghorn, bell, or
 other sound apparatus. Identity signal effected by any means.
or call sign is the group of letters
Originator and figures assigned to each Station of origin
is the authority who orders a station by its administration is that station where the originator
signal submits a signal for transmission,
to be Station irrespective of the method of
sent communication employed
means a ship, aircraft, survival

Definitions
craft, or any place at which
communications can be

Definitions Transmitting station

is the station by

which a signal is actually being made

Addressee is the authority to whom a signal is addressed.

is that station in which the signal is finally received by the

Station of destination Receiving station addressee

Procedure is the station by which a signal is actually being read

denotes the rules drawn up for the conduct of signalin

Definitions
consists of one or more groups displayed from
Procedure signal is a signal Group a single halyard. A hoist or signal is said to be
designed to facilitate the conduct of denotes more than one continuous at the dip when it is hoisted about half of the
signaling. (See Chapter 1, Section 10, letter and/or numeral which together full extent of the halyards. A hoist or signal is
Pages 17, 20, and 21. compose a signal said to be close up when it is hoisted to the
full extent of the halyards
A hoist
Contents Contents Contents Contents Contents Contents

Time of origin is the time at consists of one or more is a length of halyard about 2 m (6 ft.)
which a signal is ordered to be made numeral long, used to separate each group of
flags.
A numeral group Tackline
E x e r c i s e Cha 1. Explain the meaning of Identity
pter1Section2 signal? 2. Explain the meaning of
Originator? 3. Explain the meaning 5. Explain the meaning of Time of
of visual Signal? 4. Explain what is a origin?
tack line?

CHAPTER 1 Section 3
 METHODS OF SIGNALING

of signaling 07
The methods Morse

using the Morse symbols time between any two phonetic spelling tables. Radiotelegraphy
shown in Chapter 1, Section
10, Page 17 The Morse
elements of a symbol is
Whenever possible plain
04 signaling by
hand flags or
symbols representing letters,
numerals,
(a)A dot is taken as the unit;
language should be used but
where a language difficulty 05 arms
Radiotelephony
exists groups from the
(b) A dash is equivalent to International Code of Signals
three units; (c) The space of could be transmitted using the 06

equivalent to one unit; between two hailer

complete symbols it is equivalent to
three units; and between two words
02 03 Sound
or groups it is equivalent to seven Voice over signaling
units. a loud
When radiotelegraphy or transmission of signals, operators Regulations of the International
radiotelephony is used for the should comply with the Radio Telecommunication Union then in

using the Morse symbols shown in Chapter 1, Section 8, Page

Flag signaling
01 Flashing light
Chapter 1, Section 10 Page 17
force. (See Radiotelephony in
14.

substitutes, and the answering pennant. Detailed instructions for signaling by flags are
signaling given in Chapter 1, Section 5, Pages 9 and 10.
A set of signal flags consists of twenty-six alphabetical flags, ten numeral pennants, three

CHAPTER 1
Section 4

GENERAL
INSTRUCTION
SECTION 4: GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS
 Originator and addressee of message Use of identity signals
1. Unless otherwise indicated all signals between vessels are Identification of ships and aircraft
made from the Master of the 2. Identity signals for ships and aircraft are allocated on an
vessel of origin to the Master of the vessel of destination international basis. The identity signal may therefore indicate the
nationality of a ship or aircraft.

3. Identity signals may be used for two purposes:

(a)to speak to, or call, a station;
(b)to speak of, or indicate, a station.
Examples:
“YP LABC” = “I wish to communicate with vessel LABC by . . .”
(Complements Table 1, Chapter 2, Section 10, Page 104). “HY
1 LABC” = “The vessel LABC with which I have been in collision
has resumed her voyage”
How to signal numbers How to signal numbers
How to signal numbers
5. Instructions for signaling numbers:

Names of vessels and/or places

4. Names of vessels and/or places are to be SECTION 4 :
spelled out. GENERAL
Example: INSTRUCTION (a) Numbers are to be signaled as follows: (i) Flag
“RV Gibraltar” = “You should proceed to signaling: by the numeral pennants of the Code.
Gibraltar” (ii) Flashing light or sound signaling: usually by the
numerals in the Morse Code; they may also be
spelled out. (b) Figures which form part of the basic (i) Flag signaling: by inserting the answering
(iii) Radiotelephony or loud hailer: by the Code signification of a signal are to be sent pennant where it is desired to express the decimal
words of the Figure Spelling Table in Chapter 1, together with the basic group. point. (ii) Flashing light and sound signaling: by
Section 10, Page 19. “decimal point” signal “AAA”.
Examples: (iii) (iii) Voice: by use of the word “DECIMAL” as
“DI 20” = “I require boats for 20 persons.” indicated in the Figure Spelling Table
“FJ 2” = “Position of accident (or survival (d) Wherever the text allows depths, etc., to
craft) is marked by sea marker” be signaled in feet or in meters, the figures
(c) A decimal point between numerals is to be should be followed by “F” to indicate feet or
How to signal numbers signaled as follows: by “M” to indicate meters.
120˚ at (local time) 1540”

SECTION 4: GENERAL Course

INSTRUCTIONS Azimuth or bearing 7. Course is to be expressed in three numerals
denoting degrees from 000 to 359, measured
clockwise. If there is any possibility of confusion, they
should be preceded by the letter “C”. They are always
to be true unless expressly stated to be otherwise in
the context.
Examples:
Date “MD 025” = “My course is 025˚”.
6. They are to be expressed in three figures denoting “GR C240 S18” = “Vessel coming to your rescue is
degrees from 000 to 359, measured clockwise. If there is any steering course 240˚, speed 18 knots”.
possibility of confusion, they should be preceded by the letter 8. Dates are to be signaled by two, four, or six numerals
“A”. They are always to be true unless expressly stated to be preceded by the letter “D”. The first two numerals
otherwise in the context. indicate the day of the month. When they are used alone
Examples: they refer to the current month.
“LW 005” = “I receive your transmission on Example: “D15” transmitted on the 15th or any
bearing 005˚”. other date in April means “15 April”. The two
“LT A120 T1540” = “Your bearing from me is numerals which follow indicate the month of
 the year. Latitude 9. Latitude is expressed by four figures
Example: “D1504” means “15 April”. Where preceded by the Letter “L”. The first two figures
necessary the year may be indicated by two denote the degrees and the last two the minutes.
further numerals.
Example: “D181063” means “18 October The letters “N” (North) or “S” (South) follow if they are needed; however, for
1963”. reasons of simplicity they may be omitted if there is no risk of confusion.
Example: “L3740S” = “Latitude 37˚40'S”.
Latitude
Longitude “CH L2537N G4015W” = “Vessel indicated is Example: “OV A080 R10” = “Mine(s) is (are)
reported as requiring assistance in lat 25˚37' believed to be bearing 080˚ from me, distance 10
10. Longitude is expressed by four or, if N, long 40˚15' W” miles”. The letter “R” may be omitted if there is no
necessary, five figures preceded by the letter possibility of confusion.
“G”. The first two (or three) figures denote the
degrees and the last two the minutes. When Speed
the longitude is more than 99˚, no confusion 12. Speed is indicated by figures preceded by:
will normally arise if the figure indicating (a.) the letter “S” to denote speed in knots, or (b.)
hundreds of degrees is omitted the letter “V” to denote speed in
kilometers per hour.
However, where it is necessary to avoid
confusion the five figures should be used. Examples: “BQ S300” = “The speed of my aircraft
in relation to the surface of the earth is 300 knots”.
The letters “E” (East) or “W” (West)
“BQ V300” = “The speed of my aircraft in relation
follow if they are needed, otherwise they may to the surface of the earth is 300 kilometers per
be omitted, as in the case of latitude. hour”.
SECTION 4 : GENERAL INSTRUCTION
Example:
“G13925E” = “Longitude 139˚25' E”. A signal Distance
requiring the indication of position to complete 11. Figures preceded by the letter “R” indicate
its signification should be signaled as follows: distance in nautical miles.
 (a) the letter “T” indicating “Local time”, or (b) the letter “Z” indicating
“Greenwich Mean Time”.

Examples:
“BH T1045 L2015N G3840W C125” = “I sighted an aircraft at local time 1045
Time in lat 20˚15' N, long 38˚40' W flying on course 125˚”.
“RX Z0830” = “You should proceed at GMT 0830”.
SECTION 4 : GENERAL 15. If a vessel or a coast station wishes
to make a signal in a local code, the

INSTRUCTION signal “YV 1” = “The groups which

follow are from the local code” should
precede the local signal, if it is
necessary, in order to avoid
misunderstandinG

Communication
by local signal codes Time of origin
13. Times are to be expressed in four figures, of which the first two denote 14. The time of origin may be added at the end of the text. It should be given
the hour, from 00 (midnight) up to 23 (11 p.m.), and the last two denote the to the nearest minute
minutes (from 00 to 59). and expressed by four figures. Apart from
The figures are preceded by: indicating at what time a signal originated, it also
serves as a convenient reference number.
CHAPTER 1
SECTION 5:
FLAG SIGNALING
As a general rule only one hoist should be shown at a time. Each
hoist or group of hoists should be kept flying until it has been
answered by the receiving station (see paragraph 3).

When more groups than one are shown on the same halyard they
 must be separated by a tackline. The transmitting station should
seen by the receiving station, that is, in such a position that

01
always hoist the signal where it can be most easily
the flags will blow out clear and be free from smoke.

02
How
To c a l l
The identity signal of the station(s)
addressed is to be hoisted with the signal
(see Chapter 1, Section 4, Paragraph 3,
Page 6). If no identity signal is hoisted it will
be understood that the signal is addressed
to all stations within visual signaling
distance. If it is not possible to determine
the identity signal of the station to which it is
desired to signal,
the group “VF” = “You should hoist your
identity signal” or “CS” = “What is the name or identity
signal of your vessel (or station)?” should be hoisted
first; at the same time the station will hoist its own
identity signal. The group “YQ” = “I wish to
communicate by... (Complements Table 1, Chapter 2,
Section 10, Page 104) with vessel bearing . . . from
me” can also be used.
 All stations to which signals are addressed
or which are indicated in signals are to
hoist the answering pennant at the dip as
soon as they see each hoist and close up
immediately, when they understand it; it is
to be lowered to the dip as soon as the
hoist is hauled down at the transmitting
station, being hoisted close up again as
soon as the next hoist is understood

03 H o w ToanswerSi
gnal
 How to complete The transmitting station is to hoist the answering a
signal
pennant singly after the last hoist of the signal to indicate
that the signal is completed. The receiving station is to
answer this in a similar manner to all other hoists (see
paragraph 3 on this page).
04
05
If the receiving station cannot clearly distinguish
the
signal made to it, it is to keep the answering
pennant
at the dip. If it can distinguish the signal but
cannot
understand the meaning
of it,

it can hoist the following signals: “ZQ” = “Your signal

appears incorrectly coded. You should check and
repeat the whole”, or “ZL” = “Your signal has been
received but not understood”
 The use of substitutes
06
The use of substitutes is to
 enable the same when used as a decimal
signal flag, either point is to be disregarded
alphabetical flag or in determining which
numeral pennant, to substitute to use.
be repeated one or
more times in the
Example: The signal “VV” would
same group, in case
be made as
only one set of flags is
follows: V first substitute The
carried on board. The
number “1100” would be made
first substitute always
by numeral pennants as follows:
repeats the uppermost
1 first substitute 0 third
signal flag of that class
substitute The signal “L 2330”
of flags which
would be made as follows: L 2 3
immediately precedes
second substitute 0 In this case,
the substitute.
the second substitute follows a
numeral
pennant and therefore it can
only repeat the second
the top of that class of numeral in the group
flags which
The second substitute immediately precedes
always repeats the them. No substitute can
second and the third ever be used more than
substitute repeats the third once in the same group.
signal flag, counting from The answering pennant
 The signal “YZ” = “The
06 words which follow are
Names in the text of a signal in plain language” can
are to be be used, if necessary.
spelled out by means of the
alphabetical
flags.

How
to spell

07
 When a ship of war wishes to communicate
Use of the Code with a merchant vessel she will hoist the
pennant by ships Code pennant in a conspicuous position,
and keep it flying during the whole of the
ofwar time the signal is being made

CHAPTER 1
SECTION 6:
FLASHING LIGHT SIGNALING
 A signal made by flashing light is divided
into the following parts:

answering signal. will also be repeated back by signal includes names, places,
The call the transmitting station etc. Receipt of each word or
group is acknowledged by “T”
The identity The text
It consists of the The ending
general call or the The transmitting
station makes “DE” followed This consists of plain language
identity signal of the or Code groups. When Code It consists of the
by its identity signal or name.
station to be called. groups are to
This will be repeated back be used they should be ending signal
It is by the receiving station
which then signals its own
preceded by the signal “YU”.
“AR” which is
answered by the Words of plain language may
identity signal or name. This also be in the text, when the answered by “R”

(a) (b) (c) (d)

A signal made by flashing light

If the entire text is in plain

language the same procedure
is to
be

followed. The call and identity

may be omitted when two
stations have established
communications and have
already exchanged signals.
 A signal made by flashing
light
A list of procedure signals appears in Chapter 1, Section 10, Pages 20 and 21.
Although the use of these signals is self-explanatory, the following notes might be
found useful:

(a) (b) (d) (c)

The General call signal transmitting station ceases to make the call. last group or word was signaled incorrectly.
The It is to be answered with the erase signal.
(or call for unknown station) “AA AAAA” etc., transmission starts with the “DE” followed by When answered, the transmitting station will
is made to attract attention when wishing to the name or identity signal of the repeat the last word or group which was
signal to all stations within visual signaling transmitting station. correctly signaled and then proceed with the
distance or to a station whose name or remainder of the transmission.
identity signal is not known. The call is
continued until the station addressed The letter “T” is used to indicate the receipt
answers. of each word or group.
The Answering signal The Erase signal
“TTTT” etc., is made to answer the call and “EEEEEE” etc., is used to indicate that the
it is to be continued until the
 A signal made by flashing light

(e) (i) (iii) (ii)

what you have sent”);

The Repeat signal (iii) The Special Repetition signals “AA”,
“AB”, “WA”, “WB”, and “BN” are made by
“RPT” is to be the receiving station as appropriate. In each
case they are made

used as follows: immediately after the repeat signal “RPT”.

Examples: “RPT AB KL”— “Repeat all before
i) by the transmitting station to indicate that group KL”. “RPT BN 'boats' 'survivors'
it is going to repeat (“I repeat”). If such a ”—“Repeat all between words 'boats' and
repetition does not follow immediately after 'survivors' ”. If a signal is not understood, or,
“RPT”, the signal should be interpreted as a when decoded, it is not intelligible, the
request to the receiving station to repeat the repeat signal is not used. The receiving
signal received (“Repeat what you have station must then make the appropriate
received”); signal from the Code, e.g., “Your signal has
been received but not understood”.
(ii) by the receiving station to request for a
repetition of the signal transmitted (“Repeat
 A signal made by flashing light
(g)
(f) (i) (h)

A correctly received The Ending signal “AR” is received your last signal”. (i) When made independently or after
the end of a signal it
repetition is used in all cases to indicate The transmitting station indicates that the other station must
acknowledged by the signal the end of a signal or the end makes the signal “CS” when wait for further
“OK”. The same signal may of the transmission. The requesting the name or communications (waiting
be used as an affirmative receiving station signal);
identity signal of the (ii) (ii) When it is inserted between
answer to a question (“It is answers with the signal “R” = receiving station. groups it serves to separate them
correct”) “Received” or “I have The Waiting signal or Period signal (period signal) to avoid confusion.
“AS” is to be used as follows:
 A signal made by flashing light
(j) (k)
The signal “C” should be used to indicate an When the signals “N” or “NO”, and “RQ” are used to
affirmative statement or an affirmative reply to an change an affirmative signal into a negative statement or
interrogative signal; the signal “RQ” should be used into a12 CHAPTER 1.—SIGNALING INSTRUCTIONS
to indicate a question. question, respectively, they should be transmitted after the
For a negative reply to an interrogative signal or for main signal. Examples:
a negative statement, the signal “N” should be used “CY N” (or “NO” as appropriate) = “(Boat(s) is(are) not
in visual or sound signaling and the signal “NO” coming to you.” “CW RQ” = “Is boat/raft on board?” The
should be used for voice or radio transmission. signals “C”, “N” or “NO”, and “RQ” cannot be used in
conjunction with single-letter signals
 CHAPTER 1 SECTION 7:
SOUND SIGNALING

SOUND SIGNALING
1. Owing to the nature of the foghorn, etc.) sound signaling is misuse of sound signaling is of a
apparatus used (whistle, siren, necessarily slow. Moreover, the nature to create serious
confusion at sea. Sound sufficiently long intervals to sound, may only be made in
signaling in fog should therefore be ensure that no compliance with the
reduced to a minimum. confusion can arise and requirements of the
Signals other than the single letter that one letter signals International Regulations for
signals should be used only in cannot be mistaken as two- Preventing Collisions at Sea.
extreme emergency and never in letter groups. Reference is also made to the
frequented navigational waters. 3. Masters are reminded that the single letter signals
2. The signals should be made one letter signals of the Code, provided for exclusive use
slowly and clearly. They may be which are marked by an between an icebreaker and
repeated, if necessary, but at asterisk(*), when made by assisted vessels.
 CHAPTER 1
SECTION 8:
RADIOTELEPHONY
1. When using the International Code of Signals in cases of language difficulties, the principles of the Radio
Regulations of the International Telecommunication Union then in force have to be observed. Letters and
figures are to be spelled in accordance with the phonetic spelling tables in Chapter 1, Section 10, Pages 18
through 20.
2. When coast and ship stations are called, the identity signals (call signs) or names shall be used.

R ADIOTELEPHO
NY
(b) The group “DE” (DELTA
(a) The call sign
ECHO); or name
of
the station
called, not
more than
three times
 at each call;

Method of calling not be sent more than once

(c) The call sign or name of the calling
Difficult names of stations should also be spelled. After station, not more than three times at each
contact has been established, the call sign or name need call.

RADIOTELEPHONY Form of reply to calls Calling all

stations in the vicinity
The call sign or name of the calling station, not more than three
times;

The group “DE”

(DELTA ECHO);

The call sign or name of the station called, not more than three times
The group “CQ” follow, the word “INTERCO” is to be
(CHARLIE QUEBEC) inserted. Words of plain language may
shall be used, but not also be in the text when the signal
more than three includes names, places, etc. In this case
times at each call. the group “YZ” (YANKEE ZULU) is to be
In order to indicate inserted if necessary
that Code groups of If the station called is unable to accept traffic immediately, it
the International should transmit the signal “AS” (ALFA SIERRA), adding the
Code of Signals are duration of waiting times in minutes whenever possible.
to

RADIOTELEPHONY
Calling all stations in the vicinity

The receipt of a transmission is

indicated by the signal “R” (ROMEO).

If the transmission is to be repeated in

total or in part, the signal “RPT” (ROMEO
PAPA TANGO) shall be used,
supplemented as necessary by:
“AA” (ALFA ALFA) = all after . . .
 “AB” (ALFA BRAVO) = all before . . .
“BN” (BRAVO NOVEMBER) = all between . . .and . . .
“WA” (WHISKEY ALFA) = word or group after . . .
“WB” (WHISKEY BRAVO) = word or group before . . .

The end of a transmission is indicated by the signal “AR”

(ALFA ROMEO)
CHAPTER 1
 ARMS

SECTION 9: SIGNALING BY HAND FLAGS OR ARMS

01 The call signal “AA AA AA” may be

A station which desires to made instead.
communicate with another station by
Morse signaling by hand flags or arms 03
may indicate the The call signal “AA AAAA” and the
On receipt of the call the station signal “T” should be used respectively
addressed should make the 02 by the transmitting station and the
answering signal, or, if unable to addressed station.
communicate by this means,
should reply with the signal
“YS1” by any available
method.

requirement by
transmitting to that station the
signal “K1” by any method.
 Normally both arms should be used for this method of
04
transmission but in cases where this is difficult or impossible
one arm can be used. 5. All signals will end with the ending
signal “AR”

TABLE OF MORSE SIGNALING BY HAND FLAGS OR ARMS

Raising both hand
Spreading out
flags or arms 01
Hand flags or arms brought
both hand flags 02 03
before the chest

Separation of "dots" and/or "dashes"

Hand flags or arms kept

 04
05
Circular motion of hand flags or arms over the head

at 45° away from the body downwards

Separation of letters, groups or words Erase signals, if made by the transmitting station.

Request for repetition if by the

receiving station.
CHAPTER 1

SECTION 10:
MORSE SYMBOLS—PHONETIC
TABLES—PROCEDURE SIGNALS
SECTION 9:
MORSE SYMBOLS
PHONETIC TABLES
For the pronunciation of letters and figures by radiotelephony or by voice over a loud hailer
SECTION 10: PHONETIC
TABLES
 Note:
Each syllable should be
equally emphasized.
The second component of
each Code word is the
Note: syllables are emphasized
The Boldfaced Code word used in the Aeronautical Mobile
Service
SECTION 10:
PROCEDURE
A bar over the letters
composing a signal

SIGNAL
PROCEDURE SIGNALS
denotes that the letters are to be made as
one symbol

Signals for voice transmissions

01 (radiotelephony or loud hailer): 02 Signals for flashing light transmission
 Sig

nals for flags, radiotelephony,

03 and radiotelegraphy transmissions
 Notes:
(a) The procedure signals “C”, “N”, “NO”, and “RQ” cannot be used in conjunction with
single-letter signals.
(b) Signals on COMMUNICATIONS appear in Chapter 2, Section 8, Pages 100 through 102.
(c) When these signals are used by voice transmission the letters should be pronounced in
accordance with the letter-spelling table, with the exception of “NO” which in voice
transmission should be pronounced as “NO”.
SINGLE LETTER SIGNALS
May be made by any method of signaling. See Note 1 for those marked by an asterisk (*)
A _ I have a diver down; keep well clear at slow speed.
*B_ I am taking in, or discharging, or carrying dangerous goods.
*C_ Yes (affirmative or “The significance of the previous group should be read in the affirmative”).
*D_ Keep clear of me; I am maneuvering with difficulty.
*E_ I am altering my course to starboard.
F_ I am disabled; communicate with me.
*G_ I require a pilot. When made by fishing vessels operating in close proximity on the fishing
grounds it means: “I am hauling nets”.
*H_ I have a pilot on board.
*I_ I am altering my course to port.
J_ I am on fire and have dangerous cargo on board: keep well clear of me, or I am leaking
dangerous cargo.
K_ I wish to communicate with you.
L_ You should stop your vessel instantly.
M_ My vessel is stopped and making no way through the water.
SINGLE LETTER SIGNALS
May be made by any method of signaling. See Note 1 for those marked by an asterisk (*)

N_ No (negative or “The significance of the previous group should be read in the negative”). This
signal may be given only visually or by sound. For voice or radio transmission the signal should
be “NO”.
O_ Man overboard.
P_ In harbor.—All persons should report on board as the vessel is about to proceed to sea. At sea.—
It may be used by fishing vessels to mean: “My nets have come fast upon an obstruction”. It may
also be used as a sound to mean: “I require a pilot”.
Q_ My vessel is “healthy” and I request free pratique.
*S_ I am operating astern propulsion.
*T_ Keep clear of me; I am engaged in pair trawling.
U_ You are running into danger.
V_ I require assistance.
W_ I require medical assistance.
X_ Stop carrying out your intentions and watch for my signals.
Y_ I am dragging my anchor.
*Z_ I require a tug. When made by fishing vessels operating in close proximity on the fishing grounds
it means: “I am shooting nets”

THANK YOU
ISYARAT VISUAL FOR CADET PIP
SEMARANG