MAHARASHTRA NATIONAL LAW UNIVERSITY, NAGPUR

Course Outline

BAL MEDIA AND LAW

Designed and Developed by:

June 2024
(Strictly for Private Circulation)
 MEDIA AND LAW
Semester-IX June-November, 2024
Course Code BAL9.5
Course Credit 5
Maximum Marks 100
Teaching Hours 80
Presentation Hours 15-18
Medium of Instruction English
Course Optional
Introduction
Media is considered to be the backbone of freedom of speech and expression enshrined
under Article 19 of the Constitution of India. The Constitution of India has been a torch
bearer for strengthening the role of media for circulation, providing information and
forming a public opinion to the people at large. Media is referred to as the fourth pillar of
the government due to its significance in furthering the ideals behind democracy and free
opinion of the citizens. Media plays a pivotal role in formation of societal perception
especially towards issues of national and international importance. Therefore, media acts as
a watchdog for the betterment of the society and to facilitate smooth functioning of a
democracy. Modern Media is under the grip of the two aspects: social and commercial,
hence it has huge respectabilities and liabilities, and for the pursuit of these two, media has
interface with Laws.
With the advancement in technology and emergence of internet as a platform for
circulation of information, there is a changing role of media. The evolution from print or
traditional media to new forms of media has changed the dynamics of media’s role. The
concept of ‘New Media’ is rapidly gaining momentum as the world has become a smaller
place due to a massive access to information. Thus, the course Media and Law is designed
for the students to understand and analyse the emerging trends and practices in this domain.
The free flow of information without any cost has also led to several issues and challenges
in the present era. Platforms like Twitter, Facebook etc. are used these days by celebrities,
companies and even the politicians for various purposes. The advent of social media has
also created new problems in the regulatory framework of the country.
Media and its roles and responsibilities have to be understood in light of the legal
regulatory mechanism in India. The course will enlighten the students about the facets of
Media and its interface with various other domains of law. The students will be guided and
motivated in the course of teaching to read and refer multiple sources such as newspapers,
news channels, print as well as social media, judicial pronouncements etc. The course
fosters a critical and analytical thinking which will enhance the perspective of students in
all possible manners in relation to social, legal, commercial, political dimensions.
The course Media and Law is divided into five modules which provides an insight into
various nuances of laws governing media in India. Module-I covers meaning and chronicle
development of media, which includes analogy between media and law, theories of media,
evolution of media in India and abroad and impact of media in society. Module-II
establishes link between the Constitution of India and media laws, which encompass pre-
independent establishments of media regulations, freedom of speech and expression along
with reasonable restrictions and sedition and privacy laws regulating act of media.
Module-III comprises of regulatory framework of print and digital media which describes
establishment, power and function of media along with rules of publication. The module
also covers contemporary areas like hate speech on social media and regulations on Over-
the-Top platforms. Module-IV comprehends media and ethics in conjunction with

Page 1 of 10
obscenity, censorship and indecent representation of women. Module-V highlights
contemporary developments in media which consist of influence of media on election,
national security and trial process.
Course Objectives
The course ‘Media and Law’ aims to introduce various issues relating to media by
keeping pace with the changing dynamics in the contemporary era. In the era of advanced
technologies, media plays a pivotal role which includes within its ambit both print as well
as electronic media. Media regulation has a prolong history in India; it had been incepted in
colonial regime. To maintain the freedom of press in post-independence era so many legal
provisions were formed. Media plays a humongous part in ensuring formation of opinion
relating to social, legal, cultural, political, ethical ideas etc. However, there should be a
self-regulation on the information and contents which are circulated to the public. In the
recent times, there are certain issues and challenges faced by media. The instances of paid
news, trial by media, illicit use of social media, and circulation of fake information to the
public will be studied and analysed to a great length. The objectives of the course are to:
 develop an understanding of media laws and its significance in contemporary society;
 introduce the interface between media and law in the light of theories, kinds and facets
of media;
 analyse the freedom of media in relation to freedom of speech and expression
guaranteed under the Constitution of India;
 understand the nuances of print and broadcast media laws;
 describe the role of ethics in journalistic profession; and
 learn the contemporary developments in media laws keeping in view of the emerging
issues and challenges.
Teaching Methodology
The Teaching methodology which will be used for this course will be a blend of various
methods, tools and techniques. The course will also involve a practical experience along
with a theoretical understanding of the subject. The course will be taught involving Case
Study, Lecture, Discussion, Socratic methods of teaching etc. to train and equip the
students with an in depth understanding of the subject. Cooperative Teaching Method will
also be adopted depending on the topics of contemporary relevance. The utilisation of
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) tools will be encouraged which will
make the students familiar with the concepts efficiently. The students will be motivated
and guided to have enormous discussions on various issues and challenges relating to
media and law in the contemporary era. Hence, the students will be required to participate
during the lectures for a better understanding of the subject.
Course Textbooks
The course contains several textbooks, articles from reputed journals, judicial
pronouncements, and statutory provisions which will assist the students for a better
understanding of the subject. The students will be provided with a list of text books and
other reading material which will help them in an in-depth knowledge of the subject.
Course Evaluation Method
The Course is assessed for 100 Marks in total by an application-based examination
system. There shall be a Mid-Semester Exam for 20 Marks and End Semester Exam for 50
Marks. 25 Marks are allotted for the Project work which includes 20 Marks for written
research work and 5 Marks for presentation of Project. The question papers shall be

Page 2 of 10
designed on a decided or under-trial case based; therefore, students are advised to take
classroom exercise seriously and to develop their own application base skills.
Course Outcomes
After the completion of the course, the students will have a thorough understanding of
the areas relating to media and various laws which regulate and monitor the functioning of
freedoms guaranteed by the Constitution of India. The students will learn and understand
the development of media laws in India, contours of media regulations, social media and
contemporary utility of media in lives of individuals. The course will enhance the career
opportunities for students in various fields. At the completion of the Course, students will
be able to:
 understand the significance of media in the contemporary society to analyse the
practical applicability of media laws;
 analyse the interface between media and law with the help of theories, kinds and
facets of media;
 comprehend the significance of freedom of media in light of freedom of speech and
expression;
 understand the print and broadcast media laws, their role and responsibility in
ensuring freedom of speech and expression;
 recognise the significance of ethics in media and ethical conduct for journalistic
profession; and
 identify the contemporary issues and challenges in media laws.

Page 3 of 10
 COURSE CONTENTS
Module-I: Introduction to Media and Law [Teaching Hours 10]
1.1 Media: Concept of Media, Kinds of Media: Print, Radio, Electronic Media;
Significance of Interface between Media and Law.
1.2 Theories of Media: Hypodermic Needle Theory; Cultivation Theory; Agenda Setting
Theory, Uses and Gratification Theory; Spiral of Silence; Direct Effects Theory;
Symbolic Interactionism.
1.3 Significance of Media in India: Role of Print Media in Independence and Post-
Independence; Press, Radio, Television, Emergence of New Media.
1.4 Evolution of Media Freedom Globally: Abolishment of Prior Restraint (English
Law); Virginia Bill of Rights; First Amendment to US Constitution.
1.5 Media and Society: Media and its Impact on Society; Role of Media in Public
Opinion; Hegemony and Political Mobilization.
Judicial References
Nipun Saxena v. Union of India (2019) 2 SCC 703
Sanjoy Narayan v. High Court of Allahabad (2011) 13 SCC 155
Swapnil Tripathi v. Supreme Court of India (2018) 10 SCC 639
Compulsory Readings
 Madhavi Goradia Divan, FACETS OF MEDIA LAW, 2 nd ed. 2013, rep. 2018, Eastern
Book Company.
 Sebastian Paul, LAW, ETHICS AND THE MEDIA, 3 rd ed. 2015, (Part I: Freedom of
the Press: What It Means, 1- Freedom from Prior Restraint), pp. 4-16.
 Shruti Bedi and Jayanti Singla, “Impact of Media: Pawned Democratic Psychology”,
ARMY INSTITUTE OF LAW JOURNAL, Vol. 12, 2019, pp. 195-209.
Suggested Readings
 Gopal Sharma, LAW OF FREEDOM OF PRESS AND MEDIA IN INDIA:
CONTEMPORARY ISSUES, 1st ed. 2018, Dattsons, Nagpur.
 Mani Chandran, THE WRITER, THE READER AND THE STATE: LITERARY
CENSORSHIP IN INDIA, 1st ed. 2017, Sage Publications India Pvt. Ltd.
 Reba Chaudburi, “The Story of the Indian Press”, THE ECONOMIC WEEKLY, Vol.
7, No. 9, 1955, pp. 347-349.
 Sevanti Ninan, Ch. I- “History of Indian Broadcasting Reform” CARDOZO
JOURNAL OF INTERNATIONAL AND CMPARATIVE LAW, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1997.
Module-II: Media vis-à-vis Freedom of Speech and Expression [Teaching Hours 20]
2.1 Media Regulation in Pre-Independence Era: Press Act 1799, Licensing Regulation
1823, Press Act 1835 (Metcalfe Act), Licensing Act 1857, The Press and Registration
of Books Act 1867, Vernacular Press Act 1878, Newspaper (Incitement to Offence)
Act 1908, Indian Press Act 1910, The Official Secrets Act 1923, Indian Press
(Emergency Powers) Act 1931.
2.2 Freedom of Speech and Expression: Right of Press; Free Speech and Media;
Freedom of Speech and Expression; Right to Know; Right to Advertise; Right to
Broadcast.
2.3 Reasonable Restrictions: Exercise of Restrictions; Security of State and Public
Order; Decency or Morality; Contempt of Court; Conflict between Freedom of Speech
and Expression versus Interests and Administration of Justice; Exceptions of

Page 4 of 10
 Contempt; Fair Comment and Innocent Publication; Defamation; Exceptions to
Defamation.
2.4 Right to Privacy: Right to Privacy vis-à-vis Freedom of Speech and Expression;
Privacy of Individuals (breach of privacy); Privacy and defamation; Sting Operations;
Publication of Information in the public domain.
2.5 Sedition and Media: Evolution, Object and Significance of Sedition Law;
Disaffection and Its Facets.
Statutory References
The Constitution of India
The Contempt of Courts Act 1971 (Act No. 70 of 1971)
Judicial References
Ajay Goswami v. Union of India (2007) 1 SCC 143
Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India 2020 SCC OnLine SC 25
Arnab Ranjan Goswami v. Union of India 2020 SCC OnLine SC
462
Bennett Coleman and Co. v. Union of India AIR 1973 SC 106
Branzburg v. Hayes 408 U.S. 665 (1972)
Common Cause v. Union of India (2015) 7 SCC 1
Hamdard Dawakhana v. Union of India AIR 1960 SC 554
Hindustan Times v. High Court of Allahabad (2011) 13 SCC 155
Hindustan Times v. State of U.P. (2003) 1 SCC 591
In Re Prashant Bhushan (2021) 3 SCC 160
Indian Express Newspapers v. Union of India (1985) 1 SCC 641
Kedar Nath Singh v State of Bihar AIR 1962 SC
995
LIC v. Manubhai D. Shah (1992) 3 SCC 637
Near v. Minnesota 283 US 697 (1931)
New York Times Co. v. Sullivan 376 US 254 (1964)
New York Times Co. v. United States 403 US 713 (1971)
Niharendu Dutt Majumdar v. The King Emperor AIR 1942 FC 22
Prabha Dutt v. Union of India 1982 SCR (1) 1184
R. Rajagopal v. State of Tamil Nadu (1994) 6 SCC 632
Rajat Prasad v. CBI (2014) 6 SCC 495
Romesh Thappar v. State Of Madras AIR 1950 SC 124
Sakal Papers Ltd. v. Union of India AIR 1962 SC 305
State of Bihar v. Shailabala Devi AIR 1952 SC 329
Swatanter Kumar v. The Indian Express Ltd. 2014 (207) DLT 221
Tata Press Ltd. v. Mahanagar Telephone Nigam Ltd. (1995) 5 SCC 139
Vinod Dua v. Union of India 2021 SCC OnLine SC 414
Virendra v. State of Punjab AIR 1957 SC 896
Yashwant Sinha v. CBI (2019) 6 SCC 1
Compulsory Readings
 Chitranshul Sinha, THE GREAT REPRESSION: THE STORY OF SEDITION IN
INDIA, 1st ed. 2019, Viking Press, New York (US).

Page 5 of 10
  D.D. Basu, LAW OF PRESS IN INDIA, 5th ed. 2010, LexisNexis.
 D.D. Basu, COMMENTARY ON THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, Vol. IV, 9 th ed.
2014, pp. 3650-3781, 3827-4034.
 H.M. Seervai, CONSTITUTIONAL LAW OF INDIA, Vol. I, 4 th ed. 1991, 15th rep.
2017, pp. 709-794.
 M.P. Jain, INDIAN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, 18th ed. 2018, 3rd rep. 2019, Ch. IV,
pp. 1030-1095.
 Madhavi Goradia Divan, FACETS OF MEDIA LAW, 2 nd ed. 2013, rep. 2018, Eastern
Book Company.
Suggested Readings
 Gautam Bhatia, OFFEND, SHOCK OR DISTURB: FREE SPEECH UNDER THE
INDIAN CONSTITUTION, 1st ed. 2016, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
 Jasleen Chahal and Ankit Malik, “Media Freedom and Right to Privacy: Bridging the
Gap”, ARMY INSTITUTE OF LAW JOURNAL, Vol. 12, 2019, pp. 106-117.
 K.D. Gaur, “Constitutional Rights and Freedom of Media in India”, JOURNAL OF
THE INDIAN LAW INSTITUTE, Vol. 36, No. 4, 1994, pp. 429-454.
 Pradyumna K. Tripathi, “Free Speech in the Indian Constitution: Background and
Prospect”, THE YALE LAW JOURNAL, Vol. 67, No. 3, 1958, pp. 384-400.
 Rajeev Dhavan, “Law of Press in India”, JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN LAW
INSTITUTE, Vol. 26, No. 3, 1984, pp. 288- 331.
 Rajeev Dhavan, “The Press and the Constitutional Guarantee of Free Speech and
Expression”, JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN LAW INSTITUTE, Vol. 28, No. 3, 1986,
pp. 299-335.
 Ram Jethmalani and D. S. Chopra, MEDIA LAW, 2nd ed. 2014.
 Sebastian Paul, LAW, ETHICS AND THE MEDIA, 3 rd ed. 2015, (Part II: Issues,
Problems and Solutions, 11-The Right to Privacy), pp. 110-123.
 Shameek Sen, “Right to Free Speech and Censorship: A Jurisprudential Analysis”,
JOURNAL OF THE INDIAN LAW INSTITUTE, Vol. 56, 2014, pp. 175-201.
 Subdanshu Ranjan, “Media and Judiciary: Revitilization of Democracy”, JOURNAL
OF THE INDIAN LAW INSTITUTE, Vol. 57, No. 2, 2015, pp. 415-436.
 Tripurdaman Singh, SIXTEEN STORMY DAYS: THE STORY OF THE FIRST
AMENDMENT TO THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, 1 st ed. 2020, Vintage Books,
New York (US).
 Vishal Sharma, “Regulatory Mechanism for Electronic Media: Protecting Freedom of
Speech from the Onslaught of Uncontrolled Media”, ILI LAW REVIEW, Vol. 2,
2018, pp. 16-30.
Module-III: Print and Broadcast Media Laws [Teaching Hours 17]
3.1 Press Council of India: Establishment of Press Council; Powers and Functions of
Press Council; Registration of Newspapers; Procedure for Newspaper Registration;
Rules of Publication of Newspaper.
3.2 Broadcast Media: Cinema-Means of Expression, Central Board of Film Certification;
Roles and Functions; Right to Entertain and Be Entertained; Right to Portray
Historical Events; Guiding Principles on Censorship; Private Broadcasting; Regulation
of Broadcasting; Sports Broadcasting in India.
3.3 Prasar Bharti: Establishment and Composition of Corporation; Functions and Powers
of Corporation; Regulation of Cable Television.

Page 6 of 10
3.4 Media and Intellectual Property Rights: Copyright vis-à-vis Freedom of Expression;
Copyright Issues in the Entertainment Industry; Publicity and Personality Rights of
Artists.
3.5 Self-Regulation Mechanism: Code of Ethics and Broadcasting Standards; Media and
Human Rights; News Broadcasters Association (NBA); Recommendations of Telecom
Regulatory Authority of India.
Statutory References
The Cable TV Networks (Regulation) Act 1995 (Act No. 07 of 1995)
The Cinematograph Act 1952 (Act No. 37 of 1952)
The Cinematography Act 1952 (Act No. 37 of 1957)
The Constitution of India
The Copyright Act 1957 (Act No. 14 of 1957)
The Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act 1986 (Act No. 60 of 1986)
The Information Technology Act 2000 (Act No. 21 of 2000)
The Parliamentary Proceedings (Protection of Publication) Act 1977 (Act No. 15 of 1977)
The Prasar Bharati (Broadcasting Corporation of India) Act 1990 (Act No. 25 of 1990)
The Press and Registration of Books Act 1867 (Act No. 25 of 1867)
The Press Council Act 1978 (Act No. 37 of 1978)
The Right to Information Act 2005 (Act No. 22 of 2005)
The Trade Marks Act 1999 (Act No. 47 of 1999)
The Young Persons (Harmful Publications) Act 1956 (Act No. 93 of 1956)
Judicial References
Aveek Sarkar v. State of West Bengal (2014) 4 SCC 257
Krishna Kishore Singh v. Sarla A. Saraogi 2021 SCC OnLine Del 3146
S. Sudin v. Union of India AIR 2015 Ker 49
Shreya Singhal v. Union of India (2015) 5 SCC 1
Secretary, Ministry of I &B v. CAB AIR 1995 SC 1236
Titan Industries Ltd. v. Ramkumar Jewellers 2012 SCC OnLine Del 2382
Compulsory Readings
 Madhavi Goradia Divan, FACETS OF MEDIA LAW, 2 nd ed. 2013, rep. 2018, Eastern
Book Company.
 M.P. Jain, INDIAN CONSTITUTIONAL LAW, 18th ed. 2018, 3rd rep. 2019, Ch. IV,
pp. 1080-1084.
 Sebastian Paul, LAW, ETHICS AND THE MEDIA, 3 rd ed. 2015, (Part I: Freedom of
the Press: What It Means), pp. 21-60; (Part II: Issues, Problems and Solutions, 13-
Obscenity, Harmful Publications), pp. 146-152.
Suggested Readings
 Chinmayi Arun, “Gatekeeper Liability and Article 19(1)(a) of the Constitution of
India”, NUJS LAW REVIEW, Vo. 7, No. 73, 2014, pp. 73-87.
 G.N. Ray, “Tabloidization and Page 3 Syndrome: Unethical Practices in Media”, 1
MLR, 2010, pp. 1-13.
 Girish Kumar R. and Relfi Paul, “Rights of Broadcasting Organizations: Do We Need
Legal Reform?”, INDIAN JOURNAL OF INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY LAW, pp.
87-101.

Page 7 of 10
  Latika Vashist, “Law and the Obscene Image: Reading Aveek Sarkar v. State of West
Bengal”, Vol. 5, pp. 248-255.
 Meera Mathew, “Media Self-Regulation in India: A Critical Analysis”, ILI LAW
REVIEW, 2016, pp. 25-37.
 Vishnu D. Sharma and F. Wooldridge, “The Law Relating to Obscene Publications in
India”, THE INTERNATIONAL AND COMPARATIVE LAW QUATERLY, Vol.
22, No. 4, 1973, pp. 632-647.
Module-IV: Media and Ethics [Teaching Hours 18]
4.1 Media Ethics and Journalistic Professionals: Social and Legal Responsibility of
Journalists; Professional Ethics in Media; Norms of Journalistic Conduct; Media
Accountability.
4.2 Obscenity and Censorship: Decency and Morality; Obscenity and Vulgarity; Tests of
Obscenity; Obscene Publications; Nature and Essentials of Obscene Publications:
Hicklin and Community Standards Test.
4.3 Advertising Ethics: Concept of Advertisement; Regulation of Advertising; Kinds of
Advertisements; the Advertising Standards Council of India; Restrictions on
Advertising.
4.4 Women and Media: Indecent Representation of Women in Media; Impact of Social
Media.
4.5 Journalism and Ethics: Yellow Journalism, Embedded Media, Post-Truth; Online
Journalism.
Statutory References
The Cine-workers and Cinema Theatre Workers (Regulation of Employment) Act 1981
(Act No. 50 of 1981)
The Constitution of India
The Drug and Magic Remedies (Objectionable Advertisements) Act 1954
(Act No. 21 of 1954)
The Indian Penal Code 1860 (Act No. 45 of 1860)
The Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1955 (Act No. 45 of 1955)
The Parliamentary Proceedings (Protection of Publication) Act 1977 (Act No. 15 of 1977)
The Press Council Act 1978 (Act No. 37 of 1978)
The Working Journalists and Other Newspaper Employees (Conditions of Service) and
Miscellaneous Provisions Act 1955 (Act No. 45 of 1955)
The Young Persons (Harmful Publications) Act 1956 (Act No. 93 of 1956)
Judicial References
ABP (P) Ltd. v. Union of India (2014) 3 SCC 327
Amish Devgan v. Union of India (2021) 1 SCC 1
Brij Bhushan v. State of Delhi AIR 1950 SC 129
Chief Election Commissioner of India v. M.R. Vijayabhaskar 2021 SCC OnLine SC 364
Destruction of Public and Private Properties v. State of Andhra Pradesh (2009) 5 SCC 212
Express Newspapers v. Union of India AIR 1958 SC 578
Jatish Chandra v. Hari Sadhan AIR 1951 SC 613
Jawaharlal Darda v. M G Kapsikar (1998) 4 SCC 112
M.S.M. Sharma v. Sri Krishna Sinha AIR 1959 SC 395

Page 8 of 10
Compulsory Readings
 D.D. Basu, COMMENTARY ON THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, Vol. IV, 9th ed.
2014, pp. 3783-3827, 4048-4075.
 Madhavi Goradia Divan, FACETS OF MEDIA LAW, 2 nd ed. 2013, rep. 2018, Eastern
Book Company.
Suggested Reading
 Naval Prabhakar and Narendra Basu, MEDIA ETHICS AND LAW, 2019,
Commonwealth Publishers Pvt. Ltd., Delhi.
 Sebastian Paul, LAW ETHICS AND THE MEDIA, 3rd ed. 2015, LexisNexis.
 Vidya Jain and Rashmi Jain (eds.), WOMEN, MEDIA AND VIOLENCE, 1 st ed.
2016, Rawat Publications, Jaipur, Section II- Media and Literary Reflections, pp. 75-
133.
Module-V: Contemporary Developments in Media [Teaching Hours 18]
5.1 Media and Elections: Paid News; Genesis of Paid News; Role of Media in Election
Campaigning; Opinion Polls and Exit Polls.
5.2 Media and National Security: Cyber Crimes; Terrorism; E-curfew and Right to
Internet; Role of Indian Media in Security Issues; Significance of Information in
Security.
5.3 Trial by Media: Media and Judiciary; Concept, Nature and Meaning of Trial by
Media; Impact of Pre-Trial Proceedings on the Judicial Minds; Media Trial and Fair
Trial; Constitution of India and Media Trial.
5.4 Foreign Media in India: Foreign Newspapers and Television broadcasting in India;
Issue related to Foreign Media Regulation.
5.5 Social Media: Access to Social Media; Hate Speech on Social Media; OTT Platform
and Regulation.
Law Commission Reports
 200 Report (2006) of the Law Commission entitled “Trial by Media: Free Speech vs.
Fair Trial under Criminal Procedure (Amendments to the Contempt of Court Act,
1971)”.
 47 Report (2012-13) of the Parliamentary Standing Committee on “Information
Technology, Issues Related to Paid News”.
Statutory References
The Constitution of India
The Information Technology Act 2000 (Act No. 21 of
2000)
Judicial References
Anuradha Bhasin v. Union of India 2020 SCC OnLine SC 25
Ashok Shankarrao Chavan v. Madhavrao Kinhalkar (2014) 7 SCC 99
Facebook Inc. v. Union of India 2019 SCC OnLine SC
1264
R. K. Anand v. Delhi High Court (2009) 8 SCC 106
Sahara India Real Estate Corpn. Ltd. v. SEBI (2012) 10 SCC 603
State of Maharashtra v. Rajendra Gandhi (1997) 8 SCC 386
Zahira Habibullah Sheikh v. State of Gujarat (2004) 4 SCC 158

Page 9 of 10
Compulsory Readings
 Madhavi Goradia Divan, FACETS OF MEDIA LAW, 2 nd ed. 2013, rep. 2018, Eastern
Book Company.
 Arpan Banerjee, “Judicial Safeguards Against Trial by Media: Should Blasi’s
Checking Value Theory Apply in India”, JOURNAL OF MEDIA LAW AND
ETHICS, Vol. 2, No.1-2, 2010, pp. 28-49.
 Sudhanshu Ranjan, “Media and Judiciary: Revitalization of Democracy”, JOURNAL
OF THE INDIAN LAW INSTITUTE, Vol. 57, No. 3, 2016, pp. 415- 436.
Suggested Readings
 Madabhushi Sridhar, “Tyranny over the Mind: Paid News as Electoral Crime”,
NALSAR LAW REVIEW, Vol. 7, No. 1, 2013, pp. 120- 144.
 N. Ram, “Foreign Media Entry into the Press: Issues and Implications”, ECONOMIC
AND POLITICAL WEEKLY, Vol. 29, No. 43, 1994, pp. 2787-2790.
***

Page 10 of 10
 LIST OF PRINTED SOURCES (Books)
 Abhinav Chandrachud, REPUBLIC OF RHETORIC: FREE SPEECH AND THE
CONSTITUTION OF INDIA, 1st ed. 2017, Penguin Random House India, New Delhi.
 B. Manna, MASS MEDIA AND RELATED LAWS IN INDIA, 2 nd ed. 2006,
Academic Publishers, Kolkata.
 D.D. Basu, LAW OF PRESS IN INDIA, 5th ed. 2010, Lexis Nexis, New Delhi.
 Gautam Bhatia, OFFEND, SHOCK OR DISTURB: FREE SPEECH UNDER THE
INDIAN CONSTITUTION, 1st ed. 2016, Oxford University Press, New Delhi.
 Lalit Bhasin, MEDIA WORLD AND THE LAW, 1 st ed. 2010, Universal Law
Publishing, New Delhi.
 M. Neelamalar, MEDIA LAW AND ETHICS, 2 nd ed. 2009, PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd,
Delhi.
 Madabhushi Sridhar, LAW OF EXPRESSION, 1st ed. 2007, Asian Law House,
Hyderabad.
 Maya Ranganathan and Usha M. Rodrigues, INDIAN MEDIA IN A GLOBALISED
WORLD, 1st. ed. 2010, Sage India, New Delhi.
 Soli J. Sorabjee, THE LAW OF PRESS CENSORSHIP IN INDIA, 1 st ed. 1976, N.M.
Tripathi Pvt. Ltd., Mumbai.
***

Page 11 of 10