Mrs Almas murad
RN,RM,Post RN,BSCN.
PG DIP,HRM and HAM
By the end of session, learners will be able to:
Discuss Evolution of Health Policy of Pakistan
Discuss burden of disease in Pakistan and other
issues in details
Policies are set principles, guidelines and
objectives to guide activities whether at
organizational, sectoral, national or international
levels.
Or
A plan of action adopted or pursued by an
individual ,government ,party or business etc
Health policy can be defined as the "decisions,
plans, and actions that are undertaken to
achieve specific health care goals within a
society.
Or
A set of decisions or commitments to pursue
course of action aimed at achieving goals for
improving health.
The main objectives of Health Policy are:
To increase the chances of survival at birth and
also increase active life expectancy
To ensure the quality of life
To develop stewardship by people for their own
health
1947-1955 (Initial Phase):
Replenishment of staff
BCG vaccination campaign
02 medical colleges
1955-1960(1st five year plan):
06 New medical colleges, Nursing school was
attached to each of these medical colleges
1960 – 1965(2nd Five year plan)
Medical Reform Commission
Rural Health Center scheme to cover 50000
population by each unit
Family planning program
Malaria eradication
1965-1970 (3rd Five year plan):
Tuberculosis Control Program
Small pox eradication programs
1970-1975 (4th Five year plan):
Major infrastructure of the public health care
system was set up in the 1970s
Quota of medicines was substantially increased
for major hospitals
Diarrhea and pneumonia control programs
1978-1983(5th five year plan)
6 new medical colleges
3 new nursing schools
1 public health school
Programs to combat malnutrition, food
adulteration & industrial hygiene
National institute of Health(To monitor above
programs)
An expanded program of immunization
Malaria control program
Tuberculosis control program
1983-1988 (6th five year plan)
Extensive rural development program, provided
sound base for health for all by year 2000
1988-1993(7th five year plan)
Basic Health Units
Rural Health Centers
MCH services, Family health projects
“Primary healthcare strategy adopted as
integral part of health care system”
1993-1998(8th five year plan)
Health management information system(HMIS)
Social action program (SAP)
Prime Minister Program for Family Planning &
Primary Health Care
1998-2003(9th five year plan)
Public private partnership
Privatization of health facilities
New Health Policy 2001 considers health sector
investment as a part of Government’s Poverty
Alleviation Plan
2003-2008(10th five year plan)
Reducing gender gaps in literacy
MMR to be reduced from 4 per 1000 (1999-200)
to 2 per 1000 in 2007
Cleaning of major polluted rivers
Flood control management and development
Research and development of water sector
institutes
Environmental aspects
2009-2014(11th five year plan)
Adopt appropriate health technology to deliver
health services
Human resources development and
management
Enhancement of health budget
Development and provision of an essential
health services package
Generate reliable health information to manage
and evaluate health services
Pakistan is facing a double burden of disease (BoD),
with endemicity of hepatitis B and C with 7.6% affected
individuals; the 5th highest tuberculosis burden in the
world, and focal geographical area of malaria
endemicity.
The overall HIV prevalence of 21.0%, although 77.0% of
those who inject drugs are using sterile injecting
equipment. Estimated antiretroviral therapy coverage is
9.0%. In addition, the country has high rates of
unscreened blood transfusions.
Drug-resistant tuberculosis is estimated at 4.3%
among new cases and 19.0% among previously
treated cases.
High government commitment and partners
engagement resulted in a dramatic drop in the
number of polio cases to only 08 cases reported
from 7 districts in 2017, as compared to 20
cases from 14 districts in the preceding year.
Non-Communicable Disease along with Injuries
and Mental health now constitute the other half
of BoD.
Injuries account for more than 11% of the total
BoD, and are likely to rise with increasing road
traffic, urbanization and conflict.
Pakistan is ranked 7th in the world for diabetes
prevalence.
One in four adults over 18 years of age is
hypertensive, coupled with elevated smoking
levels.
Disability due to blindness or other causes is
also high, and services for disabled population
are limited, including provision of assist devices
to improve their quality of life.
Maternal deaths prevail due to preventable
causes such as sepsis and hemorrhage,
combined with high neonatal mortality rates.
In young children, diarrhea and respiratory
illness remain as the major killers.
The estimated prevalence of various forms of
malnutrition conditions in children under 5 years
is: 31.6% underweight, 10.5% wasting, 3.3%
severe wasting, 45.0% stunting and 4.8%
overweight.
Natural disasters (Earthquake,Floods)
The emergence of new diseases
Water problem
Birth related problems
Geriatric problems
Psychiatric problem
Migration
Environmental hygiene
Availability and quality of health services
