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2024 PHSC GR11 Experiment 1

This document outlines a Grade 11 physical sciences experiment designed to verify Newton's Second Law of Motion by examining the relationship between applied force and acceleration with a constant mass. It includes a detailed introduction, apparatus list, method, and sections for recording experimental results and analysis. The experiment involves measuring the time taken for a trolley to travel a set distance while varying the mass attached to it.

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33 views5 pages

2024 PHSC GR11 Experiment 1

This document outlines a Grade 11 physical sciences experiment designed to verify Newton's Second Law of Motion by examining the relationship between applied force and acceleration with a constant mass. It includes a detailed introduction, apparatus list, method, and sections for recording experimental results and analysis. The experiment involves measuring the time taken for a trolley to travel a set distance while varying the mass attached to it.

Uploaded by

estherdibakoane6
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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1

Mopani District

Physical Sciences

Grade 11

Prescribed Experiment 01

TITLE: THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN APPLIED FORCE AND


ACCELERATION OF AN OBJECT WHEN THE MASS IS
CONSTANT. ( NEWTON’S 2ND LAW OF MOTION)

Surname

Names

Name of School

Date

Learner’s Marks:

25
2

Introduction

This experiment is a verification of Newton’s Second Law of Motion. This law relates the
acceleration to the mass of the object. In this experiment the gravitational force acting on
the hanging mass is used to propel a trolley tied to a string.
From the equation of motion: Δx = viΔt + ½aΔt2

If the trolley starts from rest, then Δx = ½aΔt2

2∆X
a =
∆t2

Apparatus:

Trolley, runway, hanging mass, 4 × 1.0 kg mass pieces, meter ruler, triple beam
balance (or mass meter), stopwatch, laboratory bench (table), wedges, Newton scale
spring balance, string and pulleys.

Experimental Set-up

Trolley
A BD
Runway track

D C
A B
1m

Laboratory Sand Bags


bench
3

Method

1. Tilt the runway just enough to let the trolley run down at a constant speed without
the hanging mass attached.
2. Set out a distance of 1.0 m on the runway, use chalk-marks on the side of the
runway, to mark points A and B.
3. Set up the apparatus as shown in the diagram above.
4. Measure the mass of the mass hanger.
5. Attach the mass hanger.
6. Release the trolley and simultaneously start the stopwatch and stop the
stopwatch when the trolley passes point B.
7. Record the time taken. Repeat three times and determine the average time
taken.
8. Record the measurements in the appropriate table.
9. Add two slotted mass pieces to the mass hanger and repeat the above
procedure from steps 6 to 8
10. Continue adding slotted mass pieces until you have added at least six repeating
the procedure from steps 6 to 8 each time.

1. Label the following in the diagram shown in the experimental setup.

1.1. Name the object labelled A. (1)

1.2. Name the object labelled B. (1)

1.3. Name the object labelled C. (1)

1.4. Name the object labelled D. (1)

2. Experimental Results

Tabulate your measurements in the table below.

Mass Δt from A to B (s) Average Acceleration Applied


Δt (s) Δx (m) (m/s2) Force (N)
Kg 1 2 3
Hanger only
Hanger +
2 mass piece
Hanger +
4 mass pieces
Hanger +
6 mass pieces
(4)
4

Questions and Analysis

3. In this experiment identify the:

3.1 independent variable (1)

(1)
3.2 dependent variable

4. Why is the trolley tilted rather than leaving it lying horizontally? (2)

5 Mention two ways in which the effects of friction can be minimized in the
experiment. (2)

6. Calculate the applied force in N. Show all calculations in the space below.
Record the values in the appropriate column in the table. (4)
5

7. Calculate the acceleration in in m/s2, and record the values in the appropriate
column in the table of results. Show all calculations (4)

8. Write down the conclusion of the experiment:

a) In words (2)

b) as a mathematical relation (1)

TOTAL MARK [25]

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