ALFRED NZO EAST DISTRICT

COMPILED MATERIAL

GRADE 12
TRIGONOMETRY

Bathong! Asseblief go through this topic thoroughly, Most

of marks are allocated here.
SPECIAL ANGLES
CONTENT TO BE COVERED

ACTIVITY 1
ACTIVITY 1
3
1.1.IF 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 = 5 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴 < 0 determine with the aid of a diagram and without the use of a
calculator the value(s) of the following.

1.1.1 sin (−𝐴) (2) 1.1.2 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝐴 (3)

√15
1.2 Given that: 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 = and 00 ≤ 2𝑥 ≤ 900 . Determine with the aid of a diagram and
𝑥
without using a calculator the value of 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥. (5)
5
1.3 If 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 = − , where 2𝑥[1800 ; 2700 ], calculate with the aid of a diagram and without
6
using a calculator the value(s) of the following in simplest form.

1.3.1𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 (4) 1.3.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 (3) 1.3.3𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 (3)

−3
1.4 If 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 = , where 𝐴 ∈ [900 , 2700 ] Determine using a diagram, without the use of a
7
calculator, the value of sin (𝑥 + 300 (4)

1.5 If 12𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛽 − 5 = 0 and 900 < 𝛽 < 3600 , determine the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛽 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽 with the
aid of the sketch and without the use of a calculator. (5)
−3
1.6 If 𝜃 is a reflex angle and 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = , with the aid of a sketch determine the value(s) of
4
the following without the use of a calculator.

1.6.1𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 (2) 1.6.2 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 (3) 1.6.3 cos (𝜃 + 300 ) (3)

1.7 If 5𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 + 2√6 = 0 and 00 < 𝜃 < 2700 , with the aid of a diagram determine and
without the use of a calculator, Determine the value of the following:

1.7.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 (2) 1.7.2 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (1)

1.8 4𝑡𝑎𝑛𝜃 = 3 , and 1800 < 𝜃 < 3690 , Determine with the aid of a diagram:

1.8.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (4) 1.8.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 (2) 1.8.3 sin (𝜃 + 300 ) (3)
2
1.9 If 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 = 3 , where 900 ≤ 𝜃 ≤ 2700 . Determine the following with the aid of the
diagram:

1.9.1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (2) 1.9.2 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝜃 (3) 1.9.3 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝜃 (3)

1.10 5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 3 = 0 and 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 > 0 , Determine the following with the aid of a diagram:

1.10.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃 + 1 (2) 1.10.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 (2) 1.10.3 tan (1800 + 𝜃) (3)
ACTIVITY 2

2.1 If 𝑠𝑖𝑛540 = 𝑝 , express each of the following in terms of 𝑝, without using a calculator:

2.1.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛2940 (2) 2.1.2 𝑐𝑜𝑠360 (2) 2.1.3 𝑐𝑜𝑠180 (4)

2.2 If 𝑡𝑎𝑛580 = 𝑚 , Determine the following in terms of 𝑚 without using a calculator:

2.2.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛580 (2) 2.2.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛2960 (3) 2.2.3 𝑐𝑜𝑠20 (3)

2.3 If 𝑠𝑖𝑛380 = 𝑞 , write the following in terms of 𝑞, without the use of a calculator:

2.3.1 𝑐𝑜𝑠2180 (3) 2.3.2 𝑐𝑜𝑠140 (3) 2.3.3 𝑠𝑖𝑛260 𝑐𝑜𝑠260 (2)

2.4 Write the following in terms of 𝑠𝑖𝑛250 :

2.4.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛3350 (2) 2.4.2 𝑐𝑜𝑠500 (2) 2.4.3 𝑐𝑜𝑠2050 (2)

2.5 Given: 𝑐𝑜𝑠420 = √𝑘 , determine the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 690 in terms of 𝑘. (3)

2.6 If 𝑠𝑖𝑛480 = 𝑡 , Determine the following in terms of 𝑡:

2.6.1 𝑐𝑜𝑠2280 (2) 2.6.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛960 (3) 2.6.3 𝑐𝑜𝑠60 (4)

1
2.7 If 𝑐𝑜𝑠260 = 𝑝 , Determine the following in terms of 𝑝:

2.7.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛260 (2) 2.7.2 𝑐𝑜𝑠520 (3) 2.7.3 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 640 (𝑝 + 𝑝) (4)

2.8 𝑐𝑜𝑠260 = 𝑝 , express each of the following in terms of 𝑝:

2.8.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛260 (2) 2.8.2 𝑡𝑎𝑛1540 (3) 2.8.3 𝑠𝑖𝑛130 𝑐𝑜𝑠130 (3)

2.9 Given that: 𝑐𝑜𝑠350 = 𝑚 , Determine the following in terms of 𝑚 :

2.9.1 𝑐𝑜𝑠2150 (2) 2.9.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛200 (3) 2.9.3 𝑠𝑖𝑛700 (3)

2.10 If 𝑐𝑜𝑠220 = 𝑝 , determine the following in terms of 𝑝 without using a calculator:

2.10.1 𝑐𝑜𝑠1580 (2) 2.10.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛1120 (2) 2.10.3 𝑠𝑖𝑛380 (4)

2.11Express each of the following in terms of 𝑠𝑖𝑛110 :

2.11.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛1910 (2) 2.11.2 𝑐𝑜𝑠220 (2) 2.11.3 𝑠𝑖𝑛680 (3)

2.12.1 Given: 𝑠𝑖𝑛260 = 𝑚 , Determine 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 770 in terms of 𝑚. (4)

2.13 𝑐𝑜𝑠220 = 𝑝 and 𝑠𝑖𝑛380 = 𝑞 , Determine the following in terms of 𝑝 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑞:

2.13.1 𝑠𝑖𝑛680 (2) 2.13.2 𝑐𝑜𝑠160 (4) 2.13.3 𝑠𝑖𝑛520 (3)

ACTIVITY 3

3.1 In the diagram below point 𝑃(𝑘 , 8) lies on the first quadrant such the OP=17 units

And 𝑇𝑂̂𝑃 = 𝛼 as shown below:

3.1.1 Determine the value of k. (2)

3.1.2 Write down the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝛼 (1)

3.1.3 If it is farther given that 𝛼 + 𝛽 = 1800 , Determine 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛽. (2)

3.1.3 Hence determine the value of sin (𝛽 + 𝛼) (4)

3.2 In the diagram bellow reflex angle, 𝑇𝑂̂𝑃 = 𝛼 and 𝑃 has coordinates 𝑃(−5 , −12)

Determine the value of the following without the use of a calculator:

3.2.1 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼 (3) 3.2.2 tan (1800 + 𝛼) (2) 3.2.3 sin (300 − 𝛼) (3)
3.3 In the diagram bellow, 𝑇(𝑥 , 𝑝) is a point in the third quadrant and it is given that
𝑝
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝛼 =
√1+𝑝2

3.3.1 Show that 𝑥 = −1 (3)

3.3.2 Write cos (1800 + 𝛼) (2)

1−𝑝2
3.3.3 Show that 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝛼 can be written as: (3)
1+𝑝2

3.4 In the diagram bellow, reflex angle 𝑋𝑂̂𝑃 = 𝜃. 𝑃 is a point 𝑃(−12 , 𝑡) and 𝑂𝑃 = 13𝑐𝑚

Calculate the following without using a calculator:

3.4.1 The value of 𝑡. (3)

3.4.2 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃. (1)

1−𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃
3.4.3 (3)
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
3.5 In the diagram bellow 𝐷𝑂̂𝑃 = 900 . The angle OP makes with the 𝑥 − 𝑎𝑥𝑒𝑠 𝑖𝑠 𝜃. Given
D(𝑏 , 4) P(6 , 𝑎) and 5𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 − 2 = 0.

y
D(b, 4) P(6 , a)

𝜃 𝑥
0

Determine without using a calculator, the numerical value of the following

3.5.1 𝑎 (3)

3.5.2 𝑏 (4)

3.6 In the diagram bellow, 𝑅(−√𝑝, √𝑝 − 3 ) is a point on the cartesian plane, 𝑅𝑂̂ 𝑋 = 𝜃

3.6.1 Express 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝜃 in terms of 𝑝 (5)

3.6.2 Hence for which values of 𝑝 will 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜃 will be undefined (2)
1
3.6.3 Determine in terms of 𝑝 if it is given that 𝛼 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝜃 are supplementary. (2)
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝛼
ACTIVITY 4
4.1 SIMPIFY THE FOLLOWING WITHOUT THE USE OF A CALCULATOR:

4.1.1 sin(5400 − 𝑥) . sin(−𝑥) − cos(1800 − 𝑥) . sin (900 + 𝑥) (6)

cos൫1800 −𝜃൯.𝑠𝑖𝑛500
4.1.2 (7)
tan(900 −𝜃).cos (1400 )

tan൫1800 +𝐴൯.cos൫1800 −𝐴൯.sin (3600 −𝐴)

4.1.3 (6)
cos (900 −𝐴)

4 cos(−𝑥).cos (900 −𝑥)

4.1.4 (6)
sin(300 −𝑥).𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥+cos(300 −𝑥)𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

4𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
4.1.5 (3)
2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥−1

sin൫𝑥−3600 ൯.cos (900 +𝑥)

4.1.6 (6)
cos(900 −𝑥).tan (−𝑥)

4.1.7 sin(1800 − 𝑥) . cos(−𝑥) + cos(900 + 𝑥) . cos (𝑥 − 1800 ) (6)

𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
4.1.8 + sin(180 + 𝑥 ) . cos (900 − 𝑥) (5)
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥

𝑐𝑜𝑠1400 −sin (900 −𝑥)

4.1.9 (6)
𝑠𝑖𝑛4100 +cos (−𝑥)

4.1.10 cos(𝑥 + 650 ) . cos(𝑥 + 200 ) − sin(𝑥 + 2450 ) . sin (𝑥 + 200 ) (4)

tan൫1800 +𝑥൯.𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥
4.1.11 (6)
sin(1800 +𝑥).𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥−cos(5400 +𝑥).cos (900 +𝑥)

4.1.12 sin(9000 − 𝑥) . cos(−𝑥) − sin(𝑥 − 1800 ) . sin (900 + 𝑥) (6)

cos൫1800 +𝑥൯.tan൫3600 −𝑥൯.𝑠𝑖𝑛2 ൫900 −𝑥൯

4.1.13 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 (6)
sin (1800 −𝑥)

sin൫3600 −2𝑥൯.sin (−𝑥)

4.1.14 + 2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (1800 + 𝑥) (6)
sin (900 +𝑥)

sin(−2𝑥).(1−𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥)
4.1.15 (6)
sin(900 +𝑥).𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥
4.2 SIMPLIFY THE FOLLOWING WITHOUT THE USE OF A CALCULATOR
𝑠𝑖𝑛104 0 (2𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 150 −1)
4.2.1 (6)
𝑡𝑎𝑛380 .𝑠𝑖𝑛4120

0 0
4.2.2 √4𝑠𝑖𝑛150 . 23𝑡𝑎𝑛225 (4)
𝑐𝑜𝑠1600 .𝑡𝑎𝑛2000
4.2.3 (6)
2sin (−100 )

4.2.4 𝑐𝑜𝑠3500 . 𝑠𝑖𝑛400 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠4400 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠400 (5)

4𝑠𝑖𝑛150 𝑐𝑜𝑠150
4.2.5 (3)
2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 150 −1

𝑐𝑜𝑠3300 .𝑠𝑖𝑛1400
4.2.6 (8)
sin(−1600 ).𝑡𝑎𝑛4050 .𝑠𝑖𝑛2900

−2𝑠𝑖𝑛2250 .𝑐𝑜𝑠3150
4.2.7 (6)
𝑠𝑖𝑛1200 .𝑡𝑎𝑛5700 .𝑐𝑜𝑠3000

𝑐𝑜𝑠990 𝑠𝑖𝑛990
4.2.8 0
− (6)
𝑐𝑜𝑠33 𝑠𝑖𝑛330

2𝑐𝑜𝑠2850 .𝑐𝑜𝑠150
4.2.9 (5)
cos(450 −𝑥).𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥−sin(450 −𝑥).𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

𝑠𝑖𝑛2 350 −𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 350

4.2.10 (4)
4𝑠𝑖𝑛100 𝑐𝑜𝑠100

4.2.11 𝑠𝑖𝑛200 . 𝑐𝑜𝑠3200 + cos(−200 ) . 𝑠𝑖𝑛4000 (3)

4.2.12 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 200 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 700 (3)
2𝑠𝑖𝑛1650 .𝑐𝑜𝑠1950
4.2.13 (5)
𝑐𝑜𝑠450 𝑠𝑖𝑛150 −𝑐𝑜𝑠150 𝑠𝑖𝑛450

4.2.14 𝑐𝑜𝑠150 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠750 (4)

1
4.2.15 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 = , Calculate the value of 𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥. (6)
3

4.2.16 Find the value of 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 if the distance between 𝐴(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 , 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥) 𝐵(6, 7) is
√86 𝑢𝑛𝑖𝑡𝑠. (5)
ACTIVITY 5 (PROOF OF IDENTITIES)
5.1 Use the formula of cos(𝐴 − 𝐵) to derive sin (𝐴 − 𝐵) (4)
5.2 Use the formula of cos (𝑥 − 𝑦) to derive sin (𝑥 + 𝑦) (4)
5.3 𝑃𝑟𝑜𝑣𝑒 𝑡ℎ𝑎𝑡: sin(𝐴 − 𝐵) − sin(𝐴 + 𝐵) = −2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵 (2)
5.4 cos(𝐴 − 𝐵) − cos(𝐴 + 𝐵) = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐵 (3)
5.5 cos(𝑃 + 𝑄) + cos(𝑃 − 𝑄) = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑄 (2)
𝑠𝑖𝑛7𝑥+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
5.6 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥 (4)
2𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥−𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛3𝑥
5.7 − 1 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 (5)
𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥

5.8 𝑠𝑖𝑛9𝐴 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝐴 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝐴𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝐴 (4)

5.9 𝑠𝑖𝑛770 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛430 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛170 (4)
𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥−𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥
5.10 = 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 (4)
𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥+𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥
𝑠𝑖𝑛9𝐴−𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝐴 1
5.11 =− (5)
𝑐𝑜𝑠9𝐴−𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝐴 𝑡𝑎𝑛7𝐴

5.12 𝑐𝑜𝑠5𝑥 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠15𝑥 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛10𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛5𝑥 (3)

𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥
5.13 − = 2𝑡𝑎𝑛2𝑥 (5)
𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥−𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥+𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥

sin(900 +𝑥).𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥.tan (−𝑥)

5.14 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 (4)
cos (1800 +𝑥)

𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 (900 +𝑥) 1

5.15 = −1 (6)
cos(−𝑥)+sin(900 −𝑥).𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥

1
5.16 sin(𝑥 + 640 ) . cos(𝑥 + 3790 ) + sin(𝑥 + 190 ) . cos(𝑥 + 2440 ) = (6)
√2
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥+1 1
5.17 = 1 (5)
𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥.𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥−
2

5.18 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = ට𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + √𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + √𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + ⋯ , with 𝑥 ∈ [00 , 900 ]

Prove that: 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 = 𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥(𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 1) (5)

ACTIVITY 6: GENERAL SOLUTION
1
6.1 𝑐𝑜𝑠 2 𝑥 − 𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 = (4)
2

6.2 If P and Q are both acute angles, solve for P and Q IF

1 1
𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑃𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑄 − 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑃𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑄 = $ sin(𝑃 − 𝑄) = (7)
2 2

6.3 Calculate the value of 𝑥 if 2 sin(3𝑥 + 200 ) = 2𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 (6)

1
6.4 𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥 ቀ − 1ቁ = 0 (4)
𝑡𝑎𝑛2 𝑥

6.5 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 − 5𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 2 = 0 (6)

6.6 𝐶𝑜𝑛𝑠𝑖𝑑𝑒𝑟:
𝑓(𝑥) = sin(2𝑥 + 400 ) . cos(𝑥 + 300 ) − cos(2𝑥 + 400 ) . sin (𝑥 + 300 )
6.6.1 Write to a single trig ratio (3)
6.6.2 Hence determine the general solution if 𝑓(𝑥) = cos (2𝑥 − 200 ) (6)
6.7 𝑓(𝑥) = sin(𝑥 + 250 ) . 𝑐𝑜𝑠150 − cos(𝑥 + 250 ) . 𝑠𝑖𝑛150
6.7.1 Determine the general solution if 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑡𝑎𝑛1650 (6)
6.7.2 Determine the values of 𝑥 for which 𝑓 will have a minimum value.
In the interval, 𝑥 ∈ (00 ; 3600 ) (3)

6.8 Solve for 𝑥 if 10𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥 + 10𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥+1 = 110 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑥 ∈ [−3600 , 3600 ] (5)
6.9 6𝑠𝑖𝑛2 𝑥 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 − 3 = 0 (6)
6.10 4 + 7𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠2𝑥 = 0 (6)
6.11 𝑐𝑜𝑠4𝑥𝑐𝑜𝑠𝑥 + 𝑠𝑖𝑛𝑥𝑠𝑖𝑛4𝑥 = −0,7 (4)
6.12 𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 = 2𝑠𝑖𝑛2𝑥 (7)
6.13 32𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥 − 3𝑡𝑎𝑛𝑥+1 = 54 (5)
6.14 𝑓(𝑥) = sin(𝑥 − 300 ) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑔(𝑥) = 𝑐𝑜𝑠3𝑥 , solve for 𝑥 if 𝑓(𝑥) = 𝑔(𝑥)
For 𝑥 ∈ [−600 , 1800 ] (7)