Polity Governance Ethics
1 Governance :
,
,
in
P: Prelims ; M Mains
Conceptual
:
C =
;
Theme
-
: Intro to Law 2
Policy
Law and
Policy Landscape [C]
Topic 1 :
Topic 2 :
Meaning
and Sources
f Law [C]
--
[C + P]
Topic 3 :
Legal Systems Laws [C]
Topic 4 :
Classification of
Rule Law (c + P + M]
Topic
5 :
of
Constitutional Law Constitution
Constitutionalism , ,
[c + P + M]
Topic 6 :
[C PJ
Systems
+
to State
Topic7
:
Approaches
[C P)
State/Polity
+
the Indian
Topics
:
Layout of
[C]
Nomenclature and Writing
Topic
9 :
Legal
[P+M
and Conblutional
History
----
India's Legal
Topic
10 :
[c P)
Majorities
+
Topic
11 :
(c + P]
of Majorities
to
Types /Laws
.
Topic
12 :
Application
Indian Polity [C +P + M]
Topic 13 :
Golden
Rules
f
Mains Answer
Topic
14 : Prelims
Approaches &
Writing
structures . [P+ MJ
Topic 1
-
: &
Policy Landscape
ETY
-
TERMS
ideas plans
used as a basis
for making
Policy
or
A set
:
of economics , or business
decisions
especially
in politics ,
.
Reimbursement
eg
= Amazon's refund policy , policy of
medical insurance
company
a
.
ideas actions , plans that the
government
Policy
ble's A set
& :
of ,
wishes to implement in
such as
many ways
,
institutions -
passing of laws
, selling up of
formulating rules/guidelines providing schemes
-
.
etc
,
eg-National Education Policy
Polity
-
: A distinct organised political unit
consisting of
and administrative . The
legal frameworks study of
India's
Indian
polity
includes the
study of
and structures
essential laws ,
political systems ,
institutional bodies administrative etc
.
, processes
f India
# The Constitution
is one
of laws
(although most imp)
that governs the Indian
Polity
Governance : The manner in which a
government or a
rested
governing authority
it's
powers
-
uses
to achieve desired objectives .
eg CorporateGovernan ne e
good Governance : The manner
in which governmental
-
executed is based
decisions are made and
true and alturistic principles
on
universally
transparency accountability
such as .
etc
,
eg-2-tenders ,
RTI
egovernance , , Citizen Charters
-
Law
of
:: sources
-
->
S ↓ -
Judicial Legislation
Customs
Precedent
CUSTOMS : -
Oldest and most
important source
be recognised
as law
valid custom than can
+ Essentials of a
Reasonable
① Existence & Continuous Practice ⑤
Long
④ Mars
support⑪ Unambigious Inherently legal
in India)
/Personal laws governing Mariages
law ;
JUDICIAL PRECEDENT : -
Independent
source
of
doctrine)
-
Latin "Stave Decisis" (also a
① origin from phrase -
with similar to be
in
previous matter facts
② judgement
A
to future
recuring
.
cases
applied
③ Judgement-Fact
-key
Uses I law-Ratio Decidenti (Binding)
/other Observations-obter Dicta (Not binding
Arguments
made
by [ generally
on
,
mosts
lower courts in
judgements
Jadia
are
binding)
lawyers
⑤ All
higher
court
judgements
are not
necessarily binding on
lower courts
⑤ This does not mean the courts cannot eveluve their opinion
or
interpretations
count to lower count
.
higher
a
⑧ from
Mostly applies
LEGISLATION
-
Latum'
Latin Words -'Leg's'
① originated from
↓ ↓
Lau Make/set
② law wherein a
competent authority
such as
source
of
makes rules
the Parliament
the law
③ It includes the intent
and expression of
whether the
law is eventually
making ,
authority
made or not.
with
the common law
system
INDIA
Majorly following
:
and
some diluted features of
continental law very
limited welfare features
f socialist
legal system
Iaudiwal ine
Review Tribunals
-Judicial
CamaS
ma
to
qualifications
-Legal
become a
judge -
~Neutral judge
features
-LegislativeParliament
to
power in India
&
the
LEGAL SYSTEM
INTERNATIONAL
and
need for international peace 2
scurity
-
Geopolitics ,
,
necessitated international
globalisation has an
legal
system
.
S
·
↓ -> ILATERALL
MULTILATERAL
DOCUMENTS ORGAMISATIONS
~ Freetrade
- Treaties ruN
-Conventions ~Er
agreements
- Extradition
~ SAARC
~Covenants ·
treaties
-QUAD
~Declarations
~1202
~ Protocol
-w To
-Agreements - rUNCLOS
# Er is the most
sophisticated
international
legal
Parliament Court, Laws ,
with
European
a ,
system
and Economicrub-regions (EU-EEA-Eurozone) .
