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AP Physics 2:
®

Algebra-Based
Practice Exam
Commercial use may lead to legal actions.

From the 2016 Administration

NOTE: This is a modified version of the 2016 AP Physics 2: Algebra-Based Exam.

This exam may not be posted on school or personal websites, nor

electronically redistributed for any reason. This Released Exam is provided by
the College Board for AP Exam preparation. Teachers are permitted to download the
materials and make copies to use with their students in a classroom setting only. To
maintain the security of this exam, teachers should collect all materials after their
administration and keep them in a secure location.
Further distribution of these materials outside of the secure College Board
site disadvantages teachers who rely on uncirculated questions for
classroom testing. Any additional distribution is in violation of the College Board’s
copyright policies and may result in the termination of Practice Exam access for your
school as well as the removal of access to other online services such as the AP
Teacher Community and Online Score Reports.

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Contents

Exam Instructions

Student Answer Sheet for the Multiple-Choice Section

Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions

Section II: Free-Response Questions

Multiple-Choice Answer Key

Free-Response Scoring Guidelines

Scoring Worksheet
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Question Descriptors and Performance Data

Note: This publication shows the page numbers that appeared in

the 2015−16 AP Exam Instructions book and in the actual exam.
This publication was not repaginated to begin with page 1.

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Exam Instructions
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The following contains instructions taken from

the 2015−16 AP Exam Instructions book.

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AP® Physics 1: Algebra-Based Exam
Regularly Scheduled Exam Date: Tuesday afternoon, May 3, 2016
Late-Testing Exam Date: Thursday afternoon, May 19, 2016
Section I Total Time: 1 hr. 30 min. Section II Total Time: 1 hr. 30 min.

AP® Physics 2: Algebra-Based Exam

Regularly Scheduled Exam Date: Wednesday afternoon, May 4, 2016
Late-Testing Exam Date: Friday morning, May 20, 2016
Section I Total Time: 1 hr. 30 min. Section II Total Time: 1 hr. 30 min.

Section I Total Time: 1 hour 30 minutes Section II Total Time: 1 hour 30 minutes
Calculator allowed Calculator allowed
Number of Questions: 50* Number of Questions Physics 1: 5
Percent of Total Score: 50% Number of Questions Physics 2: 4
Writing Instrument: Pencil required Percent of Total Score: 50%
*The number of questions may vary slightly Writing Instrument: Pen with black or
depending on the form of the exam. dark blue ink, or pencil
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What Proctors Need to Bring to This Exam

• Exam packets • Container for students’ electronic
• Answer sheets devices (if needed)
• AP Student Packs • Extra No. 2 pencils with erasers
• 2015-16 AP Coordinator’s Manual • Extra pens with black or dark blue ink
• This book — AP Exam Instructions • Extra paper
• AP Exam Seating Chart template(s) • Stapler
• School Code and Home-School/Self- • Watch
Study Codes • Signs for the door to the testing room
• Extra calculators – “Exam in Progress”
• Extra rulers or straightedges – “Cell phones are prohibited in the
• Pencil sharpener testing room”

Students are permitted to use rulers, straightedges, and four-function, scientific, or graphing
calculators for these entire exams (Sections I and II). Before starting the exam administration,
make sure each student has an appropriate calculator, and any student with a graphing calculator
has a model from the approved list on page 47 of the 2015-16 AP Coordinator’s Manual. See
pages 44–47 of the AP Coordinator’s Manual for more information. If a student does not have an
appropriate calculator or has a graphing calculator not on the approved list, you may provide one
from your supply. If the student does not want to use the calculator you provide or does not want
to use a calculator at all, he or she must hand copy, date, and sign the release statement on page 45
of the AP Coordinator’s Manual.

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AP Exam Instructions

Students may have no more than two calculators on their desks. Calculators may not be shared.
Calculator memories do not need to be cleared before or after the exam. Students with Hewlett-
Packard 48–50 Series and Casio FX-9860 graphing calculators may use cards designed for use
with these calculators. Proctors should make sure infrared ports (Hewlett-Packard) are not facing
each other. Since graphing calculators can be used to store data, including text, proctors
should monitor that students are using their calculators appropriately. Attempts by students
to use the calculator to remove exam questions and/or answers from the room may result in
the cancellation of AP Exam scores.
Tables containing equations commonly used in physics are included in each AP Exam booklet,
for use during the entire exam. Students are NOT allowed to bring their own copies of the
equation tables to the Exam room.
SECTION I: Multiple Choice

! General Instructions for your group.

Do not begin the exam instructions below until you have completed the appropriate

Make sure you begin the exam at the designated time. Remember, you must complete a seating
chart for this exam. See pages 305–306 for a seating chart template and instructions. See the
2015-16 AP Coordinator’s Manual for exam seating requirements (pages 49–52).
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Physics 1: Algebra-Based
If you are giving the regularly scheduled exam, say:
It is Tuesday afternoon, May 3, and you will be taking the AP Physics 1:
Algebra-Based Exam.
If you are giving the alternate exam for late testing, say:
It is Thursday afternoon, May 19, and you will be taking the AP Physics 1:

PHYSICS 1 AND PHYSICS 2

Algebra-Based Exam.
Physics 2: Algebra-Based
If you are giving the regularly scheduled exam, say:
It is Wednesday afternoon, May 4, and you will be taking the AP Physics 2:
Algebra-Based Exam.
If you are giving the alternate exam for late testing, say:
It is Friday morning, May 20, and you will be taking the AP Physics 2:
Algebra-Based Exam.

In a moment, you will open the packet that contains your exam materials.
By opening this packet, you agree to all of the AP Program’s policies and
procedures outlined in the 2015-16 Bulletin for AP Students and Parents. You
may now remove the shrinkwrap from your exam packet and take out the
Section I booklet, but do not open the booklet or the shrinkwrapped Section II
materials. Put the white seals aside. . . .
Carefully remove the AP Exam label found near the top left of your exam
booklet cover. Now place it on page 1 of your answer sheet on the light blue
box near the top right-hand corner that reads “AP Exam Label.”

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Physics 1 and Physics 2

If students accidentally place the exam label in the space for the number label or vice versa, advise
them to leave the labels in place. They should not try to remove the label; their exam can still be
processed correctly.
Read the statements on the front cover of Section I and look up
when you have finished. . . .
Sign your name and write today’s date. Look up when you have finished. . . .
Now print your full legal name where indicated. Are there any questions? . . .
Turn to the back cover of your exam booklet and read it completely. Look up
when you have finished. . . .
Are there any questions? . . .
You will now take the multiple-choice portion of the exam. You should have
in front of you the multiple-choice booklet and your answer sheet. Open your
answer sheet to page 2. You may never discuss these specific multiple-choice
questions at any time in any form with anyone, including your teacher and
other students. If you disclose these questions through any means, your AP
Exam score will be canceled.
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You must complete the answer sheet using a No. 2 pencil only. Mark all of your
responses on pages 2 and 3 of your answer sheet. Remember, for numbers 1
through 45 on answer sheet page 2, mark only the single best answer to each
question. The answer sheet has circles marked A–E for each of these questions.
For this exam, you will use only the circles marked A–D. For numbers 131 through
135 at the bottom of answer sheet page 3, mark the two best answer choices for
each question. Completely fill in the circles. If you need to erase, do so carefully
and completely. No credit will be given for anything written in the exam booklet.
Scratch paper is not allowed, but you may use the margins or any blank space in
the exam booklet for scratch work. Rulers, straightedges, and calculators may
be used for the entire exam. You may place these items on your desk. Are there
any questions? . . .
You have 1 hour and 30 minutes for this section. Open your Section I booklet
and begin.
12
9 3
Note Start Time here
6 . Note Stop Time here . Check that students
are marking their answers in pencil on their answer sheets and that they are not looking at their
shrinkwrapped Section II booklets. After 1 hour and 20 minutes, say:
There are 10 minutes remaining.
After 10 minutes, say:
Stop working. Close your booklet and put your answer sheet on your desk,
face up. Make sure you have your AP number label and an AP Exam label on
page 1 of your answer sheet. Sit quietly while I collect your answer sheets.
Collect an answer sheet from each student. Check that each answer sheet has an AP number label
and an AP Exam label. After all answer sheets have been collected, say:
Now you must seal your exam booklet using the white seals you set aside
earlier. Remove the white seals from the backing and press one on each area

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AP Exam Instructions

of your exam booklet cover marked “PLACE SEAL HERE.” Fold each seal over
the back cover. When you have finished, place the booklet on your desk, face
up. I will now collect your Section I booklet. . . .
Collect a Section I booklet from each student. Check that each student has signed the front cover
of the sealed Section I booklet.
There is a 10-minute break between Sections I and II. When all Section I materials have been
collected and accounted for and you are ready for the break, say:
Please listen carefully to these instructions before we take a 10-minute
break. Please put all of your calculators under your chair. Your calculators
and all items you placed under your chair at the beginning of this exam must
stay there, and you are not permitted to open or access them in any way.
Leave your shrinkwrapped Section II packet on your desk during the break.
You are not allowed to consult teachers, other students, notes, or textbooks
during the break. You may not make phone calls, send text messages, check
email, use a social networking site, or access any electronic or
communication device. Remember, you may never discuss the multiple-
choice questions at any time in any form with anyone, including your teacher
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and other students. If you disclose these questions through any means, your
AP Exam score will be canceled. Are there any questions? . . .
12
9 3
6 You may begin your break. Testing will resume at .

SECTION II: Free Response

After the break, say:
May I have everyone’s attention? Place your Student Pack on your desk. . . .

PHYSICS 1 AND PHYSICS 2

You may now remove the shrinkwrap from the Section II packet, but do not
open the exam booklet until you are told to do so. . . .
Read the bulleted statements on the front cover of the exam booklet. Look
up when you have finished. . . .
Now take an AP number label from your Student Pack and place it on the
shaded box. If you don’t have any AP number labels, write your AP number in
the box. Look up when you have finished. . . .
Read the last statement. . . .
Using a pen with black or dark blue ink, print the first, middle, and last
initials of your legal name in the boxes and print today’s date where
indicated. This constitutes your signature and your agreement to the
statements on the front cover. . . .
Turn to the back cover and, using your pen, complete Item 1 under “Important
Identification Information.” Print the first two letters of your last name
and the first letter of your first name in the boxes. Look up when you
have finished. . . .
In Item 2, print your date of birth in the boxes. . . .

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Physics 1 and Physics 2

In Item 3, write the school code you printed on the front of your Student
Pack in the boxes. . . .
Read Item 4. . . .
Are there any questions? . . .
I need to collect the Student Pack from anyone who will be taking another
AP Exam. You may keep it only if you are not taking any other AP Exams this
year. If you have no other AP Exams to take, place your Student Pack under
your chair now. . . .
Read the information on the back cover of the exam booklet. Do not open the
booklet until you are told to do so. Look up when you have finished. . . .
Collect the Student Packs. Then say:
Are there any questions? . . .
Rulers, straightedges, and calculators may be used for Section II. Be sure
these items are on your desk. . . .
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You have 1 hour and 30 minutes to complete Section II. You are responsible for
pacing yourself, and you may proceed freely from one question to the next.

If you are giving the AP Physics 1: Algebra-Based Exam, say:

Section II has 5 questions. It is suggested that you spend approximately
25 minutes each for questions 2 and 3, and 13 minutes each for questions 1,
4, and 5.
If you are giving the AP Physics 2: Algebra-Based Exam, say:
Section II has 4 questions. It is suggested that you spend approximately
25 minutes each for questions 2 and 3, and 20 minutes each for questions 1
and 4.

You must write your answers in the exam booklet using a pen with black or
dark blue ink or a No. 2 pencil. If you use a pencil, be sure that your writing is
dark enough to be easily read. If you need more paper during the exam, raise
your hand. At the top of each extra sheet of paper you use, be sure to write
only your AP number and the question number you are working on. Do not
write your name. Are there any questions? . . .
You may begin.
12
9 3
6Note Start Time here . Note Stop Time here . You should also make
sure that Hewlett-Packard calculators’ infrared ports are not facing each other and that students
are not sharing calculators. After 1 hour and 20 minutes, say:
There are 10 minutes remaining.
After 10 minutes, say:
Stop working and close your exam booklet. Place it on your desk, face up. . . .

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AP Exam Instructions

If any students used extra paper for a question in the free-response section, have those students
staple the extra sheet(s) to the first page corresponding to that question in their exam booklets.
Complete an Incident Report. A single Incident Report may be completed for multiple students
per exam subject per administration (regular or late testing) as long as all of the required
information is provided. Include all exam booklets with extra sheets of paper in an Incident
Report return envelope (see page 60 of the 2015-16 AP Coordinator’s Manual for complete details).
Then say:
Remain in your seat, without talking, while the exam materials
are collected. . . .
Collect a Section II booklet from each student. Check for the following:
• Exam booklet front cover: The student placed an AP number label on the shaded box
and printed his or her initials and today’s date.
• Exam booklet back cover: The student completed the “Important Identification
Information” area.
When all exam materials have been collected and accounted for, return to students any electronic
devices you may have collected before the start of the exam.
Commercial use may lead to legal actions.

If you are giving the regularly scheduled exam, say:

You may not discuss or share these specific free-response questions with anyone
unless they are released on the College Board website in about two days. Your AP
Exam score results will be available online in July.
If you are giving the alternate exam for late testing, say:
None of the questions in this exam may ever be discussed or shared in any way
at any time. Your AP Exam score results will be available online in July.

PHYSICS 1 AND PHYSICS 2

If any students completed the AP number card at the beginning of this exam, say:
Please remember to take your AP number card with you. You will need the
information on this card to view your scores and order AP score reporting
services online.
Then say:
You are now dismissed.
All exam materials must be placed in secure storage until they are returned to the AP Program
after your school’s last administration. Before storing materials, check the “School Use Only”
section on page 1 of the answer sheet and:
• Fill in the appropriate section number circle in order to access a separate AP
Instructional Planning Report (for regularly scheduled exams only) or subject
score roster at the class section or teacher level. See “Post-Exam Activities” in the
2015-16 AP Coordinator’s Manual.
• Check your list of students who are eligible for fee reductions and fill in the
appropriate circle on their registration answer sheets.
Be sure to give the completed seating chart to the AP Coordinator. Schools must retain seating
charts for at least six months (unless the state or district requires that they be retained for a longer
period of time). Schools should not return any seating charts in their exam shipments unless they
are required as part of an Incident Report.
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Student Answer Sheet for

the Multiple-Choice Section
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Use this section to capture student responses. (Note that the following
answer sheet is a sample, and may differ from one used in an actual exam.)

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 Commercial use may lead to legal actions. AP Exam Label PAGE 1
AP Number Label
(from Student Pack) (from Section I Booklet)
Answer Sheet
2016 B123456789T
COMPLETE THIS AREA AT EVERY EXAM. USE NO. 2 PENCIL ONLY D. EXAM DATE E. EXAM G. ONLINE
F. MULTIPLE-CHOICE BOOKLET
To maintain the security of the exam and the validity of my AP score, I will allow no one else to see the multiple-choice questions. I will C. YOUR AP NUMBER START PROVIDER
seal the multiple-choice booklet when asked to do so, and I will not discuss these questions with anyone at any time after completing the Month Day TIME SERIAL NUMBER CODE
section. I am aware of and agree to the AP Program’s policies and procedures as outlined in the 2015-16 Bulletin for AP Students and
Parents, including using testing accommodations (e.g., extended time, computer, etc.) only if I have been preapproved by College Board AM PM S
Services for Students with Disabilities.
Sign your legal name as it will appear on your college applications. Date
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 12 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
A. SIGNATURE
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 7 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 8 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
B. LEGAL NAME Omit apostrophes, Jr., II. 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 9 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
Legal Last Name — First 15 Letters Legal First Name — First 12 Letters MI 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 10 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 11 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5
A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7
C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9
E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E
COMPLETE THIS AREA ONLY ONCE. K. DATE OF BIRTH
F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F I. AREA CODE AND
G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G PHONE NUMBER J. SCHOOL YOU ATTEND Month Day Year
SCHOOL CODE School Name
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H Jan
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Feb 0 0 0 0
J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mar 1 1 1 1
K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 Apr 2 2 2 2
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 May 3 3 3 3
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 3 3 3 3 3 3 City Jun 4 4 4
N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 4 4 4 4 4 4 Jul 5 5 5
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 5 5 5 5 5 5 State Aug 6 6 6
P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 6 6 6 6 6 6 Sep 7 7 7
Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 7 7 7 7 7 7 Oct 8 8 8
Country
R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 8 8 8 8 8 8 Nov 9 9 9
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S INTERNATIONAL PHONE 9 9 9 9 9 9 Dec
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T
M. COLLEGE TO RECEIVE YOUR
U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U N. CURRENT
L. SOCIAL SECURITY AP SCORE REPORT
GRADE LEVEL
V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V NUMBER (Optional) COLLEGE CODE Using the college code listed
in the AP Student Pack,
indicate the ONE college Not yet in
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W 11th
that you want to receive 9th grade
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 your AP score report. 9th 12th
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 College Name 10th No longer in
high school
Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

– – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – – 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 O. STUDENT SEARCH SERVICE®

108603-00657 • TF216E4757.5 • Printed in U.S.A.

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 Colleges and scholarship programs may
Exam Name: Form: Form Code: request your information to inform you of
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H. AP EXAM I AM City
5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 educational opportunities and financial aid.
TAKING USING THIS
ANSWER SHEET 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Would you like us to supply your information?
State

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7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Yes No
SCHOOL USE ONLY

Q4068/1-4
785208 If you don’t answer and previously chose to
Section Number Fee Reduction Granted 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Country participate in this service, we will continue
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 Option 1 2 Option 2 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 providing your information.
 PAGE 2
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COMPLETE THIS AREA AT EACH EXAM (IF APPLICABLE).

P. SURVEY QUESTIONS — Answer the survey questions in the AP Student Pack. Do not put responses to exam questions in this section.

1 A B C D E F G H I 4 A B C D E F G H I 7 A B C D E F G H I

2 A B C D E F G H I 5 A B C D E F G H I 8 A B C D E F G H I

3 A B C D E F G H I 6 A B C D E F G H I 9 A B C D E F G H I

Q. LANGUAGE — Do not complete this section unless instructed to do so.

If this answer sheet is for the French Language and Culture, German Language and Culture, Italian Language and Culture, Spanish Language
and Culture, or Spanish Literature and Culture Exam, please answer the following questions. Your responses will not affect your score.
1. Have you lived or studied for one month or more in a country where the language of the 2. Do you regularly speak or hear the language at home?
exam you are now taking is spoken?

Yes No Yes No

QUESTIONS 1–75

Indicate your answers to the exam questions in this section (pages 2 and 3). Mark only one response per question
for Questions 1 through 120. If a question has only four answer options, do not mark option E. Answers written in
the multiple-choice booklet will not be scored.

A B C D You must use a No. 2 pencil and marks must be complete. Do not use a mechanical pencil. It
EXAMPLES OF
COMPLETE MARK is very important that you fill in the entire circle darkly and completely. If you change your response,
INCOMPLETE MARKS A B C D erase as completely as possible. Incomplete marks or erasures may affect your score.
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1 A B C D E 26 A B C D E 51 A B C D E
2 A B C D E 27 A B C D E 52 A B C D E
3 A B C D E 28 A B C D E 53 A B C D E
4 A B C D E 29 A B C D E 54 A B C D E
5 A B C D E 30 A B C D E 55 A B C D E
6 A B C D E 31 A B C D E 56 A B C D E
7 A B C D E 32 A B C D E 57 A B C D E
8 A B C D E 33 A B C D E 58 A B C D E
9 A B C D E 34 A B C D E 59 A B C D E
10 A B C D E 35 A B C D E 60 A B C D E
11 A B C D E 36 A B C D E 61 A B C D E
12 A B C D E 37 A B C D E 62 A B C D E
13 A B C D E 38 A B C D E 63 A B C D E
14 A B C D E 39 A B C D E 64 A B C D E
15 A B C D E 40 A B C D E 65 A B C D E
16 A B C D E 41 A B C D E 66 A B C D E
17 A B C D E 42 A B C D E 67 A B C D E
18 A B C D E 43 A B C D E 68 A B C D E
19 A B C D E 44 A B C D E 69 A B C D E
20 A B C D E 45 A B C D E 70 A B C D E
21 A B C D E 46 A B C D E 71 A B C D E
22 A B C D E 47 A B C D E 72 A B C D E
23 A B C D E 48 A B C D E 73 A B C D E
24 A B C D E 49 A B C D E 74 A B C D E
25 A B C D E 50 A B C D E 75 A B C D E

ETS USE ONLY

R W O R W O
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 SELECTED MEDIA EXAMS OTHER EXAMS
Exam
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
PT02 TOTAL
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Exam PT03 Subscore (if applicable)
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
PT04 Subscore (if applicable)

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QUESTIONS 76–120

Be sure each mark is dark and completely fills the circle. If a question has only four answer options, do not mark option E.

76 A B C D E 91 A B C D E 106 A B C D E
77 A B C D E 92 A B C D E 107 A B C D E
78 A B C D E 93 A B C D E 108 A B C D E
79 A B C D E 94 A B C D E 109 A B C D E
80 A B C D E 95 A B C D E 110 A B C D E
81 A B C D E 96 A B C D E 111 A B C D E
82 A B C D E 97 A B C D E 112 A B C D E
83 A B C D E 98 A B C D E 113 A B C D E
84 A B C D E 99 A B C D E 114 A B C D E
85 A B C D E 100 A B C D E 115 A B C D E
86 A B C D E 101 A B C D E 116 A B C D E
87 A B C D E 102 A B C D E 117 A B C D E
88 A B C D E 103 A B C D E 118 A B C D E
89 A B C D E 104 A B C D E 119 A B C D E
90 A B C D E 105 A B C D E 120 A B C D E

QUESTIONS 121–126

For Students Taking AP Biology

Write your answer in the boxes at the top of the griddable area and fill in the corresponding circles.
Mark only one circle in any column. You will receive credit only if the circles are filled in correctly.
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121 122 123 124 125 126

/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / /

– . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . . – . . . . .

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5

6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8

9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9

QUESTIONS 131–142

For Students Taking AP Physics 1 or AP Physics 2

Mark two responses per question. You will receive credit only if both correct responses are selected.

131 A B C D 135 A B C D 139 A B C D

132 A B C D 136 A B C D 140 A B C D
133 A B C D 137 A B C D 141 A B C D
134 A B C D 138 A B C D 142 A B C D

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R. YOUR MAILING ADDRESS Use the address abbreviations from your AP Student Pack. Fill in only one circle per column. Indicate a space in your address by leaving a blank box; do not grid that column. V. SEX
COUNTRY
STREET ADDRESS (include street number, street name, apartment number, etc.) CITY ZIP OR POSTAL CODE CODE Female Male

W. WHICH LANGUAGE DO YOU

A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A A 0 0 0 KNOW BEST?
B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B B 1 1 1 English
C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C C 2 2 2 English and another language
about the same
D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D D 3 3 3 Another language

E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E E 4 4 4

F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F F 5 5 5 X. RACIAL/ETHNIC GROUP

G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G G 6 6 6 Please answer both questions about

Hispanic origin and about race. For the
H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H H 7 7 7
following questions about your identity,
I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 8 8 8 Hispanic origins are not races.

J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J J 9 9 9
(You may mark all that apply.)
K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K K
a. Are you of b. What is your race?
L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L L Hispanic,
Latino, or
American Indian or
M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M M Spanish origin? Alaska Native
N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N N No, not of Asian (including Indian
Hispanic, Latino, subcontinent and
O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O O or Spanish origin Philippines origin)

P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P P Yes, Cuban Black or African American

(including Africa and
Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Q Yes, Mexican Afro-Caribbean origin)

R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R R Yes, Puerto Rican Native Hawaiian or other

Pacific Islander
S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S S Yes, another White (including Middle
Hispanic, Latino, Eastern origin)
T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T T or Spanish origin

U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U U
V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V V Y. PARENTAL EDUCATION LEVEL
In the first column, indicate the highest level of education of
W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W W
one parent/guardian, and indicate whether this is your mother/
X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X female guardian or father/male guardian. Then, if applicable,
indicate the highest level of education of your other parent/
Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y Y guardian in the second column, and indicate whether this is
Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z Z your mother/female guardian or father/male guardian.

0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 STATE MI NY VT 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Mother or female guardian

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 AK HI MN OH WA 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 Father or male guardian

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 AL IA MO OK WI 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 Grade school

3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 AR ID MS OR WV 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 Some high school

4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 AZ IL MT PA WY 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 High school diploma or equivalent

5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 CA IN NC RI Puerto 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 5 Vocational or trade school

Rico
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 CO KS ND SC 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 6 Some college

7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 CT KY NE SD AA 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 7 Associate or two-year degree

8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 DC LA NH TN AE 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 Bachelor’s or four-year degree

9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 DE MA NJ TX AP 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 9 Some graduate or professional school

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/ / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / / FL MD NM UT Other / / / / / / / Graduate or professional degree

GA ME NV VA T. STUDENT IDENTIFIER (Student ID Number)
S. FOR STUDENTS OUTSIDE If your address does not fit in the spaces provided in Item R, fill in as

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THE UNITED STATES ONLY many circles as you can, then fill in the circle in Item S and print the remainder of your address in the spaces provided.
Address City State or Province Country ZIP or Postal Code

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U. EMAIL ADDRESS permission to use your email in accordance with the policies in the
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Section I: Multiple-Choice Questions

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This is the multiple-choice section of the 2016 AP exam.

It includes cover material and other administrative instructions
to help familiarize students with the mechanics of the exam.
(Note that future exams may differ in look from the following content.)

For purposes of test security and/or statistical analysis, some questions

have been removed from the version of the exam that was administered
in 2016. Therefore, the timing indicated here may not be appropriate
for a practice exam.

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®
AP Physics 2: Algebra-Based Exam
SECTION I: Multiple Choice 2016
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.
Instructions
At a Glance
Section฀I฀of฀this฀exam฀contains฀40฀multiple-choice฀questions.฀Pages฀containing฀equations฀
Total Time and฀other฀information฀are฀also฀printed฀in฀this฀booklet.฀Calculators,฀rulers,฀and฀
1 hour, 30 minutes straightedges฀may฀be฀used฀in฀this฀section.฀
Number of Questions
40 Indicate all of your answers to the multiple-choice questions on the answer sheet. No
Percent of Total Score credit will be given for anything written in this exam booklet, but you may use the booklet
50% for notes or scratch work.
Writing Instrument
Pencil required Because this section offers only four answer options for each question, do not mark the
Electronic Device (E) answer circle for any question. If you change an answer, be sure that the previous
Calculator allowed mark is erased completely.
For questions 1 through 36, select the single best answer choice for each question. After
you have decided which of the choices is best, completely fill in the corresponding circle
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on the answer sheet. Here is a sample question and answer.

For questions 131 through 134, select the two best answer choices for each question.
After you have decided which two choices are best, completely fill in the two
corresponding circles on the answer sheet. Here is a sample question and answer.

Use your time effectively, working as quickly as you can without losing accuracy. Do not
spend too much time on any one question. Go on to other questions and come back to
the ones you have not answered if you have time. It is not expected that everyone will
know the answers to all of the multiple-choice questions.
Your total score on Section I is based only on the number of questions answered correctly.
Points are not deducted for incorrect answers or unanswered questions.

Form I
Form Code 4MBP4-S

84
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®
AP PHYSICS Noncommercial
2 TABLE OFdistribution
INFORMATIONpermitted under our EULA.

CONSTANTS฀AND฀CONVERSION฀FACTORS฀
Proton฀mass, m p  1.67  10 27 ฀kg Electron฀charge฀magnitude, e  1.60  10 19 ฀C
Neutron฀mass, mn  1.67  10 27 ฀kg 1฀electron฀volt, 1฀eV  1.60  10 19 ฀J
Electron฀mass, me  9.11  10 31 ฀kg Speed฀of฀light,฀ c  3.00  108 ฀ m s
Universal฀gravitational฀
Avogadro’s฀number, N0  6.02  10 23 ฀mol 1 G  6.67  10 11 ฀ m 3 kg s 2
constant,
R  8.31฀ J (mol K) ฀฀Acceleration฀due฀to฀gravity
Universal฀gas฀constant, g  9.8฀ m s2
at฀Earth’s฀surface,
Boltzmann’s฀constant, kB  1.38  10 23 J K
1฀unified฀atomic฀mass฀unit, 1฀u  1.66  10 27 ฀kg  931฀ MeV c 2
฀Planck’s฀constant, h  6.63  10 34 ฀Js  4.14  10 15 ฀eVs
hc  1.99  10 25 ฀J  m  1.24  103 ฀eV nm
Vacuum฀permittivity, e0  8.85  10 12 C2 N  m 2
฀Coulomb’s฀law฀constant, k  1 4 pe0  9.0  109 ฀ N m 2 C2
Vacuum฀permeability, m0  4 p  10 7 ฀(T m) A
Magnetic฀constant,฀ k   m0 4 p  1  10 7 ฀ (T m) A
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฀1฀atmosphere฀pressure, 1฀atm  1.0  10 5 ฀ N m 2  1.0  10 5 ฀Pa

meter,฀ m mole,฀ mol watt,฀ W farad,฀ F

kilogram,฀ kg hertz,฀ Hz coulomb,฀ C tesla,฀ T
UNIT฀
second,฀ s newton,฀ N volt,฀ V degree฀Celsius, C ฀
SYMBOLS฀
ampere,฀ A pascal,฀ Pa ohm, W electron฀volt,฀ eV฀
kelvin,฀ K joule,฀ J henry,฀ H

PREFIXES VALUES฀OF฀TRIGONOMETRIC฀FUNCTIONS฀FOR฀COMMON฀ANGLES฀
Factor Prefix Symbol q       
12
0 30 37 45 53 60 90
10 tera T
sinq 0 12 3 5฀ 2 2 4 5฀ 3 2 1฀
10 9 giga G
10 6 mega M cosq 1 3 2 4 5฀ 2 2 3 5฀ 1 2฀ 0฀

10 3 kilo k tanq 0 3 3฀ 34 1฀ 4 3฀ 3 
2 centi c
10
3 milli m
10 The฀following฀conventions฀are฀used฀in฀this฀exam.฀
I.฀ The฀frame฀of฀reference฀of฀any฀problem฀is฀assumed฀to฀be฀inertial฀unless฀
10 6 micro฀ m
otherwise฀stated.฀
9 nano n
10 II. In฀all฀situations,฀positive฀work฀is฀defined฀as฀work฀done฀on฀a฀system.
10 12 pico p III. The฀direction฀of฀current฀is฀conventional฀current:฀the฀direction฀in฀which
positive฀charge฀would฀drift.
IV. Assume฀all฀batteries฀and฀meters฀are฀ideal฀unless฀otherwise฀stated.
V.฀ Assume฀edge฀effects฀for฀the฀electric฀field฀of฀a฀parallel฀plate฀capacitor฀
unless฀otherwise฀stated.
VI. For฀any฀isolated฀electrically฀charged฀object,฀the฀electric฀potential฀is
defined฀as฀zero฀at฀infinite฀distance฀from฀the฀charged฀object

-2-
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AP® PHYSICS 2 EQUATIONS

MECHANICS ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

à x = Ãx 0 + a x t a = acceleration  1 q1q2 A = area
FE =
A = amplitude 4pe0 r 2 B = magnetic field
1 2 d = distance  C = capacitance
x = x0 + Ãx 0 t + at
2 x E = energy  FE d = distance
E =
F = force q E = electric field
Ãx2 = Ãx20 + 2ax ( x - x0 ) f = frequency e= emf
 1 q
  I = rotational inertia E = F = force
 ÂF Fnet 4pe0 r 2
a = = K = kinetic energy I = current
m m
 
k = spring constant DUE = qDV  = length
Ff £ m Fn L = angular momentum P = power
 = length 1 q Q = charge
V =
Ã2 m = mass 4pe0 r q = point charge
ac = P = power
r  R = resistance
  DV
p = mv
p = momentum E = r = separation
r = radius or separation Dr t = time
  T = period U = potential (stored)
Dp = F Dt DV =
Q
t = time C energy
1 2 U = potential energy V = electric potential
K = mv
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A
2 v = speed C = ke0 v = speed
W = work done on a d k = dielectric
DE = W = Fd = Fd cosq
system Q constant
x = position E =
DE e0 A r= resistivity
P= y = height
Dt q = angle
a 1 1
= angular acceleration UC = QDV = C ( DV )
2
1 F= flux
q = q0 + w0 t + at 2 m= coefficient of friction 2 2
2
q =
  
angle DQ FM = qv ¥ B
w = w0 + at I =
t = torque Dt
w = angular speed
  
x = Acos ( wt ) = Acos (2p ft ) r FM = qv sin q B
R=
A   
xcm =
 mi xi Us =
1 2
kx FM = I  ¥ B
2 P = I DV
 mi   
  DUg = mg Dy FM = I sin q B
DV

a=
 t = t net I =
2p 1 R
I I T = =  
w f Rs = Â Ri F B = B A
t = r^ F = rF sin q
m
i
 
L = Iw Ts = 2p FB = B cos q A
k 1
Rp
= Â R1i
DL = t Dt  i
Tp = 2 p
g Cp = Â Ci e = - DF
Dt
B
1 2
K = Iw  i
2 mm
Fg = G 1 2 2 e= B v
 
Fs = k x 
r 1
Cs
= Â C1i
i
 Fg
g =
m m0 I
B=
Gm1m2 2p r
UG = -
r

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฀

AP® PHYSICS 2 EQUATIONS

FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMAL PHYSICS฀ WAVES AND OPTICS฀

m A = area v d = separation
r= l=
V F = force f f = frequency or
h = depth focal length
F c
P= k = thermal conductivity n= h = height
A Ã
K = kinetic energy L = distance
P = P0 + rgh L = thickness n 1 sin q1 = n 2 sin q2 M = magnification
m = mass m = an integer
Fb = rVg 1 1 1
n = number of moles + = n = index of
N = number of molecules si so f refraction
A1v1 = A2 v2
P = pressure s = distance
hi s
1 Q = energy transferred to a M = = i v = speed
P1 + rgy1 + rv12 ho so
2 system by heating l = wavelength
1 T = temperature DL = ml q = angle
= P2 + rgy2 + rv 2
2 2 t = time
d sin q = m l
U = internal energy
Q kA DT
= V = volume
Dt L
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v = speed GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY

PV = nRT = NkBT W = work done on a system
Rectangle A= area
y = height A = bh
3 C= circumference
K = k T r = density
V= volume
2 B
Triangle S = surface area
W = - P DV 1
A = bh b = base
2 h = height
DU = Q + W
= length
Circle w= width
A = pr 2 r = radius
C = 2 pr
MODERN PHYSICS
E = hf E= energy Rectangular solid Right triangle
f = frequency V = wh
K max = hf - f c 2 = a 2 + b2
K= kinetic energy
a
h m= mass Cylinder sin q =
l= c
p p = momentum V = pr 2 
b
l= wavelength S = 2 pr  + 2 pr 2 cos q =
c
E = mc 2 f= work function
a
Sphere tan q =
b
4 3
V = pr c
3 a
S = 4 pr 2
q 90
b

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PHYSICS 2฀
Section I ฀
40 Questions ฀
Time—90 minutes฀

Note: To simplify calculations, you may use g = 10 m s2 in all problems.

Directions: Each of the questions or incomplete statements below is followed by four suggested answers or
completions. Select the one that is best in each case and then fill in the corresponding circle on the answer sheet.

1. An insulated container with a divider in the 2. A small amount of charge is placed on both
middle contains two separated gases. Gas 1 is an isolated conducting sphere and an isolated
initially at a higher temperature than gas 2. The insulating sphere. For both spheres, the charge
divider is then removed. Which of the following is added at a small area at the top of the sphere.
observations might be made over a period of time After a few seconds, where on each of the spheres
as the two gases mix together, and why? is the charge that was added?
(A) Gas 1 remains at a higher temperature than Conducting Insulating
gas 2 because gas 1 started at a higher
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(A) At the top At the top

temperature.
(B) At the top Spread over the
(B) Gas 1 remains at a higher temperature than
surface
gas 2 because gas 1 started with a higher
(C) Spread over the At the top
kinetic energy.
surface
(C) On average, the molecules of gas 1 lose all
(D) Spread over the Spread over the
of their kinetic energy to the molecules of
surface surface
gas 2 through collisions, resulting in gas 2
eventually having a higher temperature than
gas 1.
(D) On average, the molecules of gas 1 lose some
of their kinetic energy to the molecules of
gas 2 through collisions, resulting in the
two gases eventually having the same
temperature.

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Item฀3฀was฀not฀scored.

5. The above graph shows current as a function

of potential difference for two different filament
lamps. If the two lamps are connected in parallel
to a 3.0 V battery, what is the total current
supplied by the battery?
(A) 0.5 A
(B) 0.8 A
(C) 1.0 A
(D) 1.6 A
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4. The figure above shows three objects (X, Y,

and Z) that have charges -4q , + q, and -q ,
respectively. The objects are held fixed on an
axis at the positions shown. The magnitude of
the electrostatic force exerted by object Y on 6. An ideal gas is initially in state 1 at a temperature
object Z is F. What is the magnitude of the net of 200 K. The gas is taken through the two
electrostatic force exerted on object Y due to the reversible thermodynamic processes shown in
other two objects? the PV diagram above. The process from state 1
to state 2 is isothermal. The process from state 2
(A) Zero
to state 3 is isobaric. What is the temperature of
(B) 2F
the gas when it is in state 3 ?
(C) 3F
(D) 5F (A) 800 K
(B) 400 K
(C) 200 K
(D) 100 K

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7. Two metal bars with the same length and same cross-sectional
area are placed between two tanks with temperatures of 400 K
and 300 K, as shown above. The thermal conductivity of
the top bar is 200 W m K , and that of the bottom bar is
400 W m K . If the net energy transferred through the top
bar in a given time interval is Q, what is the net energy
transferred through the bottom bar during the same time
interval?
(A) 4Q
(B) 2Q
(C) Q
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(D) Q 2

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8. A ray of light in air (n = 1.0) is incident on glass

(n = 1.5) at a small angle qa to the normal. The
angle of the ray to the normal in the glass is qg .
The speeds of light in air and the glass are va and
vg , respectively. How do the values of the speed
of light and the angle of the ray of light to the
normal in air compare to those in the glass?
Speed of Light Angle to Normal 9. The figure above shows a circuit containing
four resistors, a battery, and two ammeters. The
(A) va > vg qa > qg current in ammeter A1 is 1.0 A, and the current in
(B) va > vg qa < qg ammeter A 2 is 0.6 A. The two resistors labeled R
(C) va < vg qa > qg are identical. What are the currents in R2 and in
(D) va < vg qa < qg each of the two resistors labeled R ?
R2 Each R
(A) 1.6 A 0.3 A
(B) 1.6 A 0.6 A
(C) 0.4 A 0.3 A
(D) 0.4 A 0.6 A
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11. The graph above shows pressure as a function

of volume for a sample of an ideal gas. The gas
has an internal energy of 1000 J at state X and
is taken through the cycle shown. Process 3 is
10. The graph above shows experimental data for isothermal. The work that the gas does on the
the potential difference across a lightbulb as environment is 400 J during process 1 and 250 J
a function of the current through the lightbulb. during one complete cycle. What is the net
The power dissipated by the lightbulb when the thermal energy transferred into the gas during
potential difference across the bulb is 12 V is one complete cycle?
most nearly (A) 0 J
(A) 0.067 W (B) 250 J
(B) 7.7 W (C) 400 J
(C) 9.6 W (D) 650 J
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(D) 15 W

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Questions 12-13 refer to the following material.

You and a friend are traveling in a car. You tune the car radio to a station of frequency 850 kHz. The graph below
represents the electric field strength of the radio wave at a given position as a function of time.

12. Both the sound and radio waves are present inside 13. Which of the following best represents the electric
the car. Which of the following is true about these field strength E measured in V m as a function
waves?
of time t measured in ms ?
(A) Both waves are longitudinal.
( )
(A) E = 3.0 ¥ 10 -4 sin (10.6t )
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(B) Both waves can be polarized.

(C) Both waves travel at the speed of light.
(D) Sound waves require a medium in which (B) E = (3.0 ¥ 10 -4 ) sin (5.32t )
to propagate and radio waves do not.
(C) E = (1.5 ¥ 10 -4 ) sin (10.6t )

(D) E = (1.5 ¥ 10 -4 ) sin (5.32t )

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15. A positively charged particle is moving

horizontally when it enters the uniform electric
field between two parallel charged plates, as
14. A 25 W resistor and a 100 W resistor are shown in the figure above. Which of the
connected in a circuit with a third resistor of following could show the x and y positions
unknown resistance R, a capacitor of unknown of the particle as a function of time t ?
capacitance C, and a battery of unknown emf e ,
as shown above. After a long time, the potential (A)
difference across the 25 W resistor is measured to
be 4 V. What is the emf of the battery?
(A) 20 V
(B) 16 V (B)
(C) 4 V
(D) The emf of the battery cannot be determined
without knowing the value of R.

(C)
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(D)

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16. A typical iron nucleus contains 30 neutrons and

26 protons. Which of the following explains why
the nucleus stays together despite the electric
repulsion between the protons?
(A) The neutrons become polarized and exert a
net attractive electric force on each proton
that is stronger than the net repulsive force.
(B) The net gravitational force exerted on each
proton due to all the nucleons is stronger 17. An initially uncharged electroscope consists of
than the net repulsive force. two thin, 50 cm long conducting wires attached
(C) The net magnetic force exerted on each to a cap, with a 25 g conducting sphere attached
proton due to all the nucleons is stronger to the other end of each wire. When a charged
than the net repulsive force. rod is brought close to but not touching the cap,
(D) The net strong force on each proton due to all as shown above, the spheres separate a distance of
the nucleons is stronger than the net 30 cm. What can be determined about the induced
repulsive force. charge on each sphere from this information?
(A) The magnitude but not the sign
(B) The sign but not the magnitude
(C) Both the magnitude and the sign
(D) Nothing can be determined about the
induced charges.
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18. Three identical reservoirs, A, B, and C, are

represented above, each with a small pipe where
water exits horizontally. The pipes are set at the
same height above a pool of water. The water in
the reservoirs is kept at the levels shown. Which
of the following correctly ranks the horizontal
distances d that the streams of water travel before
hitting the surface of the pool?
(A) d A > dB > dC
(B) d A = dB = dC
19. A hypothetical hydrogen-like atom has energy
(C) ( d A = dB ) > dC
states as represented in the energy-level diagram
(D) dC > dB > d A
above. The atom is in the ground state when it
absorbs a photon with frequency 2.18 ¥ 1015 Hz .
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What energy state will the atom be in after it

absorbs the photon?
(A) n = •
(B) n = 4
(C) n = 3
(D) n = 2

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20. In each of the nuclear reactions given below, 22. A student is given a loudspeaker with a square
a product is indicated by the letter X. In which opening and asked to make a change in the
of the reactions does the letter X represent a dimensions of the opening so that the sound wave
positron? (A positron is a positively charged is more spread out vertically and narrowed
particle with the same mass and magnitude of horizontally. Which of the following is the correct
charge as an electron.) use of the principle of diffraction to accomplish
the desired result?
(A) 14
7N + 11 H Æ 15
8O +X
(A) The task is impossible since diffraction
(B) 15
8O Æ 15
7N +X+v affects only electromagnetic radiation
and very short wavelengths.
(C) 15
7N + 11 H Æ 12
6C +X (B) Make the opening into a rectangle with a
12
+XÆ 13
+g longer vertical dimension and a shorter
(D) 6C 7N
horizontal dimension.
(C) Make the opening into a rectangle with a
longer horizontal dimension and a shorter
vertical dimension.
21. Which of the following correctly describes the (D) Keep the opening in the shape of a square,
motion of particles when a single transverse but reduce both the horizontal and vertical
mechanical wave passes through a medium? dimensions.
(A) The particles vibrate back and forth along the
same direction as the wave propagates.
(B) The particles vibrate back and forth along
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a single direction that is perpendicular to

the direction of propagation of the wave.
(C) Each particle vibrates back and forth along a
single direction that is perpendicular to the
direction of propagation of the wave, but
each particle’s direction is different.
(D) The particles vibrate back and forth without
any energy being carried along with the
wave as it propagates.

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24. A student in an electronics lab is studying the

electrical properties of pieces of graphite. The
student applies a potential difference of 24 V
across the length of a cylindrical piece of graphite
with a radius of 0.5 mm. The student has another
piece of graphite of the same length but with a
radius of 0.7 mm. The student wants the same
current in both pieces of graphite. What potential
23. In the experimental setup shown in the figure difference should the student apply across the
above, a thin lens stands between a candle and 0.7 mm piece?
a screen. A student moves the candle to several
positions relative to the lens and then adjusts the (A) 6 V
position of the screen until an image is formed. (B) 12 V
Each time, the student records the distance d (C) 17 V
from the candle to the lens and the distance s (D) 24 V
from the lens to the screen. Which of the
following procedures will allow the student to
determine the focal length of the lens?
(A) Graph s as a function of d. The focal length
will be the vertical intercept.
(B) Graph s as a function of d. The focal length
will be the slope of the line.
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(C) Graph 1 s as a function of 1 d . The focal

length will be the inverse of the vertical
intercept.
(D) Graph 1 s as a function of 1 d . The focal
length will be the inverse of the slope of
the line.

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Questions 25-28 refer to the following material. 26. Let E A be the magnitude of the electric field
produced by sphere A near the location of
sphere B, and let E B be the magnitude of the
electric field produced by sphere B near the
location of sphere A. Which of the following
correctly ranks E A and E B and provides
a correct justification for the ranking?
(A) E A < EB , because at the same distance away
from a point charge, a larger-magnitude
charge will produce a larger-magnitude
Two identical, uncharged, nonconducting electric field, and sphere B has twice as
spheres hang vertically from insulating strings and much charge on it.
are a distance of 10 cm apart, as shown in the figure
(B) E A = EB , because Newton’s third law
above. The spheres are then each given a net charge;
indicates that the electric field produced
sphere A gets -10 mC and sphere B gets -20 mC .
by one charge must be equal in magnitude
The spheres are allowed to come to rest in a new
and opposite in direction to the electric field
equilibrium configuration.
produced by another charge.
25. Let y = 0 be the vertical position of the (C) E A = EB , because in the expression for
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uncharged spheres, with positive y toward the 1 Q1Q2

electrostatic force, , the product
top of the page. Which of the following correctly 4pe0 r 2
ranks the new vertical positions y A and yB of of 10 mC and 20 mC is the same regardless
spheres A and B, respectively, in the new
of which charge is labeled Q1 or Q2 .
equilibrium configuration?
(D) E A > EB , because at the same distance away
(A) ( y A = yB ) > 0
from a point charge, a larger charge will
(B) y A > yB > 0
produce a larger electric field, and sphere A
(C) y A > ( yB = 0) has more charge on it because -10 mC is
(D) yB > y A > 0 greater (less negative) than -20 mC .

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27. Consider a system defined as only spheres A 28. Consider a position P located halfway between
and B. In the new equilibrium configuration, the charged spheres in their new equilibrium
how (if at all) has the potential energy of the configuration. Which of the following correctly
system changed compared to when the spheres indicates whether the electric potential at this
were initially uncharged, and why? position is positive, negative, or zero and explains
why?
(A) The potential energy of the system has
remained the same, because the spheres (A) Zero, because without a charge at position P
are still at the same height as each other, no electric potential can exist there.
so no energy is stored. (B) Zero, because both spheres are located the
(B) The potential energy of the system has same distance from position P, so the
increased, because the two spheres repel contributions from each charge cancel each
each other, storing energy in an electric other out.
field. (C) Positive, because both negatively charged
(C) The potential energy of the system has spheres contribute a negative electric
increased, because the charged spheres are potential, and these negatives multiplied
at a higher vertical position, storing energy together produce a net positive electric
in a gravitational field. potential.
(D) The potential energy of the system has (D) Negative, because both negatively charged
decreased, because the charged spheres will spheres contribute a negative electric
repel each other rather than attract, reducing potential to the total.
the energy stored in the electric field.
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29. Two electrically neutral conducting rods are near

a negatively charged sphere, as shown in the
figure above. Rod 1 is touched to rod 2 for several
seconds, and then the rods are separated. The rods
are then both removed from the vicinity of the
charged sphere. Which of the following best
31. The graph above shows the initial and final
describes the resulting net charge on each rod?
molecular speed distributions of a gas as a result
(A) Rod 1 is positively charged, and rod 2 is of a thermodynamic process. Which of the
negatively charged. following processes could produce this change?
(B) Rod 2 is positively charged, and rod 1 is
(A) Expansion of the gas at constant temperature
negatively charged.
(B) Compression of the gas with no transfer of
(C) Rods 1 and 2 are both negatively charged.
(D) Rods 1 and 2 are both uncharged. energy by heating
(C) Cooling of the gas at constant volume
(D) Cooling of the gas at constant pressure
30. The Sun’s energy production is due to the fusion
of 1 H into 4 He . How does the mass of
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four 1 H nuclei ( 4mH ) compare with the

mass of one 4 He nucleus ( mHe ) ?

(A) 4mH = mHe

(B) 4mH < mHe
(C) 4mH > mHe 32. An electron is moving to the right, as shown in
(D) It cannot be determined without knowing the the figure above. It passes through the shaded
amount of energy released. region, which contains a magnetic field. The
electron travels along a path that takes it through
point P. The gravitational force on the electron is
negligible. What is the direction of the magnetic
field?
(A) Into the page
(B) Out of the page
(C) Toward the top of the page
(D) Toward the bottom of the page

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33. Water flowing in a horizontal pipe speeds up as

it goes from a section with a large diameter to
a section with a small diameter. Which of the
following can explain why the speed of the water
increases?
(A) The gravitational potential energy of the
water-Earth system increases.
(B) The gravitational potential energy of the 35. A proton is moving at 4.4 ¥ 105 m s in the plane
water-Earth system decreases.
(C) Work is done because the water in the larger of the page when it enters a magnetic field of
pipe has a higher pressure. magnitude 0.04 T perpendicular to the page, as
(D) Work is done because the water in the larger shown in the figure above. The radius of curvature
pipe has a lower pressure. of the path of the proton as it moves through the
magnetic field is approximately which of the
34. An ideal gas with molecules of mass m is following?
contained in a cube with sides of area A. The
(A) 1 ¥ 10 4 m
pressure exerted by the gas on the top of the cube
is P, and N molecules hit the top of the cube in a (B) 1 ¥ 101 m
time Dt . What is the average vertical component (C) 1 ¥ 10 -4 m
of the velocity of the gas molecules?
(D) 1 ¥ 10 -1 m
(A) PA Dt m
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(B) PA Dt 2m 36. An object is placed in front of a thin lens.

An upright image is formed that is one-third
(C) PA Dt Nm the height of the object. If the image is 6.0 cm
(D) PA Dt 2Nm from the lens, what is the focal length of the lens?
(A) -27 cm
(B) -9 cm
(C) 9 cm
(D) 27 cm

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Directions: For each of the questions or incomplete statements below, two of the suggested answers will be correct.
For each of these questions, you must select both correct choices to earn credit. No partial credit will be earned if
only one correct choice is selected. Select the two that are best in each case and then fill in the corresponding circles
that begin with number 131 on page 3 of the answer sheet.

131. Which of the following phenomena involving

light can be explained with a particle model?
Select two answers.
(A) The photoelectric effect
(B) Diffraction
(C) Atomic emission
(D) Thin-film interference
132. A battery of unknown emf V0 and unknown
internal resistance r is placed in a circuit with
a switch S and a resistor of known resistance
R = 10 W , as shown in the figure above. The
internal resistance r can be determined by taking
measurements with the switch open and with the
switch closed. Which of the following pairs of
measurements with the switch open and closed
can be used to determine the value of r ? Select
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two answers.
With Switch Open With Switch Closed
(A) Potential difference Current at Y
between X and Z
(B) Potential difference Potential difference
between X and Z between Y and Z
(C) Potential difference Current at X
between Y and Z
(D) Potential difference Potential difference
between Y and Z between X and Z

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134. A simple generator contains a conducting loop

that rotates between the poles of a magnet. Which
of the following helps explain why this rotation
generates a potential difference? Select two
answers.
133. An object with charge q is initially moving at (A) The magnitude of the magnetic field
a constant speed v parallel to a wire carrying produced by the magnet changes.
current I, as shown in the figure above. The (B) The component of the magnetic field
object is at a distance d from the wire, and the perpendicular to the loop changes.
magnetic force exerted on the object by the wire (C) The area of the loop changes.
is F. Which of the following changes, when (D) The angle between the plane of the loop and
made individually, will result in a magnetic force the magnetic field changes.
of 2F ? Select two answers.
(A) Increasing the charge to 2q
(B) Increasing the current to 2I
(C) Decreasing the speed to v 2
(D) Decreasing the distance to 0.5d
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END OF SECTION I

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED,

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YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION.

DO NOT GO ON TO SECTION II UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

________________________________

MAKE SURE YOU HAVE DONE THE FOLLOWING.

 PLACED YOUR AP NUMBER LABEL ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET

 WRITTEN AND GRIDDED YOUR AP NUMBER CORRECTLY ON YOUR

ANSWER SHEET

 TAKEN THE AP EXAM LABEL FROM THE FRONT OF THIS BOOKLET

AND PLACED IT ON YOUR ANSWER SHEET.

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Section II: Free-Response Questions

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This is the free-response section of the 2016 AP exam.

It includes cover material and other administrative instructions
to help familiarize students with the mechanics of the exam.
(Note that future exams may differ in look from the following content.)

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®
AP Physics 2: Algebra-Based Exam
SECTION II: Free Response 2016
DO NOT OPEN THIS BOOKLET UNTIL YOU ARE TOLD TO DO SO.

At a Glance
Total Time
1 hour, 30 minutes
Number of Questions
4
Percent of Total Score
50%
Writing Instrument
Either pencil or pen with
black or dark blue ink
Electronic Device
Calculator allowed
Suggested Time
Approximately
25 minutes each for
questions 2 and 3 and
20 minutes each for
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questions 1 and 4 Instructions

Weight The questions for Section II are printed in this booklet. You may use any blank space in
Approximate weights:
Questions 2 and 3: the booklet for scratch work, but you must write your answers in the spaces provided for
27% each each answer. A table of information and lists of equations that may be helpful are in the
Questions 1 and 4: booklet. Calculators, rulers, and straightedges may be used in this section.
23% each
All final numerical answers should include appropriate units. Credit for your work
depends on demonstrating that you know which physical principles would be appropriate
to apply in a particular situation. Therefore, you should show your work for each part in
the space provided after that part. If you need more space, be sure to clearly indicate
where you continue your work. Credit will be awarded only for work that is clearly
designated as the solution to a specific part of a question. Credit also depends on the
quality of your solutions and explanations, so you should show your work.
Write clearly and legibly. Cross out any errors you make; erased or crossed-out work will
not be scored. You may lose credit for incorrect work that is not crossed out.
Manage your time carefully. You may proceed freely from one question to the next. You
may review your responses if you finish before the end of the exam is announced.

Form I
Form Code 4MBP4-S

84
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®
AP PHYSICS Noncommercial
2 TABLE OFdistribution
INFORMATIONpermitted under our EULA.

CONSTANTS฀AND฀CONVERSION฀FACTORS฀
Proton฀mass, m p  1.67  10 27 ฀kg Electron฀charge฀magnitude, e  1.60  10 19 ฀C
Neutron฀mass, mn  1.67  10 27 ฀kg 1฀electron฀volt, 1฀eV  1.60  10 19 ฀J
Electron฀mass, me  9.11  10 31 ฀kg Speed฀of฀light,฀ c  3.00  108 ฀ m s
Universal฀gravitational฀
Avogadro’s฀number, N0  6.02  10 23 ฀mol 1 G  6.67  10 11 ฀ m 3 kg s 2
constant,
R  8.31฀ J (mol K) ฀฀Acceleration฀due฀to฀gravity
Universal฀gas฀constant, g  9.8฀ m s2
at฀Earth’s฀surface,
Boltzmann’s฀constant, kB  1.38  10 23 J K
1฀unified฀atomic฀mass฀unit, 1฀u  1.66  10 27 ฀kg  931฀ MeV c 2
฀Planck’s฀constant, h  6.63  10 34 ฀Js  4.14  10 15 ฀eVs
hc  1.99  10 25 ฀J  m  1.24  103 ฀eV nm
Vacuum฀permittivity, e0  8.85  10 12 C2 N  m 2
฀Coulomb’s฀law฀constant, k  1 4 pe0  9.0  109 ฀ N m 2 C2
Vacuum฀permeability, m0  4 p  10 7 ฀(T m) A
Magnetic฀constant,฀ k   m0 4 p  1  10 7 ฀ (T m) A
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฀1฀atmosphere฀pressure, 1฀atm  1.0  10 5 ฀ N m 2  1.0  10 5 ฀Pa

meter,฀ m mole,฀ mol watt,฀ W farad,฀ F

kilogram,฀ kg hertz,฀ Hz coulomb,฀ C tesla,฀ T
UNIT฀
second,฀ s newton,฀ N volt,฀ V degree฀Celsius, ฀ C ฀
SYMBOLS฀
ampere,฀ A pascal,฀ Pa ohm, W electron฀volt,฀ eV฀
kelvin,฀ K joule,฀ J henry,฀ H

PREFIXES VALUES฀OF฀TRIGONOMETRIC฀FUNCTIONS฀FOR฀COMMON฀ANGLES฀
Factor Prefix Symbol q       
12
0 30 37 45 53 60 90
10 tera T
sinq 0 12 3 5฀ 2 2 4 5฀ 3 2 1฀
10 9 giga G
10 6 mega M cosq 1 3 2 4 5฀ 2 2 3 5฀ 1 2฀ 0฀

10 3 kilo k tanq 0 3 3฀ 34 1฀ 4 3฀ 3 
2 centi c
10
3 milli m
10 The฀following฀conventions฀are฀used฀in฀this฀exam.฀
I.฀ The฀frame฀of฀reference฀of฀any฀problem฀is฀assumed฀to฀be฀inertial฀unless฀
10 6 micro฀ m
otherwise฀stated.฀
9 nano n
10 II. In฀all฀situations,฀positive฀work฀is฀defined฀as฀work฀done฀on฀a฀system.
10 12 pico p III. The฀direction฀of฀current฀is฀conventional฀current:฀the฀direction฀in฀which
positive฀charge฀would฀drift.
IV. Assume฀all฀batteries฀and฀meters฀are฀ideal฀unless฀otherwise฀stated.
V.฀ Assume฀edge฀effects฀for฀the฀electric฀field฀of฀a฀parallel฀plate฀capacitor฀
unless฀otherwise฀stated.
VI. For฀any฀isolated฀electrically฀charged฀object,฀the฀electric฀potential฀is
defined฀as฀zero฀at฀infinite฀distance฀from฀the฀charged฀object

-3-
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AP® PHYSICS 2 EQUATIONS

MECHANICS ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM

à x = Ãx 0 + a x t a = acceleration  1 q1q2 A = area
FE =
A = amplitude 4pe0 r 2 B = magnetic field
1 2 d = distance  C = capacitance
x = x0 + Ãx 0 t + at
2 x E = energy  FE d = distance
E =
F = force q E = electric field
Ãx2 = Ãx20 + 2ax ( x - x0 ) f = frequency e= emf
 1 q
  I = rotational inertia E = F = force
 ÂF Fnet 4pe0 r 2
a = = K = kinetic energy I = current
m m
 
k = spring constant DUE = qDV  = length
Ff £ m Fn L = angular momentum P = power
 = length 1 q Q = charge
V =
Ã2 m = mass 4pe0 r q = point charge
ac = P = power
r  R = resistance
  DV
p = mv
p = momentum E = r = separation
r = radius or separation Dr t = time
  T = period U = potential (stored)
Dp = F Dt DV =
Q
t = time C energy
1 2 U = potential energy V = electric potential
K = mv
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A
2 v = speed C = ke0 v = speed
W = work done on a d k = dielectric
DE = W = Fd = Fd cosq
system Q constant
x = position E =
DE e0 A r= resistivity
P= y = height
Dt q = angle
a 1 1
= angular acceleration UC = QDV = C ( DV )
2
1 F= flux
q = q0 + w0 t + at 2 m= coefficient of friction 2 2
2
q =
  
angle DQ FM = qv ¥ B
w = w0 + at I =
t = torque Dt
w = angular speed
  
x = Acos ( wt ) = Acos (2p ft ) r FM = qv sin q B
R=
A   
xcm =
 mi xi Us =
1 2
kx FM = I  ¥ B
2 P = I DV
 mi   
  DUg = mg Dy FM = I sin q B
DV

a=
 t = t net I =
2p 1 R
I I T = =  
w f Rs = Â Ri F B = B A
t = r^ F = rF sin q
m
i
 
L = Iw Ts = 2p FB = B cos q A
k 1
Rp
= Â R1i
DL = t Dt  i
Tp = 2 p
g Cp = Â Ci e = - DF
Dt
B
1 2
K = Iw  i
2 mm
Fg = G 1 2 2 e= B v
 
Fs = k x 
r 1
Cs
= Â C1i
i
 Fg
g =
m m0 I
B=
Gm1m2 2p r
UG = -
r

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฀

AP® PHYSICS 2 EQUATIONS

FLUID MECHANICS AND THERMAL PHYSICS฀ WAVES AND OPTICS฀

m A = area v d = separation
r= l=
V F = force f f = frequency or
h = depth focal length
F c
P= k = thermal conductivity n= h = height
A Ã
K = kinetic energy L = distance
P = P0 + rgh L = thickness n 1 sin q1 = n 2 sin q2 M = magnification
m = mass m = an integer
Fb = rVg 1 1 1
n = number of moles + = n = index of
N = number of molecules si so f refraction
A1v1 = A2 v2
P = pressure s = distance
hi s
1 Q = energy transferred to a M = = i v = speed
P1 + rgy1 + rv12 ho so
2 system by heating l = wavelength
1 T = temperature DL = ml q = angle
= P2 + rgy2 + rv 2
2 2 t = time
d sin q = m l
U = internal energy
Q kA DT
= V = volume
Dt L
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v = speed GEOMETRY AND TRIGONOMETRY

PV = nRT = NkBT W = work done on a system
Rectangle A= area
y = height A = bh
3 C= circumference
K = k T r = density
V= volume
2 B
Triangle S = surface area
W = - P DV 1
A = bh b = base
2 h = height
DU = Q + W
= length
Circle w= width
A = pr 2 r = radius
C = 2 pr
MODERN PHYSICS
E = hf E= energy Rectangular solid Right triangle
f = frequency V = wh
K max = hf - f c 2 = a 2 + b2
K= kinetic energy
a
h m= mass Cylinder sin q =
l= c
p p = momentum V = pr 2 
b
l= wavelength S = 2 pr  + 2 pr 2 cos q =
c
E = mc 2 f= work function
a
Sphere tan q =
b
4 3
V = pr c
3 a
S = 4 pr 2
q 90
b

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PHYSICS 2
Section II
4 Questions
Time—90 minutes

Directions: Questions 1 and 4 are short free-response questions that require about 20 minutes each to answer and are
worth 10 points each. Questions 2 and 3 are long free-response questions that require about 25 minutes each to
answer and are worth 12 points each. Show your work for each part in the space provided after that part.
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1. (10 points, suggested time 20 minutes)

The figure above shows two metal spheres that are far apart compared to their size and that are held in place.
The spheres are connected by wires to either side of switch S. Initially, the switch is open. Sphere 1 has
mass m1 , radius r1 , and a net positive charge +Q0 . Sphere 2 has mass m2 and radius r2 < r1 and is initially
uncharged. The switch is then closed. Afterward, sphere 1 has a charge Q1 and is at potential V1 , and the electric
field strength just outside its surface is E1 . The corresponding values for sphere 2 are Q2 , V2 , and E2 . Neglect
air resistance and gravitational interactions.

(a)
i. Indicate whether V1 is larger than, smaller than, or equal to V2 . Briefly explain your reasoning using
appropriate physics principles and/or mathematical models.

ii. Indicate whether Q1 is larger than, smaller than, or equal to Q2 . Briefly explain your reasoning using
appropriate physics principles and/or mathematical models.

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iii. Indicate whether E1 is larger than, smaller than, or equal to E2 . Show how you arrived at your answer
using appropriate physics principles and/or mathematical models.

(b) The distance between the centers of sphere 1 and sphere 2 is D. The switch is now opened, the wires are
disconnected from the spheres, and the spheres are released, all without changing the charges on the spheres.
Write but do NOT solve equations that could be used to determine the velocities v1 and v2 of the spheres a
long time after they are released, in terms of m1 , m2 , Q1 , Q2 , D, and physical constants, as appropriate.
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(c) The spheres are now returned to their original locations. Sphere 1 once again has initial net charge +Q0 , and
sphere 2 is initially uncharged. The switch is again closed and then reopened. Sphere 3, an uncharged metal
sphere of radius r3 > r1 > r2 on an insulating handle, is now brought into contact with sphere 2. Sphere 3 is
then moved away.

i. Indicate the sign of the final charge on each sphere.

ii. Rank the absolute value of the final charge on each of the three spheres. Explain how you arrived at
this answer.

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2. (12 points, suggested time 25 minutes)

Water flows at a speed v of 2.00 m s through a hose of radius 3 cm and into a large empty rectangular pool.
The pool has a level bottom and measures 10.0 m long by 8.00 m wide. The density of water is
1.00 ¥ 103 kg m 3 and atmospheric pressure is 1.01 ¥ 105 Pa . Express all numerical answers to the following
parts to at least three significant figures.

(a) Calculate the total pressure exerted downward on the bottom of the pool after the water has been running for
3 hours.
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(b) A small ball is floating in the water as the pool fills. Indicate whether the buoyant force on the floating ball
increases, decreases, or stays the same as the amount of water in the pool increases. Briefly explain your
reasoning.

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(c) A person gets impatient because it is taking too long to fill the pool. The person attaches a nozzle to the end
of the hose that reduces the radius of the opening to 1.5 cm. Assume the speed of the water in the hose
(before it reaches the nozzle) remains at 2.00 m s . The person claims that the water now comes out of the
nozzle faster than it did from the hose without the nozzle and therefore the pool will fill faster.

i. Do you agree that the pool will fill faster? Explain your reasoning in terms of conservation principles.

ii. Calculate the speed of the water as it leaves the nozzle. Explain how your calculation is consistent with
the conservation principles used in part (c)(i).
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(d) When the water in the pool is 1.50 m deep, the hose is turned off. A person who is 1.80 m tall then floats in
the pool.

i. Is the net downward force exerted on the bottom of the pool now greater than, less than, or the same as
it was before the person got into the pool? Explain your reasoning in terms of the forces exerted on the
person.

ii. Would your answer to part (d)(i) be different if the person was standing on the bottom of the pool?
Explain your reasoning.

(e) Consider the total pressure exerted by the water on the sides of the pool near the bottom of the pool. When
the person floats in the pool, is this pressure greater than, less than, or the same as it was before the person
got into the pool? Explain your reasoning.

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3. (12 points, suggested time 25 minutes)

Students observe that a graphite rod gets hot when there is an electric potential difference DV applied across it
that causes an electric current I in it. The graphite rod is placed in an apparatus that consists of a clear plastic
container with a lid, as shown above. The lid is equipped with electrical connectors and an opening that can be
sealed around an inserted sensor. The graphite rod is connected to the electrical connectors by wires and sealed
inside the container so that all the energy emitted by the rod goes into heating the air in the container. The
teacher tells the students that in this situation the change in the internal energy of the air is equal to
(5 2) NkB DT , where N is the number of molecules and T is the temperature, and the air can be treated as an
ideal gas.

(a) Derive an expression for the temperature change of the air as a function of time t as a result of the electrical
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energy dissipated by the rod and delivered to the air in the container. Express your answer in terms of I,
DV , N, and physical constants, as appropriate. Assume that the temperature of the graphite rod remains
constant while the air is being heated.

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The students are asked to design an experiment using the apparatus shown to investigate this heating. The
students have an ammeter, a voltmeter, a fixed DC power supply, a stopwatch, an electronic temperature sensor,
and a pressure sensor. Assume that the electrical connectors and connecting wires have negligible resistance.

(b) Outline an experimental procedure that can be used to gather data to determine how the air temperature in
the container depends on the electrical energy delivered to the rod. Indicate the measurements to be taken
and how the measurements will be used to obtain the data needed. On the diagram on the previous page,
show how the container will be connected to instruments to take the necessary measurements.
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(c) On the axes below, sketch the line or curve you predict will represent a plot of the temperature of the air in
the container as a function of electrical energy delivered to the rod.

Question 3 continues on the next 2 pages.

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(d)
i. On the axes below, sketch a line or curve you predict will represent a plot of the pressure of the air in
the container as a function of time. Clearly label the sketch as R1 .
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Explain why your graph has this shape.

ii. The rod is now replaced by a second graphite rod that has twice the length but the same radius. The
potential difference across the new rod is the same as that across the original rod. On the axes in
part (d)(i), sketch a line or curve you predict will represent a plot of the pressure of the air in the
container as a function of time for the second rod. Clearly label the sketch as R2 . Compare this
graph to the graph from part (d)(i) and explain why it is the same or different.

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(e) Another group of students performing this experiment notices a gap in the seal of the container opening and
thinks that some gas has leaked out of the container. If this is true, how would this group’s graph of air
temperature as a function of electrical energy compare to the graph you drew in part (c) ?
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4. (10 points, suggested time 20 minutes)

The picture above appears in a magazine with a caption indicating that the picture represents electron diffraction
by atoms in a crystal. The picture was created by directing a beam of electrons through a thin slice of crystal.
The article states that a diffraction pattern like the one shown in the picture can be used to determine the distance
between atoms in the crystal used in the experiment.

(a) In a coherent paragraph-length response, explain how electrons can be used to form a diffraction pattern and
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how the pattern can be used to determine the spacing of atoms in a crystal. Your answer may include a
diagram that supports your explanation of the pattern formation.

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(b) The article states that x-ray diffraction can also be used to determine crystal spacing. It describes
one experiment in which a beam of x-rays with wavelength 8.30 nm was used and another experiment in
which a beam of 100 eV electrons was used.

i. Calculate the energy of a photon in the x-ray beam.

ii. Calculate the de Broglie wavelength of an electron in the electron beam.

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iii. Will directing the x-ray beam at a crystal with atoms spaced 0.6 nm apart result in the formation of a
diffraction pattern? Will directing the electron beam at the same crystal result in the formation of a
diffraction pattern? Explain your reasoning in terms of appropriate physics principles.

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THIS PAGE MAY BE USED FOR SCRATCH WORK. -

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STOP

END OF EXAM

IF YOU FINISH BEFORE TIME IS CALLED,

YOU MAY CHECK YOUR WORK ON THIS SECTION.

________________________________

THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS APPLY TO THE COVERS OF THE

SECTION II BOOKLET.

 MAKE SURE YOU HAVE COMPLETED THE IDENTIFICATION

INFORMATION AS REQUESTED ON THE FRONT AND BACK
COVERS OF THE SECTION II BOOKLET.

 CHECK TO SEE THAT YOUR AP NUMBER LABEL APPEARS

IN THE BOX ON THE FRONT COVER.

 MAKE SURE YOU HAVE USED THE SAME SET OF AP

NUMBER LABELS ON ALL AP EXAMS YOU HAVE TAKEN
THIS YEAR.

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Multiple-Choice Answer Key

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The following contains the answers to

the multiple-choice questions in this exam.

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Answer Key for AP Physics 2
Practice Exam, Section I

Question 1: D Question 21: B

Question 2: C Question 22: C
Question 3: * Question 23: C
Question 4: C Question 24: B
Question 5: D Question 25: A
Question 6: B Question 26: A
Question 7: B Question 27: B
Question 8: A Question 28: D
Question 9: C Question 29: A
Question 10: C Question 30: C
Question 11: B Question 31: B
Question 12: D Question 32: A
Question 13: D Question 33: C
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Question 14: D Question 34: D

Question 15: C Question 35: D
Question 16: D Question 36: B
Question 17: A Question 131: A, C
Question 18: D Question 132: A, B
Question 19: C Question 133: B, D
Question 20: B Question 134: B, D

*Item 3 was not used in scoring.

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Free-Response Scoring Guidelines

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The following contains the scoring guidelines

for the free-response questions in this exam.

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AP® PHYSICS 2
2016 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1
10 points total Distribution
of points
(a)
i) 1 point

For indicating that V1 = V2 and giving a correct explanation 1 point

Examples:
 When the switch is closed, charge flows to eliminate the initial potential
difference between the spheres.
 There is no source of potential besides the spheres, and they are now effectively
one conductor.

ii) 2 points

For using the fact that V1 = V2 (or whatever relationship was indicated in part i) 1 point
For equating the expressions for potential, kQ1 r1 = kQ2 r2 , and indicating that since 1 point
r1 > r2 , Q1 > Q2 (or logic consistent with answer to part i)
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Alternate Solution Alternate points

For indicating that the larger sphere has more surface area 1 point
For indicating that a greater surface area will hold more charge 1 point

iii) 1 point

For combining E = kQ r 2 and V = kQ r and using V1 = V2 and r1 > r2 to show that 1 point
E1 < E2 (or logic consistent with answer to part i)
Alternate solution Alternate points
Since the fields are just outside the spheres, E ª s e0 . Letting r1 = cr2 , we have 1 point
Q1 = cQ2 . Then s1 = Q1 4 p r12 = cQ2 4 p (cr2 )2 = s 2 c . So σ1 < σ 2 and E1 < E2 .

(b) 3 points

For any indication that when the spheres are released, the electric potential energy is 1 point
converted into kinetic energy of the spheres
For any indication that momentum of the spheres must be conserved 1 point
For both correct equations 1 point
1 1
kQ1Q2 D = m1v12 + m2 v2 2
2 2
 
0 = m1v1 + m2 v2 or m1v1 = m2 v2

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AP® PHYSICS 2
2016 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 1 (continued)
Distribution
of points
(c)

i) 1 point

For indicating that spheres 1 and 3 have a positive charge, which is always true 1 point
If spheres 1 and 2 are well separated, all three spheres will ultimately have a positive
charge. If the student assumes spheres 1 and 2 are close enough that charging by
induction can occur, sphere 2 might end up with positive, zero, or negative charge
depending on the size and placement of sphere 3 relative to sphere 2.

ii) 2 points

For indicating that charge on sphere 2 is split between spheres 2 and 3 when they come 1 point
into contact, which implies that Q1 > Q3 since it was shown that Q1 > Q2
For indicating that sphere 3 has more charge than sphere 2 because it is larger, which 1 point
justifies the ranking of Q1 > Q3 > Q2 (or some correct reasoning relating the
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charges on spheres 1 and 3 based on the answer to part (a) and part (c)i

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AP® PHYSICS 2
2016 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 2
12 points total Distribution
of points
(a) 3 points

For indicating that the volume of water in the pool is given by V = Ahose vt 1 point
For combining the volume expression with the appropriate expression for total pressure 1 point
Ptot = Patm + rgh
Ptot = Patm + rgAhose vt Apool
2
( )( ) (
rgAhosevt = 1 × 103 kg m 3 10 m s2 p 3 × 10 -2 m ) (2.00 m s)(3 hr )(3600 s hr )
= 6.1 × 1013 Pa m 2

Apool = (10.0 m )(8.00 m ) = 80.0 m 2

(
Ptot = 1.01 × 105 Pa + 6.1 × 1013 Pa m 2 ) 80.0 m 2
For the correct numerical answer with units 1 point
Ptot = 1.09 × 105 Pa (or 1.08 × 105 Pa using atmospheric pressure from the table of
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information)

(b) 1 point

For indicating that the buoyant force stays the same with a correct justification 1 point
Examples:
The buoyant force on the ball depends only on the amount of water displaced by the ball
which does not change as long as the ball is floating.
Since the ball is moving up at constant speed as the pool fills, the net force on it is zero.
Gravity and the buoyant force are the vertical forces, gravity is constant, and so the
buoyant force must also be constant.

(c)

i) 1 point

For indicating that the pool fills at the same rate because mass is conserved or the 1 point
volume flow rate stays the same ( A1v1 = A2 v2 )
Example: Mass is conserved, and since the water is a non-compressible fluid, the
volume flow rate of the water leaving the nozzle is the same as the rate at which it
left the bare hose. So the pool will not fill faster.

ii) 2 points

For using the continuity equation Ahose vhose = Anozzle vnozzle to calculate that water 1 point
leaves the nozzle at 8 m s
For explaining the fill time remains constant despite the faster speed by referring to the 1 point
conservation principle used in part (c)(i)
Example: Although the water speed through the nozzle is greater, the area is smaller so
that the volume of water that flows per time remains constant.

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AP® PHYSICS 2
2016 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 2 (continued)
Distribution
of points
(d)

i) 2 points

For indicating that the water exerts a buoyant force on the person that is equal and 1 point
opposite to the force exerted by gravity (Newton’s 2nd Law)
For using Newton’s second and third laws to explain how the weight of the person 1 point
causes an additional force on the bottom of the pool
Example: The person exerts a force on the water that is equal and opposite to the
buoyant force exerted by the water on the person (Newton’s 3rd Law). This means
that the bottom of the pool must exert an additional force on the water to maintain it
at rest, and by Newton’s third law the water is thus exerting a greater force on the
bottom of the pool.

ii) 1 point

For indicating that the force would not be different, with an explanation that in both 1 point
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cases the total mass is being supported by the bottom of the pool

(e) 2 points

For indicating that pressure of a fluid is exerted in all directions 1 point

For indicating that since the force is greater (as argued in (d)(i)) then the pressure is 1 point
greater.
Alternate solution Alternate points
For indicating the depth of the water increases due to the displacement by the floating 1 point
person
For indicating the pressure on the sides is greater due to the increased water depth 1 point

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AP® PHYSICS 2
2016 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 3
12 points total Distribution
of points
(a) 2 points

For electrical energy input DE correctly expressed in terms of a combination of 1 point

DV, I , and t
DE = I DVt
For equating the electrical energy input to the energy of the gas expressed in terms of 1 point
temperature, and an attempt to solve for DT
I DVt = 5 2 NkB DT
DT = 2 DVI t 5 NkB

(b) 4 points

For a valid description of the setup and procedure, including a diagram 1 point
For measuring current and potential difference, with symbols defined as needed 1 point
For measuring the temperature change of the air, with a symbol defined as needed 1 point
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For a description of how the measurements will be used to calculate the energy 1 point

(c) 1 point

For a line with a positive slope and a positive temperature intercept (the line would not 1 point
extend to the origin, because the air would initially be at ambient temperature)

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AP® PHYSICS 2
2016 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 3 (continued)
Distribution
of points
(d)
i) 2 points
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For a correct graph with positive slope and positive pressure intercept, or a graph 1 point
consistent with the graph in part (c)
For a correct explanation 1 point
Example: Since the gas is ideal, PV = nRT applies. Volume is constant, so pressure
will rise in direct proportion to temperature. The power dissipated by the resistor is
constant, so the temperature rises at a steady rate. The line does not go through zero
because the lowest temperature is the nonzero temperature of the surrounding air.

ii) 2 points

For a second graph with a clear indication that R2 has the smaller slope, or for a graph 1 point
consistent with the graph in part (d)i that begins with a smaller slope
For a correct explanation 1 point
Example: A longer resistor means greater resistance. Since power is V2 R and the
potential difference is the same, the temperature and thus the pressure rise more
slowly with time.

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AP® PHYSICS 2
2016 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 3 (continued)
Distribution
of points
(e) 1 point

For an indication that the new graph will have a different slope, and with no indication 1 point
that the shape of the new graph would be different
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AP® PHYSICS 2
2016 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 4
10 points total Distribution
of points
(a) 5 points

For indicating that electrons can have wave properties 1 point

For indicating that the wavelength of the electron can be about the same size as the 1 point
spacing in the crystal
For indicating that the evenly spaced pattern of atoms in the crystal acts like slits 1 point
For indicating that the difference in path lengths that produce the constructive and 1 point
destructive interference pattern can be used to determine the crystal spacing of the
atoms in the crystal
For a response that has sufficient paragraph structure, as described in the published 1 point
requirements for the paragraph length response

(b)

i) 1 point

For using appropriate expression(s) with correct substitutions to calculate the energy of 1 point
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the x-rays
E = hf and l = c f , so E = hc l
E = 1.24 × 103 eVnm 8.30 nm or 1.99 × 10 -25 J m 8.30 × 10 -9 m
E = 149 eV or 2.40 × 10 -17 J

ii) 2 points

For converting the electron energy to joules and using the expression for kinetic energy 1 point
to calculate the speed or momentum of the electrons (Point is earned for correct
setup; numerical answer need not be correct)
K = 1 2 mv2 or K = p2 2 m
v = 2 K m or p = 2 mK
(
v = 2 (100 eV ) 1.6 × 10 -19 J eV ) (9.11 × 10-31 kg) = 5.9 × 106 m s or
p = 2 (9.11 × 10 -31 kg ) (100 eV ) (1.6 × 10 -19 J eV ) = 5.40 × 10 -24 kgm s
For using the speed or momentum to calculate the de Broglie wavelength of the 1 point
electrons (Point is earned for correct setup; numerical answer need not be correct)
l = h (mv) or h p
( )(
l = 6.63 × 10 -34 J s 9.11 × 10 -31 kg 5.9 × 106 m s or )
-34 -24
6.63 × 10 J s 5.40 × 10 kgm s
l = 0.12 nm
Both points are earned if the equations are combined algebraically and then a single
numerical calculation is performed.

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AP® PHYSICS 2
2016 SCORING GUIDELINES

Question 4 (continued)
Distribution
of points
iii) 2 points

For indicating that the x-ray wavelength is much larger than the crystal spacing and will 1 point
not be diffracted by the crystal
For indicating that the electron beam wavelength is on the order of the size of the crystal 1 point
spacing, so a diffraction pattern will appear, or an answer consistent with part (b)i
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Scoring Worksheet
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The following provides a scoring worksheet and conversion table

used for calculating a composite score of the exam.

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2016 AP Physics 2 Scoring Worksheet

Section I: Multiple Choice

× 1.0256 =
Number Correct Weighted Section I Score
(out of 39*) (Do not round)

Section II: Free Response

Question 1 × 0.9090 =
(out of 10) (Do not round)

Question 2 × 0.9090 =
(out of 12) (Do not round)

Question 3 × 0.9090 =
(out of 12) (Do not round)

Question 4 × 0.9090 =
(out of 10) (Do not round)
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Sum =
Weighted
Section II
Score
(Do not round)

Composite Score

+ =
Weighted Weighted Composite Score
Section I Score Section II Score (Round to nearest
whole number)

AP Score Conversion Chart

Physics 2
Composite
Score Range AP Score
54-80 5
44-53 4
30-43 3
18-29 2
0-17 1

*Although 40 multiple-choice items were administered in Section I, item 3 was not used in scoring.

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Question Descriptors and Performance Data

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The following contains tables showing the content assessed,

the correct answer, and how AP students performed on each question.

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2016 AP Physics 2: Algebra-Based

Question Descriptors and Performance Data
Multiple-Choice Questions

Question Learning Objectives Essential Knowledge Science Practice Key % Correct

1 2-4.C.3.1 4.C.3 6.4 D 98
2 2-4.E.3.3 4.E.3 1.1|1.4|6.4 C 82
3 2-5.F.1.1 5.F.1 2.1|2.2|7.2 * *
4 2-3.C.2.3 3.C.2 2.2 C 71
5 2-5.B.9.7 5.B.9 5.1 D 82
6 2-7.A.3.3 7.A.3 5.1 B 78
7 2-5.B.6.1 5.B.6 1.2 B 80
8 2-6.E.3.3 6.E.3 6.4|7.2 A 65
9 2-5.C.3.5 5.C.3 1.4|2.2 C 78
10 2-5.B.9.8 5.B.9 1.5 C 91
11 2-5.B.7.3 5.B.7 1.4|2.2 B 40
12 2-6.A.2.2 6.A.2 6.4 D 65
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13 2-6.B.3.1 6.B.3 1.5 D 51

14 2-5.B.9.5|2-5.B.9.6 5.B.9 6.4|2.2 D 69
15 2-2.C.5.3 2.C.5 1.1|7.1 C 51
16 2-3.G.3.1 3.G.3 7.2 D 58
2-3.A.2.1|2-3.A.3.4|2-3.B.1.4|2-
17 3.A.2|3.A.3|3.B.1|3.C.2|4.E.3 1.1|6.4|6.4|2.2|5.1 A 46
3.C.2.3|2-4.E.3.5
18 2-5.B.10.1 5.B.10 2.2 D 82
19 2-5.B.8.1|2-7.C.4.1 5.B.8|7.C.4 1.2|7.2|1.2 C 63
20 2-5.C.1.1|2-5.G.1.1 5.C.1|5.G.1 6.4|6.4 B 63
21 2-6.A.1.2 6.A.1 1.2 B 53
22 2-6.C.2.1 6.C.2 6.4 C 31
23 2-6.E.5.2 6.E.5 5.1 C 52
24 2-4.E.4.1 4.E.4 2.2|6.4 B 48
25 2-3.A.4.2|2-3.C.2.1 3.A.4|3.C.2 6.4|6.4 A 60
26 2-2.C.2.1 2.C.2 6.4 A 63
27 2-5.B.4.1 5.B.4 6.4|7.2 B 38
28 2-1.A.5.2|2-5.B.4.1 1.A.5|5.B.4 1.4|6.4 D 51
29 2-4.E.3.2|2-4.E.3.3 4.E.3 6.4|1.4|6.4 A 63
30 2-4.C.4.1|2-5.B.11.1 4.C.4|5.B.11 7.2|7.2 C 48
31 2-7.A.2.2 7.A.2 7.1 B 48
32 2-3.C.3.1 3.C.3 1.4 A 66
33 2-5.B.10.4 5.B.10 6.2 C 37
34 2-7.A.1.2 7.A.1 1.4|2.2 D 27
35 2-2.D.1.1 2.D.1 2.2 D 45
36 2-6.E.5.1 6.E.5 1.4|2.2 B 37

* Item not included in scoring

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2016 AP Physics 2: Algebra-Based

Question Descriptors and Performance Data
Question Learning Objectives Essential Knowledge Science Practice Key % Correct
2-1.D.1.1|2-5.B.8.1|2-6.C.1.1|2-
131 1.D.1|5.B.8|6.C.1|6.C.3|6.F.3 6.3|1.2|6.4|6.4|6.4 A, C 53
6.C.3.1|2-6.F.3.1
132 2-5.B.9.7 5.B.9 4.1|4.2 A, B 33
133 2-2.D.1.1|2-2.D.2.1|2-3.C.3.1 2.D.1|2.D.2|3.C.3 2.2|1.1|1.4 B, D 70
134 2-4.E.2.1 4.E.2 6.4 B, D 46

Free-Response Questions

Question Learning Objectives Essential Knowledge Science Practices Mean Score

2-1.B.1.2|2-2.C.3.1|2-2.E.3.1|2-
1.B.1|2.C.3|2.E.3|4.E.3|5.B.4|5.C.2| 6.4|6.2|2.2|1.4|6.4|6.4|6.4|1.4|
1 2.E.3.2|2-4.E.3.2|2-4.E.3.3|2- 2.01
5.D.3 2.1|2.2|6.4|6.4
5.B.4.2|2-5.C.2.1|2-5.D.3.2
2-3.A.2.1|2-3.A.4.1|2-3.A.4.2|2-
1.1|1.4|6.2|6.4|7.2|6.4|2.2|2.2|
2 3.B.1.4|2-5.B.10.2|2- 3.A.2|3.A.4|3.B.1|5.B.10|5.F.1 4.51
2.1|7.2
5.B.10.3|2-5.F.1.1
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2-4.E.4.2|2-4.E.5.3|2-5.B.7.1|2-
4.1|4.2|4.2|6.4|7.2|1.5|7.1|4.2|
3 5.B.9.8|2-7.A.2.1|2-7.A.3.2|2- 4.E.4|4.E.5|5.B.7|5.B.9|7.A.2|7.A.3 4.23
5.1
7.A.3.3
2-6.C.2.1|2-6.C.3.1|2-6.F.3.1|2-
1.4|6.4|7.2|1.4|6.4|6.4|6.4|7.1|
4 6.F.4.1|2-6.G.1.1|2-6.G.2.1|2- 6.C.2|6.C.3|6.F.3|6.F.4|6.G.1|6.G.2 2.79
6.4|7.1|6.1|6.4
6.G.2.2

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AP Physics 2:
Algebra-Based
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