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Most Asked Java Questions

The document lists over 50 commonly asked Java interview questions covering core concepts, multithreading, OOP principles, collections framework, advanced features, exception handling, JVM architecture, and performance tuning. It also includes bonus questions and pro tips for interview preparation. Each section addresses key topics and concepts that candidates should understand and be able to explain with examples.

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rindhiyaasathish
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1 views3 pages

Most Asked Java Questions

The document lists over 50 commonly asked Java interview questions covering core concepts, multithreading, OOP principles, collections framework, advanced features, exception handling, JVM architecture, and performance tuning. It also includes bonus questions and pro tips for interview preparation. Each section addresses key topics and concepts that candidates should understand and be able to explain with examples.

Uploaded by

rindhiyaasathish
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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🚀 50+ MOST ASKED JAVA INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

🔥 CORE JAVA CONCEPTS


1. What is the difference between == and .equals() method? When would you override
equals()?

2. Explain the contract between equals() and hashCode(). What happens if you break it?

3. Why is String immutable in Java? What are the benefits and drawbacks?

4. What is String Pool and how does it work internally?

5. Difference between StringBuilder and StringBuffer. When to use which?

6. Explain Java Memory Model (JVM, Heap, Stack, Method Area, PC Register)

7. What are the different types of garbage collectors in Java? Explain G1GC.

8. What is memory leak in Java? How can you identify and prevent it?

🧵 MULTITHREADING & CONCURRENCY


9. What is the difference between synchronized method and synchronized block?

10. Explain the concept of deadlock. How can you prevent it?

11. What is the difference between wait(), sleep(), and yield() methods?

12. Explain volatile keyword. When and why would you use it?

13. What is the difference between Callable and Runnable interfaces?

14. Explain ThreadLocal class. What are its use cases?

15. What is ConcurrentHashMap? How does it achieve thread safety?

16. Explain the concept of thread pools. What is ExecutorService?

17. What are CountDownLatch, CyclicBarrier, and Semaphore?

🏗️ OOP CONCEPTS & DESIGN PATTERNS


18. What is the difference between abstract class and interface? When to use which?

19. Can you have multiple inheritance in Java? How do you achieve it?

20. Explain method overriding vs method overloading with examples.


21. What is polymorphism? Explain compile-time vs runtime polymorphism.

22. Implement Singleton pattern in thread-safe way. Discuss different approaches.

23. Explain Factory pattern vs Abstract Factory pattern with examples.

24. What is Observer pattern? Implement it in Java.

25. Explain Strategy pattern. When would you use it?

📊 COLLECTIONS FRAMEWORK
26. What is the difference between ArrayList and LinkedList? When to use which?

27. Explain internal working of HashMap. What happens during collision?

28. Difference between HashMap, LinkedHashMap, and TreeMap.

29. What is ConcurrentModificationException? How to avoid it?

30. Explain Comparable vs Comparator interfaces with examples.

31. What is the difference between HashSet and TreeSet?

32. How does PriorityQueue work internally?

33. Explain fail-fast vs fail-safe iterators.

🔧 ADVANCED JAVA FEATURES


34. What are Generics? Explain wildcards (?, extends, super).

35. What is type erasure in Java Generics?

36. Explain reflection in Java. What are its use cases and drawbacks?

37. What are annotations? Create a custom annotation.

38. Explain lambda expressions and functional interfaces.

39. What is Stream API? Explain intermediate vs terminal operations.

40. What is Optional class? How does it help avoid NullPointerException?

41. Explain method references in Java 8.

🚨 EXCEPTION HANDLING
42. Difference between checked and unchecked exceptions.

43. Explain try-with-resources statement. What is AutoCloseable?

44. Can you have multiple catch blocks? Explain exception hierarchy.

45. What happens if you put return statement in try, catch, and finally blocks?

46. Create a custom exception class. When would you do this?

🌐 JVM & PERFORMANCE


47. Explain JVM architecture. What are Class Loader, Runtime Data Area, and Execution
Engine?

48. What is the process of class loading in Java?

49. Difference between Heap and Stack memory.

50. What are different types of references in Java (Strong, Weak, Soft, Phantom)?

51. Explain garbage collection process. What are generational spaces?

52. How do you tune JVM performance? What are important JVM parameters?

🔍 BONUS QUESTIONS
53. What is the difference between deep copy and shallow copy?

54. Explain immutable objects. How to create them?

55. What is serialization? What is serialVersionUID?

56. Explain the concept of marker interfaces.

57. What is covariant return type?

58. Explain static vs dynamic binding.

💡 PRO TIPS FOR INTERVIEWS


✅ Always explain with examples
✅ Discuss time/space complexity
✅ Mention real-world use cases
✅ Be ready to code on whiteboard
✅ Prepare for follow-up questions

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