Answer to Half-yearly Examination 2018-2019: F.
6 Biology Paper 1
Section B
Marks
1. (a) D, C, B (3)
3 marks
2. (a) - The heart rate decreased when nerve X was inhibited. (1) (4)
Therefore, nerve X increases the heart rate (1)
- The heart rate increased when nerve Y was inhibited. (1)
Therefore, nerve Y decreases the heart rate (1)
(b) - Nerve Y has a greater effect on the heart rate at rest (1) (2)
- The change in heart rate when nerve Y was inhibited was larger than the change
when nerve X was inhibited. (1)
6 marks
3. (a) - Juice X is *bile (1) (2)
- Juice Y is *pancreatic juice (1)
(b) - In tube A, X contains bile salt that has emulsified the oil to form oil droplets (1) (2)
- In tube B, Y contains lipase which has digested the oil to form fatty acid (1)
(c) - Juice X in tube C emulsified oil to provide a larger surface area for the enzyme to (1)
act upon (1)
(d) (i) - same as tube A (1) (2)
- enzyme in juice Y is denatured by boiling (1)
(ii) - same as tube C (1) (2)
- Juice X does not contain enzyme therefore not affected by boiling/ bile salt is
heat-resistant (1)
9 marks
4. (a) - Nitrate: synthesis of protein (1) (2)
- Magnesium: synthesis of chlorophyll (1)
(b) (i) - wind speed/ humidity/ light intensity/ concentration of carbon dioxide (Any two) (2)
(ii) - 20-22 °C (1) (3)
- the rate of photosynthesis is higher than the rate of respiration, and the difference
between them is the greatest (1)
- The net production of food by the crops is the greatest (1)
7 marks
5. (a) - During interphase, DNA is dispersed throughout the nucleus (2)
During mitosis, DNA exists in a condensed form (1)
- So chromosomes are invisible during interphase
and chromosome are visible during mitosis (1)
(b) (i) The higher the mitotic index, the higher the growth rate of a cell (1)
(ii) - plant hormone concentration increase from 0 to 0.005ppm, there is an increase in the (4)
growth rate of the root (1)
- plant hormone concentration increase from 0.005 to 0.5ppm, there is an decrease in
the growth rate (1)
- The growth of root is stimulated when the concentration of hormone is between
0 to 0.05ppm (1)
- The growth of root is inhibited when the concentration of hormone is 0.5ppm (1)
7 marks
YEARLY EXAM 2018/19-F.6 BIO 1 (Answer) Page 1
6. (a) - the presence of root hair (1) (2)
- increase surface area for osmosis/ absorption of water to occur (1)
(b) *starch (grain) (1) (1)
(c) - mesophyll cells in the leaves absorb light energy for photosynthesis to produce (3)
sugars (1)
- which are transported through the phloem to the root (1)
- sugar are then converted to starch and stored in the root cells (1)
6 marks
7. (a) - Continuous variation (1) (2)
- there are many intermediate beak depth between two extremes (1)
(b) - The mean beak depth increased after the drought (1) (5)
- There were variations in beak depth among the finches (1)
- When the drought occurred, a large beak allowed the finches to eat large seeds and
they have a higher chance of survival and (1)
- have a greater chance to reproduce and pass the gene of larger beak to offspring (1)
- the proportion of finches with a large beak increased in subsequent generations (1)
7 marks
8. (a) (i) - the deletion of three nucleotides leads to the change in the amino acid sequence (3)
of polypeptide coded (1)
- As a result, the shape of the (channel) protein coded becomes different (1)
- The protein can no longer bind to chloride ion and transport it out of the cell (1)
(ii) - the defective protein fail to transport chloride ions to the mucus to lower its (3)
water potential (1)
- the water potential difference between the cytoplasm and the mucus is not large (1)
- less water flows from the cytoplasm to the mucus by osmosis is resulted (1)
Watery mucus cannot form
(b) (i) - individual A (1) (3)
- the blood glucose level after fasting is higher (1)
- the time needed to recover to normal blood glucose level is longer (1)
(ii) - the carbohydrate-rich meal is digested into glucose and being absorbed into blood (4)
in the small intestine (1)
- The high glucose level is being detected by the pancreas (1)
- the pancreas will secrete more insulin (1)
- stimulate the liver cells to convert more glucose into glycogen/ uptake more glucose
from the blood (1)
thus, the blood glucose level is restored
13 marks
9. (a) - 350 million of years ago (1) (1)
(b) - By studying the fossil record (1) (2)
- compare the structure of the fossil of dinosaurs with the other vertebrates (1)
(c) - scientific idea is tentative (1) (4)
- the discovery of new fossils will add more branches/ modify the existing
evolutionary tree (1)
- scientific knowledge is based on evidence (1)
- the construction of the tree based on the fossil record found (1)
7 marks
YEARLY EXAM 2018/19-F.6 BIO 1 (Answer) Page 2
10. (a) (i) - The two alleles of the HTT gene on the homologous chromosomes of Z contain (1)
the same number of repeats while the two alleles of X and Y contain different
numbers of repeats/ Z is homozygous (1)
(ii) - A defective allele contains a larger number of repeats so the DNA fragment (3)
is longer (1)
- A longer DNA fragment moves slower in the gel. (1)
- One of the DNA fragments of X travels the shortest distance. (1)
Therefore, X is more likely to carry the defective allele.
(b) - Since individual 1 is normal, he must have two normal alleles (1) (4)
- Individual 4 has Huntington’s disease. She must have at least one defective allele (1)
- Therefore, the defective allele is inherited from individual 2 (1)
- As dominant allele will express regardless of heterozygous or homozygous
conditions (1), individual 2 must have Huntington’s disease.
8 marks
11.
Challenge Adaptation Explanation
- Male has a penis to transfer sperms - Shorten the distance of gamete
into the vagina of female (1) transfer/ prevent desiccation of
gametes (1)
- Seminal fluid are produced (1) - Provide a aqueous medium for
sperms to swim/ prevent sperms and
ovum from desiccation/ to activate
Copulation
and nourish sperms (1)
- Large amount of sperms are - Compensate the loss during the
produced (1) transfer of gametes (1)
- Sperms are capable of swimming/ - Allow gametes to meet each other
beating action of cilia in oviduct (1) for fertilization (1)
(max. 3)
- Develop placenta and umbilical cord - provide sufficient nutrient to the
in the pregnant women (1) growth of the foetus/ remove waste
materials produced by the foetus (1)
- Amnion produces amniotic fluid (1)# - Provide a relatively stable
environment for the growth of the
Foetus
foetus/ protect the foetus against
development
shock (1)
- A long pregnancy period (up to 40 - Foetus are more developed in
weeks) (1) structure to increase the survival rate
when born (1)
(max. 3)
- Amnion produces amniotic fluid (1)# - lubricating the birth canal for the
passage of foetus(1)\
- Dilation of cervix (1) - Allow the foetus to pass out from
Birth
the uterus (1)
- Powerful contraction of the uterine - Push the foetus out of the vagina (1)
muscles (1) (max. 2)
Effective communication (3)
11 marks
YEARLY EXAM 2018/19-F.6 BIO 1 (Answer) Page 3
Mark award for communication
Mark Clarity of expression and relevance to the question Logical and systematic presentation
3 Answers are easy to understand. They are fluent Answers are well structured showing
showing good command of language. coherence of thought and organisation of
There is no or little irrelevant material. ideas.
2 Language used is understandable but there is some Answers are organised, but there is some
inappropriate use of words. repetition of ideas.
A little relevant material is included, but does not
mar the overall answer.
1 Markers have to spend some time and effort on Answers are a bit disorganised, but
understanding the answer(s). paragraphing is evident. Repetition is
Irrelevant material obscures some minor ideas. noticeable.
0 Language used is incomprehensible. Ideas are not coherent and systematic.
Irrelevant material buries the major ideas required Candidates show no attempt to organise
by the question. thoughts.
Section A
1. A 2. B 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. A 7. C 8. B 9. B 10. C
11. A 12. D 13. D 14. B 15. D 16. C 17. C 18. D 19. C 20. B
21. D 22. A 23. C 24. B 25. C 26. C 27. D 28. A 29. B 30. D
31. B 32. D 33. A 34. C 35. B 36. C
YEARLY EXAM 2018/19-F.6 BIO 1 (Answer) Page 4
YEARLY EXAM 2018/19-F.6 BIO 1 (Answer) Page 5
