2.
MOTION IN A STRAIGHT LINE
1. The relation between time t and distance x is t = ax2 + bx where a and b are constants. The
acceleration is
(a)2bv3 (b) -2abv2 (c) 2av2 (d) -2av3
2. An automobile travelling with speed of 60 km/h, can brake to stop within a distance of 20
m. If the car is going twice as fast, i.e 120 km/h, the stopping distance will be
(a ) 60 m (b) 40 m (c) 20 m (d) 80 m
3. A particle is moving in one dimension (along x axis) under the action of a variable force. It's initial
position was 16 m right of origin. The variation of its position (x) with time (t) is given as x=
−3t3+18t2+16t, where x is in m and t is in s. Then velocity of the particle when its acceleration
becomes zero.
(a) 60 m/s (b) 35 m/s (c)52 m/s (d) 58m/s
4. A body moves from rest with a constant acceleration of 5m/s2. Its instantaneous speed (in m/s) at the
end of 10 sec is
(a)50 (b)5 (c) 5 (d) 2.5
5. Two bodies of different masses ma and mb are dropped from two different heights a and
b. The ratio of the time taken by the two to cover these distances is
(a)a:b (b) b:a (c)√ a : √b (d) a2 : b 2
6. From a building two balls A and B are thrown such that A is thrown upwards and B downwards (
both vertically with the same speed ). If vA and vB are their respective velocities on reaching the
ground, then
(a ) vB>vA (b) vA=vB (c) vA>vB (d) their velocities depend on their masses.
7. If a car travels (2/5) th of the total distance with a speed 10m/s and (3/5) th of the distance
with a speed 20m/s. The average speed is given by
(a) 15/7 m/s (b) 200/7 m/s (c) 100/7 m/s (d) 10/7 m/s
8. The acceleration 'a' in m/s of a particle is given by a = 3t2 + 2t + 2 where t is the time. If the particle
2
starts out with a velocity u= 2m/s at t=0, then the velocity at the end of 2 second is ---------------
(a) 12 m/s (b) 18 m/s (c) 27 m/s (d) 36 m/s.
9. A ball is released from the top of a tower of height h meters. It takes T seconds to reach the ground.
What is the position of the ball in T/3 seconds?
(a) 8h/9 meters from the ground (b)7h/9 meters from the ground
(c) h/9 meters from the ground (d) 7h/18 meters from the ground
10. A particle initially at rest starts moving from reference point x=0 along x-axis, with velocity
v that varies as v=4(x)1/2 m/s. Then, the acceleration of the particle is :
(a)10 m/s2 (b) 8m/s2 (c) 15 m/s2 (d)32m/s2
11. Assertion : A body falling freely may do so with constant velocity.
D
Reason : The body falls freely, when acceleration of a body is equal to acceleration due to gravity.
A 12. Assertion : The average speed of a body over a given interval of time is equal to the average velocity
of the body in the same interval of time if a body moves in a straight line in one direction.
Reason : Because in this case distance travelled by a body is equal to the displacement of
the body.
both 13. Assertion : The area under acceleration-time graph is equal to velocity of object.
Reason : For an object moving with constant acceleration position-time graph is a straight line.
14. Assertion : When the velocity of an object is zero at an instant, the acceleration need not to be zero
A at that instant.
Reason : In motion under gravity, the velocity of body is zero at the top-most point.
15. Assertion: Two balls of different masses are thrown vertically upward with same speed. They will
A pass through their point of projection in the downward direction with the same speed.
Reason : The maximum height and downward velocity attained at the point of projection
are independent of the mass of the ball.
ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:
16. The velocity-time graph of an object moving along a straight line is shown in the figure. What is the
distance covered by the object between t=0 to t=4s?
30
454517. A body falling under gravity covers two points A and B separated by 80 m in 2 s. What will be the
distance of upper point A from the starting point ? (use g=10 ms−2).
18. The velocity-time graph of a body moving in a straight line is shown in the figure. Find the
displacement and distance travelled by the body in 6 sec are respectively.
5 19. A body moves in a straight line along Y-axis. Its distance y (in metre) from the origin is given by y
= 8t – 3t2. Find the average speed in the time interval from t = 0 second to t = 1 second .
16m, 2s 20. A particle moves along a straight-line OX. At time t, the distance x of the particle from the origin is given by
x=40+12t–t3. How long would the particle travel before coming to rest?
45 21. A stone is dropped from the top of a building. When it crosses a point 5 m below the top, another
stone starts to fall from a point 25 m below the top. Both stones reach the bottom of building
simultaneously. Find the height of the building.
11.94 22. The reaction time for an automobile driver is 0.6s. If the automobile can be decelerated at 5ms-2,
calculate the total distance travelled in coming to stop from an initial velocity of 30kmh -1, after a
signal is observed.
23. Read the following paragraph and answer the questions that follow :
An object released near the surface of the Earth is accelerated downward under the influence of the
force of gravity. The magnitude of acceleration due to gravity is represented by g. If air resistance is
neglected, the object is said to be in free fall.If the height through which the object falls is small
compared to the earth’s radius, g can be taken to be constant, equal to 9.8 m s–2.Free fall is thus a
case of motion with uniform acceleration. We assume that the motion is in y-direction, more correctly
in –y-direction because we choose upward direction as positive. Since the acceleration due to gravity
is always downward, it is in the negative direction and we have = – g = – 9.8 m/s2
(i) A stone of mass 0.05kg is thrown vertically upwards. What is the direction and magnitude of net
force on the stone during its upward motion?
(a) 0.49 vertically downward (b) 9.8 vertically downwards
(c) 0.49 N vertically upwards (d) 0.98 N vertically downwards
(ii) Free fall of an object (in vacuum) is a case of motion with –
(a) Uniform Velocity (b) Uniform acceleration
(c) Variable acceleration (d) constant momentum
(iii) Three different objects of masses m1, m2, m3 are allowed to fall from rest and from the same
point ‘O’ along three different frictionless paths. The speed of the three objects, on reaching the
ground, will be in the ratio of
(a) m1: m2 : m3 (b) m1 : 2m2 : 3m3 (c) 1:1: 1 (d) 1/m1: 1/m2: 1/m3
(iv) A cricket ball is thrown up with a speed of 19.6 m/sec.The Maximum height it can reach is
-(a) 9.8 m (b) 19.6 m (c) 29.4 m (d) 39.2 m
