Physics Work sheet for G-9 2017E.
C
Directions: Choose the best answer among the given four options.
1. According to Hooke's law, the restoring force exerted by a spring is:
(a) Directly proportional to the displacement and acts in the same direction as the displacement
(b) Inversely proportional to the displacement and acts opposite to the direction of motion
(c) Directly proportional to the displacement and acts opposite to the direction of displacement
(d) Independent of the displacement and acts towards the fixed end
2. The spring constant (k) of a spring represents its:
(a) Mass and is measured in kilograms (b) Stiffness and is measured in N/m
(c) Length and is measured in meters (d) Period and is measured in seconds
3. The period (T) of an object of mass m attached to a spring with spring constant k, oscillating on a smooth
horizontal surface, depends only on:
(a) The initial displacement and the mass
(b) The mass of the object and the stiffness (spring constant) of the spring
(c) The initial velocity and the spring constant
(d) The acceleration due to gravity and the length of the spring
4. When the mass attached to a spring is at the equilibrium position (x=0) during its oscillation:
(a) Force exerted by the spring is maximum and the speed is zero
(b) Force exerted by the spring is zero, and the speed has its maximum value
(c) Both the force exerted by the spring and the speed are zero
(d) Force exerted by the spring is zero, and the speed is minimum (but not zero)
5. For the period of a mass-spring system ( = 2 ⁄ ), if the mass (m) attached to the spring is increased,
the period of oscillation will:
(a) Increase (b) Decrease (c) Remain the same (d) Depend on the initial displacement
6. A transverse wave is a wave where the direction of propagation of the wave is:
(a) parallel to the direction of vibrations of particles of the medium
(b) perpendicular to the direction of vibrations of particles of the medium
(c) in the same direction as the energy transfer and perpendicular to the particle vibrations
(d) at right angles to the wave speed but parallel to the wavelength
By: Denebo Dekebo Page 1
Physics Work sheet for G-9 2017E.C
7. Which of the following is given as an example of a transverse wave?
(a) Sound waves (b) Waves on strings
(c) Pressure waves (d) Waves that require a material medium for propagation
8. The sound waves are the most common example of which type of wave?
(a) Transverse waves (b) Electromagnetic waves
(c) Mechanical waves that do not require a medium (d) Longitudinal waves
9. Propagation of longitudinal waves results in regions where the particles of the medium are pushed together or
move apart. These regions are referred to as, respectively:
(a) crests and troughs (b) antinodes and nodes.
(c) areas of amplitude and frequency (d) compressions and rarefactions.
10. A key distinction between transverse and longitudinal waves relates to:
(a) whether they require a material medium to travel
(b) their amplitude and frequency characteristics
(c) relationship between the direction of wave propagation and the direction of particle vibrations
(d) speed at which they travel through a vacuum
11. Sound waves are the most common example of which type of wave?
(a) Transverse waves (b) Electromagnetic waves
(c) Mechanical waves that do not require a medium (d) Longitudinal waves
12. How are sound waves generated?
(a) By the constant speed of light (b) By changes in air pressure unrelated to particle motion
(c) By the series of vibrations of an object (d) By electromagnetic fields oscillating in a vacuum
13. The speed of sound in a medium depends on which of the following?
(a) Only the temperature of the medium (b) Amplitude of the sound wave
(c) Frequency of the sound wave (d) Properties of the medium, such as compressibility and density
14. The pitch of a sound depends on its:
(a) Loudness (b) Wavelength (c) Amplitude (d) Frequency
15. What is reflection of sound from hard surface?
(a) Refraction (b) Diffraction (c) Echo (d) Interference
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Physics Work sheet for G-9 2017E.C
16. A sound wave is described as having a period of 0.5 seconds. According to the relationship between
frequency and period of a wave, what is the frequency of this sound wave?
(a) 0.25 Hz (b) 1 Hz (c) 2 Hz (d) 4 Hz
17. What is the approximate speed of sound in air at 20°C? The speed of sound at 0°C is 331m/s.
(a) 331 m/s (b) 343 m/s (c) 348 m/s (d) 353 m/s
18. A ship uses sonar, which relies on the reflection of sound (echo), to find the depth of the seabed. If a sound
pulse is sent into sea water and the echo returns after 1 second, and the speed of sound in sea water is
approximately 1500 m/s, what is the approximate depth of the seabed?
(a) 500 m (b) 750 m (c) 1000 m (d) 1500 m
Several specific characteristics of sound waves:
Pitch:
The pitch of a sound depends on the frequency of the sound wave.
Higher frequency sound waves have a higher pitch.
In higher pitch sounds, the particles vibrate more often past their equilibrium position per second.
Loudness:
The loudness of a sound depends on the amplitude of the sound wave.
If the amplitude is greater, the sound is louder. In louder sounds, the particles move further from their
equilibrium position.
The loudness of sound is measured in decibel (dB).
Timbre (Quality):
This is the property of tone that distinguishes it from another tone of the same pitch and intensity but
produced by different sources.
It refers to the difference in sound.
Other relevant characteristics and behaviors of sound wave include:
Speed of Sound:
The speed of sound waves in a medium depends on the compressibility and density of the medium.
Sound has different speeds in different media.
Sound travels slower in liquid than in solids and faster in liquids than in gases.
The speed of sound in liquids and solids is not significantly affected by temperature changes but is
affected by their body structure.
The speed of sound in air, however, depends on the temperature.
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Physics Work sheet for G-9 2017E.C
Reflection (Echo):
When sound reflects off hard surfaces, it is called an "echo".
Hard substances like walls, rocks, hills, metals, wood, and buildings are good reflectors of sound.
Echo is used in SONAR technology to find the depth of seas or distance of submarines, based on the
time taken for the sound pulse to return after reflection.
Refraction:
Sound bends (changes its direction) when parts of the wave fronts travel at different speeds, which can
occur due to uneven winds or air of uneven temperature.
This bending due to a change in speed is called refraction.
Diffraction:
Sound waves can change direction or spread out as they pass through an opening or around a barrier.
This phenomenon is known as diffraction.
Diffraction is more pronounced with waves of longer wavelength, allowing lower frequencies to bend
around obstacles better.
Sound needs a material medium for its transmission and cannot travel through a vacuum.
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