ANSl/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

(Supersedes ANSI/ASH RAE Standard 139-2019)

Method of Testing for Rating

Desiccant Dehumidifiers
Utilizing Heat for the
Regeneration Process

Approved by ASH RAE and the American National Standards Institute on February 28, 2022.

®
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© 2022 ASH RAE ISSN I 041-2336

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 ASHRAE Standard Project Committee 139
Cognizant TC: 8.10, Desiccant Dehumidification Equipment and Components
SPLS Liaison: Heather L. Platt

Wayne E. Caudle,* Chair Michael A. Harvey* Norm Maxwell*

Stephen C. Brickley* Eric J. Kozubal* Peter Vandermeulen*

*Denotes members of voting status when the document was approved for publication

ASHRAE STANDARDS COMMITTEE 2021-2022

Rick M. Heiden, Chair Essam E. Khalil Justin M. Prosser

Susanna S. Hanson, Vice-Chair Malcolm D. Knight David Robin

Charles S. Barnaby Jay A. Kohler Lawrence J. Schoen

Robert B. Burkhead Cesar L. Lim Steven C. Sill

Thomas E. Cappellin Paul A. Lindahl, Jr. Christian R. Taber

Douglas D. Fick James D. Lutz Russell C. Tharp

Michael W. Gallagher Julie Majurin William F. Walter

Patricia Graef Lawrence C. Markel Craig P. Wray

Srinivas Katipamula Margret M. Mathison Jaap Hogeling, BOD ExO

Gerald J. Kettler Gwelen Paliaga Tim J. McGinn, CO

Connor Barbaree, Senior Manager of Standards

SPECIAL NOTE
This American National Standard (ANS) is a national voluntary consensus Standard developed under the auspices of ASHRAE. Consensus is defined
by the American National Standards Institute (ANSI), of which ASHRAE is a member and which has approved this Standard as an ANS, as
"substantial agreement reached by directly and materially affected interest categories. This signifies the concurrence of more than a simple majority,
but not necessarily unanimity. Consensus requires that all views and objections be considered, and that an effort be made toward their resolution."
Compliance with this Standard is voluntary until and unless a legal jurisdiction makes compliance mandatory through legislation.
ASHRAE obtains consensus through participation of its national and international members, associated societies, and public review.
ASHRAE Standards are prepared by a Project Committee appointed specifically for the purpose of writing the Standard. The Project
Committee Chair and Vice-Chair must be members of ASHRAE; while other committee members may or may not be ASHRAE members, all
must be technically qualified in the subject area of the Standard. Every effort is made to balance the concerned interests on all Project Committees.
The Senior Manager of Standards of ASHRAE should be contacted for
a. interpretation of the contents of this Standard,
b. participation in the next review of the Standard,
c. offering constructive criticism for improving the Standard, or
d. permission to reprint portions of the Standard.

DISCLAIMER
ASHRAE uses its best efforts to promulgate Standards and Guidelines for the benefit of the public in light of available information and accepted
industry practices. However, ASHRAE does not guarantee, certify, or assure the safety or performance of any products, components, or systems
tested, installed, or operated in accordance with ASHRAE's Standards or Guidelines or that any tests conducted under its Standards or Guidelines
will be nonhazardous or free from risk.

ASHRAE INDUSTRIAL ADVERTISING POLICY ON STANDARDS

ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines are established to assist industry and the public by offering a uniform method of testing for rating purposes, by
suggesting safe practices in designing and installing equipment, by providing proper definitions of this equipment, and by providing other information
that may serve to guide the industry. The creation of ASHRAE Standards and Guidelines is determined by the need for them, and conformance
to them is completely voluntary.
In referring to this Standard or Guideline and in marking of equipment and in advertising, no claim shall be made, either stated or implied,
that the product has been approved by ASHRAE.
 CONTENTS

ANSl/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

Method of Testing for Rating Desiccant Dehumidifiers
Utilizing Heat for the Regeneration Process

SECTION PAGE

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

2 Scope . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

3 Definitions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2

4 Classification of Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
5 Requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
6 Instruments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4

7 Test Preparation-Equipment Installation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

8 Method of Test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 10

9 Data and Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 12

10 References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16

Informative Appendix A: Mass Balance Calculations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17

NOTE

Approved addenda, errata, or interpretations for this standard can be downloaded free of charge from the ASH RAE
website at www.ashrae.org/technology.

© 2022 ASH RAE

180 Technology Parkway NW · Peachtree Corners, GA 30092 · www.ashrae.org · All rights reserved.
ASHRAE is a registered trademark of the American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers, Inc.
ANSI is a registered trademark of the American National Standards Institute.
 (This foreword is not part of this standard. It is merely informative and does not contain
requirements necessary for conformance to the standard. It has not been processed according
to the ANSI requirements for a standard and may contain material that has not been subject
to public review or a consensus process. Unresolved objectors on informative material are not
offered the right to appeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)

FOREWORD

First published in 1998, ASHRAE Standard 139 was developed under guidance from TC 8.12, Des­
iccant Dehumidification Equipment and Components (previously TC 3. 5). The intent of this stan­
dard is to provide uniform test methods for rating desiccant dehumidifiers that use heat for the
regeneration process. It addresses the test methods, apparatus and instruments to be used, data to
be obtained, and calculations needed to confirm valid test results.
This 2022 revision of Standard 139 updates references. The standard was prepared under the
auspices of ASHRAE. It may be used, in whole or in part, by an association or government agency
with due credit to ASHRAE. Adherence is strictly on a voluntary basis and merely in the interests of
obtaining uniform guidelines throughout the industry.

1. PU RPOSE

The purpose of this standard is to provide test methods for determining the moisture removal
capacity of heat-regenerated desiccant dehumidifiers, as well as the coincident thermal energy per­
formance, so that comparative evaluations of capacity and performance can be made irrespective of
the type or make of the device.

2. SCOPE

2.1 This standard applies to desiccant-based dehumidifiers operating at atmospheric pressure. The
dehumidifier shall use solid or liquid desiccants that are regenerated using heat energy.
2.2 Normally, equipment within this standard would consist of one or more desiccant contact sta­
tions through which the air to be dehumidified is moved, a means to expose the moisture-laden des­
iccant to a source of heat energy for regeneration, and a heating device.
2.3 Ancillary devices are normally used to move air to be dehumidified through the device and to
provide ventilation for regeneration, but they are not a part of this standard.
2.4 This standard is intended to

a. describe a uniform method of testing for obtaining performance data,

b. reference and specify test instruments and apparatus,
c. describe and specify test data to be recorded, and
d. describe and specify calculations to be made from the test data.

2.5 This standard does not apply to

a. dehumidifiers operating at other than atmospheric pressure,

b. dehumidifiers not using a desiccant for dehumidification,
c. dehumidifiers not using heat for regeneration of the desiccant,
d. ancillary equipment that may be used in any dehumidification process, such as fans or pre- or
post-conditioning equipment, or
e. dehumidifiers using a sealing arrangement that results in leakage rates in excess of 1% of pro­
cess flow.

3. D E F I N ITIONS

airflow: the rate of flow of air through any part of a dehumidifier expressed in standard cubic
meters per hour (scmh) or standard cubic feet per minute (scfm).
conditioner: a device in which the process air is dehumidified in a liquid desiccant system.

desiccant contactor: the structure or section containing the desiccant contacting the air to be dehu­
midified.
heat input: the gross heating value of the fuel supplied to the regeneration heater, expressed in
watts (British thermal units per hour).

2 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

humidity ratio (G): the ratio of the mass of water vapor in the air to the mass of dry air; the ratio is
defined as grams of moisture per kilogram of dry air (grains of moisture per pound of dry air).
liquid desiccant concentration: the concentration of liquid desiccant expressed as kilograms
(pounds) of anhydrous desiccant per kilogram (pound) of desiccant solution.
liquid desiccant transfer to conditioner: the amount of kilograms (pounds) per hour of concen­
trated desiccant solution transferred from the regenerator to the conditioner.
moisture removal capacity (MRC): the mass of water vapor removed from the process air per unit
of time and expressed in kilograms per hour (pounds per hour).
moisture removal rate (MRR): the mass of water vapor removed from the desiccant per unit of time
via the regeneration process (desorption) and expressed in kilograms per hour (pounds per hour).
process air: the airstream to be dehumidified.
regeneration air: the airstream used as a carrier for the desorbed moisture and/or a mechanism to
transfer heat for the regeneration of the desiccant in a dry desiccant system.
regeneration heater: a device used to heat the regeneration air or the liquid desiccant.
regeneration specific heat input (RSHI): the energy per unit moisture removed expressed in kilo­
joules per kilogram (British thermal units per pound).
regenerator: the structure or section containing the desiccant to be regenerated.
standard air: for the purpose of this standard, standard air is air with a density of 1.20 kg/m3
(0.075 lb/ft\ This is substantially equivalent to dry air at 21°C (70°F) and at a barometric pressure
of 101.325 kPa (29.92 in. Hg).
temperature
dry-bulb temperature: the temperature of air indicated by an ordinary thermometer.
wet-bulb temperature: the temperature indicated when a thermometer bulb is covered with a
water-saturated wick over which air is caused to flow at approximately 4.5 m/s (900 ft/min) to
reach the equilibrium temperature of water evaporating into the air when the heat of vaporiza­
tion is supplied by the sensible heat of the air.
dew-point temperature: the temperature at which water vapor is saturated (100% rh) with
water vapor. (Informative Note: It is improper to refer to dew point as the temperature at
which condensation begins to occur, because condensation at the dew point requires removal
of latent heat from the vapor to induce condensation and this can occur only if the vapor is
cooled below the dew point.)

4. C LASS I FICATION OF U N ITS

4.1 Desiccant dehumidifiers for the purpose of this standard are classified as to desiccant type and
heating source.
4.2 Desiccant Types

a. Dry (solid)
b. Liquid

4.3 Heat Sources

a. Electric
b. Gas
c. Steam
d. Hot water
e. Other appropriate sources of heat

5. REQUIREMENTS

5.1 Testing Requirements. Desiccant dehumidifiers shall be tested for rating in accordance with
the requirements set forth in this section.
5.2 Equipment. Equipment to be tested shall contain the desiccant contactor, regenerator, and
regeneration heater regularly furnished with the equipment. Other accessories used shall be consis­
tent with the test procedure.

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022 3

 5.3 Performance Determinations. Performance determinations of desiccant dehumidifiers shall
consist of the
a. determination of the water vapor removal capacity at airflow rates, velocities, and operational
parameters defined in Tables 1 and 2 taken at specific inlet conditions; and
b. determination of the coincident thermal energy requirements at the water vapor removal capac-
ity determined in Section 5.3(a).
5.4 Measuring Instruments. All instruments used for measurement shall be calibrated by com­
parison with an instrument that has a NIST (or equivalent national laboratory) certification in the
range of use, or an instrument with a NIST (or equivalent national laboratory) certification shall be
used.

6. I N STRU M E NTS
6.1 Temperature Measuring Instruments. Temperature measuring instruments, unless noted
below, shall be in accordance with ASHRAE Standard 41.1 1.
6.1.1 Temperature measurement shall be made with one or more of the following instruments:

a. Mercury-in-glass thermometer
b. Thermocouple
c. Electric resistance thermometer

6.1.2 Accuracy shall be within the following limits:

a. Air dry-bulb temperatures: ±0.3°C (0.5°F)

b. Air dew-point temperatures: ±0.3°C (0.5°F)
c. Water and nonvolatile refrigerants: ±0.05°C (0.1°F)
d. Other dry-bulb temperatures: ±0.3°C (0.5°F)

6.1.3 In no case shall the smallest scale division of the temperature measuring instrument exceed
twice the specified accuracy. For example, for the specified accuracy of±0.05°C (0.1°F), the small­
est scale division shall not exceed 0.1°C (0.2°F).
6.1.4 Dew-point temperatures shall be used to determine humidity levels through direct measure­
ment of dew point using NIST traceable instruments providing an accuracy of 0.3°C (0.05°F).
6.1.5 Whenever possible, temperature measuring instruments used to measure the change in tem­
perature shall be arranged so that they are readily interchanged between the supply and exhaust
position to improve accuracy by using an average value.
6.1.6 Psychometric measuring stations will be uniformly located downstream of the diffusers at
each flow measuring station.
6.1.7 The pressures existing in the psychrometric chambers shall be used in the humidity calcula­
tions.
6.1.8 The temperature of fluids within conduits shall be measured by inserting the temperature
measuring instrument directly within the fluid or within a well inserted into the circuit. Glass ther­
mometers shall not be inserted directly into the fluid when pressure within the conduit is great
enough to affect the thermometer reading.
6.2 Pressure Measuring Instruments. All pressure measuring instruments shall be in accordance
with ASHRAE Standard 41.3 2.
6.2.1 Pressure measurements shall be made with one of the following:

a. Water column
b. Oil column (0.826 density)
c. Mercury column
d. Bourdon gage
e. Electronic pressure transducers

6.2.2 Accuracy of pressure measuring instruments shall be within ±1% of the reading.
6.2.3In no case shall the smallest scale division of the pressure measuring instrument exceed
two times the specified accuracy.
6.3 Dew-Point Measuring Instruments. All dew-point measurements shall be in accordance with
Section 6.4 of ASHRAE Standard 41.6 3.

4 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

Table 1 Test Data to be Recorded for Dry Desiccant Systems (SI)

Date:

Dry Desiccant Equipment

Description Units Value

I. Model number

2. Serial number

3. Process inlet airflow acmh

3a. Process air inlet temperature oc

3b. Process air inlet dew-point temperature oc

3c. Process air inlet absolute humidity g/kg

3d. Process air inlet relative humidity %

4. Process outlet airflow acmh

4a. Process air outlet temperature oc

4b. Process air outlet dew-point temperature oc

4c. Process air outlet absolute humidity g/kg

4d. Process air outlet relative humidity %

5. Process air pressure drop Pa

6. Regeneration inlet airflow acmh

6a. Regeneration air inlet temperature oc

6b. Regeneration air inlet dew-point temperature oc

6c. Regeneration air inlet absolute humidity g/kg

6d. Regeneration air inlet relative humidity %

6e. Regeneration air inlet heated to temperature oc

7. Regeneration outlet airflow acmh

7a. Regeneration air outlet temperature oc

7b. Regeneration air outlet dew-point temperature oc

7c. Regeneration air outlet absolute humidity g/kg

7d. Regeneration air outlet relative humidity %

8. Regeneration heat source (stem, gas, electric,hot water, etc.)

8a. Regeneration heat input (electric) kW ___ Amps ___ Volts ___ Phase ___ Hz

8b. Regeneration heat input (gas) kJ/h

8c. Regeneration heat quality (steam) °C,kPa

8d. Regeneration heat input (steam) kJ/h

8e. Regeneration heat input (hot water) kJ/h ____ Temp in ____ Temp out ____ Lis

9. Regeneration air pressure drop Pa

10. Ambient barometric pressure kPa

11. Rotor/contactor speed rph

12. Test duration mm

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022 5

Table 1 Test Data to be Recorded for Dry Desiccant Systems (1-P)

Date:

Dry Desiccant Equipment

Description Units Value

I. Model number

2. Serial number

3. Process inlet airflow acfm

3a. Process air inlet temperature Of

3b. Process air inlet dew-point temperature OF

3c. Process air inlet absolute humidity gr/lb

3d. Process air inlet relative humidity %

4. Process outlet airflow acfm

4a. Process air outlet temperature OF

4b. Process air outlet dew-point temperature Of

4c. Process air outlet absolute humidity gr/lb

4d. Process air outlet relative humidity %

5. Process air pressure drop ID.WC

6. Regeneration inlet airflow acfm

6a. Regeneration air inlet temperature OF

6b. Regeneration air inlet dew-point temperature Of

6c. Regeneration air inlet absolute humidity gr/lb

6d. Regeneration air inlet relative humidity %

6e. Regeneration air inlet heated to temperature OF

7. Regeneration outlet airflow acfm

7a. Regeneration air outlet temperature Of

7b. Regeneration air outlet dew-point temperature OF

7c. Regeneration air outlet absolute humidity gr/lb

7d. Regeneration air outlet relative humidity %

S. Regeneration heat source (stem, gas, electric, hot water, etc.)

Sa. Regeneration heat input (electric) kW ___ Amps ___ Volts ___ Phase ___ Hz

Sb. Regeneration heat input (gas) Btu/h

Sc. Regeneration heat quality (steam) °F, psi

Sd. Regeneration heat input (steam) Btu/h

Se. Regeneration heat input (hot water) Btu/h ____ Temp in ____ Temp out ____ Lis

9. Regeneration air pressure drop in. we

IO. Ambient barometric pressure in. Hg

11. Rotor/contactor speed rph

12 . Test duration mm

6 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

Table 2 Test Data to be Recorded for Liquid Desiccant Systems (SI)

Date:
Liquid Desiccant Equipment
Description Units Value
I. Model number

2. Serial number

3. Process inlet airflow acmh

3a. Process air inlet temperature oc

3b. Process air inlet dew-point temperature oc
3c. Process air inlet absolute humidity g/kg

3d. Process air inlet relative humidity %

4. Process outlet airflow acmh

4a. Process air outlet temperature oc

4b. Process air outlet dew-point temperature oc
4c. Process air outlet absolute humidity g/kg

4d. Process air outlet relative humidity %

5. Conditioner air pressure drop Pa

6. Conditioner coolant type (chilled water, glycol, DX, ammonia, etc.)

7. Coolant operating temperature oc

8. Heat rejected to coolant kJ/h

9. Regeneration inlet airflow acmh

9a. Regeneration air inlet temperature oc

9b. Regeneration air inlet dew-point temperature oc
9c. Regeneration air inlet absolute humidity g/kg

9d. Regeneration air inlet relative humidity %

10. Regeneration outlet airflow acmh

IOa. Regeneration air outlet temperature oc

!Ob. Regeneration air outlet dew-point temperature oc
toe. Regeneration air outlet absolute humidity g/kg
IOd. Regeneration air outlet relative humidity %

11. Regeneration heat source (steam, gas, electric, hot water, etc.)

I l a. Regeneration heat input (electric) kW Amps Volts Phase Hz

llb. Regeneration heat input (gas) kJ/h

lie. Regeneration heat quality (steam) °C/kPa

I Id. Regeneration heat input (steam) kg/h

lie. Regeneration heat input (hot water) kJ/h Temp in Temp out Lis

12. Regeneration air pressure drop Pa

13. Ambient barometric pressure kPa

14. Desiccant type/identity

14a. Desiccant concentration to conditioner kg/kg

14b. Desiccant concentration in regenerator kg/kg

14c. Desiccant transfer to conditioner kg/h

15 Weight of regenerator tank at start kg

16. Weight of regenerator tank at end kg

17. Test duration min

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022 7

Table 2 Test Data to be Recorded for Liquid Desiccant Systems (1-P)

Date:
Liquid Desiccant Equipment
Description Units Value
I. Model number

2. Serial number

3. Process inlet airflow acfm

3a. Process air inlet temperature Of

3b. Process air inlet dew-point temperature OF

3c. Process air inlet absolute humidity gr/lb

3d. Process air inlet relative humidity %

4. Process outlet airflow acfm

4a. Process air outlet temperature OF

4b. Process air outlet dew-point temperature OF

4c. Process air outlet absolute humidity gr/lb

4d. Process air outlet relative humidity %

5. Conditioner air pressure drop In.WC

6. Conditioner coolant type (chilled water, glycol, DX, ammonia, etc.)

7. Coolant operating temperature Of

8. Heat rejected to coolant Btu/h

9. Regeneration inlet airflow acfm

9a. Regeneration air inlet temperature OF

9b. Regeneration air inlet dew-point temperature OF

9c. Regeneration air inlet absolute humidity gr/lb

9d. Regeneration air inlet relative humidity %

10. Regeneration outlet airflow acfm

IOa. Regeneration air outlet temperature OF

!Ob. Regeneration air outlet dew-point temperature OF

toe. Regeneration air outlet absolute humidity gr/lb

IOd. Regeneration air outlet relative humidity %

11. Regeneration heat source (steam, gas, electric, hot water, etc.)

11a. Regeneration heat input (electric) kW Amps Volts Phase Hz

I lb. Regeneration heat input (gas) Btu/h

I le. Regeneration heat quality (steam) °F/psi

I Id. Regeneration heat input (steam) Btu/h

I le. Regeneration heat input (hot water) Btu/h ____ Temp in ____ Temp out ____ Lis

12. Regeneration air pressure drop in. we

13. Ambient barometric pressure m.Hg

14. Desiccant type/identity

14a. Desiccant concentration to conditioner lb/lb

14b. Desiccant concentration in regenerator lb/lb

14c. Desiccant transfer to conditioner lb/h

15 Weight of regenerator tank at start lb

16. Weight of regenerator tank at end lb

17. Test duration min

8 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

 Conversion of dew point to humidity ratio shall be as defined in Section 7.2 of ASHRAE Stan­
dard 41.6. Alternative conversion methods shall be accepted if correction for altitude or barometric
pressure is provided for an accurate result.
6.4 Electrical Instruments

6.4.1 Electrical measurements shall be made with indicating or integrating instruments.

6.4.2 Instruments used for measuring the electrical input to heaters or other apparatus-furnished
heat loads shall be accurate to ±1.0% of the quantity measured.
6.4.3 Voltages shall be measured at the equipment terminals.
6.5 Liquid Flow Measurement

6.5.1 Water and brine flow rates shall be measured with a liquid flowrneter or a quantity meter
having an accuracy of ±1.0% of the indicated value.
6.5.2 Condensate collection rates shall be measured with a liquid quantity meter measuring
either weight or volume and having an accuracy of±1.0% of the indicated value.
6.6 Speed Measuring Instruments. Speed measurements shall be made with a revolution counter,
tachometer, stroboscope, or oscilloscope having an accuracy of±1.0% of reading.
6.7 Time Measurements. Time measurements shall be made with instruments having an accuracy
of±0.20% of reading.
6.8 Weight Measurements. Weight measurement shall be made with an apparatus having an accu­
racy of±0.20% of reading.
6.9 Gas Fuel Measurements

6.9.1 Measurement of gas fuel rate during test shall be made with a calibrated meter of the con­
stant-volume type. The heating value for the gas used shall be obtained from the gas company sup­
plying the fuel during the test.
6.9.2 Heat Input-Gas Fuel. From data supplied by the gas company, obtain gas heating value
Hg. From the meter readings on the data sheet, calculate the heat input rate, Qs.

Qs =[Hgx (Mf -M;)x 273.2 + 20x P]![(T+ 273.2) x 101.325 x Time x 60], kJ/s (SI)

Qs =[Hgx (MJ -M;)x 459.3 + 68x P]![(T+ 459.3) x 14.696 x Timex 1/60], Btu/h (I-P)

where
Hg heating value, kJ/m3@ 20°C, 101.325 kPa (Btu/ft 3@ 68°F, 14.595 psia)
Mf final meter reading, m3 (ft 3)
M; initial meter reading, m3 (ft3)
P gas pressure, kPa (psia)
T gas temperature, °C (°F)
Time = elapsed time between meter readings, min
Informative Note: If the value of Hg is supplied at a reference temperature and/or reference
pressure other than shown in this standard, make the appropriate changes to the references as they
appear in the formula.
6.10 Airflow Measurements. All airflow measurements shall be made in accordance with
ASHRAE Standard 41.2 4.
6.11 Water Properties Measuring Apparatus

6.11.1 Temperature measuring instruments shall be placed so as to measure accurately the tem­
perature of water entering and leaving the coil. The water lines shall be insulated at, and adjacent to,
the temperature measuring instruments. To minimize possible temperature stratification, mixers shall
be inserted in the inlet and outlet water lines upstream from the temperature measuring instruments.
Two close-coupled 90 degree elbows, just upstream of the temperature measuring instruments, can
serve as mixers provided the water velocity at the mixing station is not below 0.3 mis (1.0 fps).
6.11.2 A suitable means shall be provided for determining the water pressure drop through the
coil from inlet to outlet as shown in Figure 1.

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022 9

 6.12 Steam Properties and Condensate Flow Measurement
6.12.1 The properties of steam entering the test coil, and the properties and flow rate of conden­
sate leaving the coil, shall be determined by the apparatus shown in Figure 2, or by other suitable
means to achieve the required accuracy.
6.12.2 The pressure of the steam entering the coil shall be determined by a pressure measuring
instrument located between the control valve and the coil.
6.12.3 The temperature measuring instruments shall be placed so as to measure accurately the
temperature of the superheated steam entering the coil and of the condensate leaving the coil.
Steam lines shall be insulated between the temperature measuring instruments and the heat
exchange apparatus.
6.12.4 Steam entering the test coil shall be superheated to a minimum of 5.6°C (10.0°F). If nec­
essary, superheating shall be accomplished by a suitable heating means or by throttling. A separator
shall be located upstream of the superheater or throttling valve to remove condensate from the sup­
ply line.
6.12.5 The condensate flow shall be determined by a liquid quantity meter as described in Sec­
tion 6.5.
6.12.6 Flashing of the condensate shall be prevented by means of a suitable heat exchanger. A
condensate control valve shall be provided to regulate the condensate level. The condensate level
shall be the same each time a reading is taken. The top of the insulated condensate leg shall be
vented continuously during test. The vent rate shall be controlled by a specially drilled petcock as
shown in Figure 3. The petcock shall be connected to the top of the condensate receiver or float trap
and positioned so that only the specially drilled post is operative during the test.
6.12.7 The steam pressure drop through the coil, from inlet to outlet, shall be determined by the
manometer arrangement shown in Figure 1. Both legs of the manometer, including lines leading to
the inlet and outlet headers, shall be maintained with a liquid column of condensate. The effect of
the water legs and the differences in static head shall be considered in determining the steam pres­
sure drop through the coil.
6.13 Static Pressure Measurements in Air. All static pressure measurements shall be made in
accordance with ASHRAE Standard 41.2 4.
6.13.1 Static pressures shall be determined
a. at flow measurement stations and
b. on each circuit of the equipment at entering and leaving locations.
6.14 Measurement of Liquid Desiccant Concentration
6.14.1 Liquid desiccant concentration shall be determined by measuring the temperature and
specific gravity of the sample.
6.14.2 The specific gravity of the sample shall be measured by using a glass hydrometer with an
accuracy of±0.001 kg/kg (lb/lb).

7. TEST PREPARATION - EQ U I P M E N T I N STALLATION

7.1 The equipment to be tested shall be installed in the test section in accordance with the manu­
facturer's standard installation instructions using the recommended procedures and accessories.
7.2 No alterations to the equipment shall be made except for the attachment of required test appa­
ratus and instruments in the prescribed manner.
7.3 No change shall be made in fan speed or system resistance to correct for barometric variations
due to weather.

8. M ETHOD OF TEST

8.1 Test Operating Procedure

8.1.1 The test duct, measuring equipment, and equipment under test shall be operated until
steady-state conditions have been maintained for at least 15 minutes.
8.1.2 Rotary dehumidifiers shall have the speed of rotation checked before and after each series
of test runs.
8.2 Airflow Measuring Procedure. Airflow rates shall be determined at each of the four measure­
ment stations as shown in Figures 4 through 7.

10 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

LINES MUST HAVE
CONSISTENT SLOPE

11/2"
GLASS MANOMETER
PIEZOMETER RING DETAILS

t+-----lt--25 DIA. MIN.

STRAIGHT LENGT H
'7c; ;a
r-8"1 •• --

�
=f.;J==�===:== =-
FLOW-
---- -A L

14-----25 DIA. MIN.

STRAIGHT LENGTH •I
PIEZOMETER RINGS

DETAIL OF M ANOMETER ARRANGEMENT

TEST
COIL

LIQUID
CONDITIONING
EQUIPMENT
(HEAT OR CHILL)

NOTE: EITHER WEIGH TANK OR FLOW METER

OR BOTH MAY BE USED

Figure 1 Measuring apparatus for determining water properties and flow.

STEAM PRESSURE

SUPERHEATER (IF NECESSARY) STEAM TEMPERATURE

SEPA RATOR
CONDENSATE-FILLED LINE

THROTTLE VALVE

1/8 IN. PETCOCK AIR VENT

(SEE FIG. 5 FOR DETA ILS) TEST
COIL

CONDENSATE TEMPERATURE MERCURY

�
MA NOMETER

TO DRAIN GAUGE GLASS

PITCH DOWN

CONDENSATE RECEIVER
OR FLOAT TRAP
CONDENSATE COOLER

TO LIQUID QUANTITY METER

Figure 2 Measuring apparatus for determining steam and condensate flow.

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022 II

 Figure 3 Detail of petcock air vent.

8.2.1 Air mass flow rates shall be determined from each nozzle station's measured pressure dif­
ferential and calculated air density. See Section 9, "Data and Calculations."
The airflow through the apparatus illustrated in Figures 4 through 7 is as follows:

a. The air is passed by fans through a conditioner that adjusts the temperature and moisture con­
tent of the desired supply air conditions.
b. Air then splits, with process air passing through measuring station one.
c. The remainder of the air goes to auxiliary stations where it may be humidified and/or heated to
the test specification/condition.

8.2.2 The air mass flow ratio WmdWmin will be varied as required by means of two dampers.
8.2.3 The moisture content at each of the measuring stations will be determined at the pressure
and temperature existing in each station's psychometric chamber.
8.2.4 Alternative arrangements of test equipment shall be used only if equal or better accuracy
can be obtained.

9. DATA AND CALCU LATIONS

9.1 The data shall be recorded as indicated in Table 1 for dry desiccant systems or Table 2 for liq­
uid desiccant systems for each performance condition at which the equipment is to be tested. Only
those data points necessary to carry out the calculations are required. Additional data points shall be
added only as a reference based on interest of the user or testing authority.
Since the single point of performance data described in Table 1 or 2 can be replicated over an
almost infinite number of inlet conditions, the information is capable of being displayed in curve
form as a series of performance parameters. In the event the performance is typical for a series of
equipment sizes, test data may be expanded appropriately.
9.2 The following calculations shall be performed and included with the test report. Mass flow rate
used in the equations shall be those at duct sections one and two.
9.2.1 Moisture Removal Capacity (MRC). The moisture removal capacity of the test unit shall
be calculated in kilograms (pounds) per hour as follows:

MRC = [SCMHP x l .2 kg/m3 x (Gi- G0)]/ l OOO (SI)

or
MRC = SCMHP x 0.0012 x (Gi- G0)

where
MRC moisture removal capacity, kg/h
SCMHP = scmh process air (air to be dehumidified)
humidity ratio at the process air inlet
humidity ratio at the process air outlet

12 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

 PD

PD PD

T
0
REGENERATION -
(!'.
T' AIR O U T
'!! f-
!:!::Z
O::::>

1
� f-
::::>(/)
IW
w f-

0
T 0
T'
PROCESS AIR OUT

PD PD

FAN #2 PD FAN#1

AUXILIARY AUXILIARY
HUMIDIFIER HEATER
DAMPER DAMPER

- -

PROCESS STREAM
REGENERATION S TREAM

HUMIDIFIER

HEATING ELEMENT
NOZZLE

I
PD: PRESSURE DROP
T:
T':
DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
WET-BULB OR DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
D MEASURING S TATION

Figure 4 General test-loop configuration.

PD

PD PD

(/) �
�-------'---I
T
T'
I 0::Gi
WO
(!'. z
2Q
REGENERATION -
AIR OUT

u�

1
DEHUMIDIFIER TEST UNIT
lto::
::::>w
zz
<( w
:2!c.9
w
PROCESS AIR OUT (!'.

PD PD

FAN#2 PD FAN #1

AUXILIARY AUXILIARY
HUMIDIFIER HEATER DAMPER
DAMPER

- -

PROCESS S T REAM
REGENERATION STREAM

NOZZLE

PD: PRESSURE DROP

I
T:
T':
DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
WET-BULB OR DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
D MEASURING STATION

Figure 5 Test loop for solid rotary and moving vertical beds.

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022 13

 DESICCANT BED #1
ADSORBING
PD PD

0
T
T'
� - T
T' 0
PROCEss_
AIR OUT

I 0+· -
�
-

�
T
REGENERATION T'
AIR O U T

PD PD

FAN #2 FAN#1
DESICCANT BED #2
AUXILIARY AUXILIARY DESORBING
HUMIDIFIER HEATER
DAMPER DAMPER

PROCESS STREAM
REGENERATION S TREAM

I
NOZZLE @ VALVE

PD: PRESSURE DROP

I
T:
r·
DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
WET-BULB OR DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
D MEASURING S TATION

Figure 6 Test loop for dry dual fixed-bed systems.

PD
HEATING COIL
PD

PROCESS
-
AIR OUT

CONDITIONER

I
HEAT EXCHANGER
PD

FAN #2 FAN#1

AUXILIARY AUXILIARY
HUMIDIFIER HEATER
DAMPER DAMPER

PROCESS STREAM
REGENERATION STREAM

PUMP
Note:
Heating and cooling coils could be internal
to conditioner/regenerator.
NOZZLE

PD: PRESSURE DROP

I
T:
T':
DRY-BULB TEMPERATURE
WET-BULB OR DEW-POINT TEMPERATURE
D MEASURING STATION

Figure 7 Test loop for liquid dehumidification systems.

14 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

 MRC = [SCFMP x (60 min/h x 0.075 lb/ft3) x (G; - G0)]!7000 grains/lb (I-P)

or

MRC = SCFMP x 0.0006428 x (G; - G0)

where
MRC moisture removal capacity, lb/h
SCFMP scfm, process air (air to be dehumidified)
G; humidity ratio at the process air inlet
G0 humidity ratio at the process air outlet
Informative Note: 1 lb = 7000 grains.
9.2.2 Regeneration Energy. The regeneration energy shall be defined as the regeneration heat
input to the regeneration heater measured at the power terminals or fuel supply at the heating
device. The regeneration energy shall be stated in watts (Btu/h).
9.2.3 Regeneration Specific Heat Input (RSHI). The specific heat input shall be defined as the
ratio of the regeneration energy to the moisture removal capacity. The specific heat input shall be
stated in terms of thermal energy input per kilogram (pound) of moisture removal and expressed as
kJ/kg (Btu/lb), and shall be calculated as follows:
RSHI = (Watt x 3.6)/MRC, kJ/kg (SI)
RSHI = (Btu/h)/MRC, Btu/lb (I-P)
9.2.4 Mass Balance. A calculation shall be performed to determine the ratio of the mass of mois­
ture removed from the process air with respect to the mass of moisture rejected to the regeneration
air at the test conditions. The mass ratio calculated for a specific test condition must be >0.95 and
<1.05 in order for the data to be considered valid.

9.2.4.1 Dry Desiccant Units

Mass Ratio = MRC/MRR

MRC [SCMH o x 0.0012 x (G ;- G 0)] (SI)
p p p
=

MRC SCFM o x 0.0006428 x (G ; - G 0) (I-P)

p p p
=

MRR = [SCMHro x 0.0012 x (Gro - Gr;)] (SI)

MRR = SCFMro x 0.0006428 x (Gro - Gr;) (I-P)

where
SCMH o = scmh at the process outlet
p
G ; humidity ratio at the process air inlet
p
=

G o = humidity ratio at the process air outlet

p
SCFM o scfm at the process air outlet
p
SCMHro = scmh at the regeneration outlet
Gr; = humidity ratio at the regeneration air inlet
Gro = humidity ratio at the regeneration air outlet
SCFMro = scfm at regeneration outlet
9.2.4.2 Liquid System with a Single Conditioner and Regenerator Simultaneously
Tested Together

Mass Ratio = MRC/MRR

MRC = [SCMH e x 0.0012 x (Gci- Ge0)] (SI)

MRC = SCFMe x 0.0006428 x (Ge; - Ge0) (I-P)

MRR = SCMH x 0.012 x (Gro- Gr;) (SI)

MRR = SCFMr x 0.0006428 x (Gro - Gr;) (I-P)

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022 15

 where
MRC moisture removed from the air in the conditioner unit, kg/h (lb/h)
MRR moisture added to the air in the regenerator unit, kg/h (lb/h)

SCMHe = scmh through the conditioner unit

SCMHr = scmh through the regenerator unit
SCFMe scfm through the conditioner unit
SCFMr scfm through the regenerator unit

Ge; = humidity ratio at conditioner inlet

Geo = humidity ratio at conditioner outlet

Gr; = humidity ratio at regenerator inlet

Gro = humidity ratio at regenerator outlet

9.2.4.3 Liquid System with a Single Conditioner Tested

Mass Ratio = MRC/MRT

MRC= SCMHre x 0.0012 x (Gp;-Gp0) (SI)

MRC = SCFMe x 0.0006428 x (Ge;-Ge0) (I-P)

MRT = DT x [(Xr-XJ!Xe]

where
MRC = moisture removed from the process air in the conditioner unit, kg/h (lb/h)
MRT = moisture carried from the conditioner to the regenerator unit by the desiccant transfer,
kg/h (lb/h)
DT = desiccant solution transferred from the regenerator to the conditioner, kg/h (lb/h)

desiccant concentration in generator, kgdesiccan/ kgsolution (lb desiccant/lb 5olution)

Xr =

Xe = desiccant concentration in conditioner, kgdesicc an/ kgsolution (lbdesiccant/lb501ution)

9.2.4.4 Liquid System with a Single Regenerator Tested

Mass Ratio= MRR/MWA

MRR = SCMHr x 0.0012 x (Gro- Gr;) (SI)

MRR = SCFMr x 0.0006428 x Gro-Gr; (I-P)

MWA = (TWS - TWE) x (TT/60)

where
MWA = mass of water added to desiccant, kg/h (lb/h)
TWS = weight of water tank at beginning of test, kg (lb)
TWE = weight of water tank at end of test, kg (lb)
TT = duration of test, min

10. REFERENCES

1. ASHRAE. 2020. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 41. l , Standard Method for Temperature Measure­
ment. Atlanta: ASHRAE.
2. ASHRAE. 2014. ASHRAE Standard 41.3-2014, Standard Method for Pressure Measurement.
Atlanta: ASHRAE.
3. ASHRAE. 2014. ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 41.6, Method for Measurement of Moist Air Prop­
erties. Atlanta: ASHRAE.
4. ASHRAE. 2018. ASHRAE Standard 41.2-2018, Standard Methods for Air Velocity and Labo­
ratory Airflow Measurement. Atlanta: ASHRAE.

16 ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022

(This appendix is not part of this standard. It is merely informative and does not contain
requirements necessary for conformance to the standard. It has not been processed according
to the ANSI requirements for a standard and may contain material that has not been subject
to public review or a consensus process. Unresolved objectors on informative material are not
offered the right to appeal at ASHRAE or ANSI.)

I N FO RMATIVE APPE N D IX A
MASS BALANCE CALC U LATIONS

This appendix provides additional air and moisture mass balance calculations, which can be used to
support the validity of mass balance results or to provide a troubleshooting reference to determine
factors that contribute to mass balance results outside of acceptable ranges.

A 1. AIR MASS BALAN C E

The ratio of the air mass flow rate entering the device to the air mass flow rate leaving the device.

Acceptable range: 0.98 to 1.02

SCFMp ; + SCFM,;
Air Mass Balance
SCFMP 0 + SCFM ,0

A2. MOISTU RE MASS BALAN C E

The ratio of moisture mass flow rate entering the device to the moisture mass flow rate leaving the
device.

Acceptable range: 0.97 to 1.03

(SCFMp ; x GP ;) + (SCFM,; x G,;)

Moisture Mass Balance
(SCFMP 0 x GP 0 ) + (SCFM,0 x G ,0 )

A3. MOISTU RE MASS RATIO

The ratio of the rate of moisture removal on the process side of the device to the rate of moisture
addition on the regeneration side of the device.

Acceptable range: 0.95 to 1.05

MRC
Moisture Mass Ratio
MRR,;

A4. DEVICE PRESS U RE DIFFERENTIAL

The pressure differential between the regeneration inlet and process outlet airstreams.

Recommended range: -0.05 to +0.05 in. we

The pressure differential between the two airstreams should be monitored, especially for wheels
and other devices with physically coupled airstreams. Maximum test accuracy can be achieved by
maintaining a 0 differential.

Device Pressure Differential = P ri - Ppo

A5. MOISTU RE REM OVAL RATE

The quantity of moisture removed by regeneration. This metric should be calculated with the most
accurate regeneration airflow rate (the regeneration inlet airflow rate with a device pressure differ­
ential of O).

where p is gage pressure in in. we (mm we).

ANSI/ASHRAE Standard 139-2022 17

 POLICY STATEMENT DEFINING ASHRAE'S CONCERN
FOR THE ENVIRONMENTAL I MPACT OF ITS ACTIVITIES

ASH RAE is concerned with the impact of its members' activities on both the indoor and outdoor environment.
ASH RAE's members will strive to minimize any possible deleterious effect on the indoor and outdoor environment of
the systems and components in their responsibility while maximizing the beneficial effects these systems provide,
consistent with accepted Standards and the practical state of the art.
ASH RAE's short-range goal is to ensure that the systems and components within its scope do not impact the
indoor and outdoor environment to a greater extent than specified by the Standards and Guidelines as established by
itself and other responsible bodies.
As an ongoing goal, ASH RAE will, through its Standards Committee and extensive Technical Committee structure,
continue to generate up-to-date Standards and Guidelines where appropriate and adopt, recommend, and promote
those new and revised Standards developed by other responsible organizations.
Through its Handbook, appropriate chapters wil l contain up-to-date Standards and design considerations as the
material is systematically revised.
ASH RAE will take the lead with respect to dissemination of environmental information of its primary interest and
will seek out and disseminate information from other responsible organizations that is pertinent, as guides to updating
Standards and Guidelines.
The effects of the design and selection of equipment and systems wil l be considered within the scope of the
system's intended use and expected misuse. The disposal of hazardous materials, if any, will also be considered.
ASH RAE's primary concern for environmental impact will be at the site where equipment within ASH RAE's scope
operates. However, energy source selection and the possible environmental impact due to the energy source and
energy transportation will be considered where possible. Recommendations concerning energy source selection
should be made by its members.
 ASHRAE · 1 80 Technology Parkway NW · Peachtree Corners, GA 30092 · www.ashrae.org

About ASHRAE

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sciences of heating, ventilation, air conditioning, refrigeration, and their allied fields.

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Product code: 86543 2/22