PRACTICAL TEST 23

CHEMISTRY PAPER 3
CONFIDENTIAL INSTRUCTIONS
Each candidate will require the following in addition to the apparatus and fittings in a chemistry Lab.
1)
 3.6g Solid P (hydrated acid with formula H2 C2O4.nH2O)
 Solution X (0.2M NaOH)
 Distilled water.
 Burette.
 Pipette
 Boiling tube.
 Source of heat.
 Thermometer.
 250ml volumetric flask.
 Label
 Phenolpthalein indicator .
 3 conical flasks.
2)
 50 cm3 of solution A (1.0 M NaOH).
 100cm3 of solution B (1.0M hydrochloric acid).
 Exactly 2.0g of solid sodium hydroxide in a corked boiling tube.
 One 50 ml measuring cylinder.
 One 100ml measuring cylinder
 100ml plastic beaker.
3).
 Solid Y-a mixture of calcium hydroxide and ammonium sulphate in the ratio 1:1.
 5 test tubes in a rack.
 2 boiling tubes.
 Source of heat.
 Red and blue litmus papers.
 A clean metallic spatula.
 Filter paper.
 Filter funnel.
Access reagents
 2M sodium hydroxide
 Aqueous ammonia
 2 M sodium carbonate solution
 Barium chloride solution
 2M hydrochloric acid.
 CHEMISTRY
Paper 3
PRACTICAL
Time: 2 ¼ Hours
1. You are provided with;
- 3.6g of solid P which is a hydrated acid with formula H2C2O4.nH2O
- Solution X, a 0.2M sodium hydroxide solution.
You are required to determine:
(i) Solubility of solid P
(ii) The value of n in the formula H2C2O4.nH2O
Procedure 1
(i) Fill the burette with distilled water
(ii) Place solid P in the boiling tube.
(iii) Transfer 4cm3 of distilled water from the burette into the boiling tube containing solid P.
(iv) Heat the mixture while stirring with the thermometer to a temperature of 80˚C.
(v) Allow the solution to cool while stirring with a thermometer.
(vi) Record the temperature at which the crystals start to form in the table below
(vii)Add a further 2cm3 of distilled water from the burette to the mixture
Repeat procedure (iv) and (v) above and record the crystallization temperature. Complete the table below
by adding the volumes of distilled water as indicated. (PRESERVE THE CONTENTS)

Volume of distilled water Crystallization temperature Solubility of solid P in g/100g of water

10

12

(4 marks)
On the grid provided, plot a graph of solubility of solid P (y – axis) against crystallization temperature.
(3 marks)
From the graph determine;
(i) The solubility of solid P at 60˚C
(1 mark)
(ii) The temperature at which 40g of P dissolves in 50g of water
(1 mark)
 Procedure II
(i) Transfer the contents of the boiling tube in procedure I to a clean 250ml volumetric flask.
(ii) Add distilled water to the mark
(iii) Label the resulting solution as Q
(iv) Fill the burette with solution Q
(v) Pipette 25cm3 of solution X into a clean conical flask. Add three drops of phenolphthalein indicator
(vi) Titrate Q against X to an accurate end point.
Record your results in table II below.
Table II
(4 marks)
I II III

Final burette reading in cm3

Initial burette reading in cm3

Calculate;
a) Volumevolume
Average of solution used in cm3
of QQused
(1 mark)
b) i) Moles of solution X used
(1 mark)
ii) Moles of solution Q used
(1 mark)
iii) Concentration of solution Q in moles per litre
(1 mark)
c) Determine the value of n in the formula H2C2O4.nH2O
(2 marks)
2. You are provided with;
- 1.0M sodium hydroxide solution A
- 1.0M hydrochloric acid solution B
- Exactly 2.0g of solid sodium hydroxide in a corked boiling tube.
You are required to;
- Determine the molar enthalpy of neutralization of solution A
- Determine the molar enthalpy of neutralization of 2.0g solid sodium hydroxide
- Use the results to calculate the molar enthalpy of solution of sodium hydroxide
Procedure I
(i) Measure exactly 25.0cm3 of solution B using a 50ml measuring cylinder and note its steady temperature T1oC
while still in the measuring cylinder.
(ii) rinse the thermometer
(iii) Transfer 25cm3 of solution A into a 100ml plastic beaker using a clean 50ml measuring cylinder and note it’s
steady temperature T2oC
(iv) Add at once all the solution B to solution A in the plastic beaker
Carefully stir using a thermometer and note the highest temperature T3oC reached by the mixture
Table III
Temperature oC

Initial temperature of solution B, T1

Initial temperature of solution A, T2

Average temperature of solution A and B, T1 + T2

2
 Highest temperature reached T3

Temperature change

(2marks)
a) Calculate the heat change during the reaction
(1 mark)
(Assume that density of solution is 1g/cm3 and C = 4.2j/g/K)
b) Calculate the number of moles in 25cm3 of sodium hydroxide solution A
(1 mark)
c) Calculate the molar enthalpy of neutralization of aqueous sodium hydroxide (ΔH Neut)
(1 mark)
Procedure II
(i) Using a 50 ml measuring cylinder, measure 30.0cm3 solution B and note its initial steady temperature T4.
(ii) Quickly add the 30.0cm3 of solution B into a boiling tube containing 2.0g of solid sodium hydroxide and stir
using a thermometer.
Note the highest temperature T5 reached by the mixture.
Table IV
Initial steady temperature of solution T4

Maximum temperature of the mixture T5

Temperature change DT = T5 – T4

a) Calculate the number of moles in 2.0g of solid sodium hydroxide (Na=23, O=16, H=4)
(1 mark)
b) Calculate the molar enthalpy of neutralization of solid sodium hydroxide ΔHneut (C = 4.2kJ/kg/K)
(2 marks)
c) The equation below is part of an energy cycle diagram. Complete and use it to determine the enthalpy of
solution of solid sodium hydroxide.
water
NaOH(s) NaOH(aq)
3. You are provided with solid Y.
Divide the solid into two portions
a) Transfer the first portion into a clean dry boiling tube
Heat the solid gently and test the gases produced using moist litmus papers

Observation Inference
1 mark 1 mark

b) Transfer the second portion of solid Y into another clean dry boiling tube. Add about 10cm3 of distilled water.
Shake the mixture and filter into another boiling tube. Divide the filtrate into 5 test tubes.
Observation Inference
1 mark 1 mark

(i) To the first portion, add about 2cm3 of sodium carbonate solution

Observation Inference
½ mark ½ mark

(ii) To the second portion, add 2.0M sodium hydroxide drop wise until in excess.
 Observation Inference

½ mark ½ mark

(iii) To the third portion, add aqueous ammonia solution drop wise until in excess

Observation Inference
½ mark
1/2mark

(iv) To the fourth portion, add a few drops of barium chloride solution followed by 3 drops of dilute
hydrochloric acid.
Observation Inference
½ mark ½ mark

(v) Heat the tip of a clean spatula over the non luminous flame of the Bunsen burner. Dip the heated end of the
spatula into the fifth portion. Remove and heat the end over the flame.
Observation Inference
½ mark ½ mark