BUSINESS ORGANISATIONS AND MANAGEMENT PRACTICAL QUESTIONS

1. Explain the
concept of service.
Do you think that the
importance of
service sector in
2. our economy is on
the rise? Give
reasons for your
answers.
UNIT-1
INTRODUCTION AND FORMS OF BUSINESS ORGANISATION

1. Discuss a case study of successful Indian Business?

Case Study 1: Tata Group - Tata Consultancy Services (TCS)
Overview
Tata Consultancy Services (TCS) is India's largest IT services company and a subsidiary
of the Tata Group, one of India's oldest and most respected business conglomerates.
Founded in 1968, TCS has grown to become a global leader in IT services, consulting,
and business solutions.
Key Success Factors
1. Visionary Leadership: J.R.D. Tata's vision of creating a global IT services company
laid the foundation for TCS's success. His leadership and commitment to innovation
drove the company's growth.
2. Strategic Expansion: TCS expanded globally through strategic acquisitions,
partnerships, and organic growth, entering new markets and diversifying its service
offerings.
3. Innovation: TCS invested heavily in research and development, creating innovative
solutions and intellectual property (IP) that differentiated it from competitors.
4. Talent Acquisition and Development: TCS focused on attracting and retaining top
talent, investing in employee training and development programs.
5. Strong Corporate Governance: The Tata Group's commitment to ethics, transparency,
and social responsibility helped build trust with stakeholders.
Key Milestones
1. 1968: TCS founded as a division of Tata Sons.
2. 1970s: TCS began exporting IT services to the United States and Europe.
3. 1990s: TCS expanded to Asia-Pacific, Latin America, and the Middle East.
4. 2004: TCS listed on the Indian stock exchange (NSE and BSE).
5. 2015: TCS became India's largest IT services company, surpassing $10 billion in
revenue.
6. 2020: TCS reached $20 billion in revenue, with over 450,000 employees globally.

Achievements
1. Market Leadership: TCS is ranked among the top 10 IT services companies globally.
2. Revenue Growth: TCS has consistently delivered strong revenue growth, with a
CAGR of 15% over the past decade.
3. Innovation: TCS has developed numerous innovative solutions, including its AI-
powered platform, Ignio.
4. Awards and Recognition: TCS has received numerous awards, including the "Best IT
Services Company" at the 2020 NASSCOM Awards.
Lessons Learned
1. Long-term vision: TCS's success demonstrates the importance of long-term vision and
strategic planning.
2. Innovation: Continuous investment in innovation and R&D is crucial for staying
ahead in a rapidly changing industry.
3. Talent development: Investing in employee development and retention is essential for
delivering high-quality services.
4. Strong governance: Ethical business practices and transparency are critical for
building trust with stakeholders.
Conclusion
TCS's success story serves as a model for Indian businesses aspiring to go global. Its
commitment to innovation, talent development, and strong governance has enabled the
company to become a leader in the IT services industry. The case study highlights the
importance of visionary leadership, strategic expansion, and continuous innovation in
achieving business success.
Case Study 2:. Infosys

- Founded: 1981
- Industry: IT Services
- Key Success Factors:
- Entrepreneurial spirit of founders (Narayana Murty, Nandan Nilekani, etc.)
- Focus on quality and innovation
- Strategic expansion into new markets and services
- Strong corporate governance
- Achievements:
- India's second-largest IT services company
- Revenue growth from $100 million to $14 billion in 40 years
- Listed on NYSE and NASDAQ

Case Study 3:. Patanjali Ayurved

- Founded: 2006
- Industry: FMCG (Fast-Moving Consumer Goods)
- Key Success Factors:
- Unique blend of Ayurvedic products and modern marketing
- Focus on quality and affordability
- Strategic partnerships with retailers and distributors
- Effective branding and advertising
- Achievements:
- India's largest Ayurvedic products company
- Revenue growth from ₹400 crore to ₹30,000 crore in 15 years
- Expanded product portfolio to over 500 items

Case Study 4:. Flipkart

- Founded: 2007
- Industry: E-commerce
- Key Success Factors:
- First-mover advantage in Indian e-commerce
- Focus on customer experience and convenience
- Strategic acquisitions (Myntra, Jabong, etc.)
 - Innovative payment solutions (Cash-on-Delivery, etc.)
- Achievements:
- India's largest e-commerce company (acquired by Walmart in 2018)
- Revenue growth from ₹50 lakh to ₹45,000 crore in 11 years
- Over 300 million registered users

Case Study 5:. HDFC Bank

- Founded: 1994
- Industry: Banking and Financial Services
- Key Success Factors:
- Strong leadership (Aditya Puri)
- Focus on customer service and convenience
- Strategic expansion into rural and semi-urban areas
- Innovative digital banking solutions
- Achievements:
- India's largest private sector bank
- Revenue growth from ₹1,000 crore to ₹1.5 lakh crore in 25 years
- Over 50 million customers

Case Study 6:. Reliance Jio

- Founded: 2016
- Industry: Telecommunications
- Key Success Factors:
- Disruptive business model (free voice calls, low data rates)
- Strategic partnerships with technology providers
- Focus on digital inclusion and accessibility
- Innovative marketing and branding
- Achievements:
- India's largest telecom operator
- Over 400 million subscribers
- Revenue growth from ₹0 to ₹70,000 crore in 5 years

These case studies demonstrate the importance of:

1. Entrepreneurial spirit and vision

2. Focus on quality and innovation
3. Strategic expansion and partnerships
4. Strong corporate governance and leadership
5. Effective branding and marketing
6. Adaptability and resilience in a rapidly changing business environment.

2. Highlight the essential qualities of successful businessmen?

Successful businessmen often possess a combination of skills, traits, and qualities that
enable them to achieve their goals and sustain their success. Here are some essential
qualities of successful businessmen:

Personal Qualities:
1. Visionary thinking: Ability to see opportunities and envision the future.
2. Passion: Drive and enthusiasm for their business.
3. Resilience: Ability to bounce back from failures and setbacks.
4. Adaptability: Willingness to adjust to changing circumstances.
5. Integrity: Strong moral principles and ethics.
6. Self-discipline: Ability to prioritize and manage time effectively.
7. Risk-taking: Willingness to take calculated risks.

Business Acumen:
1. Strategic thinking: Ability to develop and execute business strategies.
2. Market knowledge: Understanding of market trends, customer needs, and
competition.
3. Financial management: Ability to manage finances, make smart investments, and
optimize resources.
4. Leadership: Ability to inspire, motivate, and empower teams.
5. Innovation: Encouraging creativity and innovation.
6. Networking: Building and maintaining relationships with stakeholders.
7. Decision-making: Ability to make informed, timely, and decisive decisions.

Interpersonal Skills:
1. Communication: Effective verbal and non-verbal communication.
2. Emotional intelligence: Empathy, self-awareness, and social skills.
3. Team building: Ability to build and manage high-performing teams.
4. Negotiation: Ability to negotiate and close deals.
5. Conflict resolution: Ability to manage and resolve conflicts.
6. Active listening: Ability to listen and understand others' perspectives.
7. Empathy: Understanding and relating to customers, employees, and stakeholders.

Professional Qualities:
1. Continuous learning: Commitment to ongoing education and self-improvement.
2. Accountability: Taking responsibility for actions and outcomes.
3. Transparency: Open and honest communication.
4. Flexibility: Ability to pivot and adjust plans.
5. Focus: Ability to prioritize and maintain focus.
6. Perseverance: Ability to overcome obstacles and stay motivated.
7. Creativity: Encouraging innovation and thinking outside the box.

Some examples of successful businessmen who embody these qualities include:

1. Ratan Tata (Tata Group) 2. Narayana Murty (Infosys)

3. Mukesh Ambani (Reliance Industries) 4. Azim Premji (Wipro)

 5. Vijay Shekhar Sharma (Paytm) 6. Kunal Bahl (Snapdeal) 7. Sachin Bansal (Flipkart)

8. Indra Nooyi (Pepsico) 9. Kiran Mazumdar Shaw Biocon Limited

10. Naina Lal Kidwai is an Indian Chartered Accountant, banker, and business executive. She was a
former president of the Federation of Indian Chambers of Commerce and Industry.

4. Prepare a chart/Record showing the Industry, Commerce and

Trade?

a chart showing the different sectors within Industry, Commerce, and

Trade:
Industry
Sector Description
1. Primary ------ Extraction of raw materials (mining, agriculture, etc.)
2. Secondary ---- Manufacturing and processing (textiles, steel, etc.)
3. Tertiary ---- Services (finance, logistics, hospitality, etc.)
4. Quaternary ---- Knowledge-based services (IT, consulting, research,
etc.)

Commerce
 Sector Description
1. Wholesale ------ Bulk sale of goods to retailers or manufacturers
2. Retail ------ Sale of goods directly to consumers
3. E-commerce ------ Online buying and selling
4. International Trade ----- -Export and import of goods across countries

Trade
Type Description
1. Internal Trade ------ Trade within a country's borders
2. International Trade ------ Trade between countries
3. Entrepot Trade ------ Trade through a central hub (e.g., Singapore)
4. Bilateral Trade ------ Trade between two countries

Key Industries in India

Industry Description
1. Textiles ------ Apparel, fabric, and yarn manufacturing
2. IT/ITES ------ Software development, BPO, and KPO services
3. Pharmaceuticals Drug manufacturing and research
4. Automotive ------ Vehicle manufacturing and components
5. Steel ------ Iron and steel production
6. Cement ------ Cement production and construction materials
7. Agriculture ------ Crop production, processing, and export

Key Commerce Hubs in India

City Description
1. Mumbai ------ Financial capital, port, and trade hub
2. Delhi ------ Retail, wholesale, and e-commerce hub
3. Bengaluru ------ IT and startup hub
4. Chennai ------ Port city and automotive hub
5. Kolkata ------ Eastern India's commercial hub
6. Ahmedabad ------ Textile and pharmaceutical hub
7. Hyderabad ------ IT and pharmaceutical hub

4. List out the classification of industries with examples?

Primary Industries
1. Agriculture (crop production, livestock, dairy)
- Example: Monsanto, Nestle
2. Forestry (timber, paper, pulp)
- Example: Weyerhaeuser, International Paper
3. Fishing (seafood, aquaculture)
- Example: Thai Union, High Liner Foods
4. Mining (coal, iron ore, precious metals)
- Example: Rio Tinto, Barrick Gold
5. Quarrying (stone, sand, gravel)
- Example: Vulcan Materials, Martin Marietta
Secondary Industries
1. Manufacturing (processing raw materials)
- Example: Procter & Gamble, 3M
2. Construction (building, infrastructure)
- Example: Bechtel, Vinci
3. Energy (oil & gas, renewable energy)
- Example: ExxonMobil, Vestas
4. Chemicals (pharmaceuticals, fertilizers)
 - Example: DuPont, Dow Chemical
5. Steel (iron & steel production)
- Example: ArcelorMittal, Nippon Steel

Tertiary Industries
1. Services (finance, logistics, hospitality)
- Example: JPMorgan Chase, FedEx, Marriott
2. Transportation (airlines, shipping, trucking)
- Example: American Airlines, Maersk, UPS
3. Communication (telecom, media)
- Example: Verizon, Comcast, News Corp
4. Education (universities, training institutions)
- Example: Harvard University, Coursera
5. Healthcare (hospitals, medical devices)
- Example: Johnson & Johnson, Pfizer

Others
1. Information Technology (software, hardware)
Example: Microsoft, Apple
2. Research & Development (scientific research)
Example: NASA, CERN
3. Consulting (management, financial)
Example: McKinsey, Deloitte
4. Financial Services (banking, insurance)
Example: Goldman Sachs, Allianz
5. Tourism (travel, hospitality)
Example: Expedia, Hilton Hotels
6. Renewable Energy (solar, wind)
Example: Tesla, SunPower
7. Biotechnology (genomics, biopharma)
Example: Biogen, Illumina
8. Nanotechnology (materials science)
Example: Intel, 3M
9. Cybersecurity (information security)
Example: Palo Alto Networks, Cyberark
10. Electric Vehicles (EV manufacturing)
Example: Tesla, NIO

5. Prepare and fill a checklist of documents to be submitted to

registration of Partnership Business? And Draft a Partnership
Deed with imaginary details?
Partnership Registration Checklist
Basic Documents
1. Partnership Deed (drafted and signed by all partners)
2. PAN Card (Permanent Account Number) of the Partnership Firm
3. PAN Card of all Partners
4. Identity Proof (Aadhaar Card/Driving License/Passport) of all Partners
5. Address Proof (Utility Bill/Bank Statement) of the Partnership Firm

Registration Documents
1. Registration Application Form (Form 1)
2. Memorandum of Partnership (Form 2)
3. Affidavit of Partners (stating intention to form partnership)
4. Certificate of Registration (issued by Registrar of Firms)

Other Documents
1. Partnership Firm's Bank Account Opening Form
2. Bank Statement or Cancelled Cheque of Partnership Firm's Account
3. Proof of Business Address (Rent Agreement/Ownership Deed)
4. No Objection Certificate (NOC) from Landlord (if rented)
5. GST Registration Certificate (if applicable)

Registration Process
1. Obtain Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) for partners
2. File online application with Registrar of Firms
3. Pay registration fees
4. Submit hard copy of documents to Registrar of Firms
5. Receive Certificate of Registration

Documents Required for Partnership Deed

1. Name and Address of Partnership Firm
2. Names and Addresses of Partners
3. Business Objective and Scope
4. Capital Contribution of Partners
5. Profit-Sharing Ratio
6. Roles and Responsibilities of Partners
7. Duration of Partnership
8. Dispute Resolution Mechanism

Timeline
1. Registration application filing: 1-2 days
2. Verification and approval: 7-15 days
3. Certificate issuance: 15-30 days
Fees
1. Registration fees: ₹1,000 - ₹5,000
2. Stamp duty: varies by state (typically 2-5% of capital contribution)
3. Professional fees (CA/Lawyer): ₹5,000 - ₹20,000
 UNIT-2
JOINT BSTOCK COMPANY
6. Prepare a chart/Record showing various types of companies?

7. Prepare chart/Record showing the stages of Incorporation of a

Company?
Stages of Incorporation

Stage 1: Pre-Incorporation (1-3 days)

1. Choose Company Name Verify availability and reserve name
2. Determine Business Structure Decide on type (Private, Public, Non-Profit)
3. Obtain DSC (Digital Signature Certificate) For directors and shareholders

Stage 2: Documentation (3-7 days)

1. Draft Memorandum of Association (MoA) Defines company's objectives and scope
2. Draft Articles of Association (AoA) Outlines company's rules and regulations
3. Prepare Incorporation Documents Form INC-1, INC-2, INC-7, etc.

Stage 3: Filing and Registration (7-15 days)

1. File Incorporation Documents With Registrar of Companies (ROC)
2. Pay Registration Fees ₹1,000 - ₹5,000 (depending on company type)
3. Receive Certificate of Incorporation Issued by ROC

Stage 4: Post-Incorporation (15-30 days)

1. Obtain PAN (Permanent Account Number) For tax purposes
2. Open Company Bank Account For financial transactions
3. Obtain GST Registration If applicable
4. Obtain Other Licenses and Permits Depending on business activity

Fees
- Registration fees: ₹1,000 - ₹5,000
- Stamp duty: varies by state (typically 2-5% of authorized capital)
- Professional fees: ₹10,000 - ₹50,000

Documents Required
- MoA and AoA
- Incorporation documents (Form INC-1, INC-2, INC-7, etc.)
- ID and address proof of directors and shareholders
- DSC (Digital Signature Certificate)
8. Draw a table showing the difference between Public Company
and Private Company?
 9. Draft The document Memorandum of Association (MOA) with
clauses
As per Companies Act, 1956
10.Draft The document Articles of Association (AOA) with
contents?
 UNIT-3
INTRODUCTION TO FUNCTIONS OF MANAGEMENT

11.List out Few Successful Managers and explain the Management styles?
List out Few Successful Managers
1. Sundar Pichai (Alphabet) - CEO of Google and Alphabet.
2. Elon Musk (Tesla, SpaceX) - Known for innovative leadership and vision.
3. Jeff Bezos (Amazon) - Founder and executive chair of the e-commerce giant.
4. Mary Barra (General Motors) - First female CEO of a major automaker.
5. Tim Cook (Apple) - Led Apple's continued success and innovation.
6. Howard Schultz (Starbucks) - Transformative leader in the coffee industry.
7. Mark Zuckerberg (Meta) - Co-founder and CEO.
8. Satya Nadella (Microsoft) - Led Microsoft's cloud computing transformation.
9. Reid Hoffman (LinkedIn) - Co-founder and venture capitalist.
10. Drew Houston (Dropbox) - Co-founder and CEO.
11. Steven Spielberg (Film director/producer) - Iconic filmmaker.
12. Oprah Winfrey (Media executive) - Media mogul and philanthropist.
13. Bob Iger (The Walt Disney Company) - Led Disney's expansion.
14. Jay-Z (Roc Nation) - Successful entrepreneur and musician.
15. Ryan Murphy (TV producer) - Creator of hit shows.
12.Show a Diagrammatic representation of Level of Management and
Skills of Management?
13.Exhibit the important Functions of Management in the form of
chart/Record?
14.Highlight The 14 Principles of Management of Henry Fayol through a
Diagram?

15.Exhibit elements of Taylor’s Scientific Management Theory through a

poster?
 UNIT-4
PLANNING AND ORGANISING

16.Prepare chart/Record showing steps in Planning?

17.Prepare chart/Record showing Types of Plans?
18.Prepare Organization chart/Record for your College?
19.Prepare Organization chart/Record for Functional Organisation?

20.Discuss styles of Leadership of Rattan Tata and Steve Jobs?

Leadership Skills, Qualities, and Styles of Ratan Tata

Ratan Tata is one of the most influential leaders India . He was born on 28 December 1937
in Surat. The 81-year-old man began his career in 1961 with the Tata group. He led the company
from a $ 1.5 billion market cap to a $ 100 billion market cap with his great leadership. Tata
group was founded in 1868 which was headquartered in Mumbai, India. Ratan Tata is the
grandson of Jamsetji Tata, who is well known as “The Father of Indian Industry.” He spent
around 21 years to lead the Tata Sons from 1991-2012 and he is called a “born leader” for his
contributions to the business and industry as a whole. Ratan Naval Tata has also been awarded
“PadamVibhushan” and “PadamBhushan” in the year 2008 & 2000 respectively for his
contribution towards trade and industry.
Leadership Qualities and Styles of Ratan Tata
He has great leadership qualities and skills from which we can learn how to be a great and
influential leader in the future. We will discuss some of his illustrious leadership qualities and
skills. We can consider A Man with Positive Attitude: He always has a positive attitude and he
puts a smile on his face in every situation. He always possesses a positive outlook towards any
difficult situation. He always tries to be a doer, not a criticizer.
Risk Taker: He always believes in taking the risk. He thinks that life is not lived unless he takes
chances and learns how to survive the odds of new challenges. Once he said, “I don’t believe in
making the right decisions. I take decisions and make them right.”
A Man with Promise: He is a man of keeping the promise. For example, one of his pet projects
Nano was mired in controversy about land acquisition for the factory. After the protest of
farmers in Singur, West Bengal, his company had to pull out of the state. But after all these
happenings, He kept his promise run this project. Tata was shifted to Gujarat and delivered its
promise to build the cheapest car.

Few other leadership traits of Ratan Tata are given below:

 Decision Maker
  Initiator
 A Man of Integrity
 A lifelong learner
His leadership styles helped him to run the business smoothly. Mr. Ratan is an unwearying
individual. He never keeps his work undone for tomorrow. He is also capable of bringing
tremendous energy in any matter, be it finance, technical stuff or business. He also created a
structure in his organization through which his company transfers a huge amount of
responsibility from the center to states. As a result, different types of leaders come out from
different business environments.
Leadership Skills of Ratan Tata
A Man with Management Skills: Ratan Tata possesses management skills even before he was a
leader. He understands very well when changing the management style in order to lead his
organization through a certain process. The management style of the whole Tata Group has
changed remarkably after Ratan Tata became the leader of the Group. With the help of his
management skills, trust has become a huge facet of the Tata group. Ratan Tata approached
different managerial skills in a short period of time when quick and informed decisions need to
be taken. Being a man of few words, he has the leadership skill to push for bold international
deals specifically at the time of global acquisitions of business powerhouses namely Jaguar,
Corus and Tetley Tea, etc.
Creative: Ratan Tata is a man with creative skills. As a leader, he has to take a number of
decisions and he has to think out of the box. He is creative in investing in different companies to
safeguard his investments. Such as he obtained a stake in Snapdeal, a leading e-commerce site,
and Chinese giant Xiaomi. With the help of his creativity, he ensures that his investment is safe
by investing his money in different projects. Moreover, he used his excellent creativity both in
Titan Edge watches which developed the world’s thinnest watch and in Nano which has become
the cheapest car in the world.
Expert in Handling Human Relations: Human relations is very important to bring success to the
company. Ratan Tata has the skill to handle human relationships in a good manner. He gives
great importance to this matter. He is an expert in bringing all the officers of his company
together and inspires them to work with unity of command and direction. According to Jaago Re
campaign, he included Tata Group’s CEO’s concept of community philanthropy in the
workplace as evidence of Tata Group’s steadfast commitment to social service.
 Leadership Skills, Qualities, and Styles of Steve Jobs’ Leadership
Style

Steve Jobs left behind an incredible legacy: From computers and technology, to music and
movies, his influence and innovations revolutionized industries. They continue to shape how we
consume information and entertainment, achieve productivity, and communicate with each other
in modern times.

With his success in leading Apple, NeXT, and Pixar, there is much we can learn from Steve Jobs
as a leader and trailblazer.

In the following sections below, we will look at the 10 most important leadership lessons and
traits that can be gleaned from the experiences and enormous successes of Steve Jobs. We will
delve into the choices he made as a business mogul in order to better understand how his passion
and dedication to his craft can be emulated by anyone looking to enhance their own leadership
skills.

The Leadership Style of Steve Jobs:

The Top 10 Leadership Traits of the Man Behind Apple, NeXT, and Pixar

Table of Contents

 1. Don’t Do It for The Money

 2. Set Impossibly High Standards
 3. Hire The Best
 4. Practice Innovation
 5. Build a Brand
 6. Stay Persistent
 7. Manage Controversy
 8. Develop Your Speaking Skills
 9. Plan for Succession
 10. Be Inspired
 UNIT-5
AUTHORITY, COORDINATION AND CONTROL
21.Draw a Diagram showing the Principles of Coordination?

22.Prepare a chart/Record showing factors of Span of Management?

23.Draw a Diagram containing the steps in Delegation of Authority?
24.Prepare a chart/Record showing difference between Centralization and
Decentralization?
25.Prepare a chart/Record showing various steps of Controlling Process.