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Building Drawing

The document outlines the fundamentals of building drawing, covering types of structures, including framed and load-bearing structures, as well as essential components such as substructure and superstructure. It also explains the different views of a building (plan, elevation, section) and includes typical dimensions and symbols used in civil engineering drawings. Additionally, it provides practice problems for students to apply their knowledge in building drawing concepts.

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0 views60 pages

Building Drawing

The document outlines the fundamentals of building drawing, covering types of structures, including framed and load-bearing structures, as well as essential components such as substructure and superstructure. It also explains the different views of a building (plan, elevation, section) and includes typical dimensions and symbols used in civil engineering drawings. Additionally, it provides practice problems for students to apply their knowledge in building drawing concepts.

Uploaded by

sadmanaster70
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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CEE 4102

Civil Engineering Drawing I

Building
Drawing

Samia Syeoti Ramim


Lecturer, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering
Islamic University of Technology
Topics

 Building Structure
 Plan, Elevation, Section of a Building
 Components of Building
 Signs and Symbols
 Typical Dimensions
 Practice Problems
Building Structure
Basically in building structures there are 2 types of
structures:
(1) Framed structure: A Framed structure is one in which
structural members such as columns, Beams, slabs etc. are
first cast monolithically before the main walls are installed.
Load -> Slab -> Beam-> Column->Foundation
In this system, the masonry walls are not subjected to any
load and so, the interior layout is flexible and can be
changed any time. The walls can be thinner too, thus
increasing the carpet area.
Frame structures are preferable to load bearing wall
structure in the construction of large and multi-storey
buildings.
Building Structure
(1) Framed structure: • This building has ground
floor, first floor, second
floor, and terrace floor
• The vertical elements
are the columns
• The horizontal bands are
the beams
• The flat surface on
which one can stand is
the slab
• Walls, windows are
added later to give
protection to inhabitants
Building Structure

(2) Load Bearing structure: A Load bearing structure is


best described as any structure in which walls bears all
loads resting upon it. The wall also does the job of
transferring these loads imposed on the building to the
foundation
Such type of structures are most suited where hard strata
of soil is available at shallow depth
Here the walls play a dual role of taking loads and
protecting the inhabitants. The walls are generally brick or
stone
Load -> Slab -> Wall -> Foundation
Building Structure

(2) Load Bearing structure:


Plan, Elevation, Section of a Building
Top view → Plan
Front view → Elevation
Section View → Sectional Elevation

Plan: If a building is cut at mid-height and seen from top, then


the view is called plan
Elevation: What we see if we observe a building from any side
is called elevation
A building has 4 elevations
In elevation only the structure above ground is shown
Section View: If a room is cut vertically in any direction and
observed, then it is called section
In section, structure below ground is shown. That is, the
foundation will be observed in section view
Plan, Elevation, Section of a Building
Plan, Elevation, Section of a Building
Plan, Elevation, Section of a Building
Plan, Elevation, Section of a Building
Plan, Elevation, Section of a Building
Components of Building
There are two basic components of a building:
1. Sub Structure: The part of building that is constructed
below ground level (Foundation & Plinth)
2. Super Structure: The part of building that is above
ground level (Wall, Floor/Slab, Lintel and sunshade,
Step and stair, Roof)
Components of Building
Components of Building
Components of Building
Components of Building

STAIR:
Scale
Signs & Symbols
(1) or (2) Masonry Section
Used in Elevation
(3) or (4) Masonry Pointing
Used in Elevation
(5) Concrete Section
Used in Plan or Elevation
(6) Plaster or brick concrete section
Used in Plan or Elevation
(7) Wood Section, having the section at
right angle of the fiber
Used in Plan or Elevation
(8) Wood Section taken along the length
of the fiber
Used in Plan or Elevation
(9) Soil
Used in Elevation
(10) Glass
Used in Elevation
Signs & Symbols
BRICK:
Actual size → 2.5” x 4.5” x 9.5”
With Mortar → 3” x 5” x 10” (we’ll use this)
Thickness of Brick wall will be multiple of 5
Symbol → normal hatch line
Signs & Symbols
GLASS:
Symbol → Three inclined lines, the middle one being
bigger than the other two; inclination can be in both sides
(same for both section and normal view)
Signs & Symbols
WOOD:
Symbol → Curved Lines (normal view)
Symbol → Curved Lines + Inclined Lines (section view)
Signs & Symbols
RCC: Reinforced Cement Concrete
Symbol → Dot + Triangle
CC: Cement Concrete
Symbol → Dot
LC: Lime Concrete
Symbol → Dot
Signs & Symbols
RCC Lintel:
Symbol → Dot + Triangle
DPC: Damp Proof Course
Symbol → solid fill
Provided between foundation and wall
Signs & Symbols
WINDOW:
Window frame thickness will be equal to the thickness of
wall
Signs & Symbols
WINDOW:

2"
4" 3"
3"
Signs & Symbols

DOOR:
In elevation, windows and doors are
always closed
In plan view, windows and doors can
be either closed or open
Typical Dimensions

GL (Ground Level) to PL (Plinth Level) → 2’


PL to Window → 3’ or 2’6”
Window → 3’ x 4’6” or 3’ x 5’
Door → 3’6” x 7’
Window Sill → at 2’6” height from floor
Lintel Height → 6”

Thickness of DPC (Damp Proof Course) → 1”


(For a 10” wall DPC width is 15”)

Floor → 3” BFS (Brick Flat Soling) + 3” CC (Cement


Concrete) + 1” Floor Finish
Typical Dimensions

Floor Height → Vertical distance from floor to beam or


floor to ceiling → 10’
Slab Thickness → 6”

Extension for Cornice → 1’6” or 2’


(In Elevation, there will be 3 lines visible for CORNICE as
it is slant)
Drop Wall → 5” thickness and 1.5’/2.0/2.5’ height

For Terracing → 3” Lime Concrete


Terracing → 5” offset from Parapet
Parapet → 5” thickness and 3’ or 2’6” height
Typical Dimensions

STAIR:
Thread → 9” to 12” (usually 10”)
Rise → 4” to 6” (usually 6”)
Length of step → at least 3’
Landing → at 5’ height if floor to floor distance is 10’
Half Landing Length → 6’
Half Landing Width → 3’ or 4’
Height of Post → 2.5’
Railing Thickness → 3” or 6”
Railing Height → 2.5’ or 3’
Stair Room → Height = 7’ to 8’ and
Length x Width = 6’ x 14’6”
Typical Dimensions
Typical Dimensions
Typical Dimensions

Window Section
Practice Problem - 1
Practice Problem - 1
Practice Problem - 1
Practice Problem - 1
Practice Problem - 2
Practice Problem - 2
Practice Problem - 2
Practice Problem - 2
Practice Problem - 2
Practice Problem - 2
Practice Problem - 2
Practice Problem - 2
Practice Problem - 3
Practice Problem - 3
Practice Problem - 3
Practice Problem - 3
Practice Problem - 4
Practice Problem - 4
Practice Problem - 4
Practice Problem - 4
Electrical Plan - Symbols
Electrical Plan for Building
Electrical Plan for Building
Electrical Plan for Building
Electrical Plan for Building
Electrical Plan for Building
Thank You

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