✅ 1.
Model Generation
Start a new STAAD project and define units (typically kN, m).
Create the structural geometry using nodes, beams, and plates (if
required).
Assign proper member/element properties like:
o Cross-sectional dimensions (for beams/columns).
o Thickness (for plates).
✅ 2. Define Material Properties
Use default or define concrete/steel as per project requirements:
o Example: Concrete (E = 25,000 MPa, Poisson’s ratio = 0.2, density
= 25 kN/m³)
✅ 3. Define Support Conditions
Assign proper support conditions (Fixed, Pinned, etc.) at the base.
Use Fixed But supports to allow for mass participation (i.e., restrict
translation but allow rotation, if needed).
✅ 4. Assign Loads
Dead Load (DL): Self-weight + any other permanent loads.
Live Load (LL): Occupancy loads.
Other loads: Wind, snow, etc. (optional if not relevant).
✅ Important: Apply these loads under load cases but do not combine them
with response spectrum load yet.
✅ 5. Define Mass Model for Seismic Analysis
Define a mass reference load case which STAAD uses for computing the
mass participation in seismic analysis.
Mass Load Includes:
Self-weight
Dead loads
Appropriate portion of live load (as per IS 1893, typically 25% for floors)
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LOAD 10 LOADTYPE Mass TITLE MASS LOAD
SELFWEIGHT Y -1
JOINT LOAD (if any mass lumping is used)
MEMBER LOAD (converted to mass)
✅ 6. Define Seismic Parameters (Response Spectrum)
Go to Seismic Definition under the Load & Definition tab.
Choose:
o Code: IS 1893-2016
o Direction: X, Z or both
o Zone Factor (Z): Based on seismic zone
o Importance Factor (I): 1.0 (normal), 1.5 (important structures)
o Response Reduction Factor (R): Depends on system (e.g., 5 for
SMRF)
o Soil Type: Type I (hard), II (medium), III (soft)
o Damping: 5% (default)
Define the response spectrum load case using this definition.
✅ 7. Define Load Case for Response Spectrum
Create a load case for RSA:
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LOAD 20 LOADTYPE Seismic TITLE RSA-X
SPECTRUM LOAD X 1.0
Similarly for Z:
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LOAD 21 LOADTYPE Seismic TITLE RSA-Z
SPECTRUM LOAD Z 1.0
Note: Direction multiplier (1.0) can be modified based on requirement.
✅ 8. Define Load Combinations
Combine RSA with other load cases using combinations as per IS 1893:
Example Load Combinations:
1.5(DL + LL)
1.2(DL + LL + EQX)
1.5(DL + EQX)
0.9DL + 1.5EQX
and same for EQZ
Use LOAD COMB feature to define these.
✅ 9. Perform Analysis
Go to Analysis > Add New > Select Modal Calculation + Response
Spectrum + Static Analysis
Run the analysis
✅ 10. Review Results
Check:
Modal participation
Storey drift (if modeled as frames)
Displacements
Member forces
Base shear (compare with calculated value from IS code)
✅ 11. Base Shear Scaling (if required)
If STAAD's RSA base shear is less than 80% of IS 1893 static base shear, you
need to scale the spectrum or results.
Base Shear Check:
Compare base shear from STAAD (RSA) vs manually calculated equivalent static
base shear as per IS 1893.
If:
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Base Shear from RSA < 0.8 x Base Shear from static method
Then scale the results (you can use PERFORM ANALYSIS and PRINT BASE SHEAR
to extract values).
✅ 12. Report Generation
Extract reports for:
o Modal results
o Displacements
o Member forces
o Story drift (optional)
Ensure to include spectrum definitions and scaling info in documentation.
