Summary 1erChapter, Book Analysis and

Information Systems Design

Julio González Farías
School of Engineering and Technology, San Sebastián University
Santiago, Chile
[email protected]

Abstract—This document allows us to have a personal approach to what is proposed by

the author of the book, James Seen, about what an information system is. This document
It focuses on the first introductory chapter of the book, where concepts are explained to us.
keys for the total understanding of the other chapters.

I. Introduction

The analysis and design of an information system are key tools in the
complete understanding of the problem to be solved or the process to be automated, within this
plays a fundamental role, who analyzes the system and who designs it. Therefore,
emphasizes the good preparation of those who have to model the systems of a company
u organization. Regarding the information, this is essential for the normal
operation of the system, as it depends on all the components of
systems communicate and know how to act in the future, in case they need to
unleash a set of actions in favor of this. Nowadays, everything is information,
our bank accounts, stock numbers, student registry and grades
from a university, all of this leads to the need for system solutions to
manage so much information.

II. Systems Analyst

The systems analyst in a company is the one who dedicates themselves to studying the activities
from this, and take the requirements for new systems. There are also analysts and
designers, who, apart from conducting the analysis, also dedicate themselves to designing it. Also
we have the analyst who fulfills design and programming, he also participates in the
development process of a system. It is worth mentioning that the work of the systems analyst
varies according to the company or the objective, commonly in small companies the analyst
will carry out a broader job, focusing on design and programming, as the
As the size of a company increases, it now has a specific person in each area and the
analysts only focus on their specialization. The book tells us that they have increased the
personal computers, which at the time is believable, but is already so in the present.
a fact.

III. Users

We commonly refer to the users who will interact with the system as
end users, in this book are differentiated. There are direct end users, who
they are the ones in direct interaction with the computer. The end users
indirect users who operate with the information provided by the system. The users
administrators who control the processes executed by the system, and the executives who
they use the processed information provided by the system to make decisions in their
organization.

IV. Key concepts first chapter

For the author of the book, a system at a general level is a set of components that
they interact with each other for a common purpose, if we look at it more closely, it can
to interpret as a set of processes, tasks, material or human resources.
The concept of Analysis is handled in the same way. Analysis studies the environment of
system and the person responsible for carrying this out is the systems analyst, they must study
the behavior of all the components that interact in the system, something more or
less outdated from the book is that it indicates to us that users are gradually
involving in the analysis to improve the system design, but if we look at it in the
currently the end user plays a fundamental role in what should or should not have a
information system [1].
The systems can be made up of subsystems that interact for a system
larger. There are several types of systems, the most important one and to which they relate
with the organization are open systems. An open system is one that interacts with
Their environment is delivering information as input to be processed and sends it
again to the outside as an exit. All subsystems require control of their
parts for its operation and to meet standards.
Organizational information systems are those that process inputs, what
it converts and processes with the organization's files and delivers them in reports or
report, for these systems all the behavior of the company must be studied,
They commonly rely on flowcharts to analyze the different areas or
departments within the company.
There are several types of systems, the TPS, transaction processing systems.
transactions, commonly receive data, process it, and store it, it can be seen
reflected, for example, in ATM systems. Systems of
administrative information, they use the provided information for decision making
decisions within an organization. Systems for decision support are
auxiliary systems that help managers make decisions, but only serve to
in no way do they replace your decisions. In this way, it can be seen that
Within an organization, there can be various types of systems.

V. Strategies for the development of a system

The book tells us that the development of systems has been adapting to the users that
They interact with the computer more and more, which is already a fact today.
Within the development strategies, we have different methods.
Systems development life cycle, contains the basic development activities
such as preliminary research, requirements determination, design,
development, testing, and implementation, this allows us to have the defined stages and not
advance if one is not well completed.
Structured Method involves diagramming the solution, development is employed.
iterative, where improvements are gradually added.
Prototyping method, in my opinion the least advisable, and it is only chosen when not
A lot of information is handled about what is wanted to be done, and it consists of creating a prototype.
and improve it as needed or as errors or improvements are identified.

VI. Life cycle

This is divided into stages, which includes from research, determination of

requirements, system design, development, testing, and finally implementation,
As you can see, the system design is part of something bigger, and in my opinion, it is
the most important thing, since the design shows us how our system will meet the
requirements. The first stage of research allows us to understand what the user
requires, and if it is possible to carry out the project. The requirements stage of the system is
key for the proper design of this, as it explains the functionalities it must have
and how it should be. In the design stage, it is very important as it allows for the
programmers need to know what the software should have, whether graphically or
functionally. Within software development, there is not much to explain about the name
from the stage explains broadly what happens, where programmers take to
The design is finished. In the testing and implementation phase, failure controls are carried out.
the software is also made to interact with end users so that they can evaluate
your experience with the system and provide feedback during the implementation,
Once the testing phase is completed, the software installation is rolled out to everyone.
users, and in this phase their operation is also re-evaluated in practice
same.

VII. Structured

This system focuses on what they want the system to do, we are informed that it will do
the system once implemented, and from this develop some type of design. The
the way this is represented is through graphs and diagrams, which detail the
functioning of the system and how it interacts with others. This leads us to another concept
the structured design, which is responsible for specifying how the parts of the system
interact with other parts or with other systems, they are also represented by
diagrams.

VIII. Prototype

This method aims to make the user more involved, starting with a
prototype of what is required and it is refined together with the user, in this part we see that
an example is given that the feasibility of the orders has not yet been proven
request to be sent through public phones, assuming it tries to say that it is still not
It is known whether they can send information over the internet, which is something that currently is
trivial. It is worth noting that the prototype is made based on what the user requires, and along with
the system improves until both estimate that the prototype is
completely functional, which makes its implementation unfeasible.

IX. Most relevant discrepancy with current technology

More than identifying something relevant, it should be considered in my view that in the
currently, the analysis and design of systems has taken different approaches, always
respecting the foundation, but addressing the new problems existing today.
In the book still considered new, users interacted with computers,
what computers were connected in a network and could connect with others
systems in other networks, thanks to the internet. This leads to having an outdated view.
from the analysis and design of the system, which does not mean that it is now completely
distinct, on the contrary, we approach the concept of systems in a different way
information, as it relates to practice, since conceptually it will always be
the miso before or in the future.
 X. Discrepancy with the Teacher

The professor has faithfully adhered to what the book says within the conceptual framework, great
Part of the information provided is what is shown in the book. To accommodate
some differences with the book, the professor's interpretation was taken into account,
contributing from other sources and from their own harvest, being the best complement for
to be able to cope with some updates not being made in the book.

XI. Conclusions

Currently, information is vital for the functioning of a system.

reaching such a point that it is considered an asset within an organization, its
The management is extremely delicate and can only be in the hands of trusted users.
The analysis of the system and its design are the basis for understanding how they work.
the systems, using a finance system within an organization as an example
it must communicate with a system of the SII to provide information about the
movements that the company makes. This is a clear example of how important it is
understand how my system functions and who I want to communicate with, the foundations for
developing systems have not changed over the years, in fact, they remain
the same structure by stages, and new forms of development have been created,
focusing on current needs.

References

[1] METHODOLOGY OF JAMES SENN, CASTELLANOS JOHN-ALDANA GERMAN.

[2] ANALYSIS AND DESIGN OF INFORMATION SYSTEMS, JAMES SENN