Subject: Personal Development Subject Teacher: Lerramie J.
Bato
Section: Grade 11- TVL
Lesson 2
Knowing Oneself
Characteristics, Habits, and Experiences
Adolescence- is the period when a young individual develops from a child into an adult.
"Self"- is one of the factors of what we thought about ourselves, it is also the result of what we
think and/or do.
Characteristics- is your features or own qualities that made you a unique one.
Habit- when you do something repeatedly and regularly.
Experience- are the skills or knowledge you have gained because you have done it already from the
past.
Self-Esteem - is your evaluation of your own worth.
It may be positive or negative. Positive self-esteem is the valuation that is pleasing and
acceptable according to your standard and that of others, while negative self-esteem is the
opposite which is feeling distraught or down and unaccepted by others.
Our selfconcept will contain many positive thoughts and we will have high self-esteem if we
have completed an important task, done something that we believe is valuable or important,
or if we feel accepted and respected by others.
Thus, self-esteem does not imply that one believes that he or she is better than others, only
that he or she is a person of worth (Diener & Lucas 2017).
Self-Efficacy- refers to your belief in your ability to succeed and perform well in various areas of life,
such as education, work, and relationships
You can perform a certain job or achieving a specific goal by means of these five (5) different
ways that influenced self-efficacy, from the ideas of Albert Badura, a professor, and a psychologist.
(a) Performance Experiences – if you are good at achieving your specific goal, then you probably
think that you will achieve it again. When the opposite happens, if you fail, you will often think that
you will fail again.
(b) Vicarious Performances – if others achieved their goal or specific task, then you'll come to
believe that you will also achieve your goal.
(c) Verbal Persuasion – it is when people tell you whether they believe or not on what you can do or
cannot do. The effect of your self-efficacy will depend on how that person matters to you.
(d) Imaginal Performances – When you imagine yourself doing well, then it will happen.
(e) The Affective States & Physical Sensations – if your mood or emotion (e.g. shame) and physical
state (e.g. shaking) come together, it will affect your selfefficacy. If negative mood connects with
negative physical sensation, the result will be negative. And if it is positive, most likely the result will
be positive.
Self and Identity
Have you tried to talk with yourself in front of the mirror? What did you see? According to
William James, a psychologist, “the self is what happens when I reflect upon ME". Taylor
described the self as a Reflective Project. How we see ourselves is geared toward improving
ourselves depending on a lot of factors.
Dan McAdam, a psychologist, reiterated that even there are many ways on how we reflect to improve
ourselves, it brings us back to these three (3) categories:
1. Self as Social Actor - We are portraying different roles and behaving for every type/set of people in
front of us since we all care about what people think about us. It is practically for social acceptance.
2. Self as Motivated Agent - People act based on their purpose. They do things based on their own
dreams, desires, and planned goals for the future. This, though, is not easily identifiable since it is self-
conceptualized, unless it was shared with us.
3. Self as Autobiographical Author - He/she as the creator of his/her own entire life story. It is
about how oneself is developed from his/her past, up to the present, and what he/she will become in
the future.
Judgment and Decision Making
As an individual, you are expected to act and decide on your own. Most people tend to decide
based on the intuitions and available information that couldbe a hindrance in making a wise
decision and that could be a habit.
