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8 Geog Urbanization Part 1

The document discusses urbanization, defining it as the process of transitioning from rural to urban living, and explores its origins, causes, and impacts. It highlights both positive effects, such as economic growth and better facilities, and negative consequences, including infrastructure pressure and environmental pollution. The historical context of urbanization, particularly during the Medieval period and the Industrial Revolution, is also addressed.

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jodha.chobhe67
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7 views15 pages

8 Geog Urbanization Part 1

The document discusses urbanization, defining it as the process of transitioning from rural to urban living, and explores its origins, causes, and impacts. It highlights both positive effects, such as economic growth and better facilities, and negative consequences, including infrastructure pressure and environmental pollution. The historical context of urbanization, particularly during the Medieval period and the Industrial Revolution, is also addressed.

Uploaded by

jodha.chobhe67
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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We will be learning about :

• What is urbanization
• Process of urbanization
• Origin of urbanization
• Causes of urbanization
• Impact of urbanization

Positive Impacts Negative Impacts


Urbanization –Meaning and Definition
Urban Urbanization
• Towns and cities • Is defined as the
• Depends on physical process of change from
features, population and rural to urban or small
functions. urban settlements into
big cities within a
country.
Village Town City
Origin of urbanization
Evolution of permanent settlement
Domestication
of plants and
animals

Surplus food
production

Manufacturing
and trade

Town and
cities
Urbanization in Europe
• Medieval period-5TH
TO 15TH Century
 Increase in overseas
trade
Growth of urban
centers
London, Paris, Bern,
Rome and Madrid.
Towns to cities
The period was marked
by economic and
national expansion
Capital cities
• The city or town that functions as the seat of
government and administrative center of a
country or region.
• Countries gave rise to
capital cities.
• Kings and emperors used to
surplus wealth to develop and
expand cities.
Industrial Revolution
• The Agricultural Revolution of the 18th
century created a favorable climate
for industrialization. Britain had a vast supply
of mineral resources used to
run industrial machines, such as coal.
This led to the expansion of cities and many adjoining rural
areas become part of the main cities.
Impact of urbanization
POSITIVE NEGATIVE
ECONOMIC GROWTH – PRESSURE ON
higher per capita income INFRASTRUCTURE

BETTER FACILITIES GROWTH IN SLUMS/HIGH


COST OF LIVING
TRANSPORT AND
UNDERDEVELOPED VILLAGES-
COMMUNICATION
less human resources

BETTER AMENITIES ENVIRONMENTAL


POLLUTION
INTER-MIXING OF
COMMUNICABLE
DIVERSE CULTURE
DISEASES/CRIMINAL
OFFENCE/STRESSFUL LIFE
Impacts of urbanization
POSITIVE
 ECONOMIC GROWTH
increased manufacturing activities –growth-higher per
capita income
 BETTER FACILITIES-
education, medical and entertainment
 TRANSPORT AND COMMUNICATION-
well-developed and efficient
 BETTER AMENITIES-
water supply, electricity, sanitation and housing
 INTER-MIXING OF DIVERSE CULTURE-
better understanding –
Impacts of urbanization
NEGATIVE
 PRESSURE ON INFRASTRUCTURE
Higher rate of migration to cities-overpopulation
 GROWTH IN SLUMS/HIGH COST OF LIVING
Unskilled migrant -village to cities-no jobs-no housing-
overcrowded colonies
 UNDERDEVELOPED VILLAGES
-less human resources
 ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
Vehicles, factories and domestic waste
 COMMUNICABLE DISEASES/CRIMINAL OFFENCE/STRESSFUL LIFE
Congested living,unemployement,less income
RECAP

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