\\ Computer Med widoital phe wnt Bere) : Ad-hoc prepertigs a ic . ea Nodu wn Hou! any nud J ote devit ha, Ned woke MONET cea ned fol ae > 89195, 49 (mete od shoe ro) rn . rss L. Teles (To0s, Fron ps) * My { no ° °y, | packed fron ng Keng Key | m4 ) , " / he fone, oohry tay, Une inte, fac, | ¥» Mody £ reader Lott —reuhry & dom even 1h x mobiL nods _ contend spud \ tan tobad Stop fae tom Fire ) (Pam time) ~ move tn random direction VANET - @SU = + Hledbclular Adbee Mel KN 6 6 8 8 6 ( + + —— Rood SLi Unih rete mot ter ar gurdhal by Piyucton Along road [ha aide vont «| voad | 4 ‘ ‘ HAY ; 4 aud hy ( Communre ch 9,7 he vest, ¢ ig ; Yoo, lv (20 Bey beMess GSE : a4 fark Ronse (al routers) wy St MANET ny : We, e os | mes Routers - Sedo mag nodu most. = COnweched te nearby routers wat elarrdag ll eacl, router a ode hoe mituark may be conntede Win [wieder senor “ifw) eee od! shahona Cdeas mohin) : ) 9 Met ow vouder 2 nods kere rr : FH GLSQN > Hind vom vel & paws to afley ~ AT Ree = Ratlery fower —» Cructal thing J. by : _— ur 8 AT 42 ad) Fs hive Routry P ofocaly , O i r © Adony Dynan fou rem Roectny wy SPFPVPVIVPPRPWA*MIPHOHHRHKAIAIISAMKCKCHKKHHKHeeeaeeeKCeeeSSUES SII GLLELaEaEaEMEE EEL ELLE x Talk dviven xouting <> AgDdv ul ¥ foure vouwhny (racked cordans fhe whol a : addreres f intce mid fete nodes | SR : p 5 mortly wired ; ae : ¥Noachve wubry (blo sure e dfs a palh od allieady | : ertall reed 2 prepared In odvane : vocdes @ eT tales A Boner ar, ¥ cA ERED 3) x” Reactive vou hing fre ar @ BN mord ly red in wired but delay ircrearer OOo ee OoNm™r esse cc bse @ voute Bracovery & \ Ee 7 RE Ee ¥a no fh only doy fo find 4 voude fi fan. borne ctur pac kel fo pend to aw dotination & carrerbly ne votton, {known voufe fo dott 7 de ods bora packet P fy send te dct det t tor ¥ ea v nod! Ktonckn ti vont) cada. tf vouke prosmé god pockeh Pty ¥ Horougl Hus route.df ho voce tn roede ef of £. braadcast a route requed ¢ woh arique id £ 4. £21, Vr, 3 (Soares paar > / Co pdinhly vv et 4 Bam oF hof - ¥A nods ene cece vey rete xep, ter, de faltering: Celis) ane fp Andree werd He Resid sso roume eg) LE DA. tn addr. node Shun R. Req. reackid to hele nowbend vOute reply be, Nd Qaeeeeeee ¥ af hodu os voude ds olertinahan rend Route aptly, _otteruaier poe apptnd tt own addr to Sit f travers col hodu 17 th packt& ve hroadeart route repurt: Place co Ove eae! om verte be toma al ine e caste ky SaGl pal ave allowed J # P cam get rm Mine Seep, fro muthyrk oe Kond © veply dp all 4 fem and cay BL cau 6b meothnu vreplies and can tale entry f aU flue af Can vend A yackeh from say voate. {xr “a unicast flow chad eat a FAP) ikea Uren aac ef eee reer eae eaaaaaaaeerereeeCCesec eee AODV ~~ pehnahon equine: nun berC DSN) mes «only On capet fer or dof: psa Ath cae tery J ! . fo move her Oru a greater eg, wer de vali same rove ry, ¥ ows dt node telb led bee He. ei fobaper os Make : : / edi wv seq. no > avotd doping prob Jem a fad x tvdermidtele node 5 ce UXGA EG ine TR URS eet a ier oleay rode Dad a na ly ota ay Phot - . peo? Ve Re Ge [On o a “yf nq . o ; oN, be Ss . o 6 7 mo d oda range 4 ne gu pp Ose Ng move [ind soute fo hy broken grend KERN mog bo A ho DAN and propogeded de wr 8 S ents fany oboe ob . -\ ad Tp in wiglbows Jub « tends HetLe pack! recy © | + ied pear dink bron tormon not vee fo au bd pat ¢ ps dal nM —_ 2 ow ee —>r oe gah uh ve D vw € Foyt “Herd face bo 0 He ony it brown Foe oe ce eo Hae he ee pe tvouar A o-tt 8 ue AL ree =e FA RATA a aa Eg a. | aie ad ete & AUN Harn ath Rus patt erfabhi hee Jape Sing ug he he ch aWN Eee dunt toe proven ae x o © + a oa ah dle Brokerw , ¢ A che at orf era ye a _ Zt aaa get c or cea GA ak A chat d a thal ne hs ac a hot ag) he ain y oh gal bog, he A-% | donot have e Neu r ca btnd SL vote Men wy Ar-Ga fn nel A Denne. 0 abot So pate veaeck EI bcean 4 4 > A- 3 hy No Keg Wo ee SeWy- Wy -hg-d nw ing inte Loat W,- werd Chae Pos but penn Deal a — peach vue p alk doy D, (REG te M1 bn. a ig Ae the. wah . ic sf CRED R gaye A a Be uta route x ne a.f ol gid (CEP, | (™. 5 Mp Hy 9s —» hy my A hy 33-9 ho, a \ | . _ | : : Teo 6 Urey keg no. deal nya dinte donk Aq up dete d pac ts Ol! gad CECA fos but Jon} io fey thu ban ple. pe ai Sk to D, atnds (Ata with | Wer far dn mw P¢ r eee Po ee a — yoeck “ ; a € yt Pe are pus Fal dt €eer | | AODV (Ff) oat Dikcovesty, rp gouru nod 3 nud fo aerd fa nods (db) dasthation riod 0 a not plbou J 4 iy fowals) dhacle ft han vovde fo © if yo nerd pack? to 60 Lroadeost (CEB ck P fo anoths, rf ref = Somer by) REO eadus $e nock (n) | n_clhuclen jit bor seen thie ree, sae af yes He, vp if net @ecord RED n chaclea yf if as dud natio n(0) : if Yon cond bacle RAEP Ie Ss fred ihe dn a ee ra. re, SUCCES ETT TE Eh a Eh aaa EEE EELEcheck | nodt n has voude dy 0 i! yer node n wend RREP do ££ D both i not pede n 1ncrearr HC, Pe-breadeart «FES and note severe voute tof. peed condquas: Gadd, } 6 Seq Vo. Dradd», D+ AER: No, He, Gi °o if dit us ri iglbour > no nud f CREA femnprory severe poll Jiv rc caeene PRE A po PELE > pall vs com > new owt hag. no, wv Flee PEF FTI PPPS HKKTTAARCIAAKKKSCKKCeCeeneeeeereif if Daeg rs. se egal thes He mr Bee than wuderen’g « (Fh Deady, ortymchy adda Der Sea, Ho peed, RCE UBF pactels al dos £4 : ep dub unl hep mde Pebepe nes Tim - ag We 2 forme, gd soni 2 ff — Sap o-zp SY be a Bae, A-© 0, 6,t )* fpasena-7i.w [at O (a7 ai 8 ° TE erg ea fi Zz ee seadws fo ne and ne ? Mae - ——— = Neyny note choeus a f. = (lo eos Cert node an 4 (4 at Ban AS f alto record LEQ 7 _ & rebroadcarted readin Fo ha ard ng afte de A x A dincads > dame re tL deen prow a chade (MEI aren befne o ned thin @ebrendeart 14 ¥ ina a ne ye | podinecad Wa > ht, 1a (AS) broadens! be ny bod hy Athcar dy Ms — hy, he tom Vd een, dltacard from Aa Me, he a SUT e heb (>| | |po diivead WO he Yo» V4 Ne Ladiacad L nahie wn wad rode 6 checks & finds thal Day clextinaton —5 hock dow i (reaits WC Uae Meco | (acnds LEP te be _G pat @_ nde Bode ald Cael \ e-ir {arr} ev fo TL se eee ; ee hn os updato Dregne —> Bob , nerds des packel do Wa 2h f note down thd Dracg. Mo, ar» BHI The GEO Had come from nga ng ot dn dicated Une yh 2 fam vez. eer belive ar eC face et bom B fear [esr] do [Beker pd eads be Mee Gnd Slay broodeat at as! . ——___ -Ir| dno [B-o [2 wf gaskel (hdn Yrre and nu bana route to if WI and FPVPITARETETEAAAAUVTL CEL OCeeanraneeeaYovrvaey ouwle v1 ad nd rant bor mete Py he. dime a A él pao !° Wy er | no ne we Me Mt bog eevee vote pst ae af dca a AD oid ( = eee arin a tale ane D-TP fH oH ovale: dald odd, dd tye, We yd rl peur [ ofisf Cr J a-tr [B-¥ [na fares on RRES (Breve vet? A Ne 4 Aro [o & unica ie eae _——_——9 _ increases | We updober Bro Br cl Unicene “phe ere fo Ne he Ate fe. lve clang 4 fle revert rook Fon! hee re enhy @ e L 0-\ ce sil GUUS EIS LIL Ea aE SECCLe n Seeeeeast 4 Wee hae tan, ace ‘ far verre roe - 9 @-te Lo \ fo tov A aN AW ter AETE toh bth evvar on wirelea mediam “AT coum cory fl al go. — mobi iS , fuged Rea 2 Al TEP deal ath Brea | facket Jota s— Dcbected via - timo, no acle . — goes do slow stout jA sauee Congtshon / _ Unk & find loan Ga ~ dw do congution — dutty bit errov On wl clr wed ~ dus fo mobi diay feral >fiformane cag ads can vot change TCP becau { Lag. twatatlafon bax atest, Geprele nels £ wed & cuiseloa problin no pimeulel fs redwe te FOP aa sted cor dou o tn, tnd anal sovwint ditvannection) | [ramevand cinmce Aron) fee the FOP cometedion ' ) (ead Ic ail ad Ar mn joeall i . “ e gv {A ¢ He » i l oe MoTer ivelenas CoP bd Li) hay Altar fed) — (ep j yasilyB7 Lo tHlt connection af FAUAP) AV ated acl do (A on hell of tas thin aed p fo Nw Hin ary dak §s FACAY) ack en prory - . ON Al AP) FeAl op: falar) . MN Geling ay prory ao SEACAP) bulls pack, ved Ake doeW, now faved billed packed Jo WN & Ceceive ACle for Ma fat mu CNe- es i FAL / oun ved FAL to FAr send do CN fob! Ay: WN ve FAL teceteed tack ty fig Ace Yo gerd hohe fo MM. with FAz, fflecov filovm FAL for ft fo FAQ N, FAL can trav fel 0a urnabte an TOP comntefior) 8 whee M docabion ugdale Jl ket Syansfer from Fal to FAD dy oo aie : ee ty qydi and, 4 Sea (Ea en 2 ®Oc keh Ove Ly | © . civodvardage: TCP conncefion beat Bt? Bren us ver L r?MP croop TCP jjmued — {inortnd AP =e ~ (ew) : = (¥ fA(AP) mu : : —. : => te 200 not hep ayl't m > CALAY) wah pork me > ACAY) puller pockeb £ #¢ oi if : fimtoud at FA (nr) Jow a pated pla. vedransmil He gf FACAP) receive cluples : pack Foon. ve duplicade Ack. Hue 1 vedronsme : me NA {rier ow doalicade ree ee MIN doen FA(AP) soe? cacke! ate gend N- Act to MN £ MN 2 di f£-T-E comtc on stele ou doom df dink preblins rot fully de Ack J tims out can & ditects ger mn Seq. No. transmit mivsrg pack: A NO brand over d hvantaye> Wiveles ” wit ed Jinks: oy N- Ack nud on MNe ihaladed from 1A a finvout (BO) ¢ finsont (CN) i Ter cts cued ylaory hot (SH) onitor aU packeta GH — No bu Lhesing, No etransmusion, moniter , a) i diaconnctin dd. whin cto ned vecenve Ak.foy do not nf Come dime from y, _y gends WS 5 to CN, CN go nO fyionfty ary thing a _ whan connection dutected old xt nies (H Veopen window by pending w0e old volute ROR PCRP er ererr eres Uses ssdadRanamianven tea frerzingt . mabi'le frout duve ‘ato = CUOAA Jayer MAC Layee 0 { Jenn form TeV Sauer ghoud ialessup tion rep fromm carvent ode ~ fim cange ect ronwoetOn agains yor ham poral: how watrdow — when MAC Jane det if inform TOP (cP veooum eonwotion d font yetransen't [Fool yecovery 1+ Al ) fae Mn bee wilh a A clea ofle fay 2 Har Go » be derad 5 lichve 7 vb Vecover. MW! §o 4p eee MEE _ orreried TOP T~TCP: Trarsection le gen 7 flack era Bat aga) _y conection echup & brea ANG 2-3 face at we wi geen eaa9 PEeesreIMeseerseeeeeeaennstee?e e2ea) Lim lobe turfs dor obi rennvetian. comrrant hie (a, %G | é = : toa (TN | Mc co ‘ yon feral } (ravn po D . \* isdeaa & ae \ ea gis MT- me pb Le | onte ¢ 1 sap, QOS Cae Stahon RSC hax Station Cortobley Msc Mobil Servics es iteching Contre oe , ; D veval Pe mse — hateway Moo We will refer tas fever 7 : eo » Covi elt conrichon, x, pad ar tome SIM, TINT > Oduntifrcation ~BelabensTndeyyahi © Cl fox vstading Hon PLimw— Horm Rublic Land ialk en, oe Warted PLAN > Ur'a'ted Nfs : Boe — Forwan wy ress anges CASS Mle me Serve Aas awa pst > pubic Eee telipor hws acixca t corte ro datakate ad Hon msc & Dotabares 0 fea, eR VLR ; an ocachion Pevrnay ert Pov no: Brie cate Aigitt Nee aiader oO iil a vane ud msc3)\ ‘keegan S@ Subscriber profile h Ve \ yrartos Jocation Tepid Information, abouk currend e > 5 gh verted Msc Vocation af ’ tubsentber ~ contain endsry fo« ead a adden af viarted Yiw to vncbte way vasnently In My ode the tal gevved by VLA VER entog corel bre ar mebril War come go = VER wm covdaltd with viride! Wye, =| Ca UDel Weary cove wpondint Aes My Oo Cont exfondant dail MT permenant number Througl. & ferrmrarunt number cal goo do Home WE (itnsc) via ITY (D Home mse (msc) vecteve ca — Ph@eiaay to HLA fo ) wearing ne) bind locaton of yr -~HLe vehurn add. via it h-Mse get eds J Vig rt obtetn roaming number from VLE, tka veluen = addr f ya ow VOaring no. fo Hows mse (ty Msc) a Home mse (a-Mse) gebup Xecond Ley f ct to viny'fer Msc. vintted M8 fransger cath to tere An, ‘ ber 2 & How MLE get yoarmyy nim ‘ ay MT 90 fe voided ule covered by veg = through xj nal exchange bw MT 4 VLR, MT vegiadey vos urssqed MSC, P?IzeFPFPFRVPRPPPePPePrPeeeeeeeereeereeenvnaeneneeeee— Now y Gar Tt) no palh 7 4%, -LTE a ee eer OPP PP PPP PPP eee eae eee ee vle send docation updde fo HLE , JocahOn update contain voaminy no. 0 VLR wore atd, vLe get info Kabra ber from HLe@. Le , vie gubretbr ado. info ear’ VLe Mobihity Management Erb ty ob Lvelated vig MI ORS > BSc > MSc Arse —» PSTN 2 — c M1 > BS> RNC MEE SUMIc > PSTN SS sutw taht — Intern — Jor Ooda hay fo“ yore’ RNC’ edly nile Ccondreller Siiins Serving Gres support vaode Y Powtera Gusn : nateray tipes tupperd node de PIR | gush — Dotrt voice a@hlys ore com bahd yo & dafa are bramfevred from di youttr can Aifferencinte Mu dots ¢ “of yrove ron ty Control Mane 7 —s spp (10) faves « fin hfe) Naky (ows i) AM van saber et Delage # C aa 7 2 — | pocket forwarding ' voy, Taste Sogic leceut tunnels, JPIPIPIFPI REPLI IAICLTK KKK eter eraeraerereControl Mane —> how 2 T uy dy Le prepared ft eparing CTL posliry Vly routes - J f ; fans achal pocte! foneding os deda wa rar with Llp /corsebteney of HSS, prerare tunnts fo feb and b Grau NA Tring (rw reltey uh lone funchonalho ¢ bom pron — gore Imsze FIM " * oomatto formant phon uo. - dilee HLA@ . — Subrearter Infor, account Info , - Used with mme for authentication - Contin Jocation of MT MT cacy ul Fea prt mmeé — Uke VLE ., Moar _ Keep info. about virtted MT oe! fe colh docahon In comter's hho - do authnt'eat On of MT by gerd. tngo J MT to HES € obtaining safo. from Hs about ing — fodh funn, rolup BS te Sow < Shiv do rhw pew — foot LTE clemint that a olocta gram on'hrvantt from MT encounter befome entesing to tinder nif = (svov (de NAT LP tomer zg penform ee JuvchonalilMobrivdy gh M7 ah biddin belind FHM of cellar canis bbw fontral dag GOS A, 7 Manege docal moby uhin MT move among bare stations Junnel {vom Body Sbw hang 4 funn Ow Sow 2 jit hange os M1 move. ~- MME contyto! thes c L above upp a pack Wrote =A CES hac l \ ¥ WI? > Wes tunnd probrcal CALL 2 DATA TRANS FE @ oS everyting In ZP parle bod AS. Pernt & protrec! ave elem diff Jor vou 4 doJa qh > RTP (vere) ae = ScTp (voireed SH 2 Foran gular can Bare nud channel lh Prey Ahem ailibe AP rol deca : hdlus te clas | hard: I! or nel bad ou RIgh esl gheryll f 031 2 Abe accor vel fon MT. fo v ongoing col ~ : — qa. acm py 1S C5 eee | " em oe fren) (ae A . "AA = “ -lge UPl/ te pal bong gn fs, = ‘ado! fare funrel =) jew qezo" 7 MELO" ih Y = ( 7 [ade rover] Jere [ oor res 7 tH —™ a ze —) de f eee | = FOO SOY Hrsagh fae _ —9 — ={uw vemos entra bua dey [eek ball th own wqr-u vores gp 2 send new re do QS [zest] [oor Jp fe” [vor pro dled Y Shee foe veacks 4 BS AOS Kendy flor peeled do MT by vadio nterfa a | HadoHl e 4, (© BSI select BSr and send handovest Reg ty BOL (OPsr aocate channel for MT + R62 nerd fardoven veg. Ack ~ cortain info veguired to asrociate with Qs @ QS \ (nform MT about @fr Idee by &£ channel ‘ tnfo now MT can tend/veeeive dake gress to [frors Bs MT rekan, : ; ™ ny et OBS Bop doviradihy dledugvam te Lobe wee | MTL vedlyect fem fe B51 pasa (hard a frwad that fr Sa uo AU consid / -_—mnnaeanmnannnnnnanneneaneeaegeeaeeaeenen4a24aea @e2e2820@8@ 4ae ! & OY Infor ty MINE, MME Ugnals fe Ct for coeatton af nis finned Ao fee and (se: d w/e MT. encharge dodo gram thorough nite funnel: pnfowrs AS de yelrare rome avocide @ Qn en +) Krew uA charged c pow ) foemouell ci? (St oes wermoved lg ass { 5 [se fee jo | Sener ip 7 (alded) (rawr —- packeh ae be buffered oF B51 Lvandage rn qu nef rh aa i 7 Adj fo Bsr. o