\\172.16.181.

241\E Drive\DTP DATA SHARE\2024-2025\02 NEET-UG_2024-25\12_BOOKLETS_NEET (NCERT Capsule & QB & ASSIGN)\BOTANY\NEW NCERT CAPSULES 24-25 -
CELL UNIT OF LIFE_

NEW NCERT CAPSULE 9. Spindle fibre unite with which structure of

CELL UNIT OF LIFE chromosome
1. Which of the following are not considered as (1) Chromocentre (2) Chromomere
the part of endomembrane system? (3) Kinetochore (4) Centriole
Ans. 3
A. Mitochondria
10. Function of telomeres in nucleus:
B. Endoplasmic Reticulum (1) Pole ward movement
C. Chloroplasts (2) To initiate the RNA synthesis
D. Golgi complex (3) To seal the ends of chromosome
E. Peroxisomes (4) To recognize the homologous chromosome
Choose the most appropriate answer from the Ans. 3
options given below: Statement Based Questions:
(1) A, C and E only (2) A and D only 11. Select the correct statement from the following
(3) A, D and E only (4) B and D only regarding cell membrane
(1) Na+ and K+ ions move across cell membrane
Ans. 1
by passive transport.
2. Which of the following functions is carried out (2) Proteins make up 60 to 70% of the cell
by cytoskeleton in a cell? membrane.
(1) Protein synthesis (2) Motility (3) Lipids are arranged in a bilayer with polar
(3) Transportation (4) Nuclear division heads towards the inner part.
Ans. 2 (4) Fluid mosaic model of cell membrane was
3. Movement and accumulation of ions across a poposed by singer and Nicolson.
membrane against their concentration, gradient Ans. 4
can be explained by: 12. Keeping in view the 'fluid mosaic model' for
the structure of cell membrane, which one of
(1) Facilitated diffusion (2) Passive transport
the following statement is correct with respect
(3) Active transport (4) Osmosis to the movements of lipids and proteins from
Ans. 3 one lipid monolayer to the other (described as
4. The Golgi complex participates in flip-flap movement)?
(1) Fatty acid breakdown (1) While proteins can flip-flop, lipids can not
(2) Formation of secretory vesicles (2) Neither lipids and proteins can flip-flop.
(3) Respiration in bacteria (3) Both lipids and proteins can flip-flop.
(4) Activation of amino acid (4) While lipids can rarely flip-flop, proteins can
Ans. 2 not
5. Cellular organelles with membranes are : Ans. 4
13. Select the wrong statement from the following.
(1) Endoplasmic reticulum, Ribosomes and (1) Both mitochondria and chloroplasts have an
Nuclei internal compartment, the thylakoid space
(2) Lysosomes, Golgi apparatus and bounded by the thylakoid membrane.
Mitochondria (2) Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain
(3) Nuclei, Ribosomes and Mitochondria DNA.
(4) Chromosomes, Ribosomes and Endoplasmic (3) The shloroplasts are generally much larger
Reticulum than mitochondria.
Ans. 2 (4) Both chloroplasts and mitochondria contain
6. Peptide synthesis inside a cell takes place in an inner and outer membrane.
Ans. 1
(1) Chloroplast (2) Mitochondria 14. Find incorrect statement with regard to
(3) Chromoplast (4) Ribosomes centrosome and centrioles:
Ans. 4 (1) Centrosomes are surrounded by amorphous
7. Which one of the following has its own DNA? pericentriolar material.
(1) Mitochondria (2) Dictyosome (2) In centrosome, both centrioles lie parallel to
(3) Lysosome (4) Peroxisome each other in which each has an organisation
Ans. 1 like the cartuhead.
8. Which cell organelle is concerned with (3) Centrioles are made up of nine unevenly
glycosylation of protein? spaced peripheral dibrils of tubulin.
(4) Hub is the central proteinaceous part of
(1) Ribosome
centriole.
(2) Peroxisome (4) Proteinaceous radial spokes connect hub to
(3) Endoplasmic Reticulum peripheral triplets.
(4) Mitochondria (1) 1, 2, 5 (2) Only 2
Ans. 3 (3) 2, 3 (4) All are correct
Ans. 3
15. Regarding to endoplasmic reticulum which of 19. Match the column I with column II.
the following statement is wrong: Column-I Column-II
(1) ER divides the intra cellular space into 2 A. Thylakoids (i) Disc shaped sacs in
distinct compartments. Golgi Apparatus
(2) RER frequently observed in cells actively B. Cristal (ii) Condensed structure
involved in secretion. of DNA
(3) In animals steroidal hormines are synthesised C. Cisternae (iii) Flat membranous
in RER. sacs in stroma
(4) SER is the major site of lipid synthesis. D. Chromatin (iv) Infoldings in
Ans. 3 mitochondria
16. Regarding to cilia and flagella which of the (1) A-(iii), B-(i), C-(iv), D-(ii)
following statement is incorrect? (2) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(ii), D-(i)
(1) Cilia is small and flagella is long. (3) A-(iv), B-(iii), C-(i), D-(ii)
(2) Cilia can move either cell or surrounding (4) A-(iii), B-(iv), C-(i), D-(ii)
fluid. Ans. 4
(4) Cilia work like ears. 20. Match the column I with column II.
Ans. 3 Column-I Column-II
17. Assertion (A): Middle lamellar is like cementing A. Golgi Apparatus (i) Synthesis of proteins
material between two adjacent plant cells. B. Lysosomes (ii) Trap waste and
Reason (R): Plasmodesmata traverse cell wall excretory products
and middle lamellae. C. Vacuoles (iii) Formation of
In the light of above statements, choose the most glycoproteins and
appropriate answer from the options given glycolipids
below. D. Ribosomes (iv) Digesting
(1) If (A) & (R) both are correct but (R) is not biomolecules
the correct explanation of (A). Choose the correct match from options given
(2) (A) is correct but (R) is not correct. below.
(3) (A) is not correct but (R) is correct. (1) A-iii, B-iv, C-ii, D-i
(4) If (A) & (R) both are correct and (R) is the (2) A-iv, B-iii, C-i, D-ii
correct explanation of (A). (3) A-iii, B-ii, C-iv, D-i
Ans. 1 (4) A-i, B-ii, C-iv, D-iii
18. Consider the following statements (a-d) and Ans. 1
select the right option having all correct 21. Match the following and select the correct
statements: answer.
(a) The content of nucleolus is continuous with (A) Centriole (i) Infoldings in
the rest of the nucleopolasm. mitochondria
(b) The cell envelope is interrupted by minute (B) Chlorophyll (ii) Thylakoids
pores which are formed by the fusion of its 2 (C) Cristal (iii) Nucleic acids
membranes. (D) Ribozymes (iv) Basal body of cillia or
(c) The prokaryotic flagella are structurally flagella.
similar to eukaryotic flagella. A B C D
(d) The quasi-fluid nature of lipids enable lateral (1) (iv) (ii) (i) (iii)
movement of proteins within the overall bilayer. (2) (i) (ii) (iv) (iii)
This ability to move within membrane is (3) (i) (iii) (ii) (iv)
measured as its fluidity. (4) (iv) (iii) (i) (ii)
(1) Statement a, b, c, d Ans. 1
(2) Statement b, c, d 22. Select the mismatch.
(3) Statement a, b, c (1) Gas vacuole - Green Bacteria
(4) Statement a, d (2) Large central vacuoles - Animal cells
Ans. 4 (3) Protists - Eukaryotes
(4) Methanogens - Prokaryotes
Ans. 2
23. Match the items in column I with column II and 29. Consider the following statements and choose
choose the correct option. the correct one.
Column-I Column-II (1) Plant cells have centrioles which are absent
A. Sap vacuole 1. Contain digestive in almost all animal cells
enzyme (2) Ribosomes are the site of protein synthesis
B. Contractile vacuole 2. Store metabolic gases (3) The middle lamella is a layer composed of
C. Food vacuole 3. Osmaregulation calcium carbonate and holds the different
D. Air vacuole 4. Store lipids neighbouring cells together
E. Spherosomes 5. Store and concentrate (4) In animal cells, steroid hormones are
mineral salts and nutrients synthesised by smooth endoplasmic reticulum
A B C D E Ans. 2
(1) 5 3 1 2 4 30. Select the correct statement for nucleolus
(2) 2 3 4 5 1 (1) It is a site for mRNA synthesis
(3) 5 3 2 4 1 (2) Large and more numerous nucleoli are
(4) 4 1 3 5 2 present in cells actively carrying out protein
Ans. 1 synthesis
24. Select the incorrect match. (3) Nucleolus contains nucleoplasm
(1) Lampbrush chromosomes - Diplotene (4) Nucleolus is a single membrane bound
bivalents structure.
(2) Allosomes - Sex chromosomes Ans. 2
(3) Sub-metacentric - L-shaped chromosomes 31. Which of the following representation correctly
(4) Polytene chromosomes - Oocytes of explain the function of mitochondrion?
amphibians
O2 H2 O
Ans. 4
25. Select the incorrect pair: ADP M AT P
(1) Cell wall - Structural support (1)
(2) Central vacuole - Storage Phosphate CO2
(3) Amyloplast - Starch storage
(4) Plasmodermata - Protection CO 2 H2 O
Ans. 4
26. Which one is the mis-matched pair? (2)
ADP M AMP
(1) Largest isolated single cell - Egg of an ostrich
(2) Golgi Apparatus - Discovered by Altman Phosphate O2
(3) Mitochondria - Name was given by Benda
CO 2 H2 O
(4) Lysosomes - Discovered by de Duve
Ans. 2
ADP M AMP
27. Select the incorrect statement regarding the (3)
plasma membrane. Phosphate O2
(1) Ratio of proteins and lipids varies
considerably in different cell types. CO 2 H2 O
(2) 52% proteins and 40% lipids constitute the
membrane of human RBC. ADP M AT P
(4)
(3) Arrangement of proteins (P) and lipids (L)
is L-P-P-L. Phosphate O2
(4) Head of lipid is hydrophilic. Ans. 1
Ans. 3
28. The movement of cilia and flagella is due to the
presence of
(1) Radial spokes
(2) Central sheath
(3) Singlet microtubules
(4) Dyreins.
Ans.
32. Choose the wrong option. 38. Assertion :- Cristae increase the surface area of
(1) Lysosomes are double membranous vesicles inner membrane of mitochondria.
budded off from Golgi apparatus and Reason :- Formation of ATP takes place in
contain digestive enzymes perimitochondrial space of mitochondria.
(2) Endoplasmic reticulum consists of a network (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
of membranous tubule and helps in Ans. 3
transport, synthesis and secretion 39. Assertion :- Nucleolus is known as ribosome
(3) Leucoplasts are bound by two membranes, factory.
lack pigment but contain their own DNA Reason :- Assembly of r-RNA and proteins
and protein synthesising machinery occurs in nucleolus.
(4) Sphaerosomes are single membrane bound (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
organelle which are associated with Ans. 1
synthesis and storage of lipids 40. Assertion :- Mesophyll cells are oval and round
Ans. 1 while a tracheid cell is generally elongated in shape.
33. In eukaryotic cell cycle, cell fusion experiments Reason :- The shape of the cell may vary with
show that the function they perform.
(1) when an S-phase cell is fused with a G1- (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
phase cell, G1-phase cell is stimulated to Ans. 1
synthesize DNA 41. Assertion :- Usually white blood cells are
(2) when an S-phase cell is fused with a G1- amoeboid while RBCs are round and biconcave
phase cell in shape.
(3) when a G 1-phase cell is fused with a G 1 Reason :- The shape of the cell may vary with
phase cell, DNA synthesis is induced in both the function they perform.
G1 and G2 phase cells (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
(4) when a G1-phase cell is fused with an M- Ans. 1
phase 42. Assertion :- Fluid mosaic model is given for
Ans. 2 structure of biomembranes.
34. Which of the following events correctly indicates Reason :- Biomembranes are mainly made up of
the stages of mitosis? lipid and protein.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Ans. 2
43. Assertion :- Mineral ions actively transport across
the tonoplast from cytoplasm to cell sap.
Reason :- Usually concentration of mineral ions
in vacuole is higher as compare to cytoplasm.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Ans. 1
Ans. 2 44. Assertion :- Chromatin is a nucleoprotein
35. Best stage to observe shape, size and number of structure.
chromosomes is Reason :- Chromatin is made up of DNA, RNA,
(1) interphase (2) metaphase histone and non histone protein.
(3) prophase (4) telophase (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Ans. 2 Ans. 1
36. Assertion :- Lysosome is also known as suicidal 45. Assertion :- Chloroplasts are mainly found in
bag. mesophyll cells of the leaves.
Reason :- Lysosome enzyme digest complete Reason :- They are of variable shape i.e. they
cytoplasm at acidic pH. may be of lens-shaped, oval, spherical, discoid
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D or even ribbon shaped.
Ans. 3 (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
37. Assertion :- Inclusion bodies are found in Ans. 2
prokaryotes. 46. Assertion :- Bodies of animals and plants are
Reason :- Protein synthesis takes place in composed of cells and products of cells.
inclusion bodies. Reason :- All cells arise from pre-existing cells.
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D (1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D
Ans. 3 Ans. 2
47. Assertion :- Mitochondria and chloroplast are 53. Choose the incorrect match
considered as prokaryotic endosymbiont in cell. (1) Nucleus – RNA
Reason :- DNA of mitochondria and chloroplast (2) Lysosome – Protein synthesis
are double stranded, circular and GC rich just (3) Mitochondria – Respiration
like bacteria. (4) Cytoskeleton – Microtubules
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D Ans. 2
Ans. 1 54. Match column I and column II and select the
48. Assertion :- "Ramachandran plot" rank among the correct option.
most outstanding contributions in structural biology. Column-I Column-II
Reason :- This plot provide analysis of the A. Endoplasmic 1. Stack of cisternae
allowed conformations of proteins. recticulum
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D B. Spherosome 2. Store oils or fats
Ans. 1 C. Dictyosome 3. Synthesis and
49. Assertion :- The genetic material of prokaryotic storage of lipids
cell is basically naked. D. Peroxisome 4. Photorespiration
Reason :- Prokaryotic cells have no histone E. Elaioplasts 5. Detoxification of
protein. drugs
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D A B C D E
Ans.1 (1) 5 3 1 4 2
50. Assertion :- Mesosome is the characteristic of (2) 2 3 2 4 1
all prokaryotes. (3) 2 3 1 4 5
Reason :- They are essentially infoldings of cell (4) 3 5 1 4 2
wall. Ans. 1
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D 55. Which of these is wrongly matched?
Ans. 1 (1) Chloroplasts – Chlorophyll
51. Assertion :- Ribosomes are found not only in (2) Elaioplasts – Starch
cytoplasm but also within mitochondria and (3) Chromoplasts – Carotenoids
chloroplast as well as on rough ER and nuclear (4) Amyloplasts – Carbohydrates
membrance. Ans. 2
Reason :- Ribosomes are non membrane bound 56. Match the following columns :-
organelles found in all cells. Column-I Column–II
(1) A (2) B (3) C (4) D A. Lysosome I. Protein synthesis
Ans. 2 B. Ribosome II. Hydrolytic activity
52. Which of the following four cell structures is C. SER III. Steroid synthesis
correctly matched with the accompanying D. Centriole IV. Formation of
description? spindle
(1) A–II, B–I, C–III, D–IV
(2) A–I, B–II, C–III, D–IV
(1) Plasma — Outer layer of
membrane cellulose or chitin (3) A–IV, B–III, C–I, D–II
(2) Mitochondria — Bacteria like (4) A–III, B–IV, C–II, D–I
elements with inner [NCERT Pg. No 133, 134, 136 & 138]
membrane forming Ans. 1
sacs containing 57. Select the correct matching in the following pairs
chlorophyll, found in Page No. 133
plant cell and algae (1) Smooth ER–Synthesis of lipid
(3) Chloroplasts — Bacteria like (2) Rough ER–Synthesis of glycogen
elements with inner (3) Rough ER–Oxidation of pyruvic acid
membrane highly (4) Smooth ER–Oxidation of protein
folded Ans. 1
(4) Golgi — Stacks of flattened
58. Choose the incorrect pair :-
apparatus vesicles
Page No. 135
(1) Chloroplast – Energy transducer
Ans. 4 (2) Chromoplast – Imparts colours to the plant
(3) Leucoplast – helps in storage of nutrients
(4) None of the above
Ans. 4
59. Choose the incorrect pair :-
(1) Histone protein – Basic protein
(2) Centromere – Primary constriction
(3) Kinetochore – Disc shaped structure
(4) None of these
[NCERT PG No: 139]
Ans. 4
60. Select the correct statement regarding
cytoskeleton
(1) An elaborate network of filamentous
proteinaceous structure present in the
cytoplasm of prokaryotic is collectively
reffered to as the cytoskeleton
(2) Cytoskeleton involved in mechanical
support, motility and maintenance of the
shape of the cell
(3) Microtubules are part of endomembrane
system.
(4) None of these
[NCERT PG No: 136]
Ans. 2