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Topic 1 - Exam A

Question #1 Topic 1

Which of the following threat actors is the most likely to be hired by a foreign government to attack critical systems located in other countries?

A. Hacktivist

B. Whistleblower

C. Organized crime

D. Unskilled attacker

Correct Answer: C

Question #2 Topic 1

Which of the following is used to add extra complexity before using a one-way data transformation algorithm?

A. Key stretching

B. Data masking

C. Steganography

D. Salting

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #3 Topic 1

An employee clicked a link in an email from a payment website that asked the employee to update contact information. The employee entered the

log-in information but received a “page not found” error message. Which of the following types of social engineering attacks occurred?

A. Brand impersonation

B. Pretexting

C. Typosquatting

D. Phishing

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)
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Question #4 Topic 1

An enterprise is trying to limit outbound DNS traffic originating from its internal network. Outbound DNS requests will only be allowed from one

device with the IP address 10.50.10.25. Which of the following firewall ACLs will accomplish this goal?

A. Access list outbound permit 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 port 53

Access list outbound deny 10.50.10.25/32 0.0.0.0/0 port 53

B. Access list outbound permit 0.0.0.0/0 10.50.10.25/32 port 53

Access list outbound deny 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 port 53

C. Access list outbound permit 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 port 53

Access list outbound deny 0.0.0.0/0 10.50.10.25/32 port 53

D. Access list outbound permit 10.50.10.25/32 0.0.0.0/0 port 53

Access list outbound deny 0.0.0.0/0 0.0.0.0/0 port 53

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

D (75%) C (25%)

Question #5 Topic 1

A data administrator is configuring authentication for a SaaS application and would like to reduce the number of credentials employees need to

maintain. The company prefers to use domain credentials to access new SaaS applications. Which of the following methods would allow this

functionality?

A. SSO

B. LEAP

C. MFA

D. PEAP

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (100%)

Question #6 Topic 1

Which of the following scenarios describes a possible business email compromise attack?

A. An employee receives a gift card request in an email that has an executive’s name in the display field of the email.

B. Employees who open an email attachment receive messages demanding payment in order to access files.

C. A service desk employee receives an email from the HR director asking for log-in credentials to a cloud administrator account.

D. An employee receives an email with a link to a phishing site that is designed to look like the company’s email portal.

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

C (60%) A (40%)
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Question #7 Topic 1

A company prevented direct access from the database administrators’ workstations to the network segment that contains database servers.

Which of the following should a database administrator use to access the database servers?

A. Jump server

B. RADIUS

C. HSM

D. Load balancer

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (100%)

Question #8 Topic 1

An organization’s internet-facing website was compromised when an attacker exploited a buffer overflow. Which of the following should the

organization deploy to best protect against similar attacks in the future?

A. NGFW

B. WAF

C. TLS

D. SD-WAN

Correct Answer: B

Community vote distribution

B (100%)

Question #9 Topic 1

An administrator notices that several users are logging in from suspicious IP addresses. After speaking with the users, the administrator

determines that the employees were not logging in from those IP addresses and resets the affected users’ passwords. Which of the following

should the administrator implement to prevent this type of attack from succeeding in the future?

A. Multifactor authentication

B. Permissions assignment

C. Access management

D. Password complexity

Correct Answer: A
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Question #10 Topic 1

An employee receives a text message that appears to have been sent by the payroll department and is asking for credential verification. Which of

the following social engineering techniques are being attempted? (Choose two.)

A. Typosquatting

B. Phishing

C. Impersonation

D. Vishing

E. Smishing

F. Misinformation

Correct Answer: CE

Community vote distribution

CE (67%) BE (33%)

Question #11 Topic 1

Several employees received a fraudulent text message from someone claiming to be the Chief Executive Officer (CEO). The message stated:

“I’m in an airport right now with no access to email. I need you to buy gift cards for employee recognition awards. Please send the gift cards to

following email address.”

Which of the following are the best responses to this situation? (Choose two).

A. Cancel current employee recognition gift cards.

B. Add a smishing exercise to the annual company training.

C. Issue a general email warning to the company.

D. Have the CEO change phone numbers.

E. Conduct a forensic investigation on the CEO’s phone.

F. Implement mobile device management.

Correct Answer: BC

Community vote distribution

BC (100%)

Question #12 Topic 1

A company is required to use certified hardware when building networks. Which of the following best addresses the risks associated with

procuring counterfeit hardware?

A. A thorough analysis of the supply chain

B. A legally enforceable corporate acquisition policy

C. A right to audit clause in vendor contracts and SOWs

D. An in-depth penetration test of all suppliers and vendors

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (100%)
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Question #13 Topic 1

Which of the following provides the details about the terms of a test with a third-party penetration tester?

A. Rules of engagement

B. Supply chain analysis

C. Right to audit clause

D. Due diligence

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (75%) C (25%)

Question #14 Topic 1

A penetration tester begins an engagement by performing port and service scans against the client environment according to the rules of

engagement. Which of the following reconnaissance types is the tester performing?

A. Active

B. Passive

C. Defensive

D. Offensive

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (100%)

Question #15 Topic 1

Which of the following is required for an organization to properly manage its restore process in the event of system failure?

A. IRP

B. DRP

C. RPO

D. SDLC

Correct Answer: B

Community vote distribution

B (100%)
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Question #16 Topic 1

Which of the following vulnerabilities is associated with installing software outside of a manufacturer’s approved software repository?

A. Jailbreaking

B. Memory injection

C. Resource reuse

D. Side loading

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #17 Topic 1

A security analyst is reviewing the following logs:

Which of the following attacks is most likely occurring?

A. Password spraying

B. Account forgery

C. Pass-the-hash

D. Brute-force

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (100%)

Question #18 Topic 1

An analyst is evaluating the implementation of Zero Trust principles within the data plane. Which of the following would be most relevant for the

analyst to evaluate?

A. Secured zones

B. Subject role

C. Adaptive identity

D. Threat scope reduction

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (45%) D (36%) Other
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Question #19 Topic 1

An engineer needs to find a solution that creates an added layer of security by preventing unauthorized access to internal company resources.

Which of the following would be the best solution?

A. RDP server

B. Jump server

C. Proxy server

D. Hypervisor

Correct Answer: B

Community vote distribution

B (100%)

Question #20 Topic 1

A company’s web filter is configured to scan the URL for strings and deny access when matches are found. Which of the following search strings

should an analyst employ to prohibit access to non-encrypted websites?

A. encryption=off

B. http://

C. www.*.com

D. :443

Correct Answer: B

Community vote distribution

B (100%)

Question #21 Topic 1

During a security incident, the security operations team identified sustained network traffic from a malicious IP address: 10.1.4.9. A security

analyst is creating an inbound firewall rule to block the IP address from accessing the organization’s network. Which of the following fulfills this

request?

A. access-list inbound deny ip source 0.0.0.0/0 destination 10.1.4.9/32

B. access-list inbound deny ip source 10.1.4.9/32 destination 0.0.0.0/0

C. access-list inbound permit ip source 10.1.4.9/32 destination 0.0.0.0/0

D. access-list inbound permit ip source 0.0.0.0/0 destination 10.1.4.9/32

Correct Answer: B

Community vote distribution

B (100%)
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Question #22 Topic 1

A company needs to provide administrative access to internal resources while minimizing the traffic allowed through the security boundary. Which

of the following methods is most secure?

A. Implementing a bastion host

B. Deploying a perimeter network

C. Installing a WAF

D. Utilizing single sign-on

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (100%)

Question #23 Topic 1

A security analyst is reviewing alerts in the SIEM related to potential malicious network traffic coming from an employee’s corporate laptop. The

security analyst has determined that additional data about the executable running on the machine is necessary to continue the investigation.

Which of the following logs should the analyst use as a data source?

A. Application

B. IPS/IDS

C. Network

D. Endpoint

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #24 Topic 1

A cyber operations team informs a security analyst about a new tactic malicious actors are using to compromise networks.

SIEM alerts have not yet been configured. Which of the following best describes what the security analyst should do to identify this behavior?

A. Digital forensics

B. E-discovery

C. Incident response

D. Threat hunting

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)
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Question #25 Topic 1

A company purchased cyber insurance to address items listed on the risk register. Which of the following strategies does this represent?

A. Accept

B. Transfer

C. Mitigate

D. Avoid

Correct Answer: B

Question #26 Topic 1

A security administrator would like to protect data on employees’ laptops. Which of the following encryption techniques should the security

administrator use?

A. Partition

B. Asymmetric

C. Full disk

D. Database

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (100%)

Question #27 Topic 1

Which of the following security control types does an acceptable use policy best represent?

A. Detective

B. Compensating

C. Corrective

D. Preventive

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)
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Question #28 Topic 1

An IT manager informs the entire help desk staff that only the IT manager and the help desk lead will have access to the administrator console of

the help desk software. Which of the following security techniques is the IT manager setting up?

A. Hardening

B. Employee monitoring

C. Configuration enforcement

D. Least privilege

Correct Answer: D

Question #29 Topic 1

Which of the following is the most likely to be used to document risks, responsible parties, and thresholds?

A. Risk tolerance

B. Risk transfer

C. Risk register

D. Risk analysis

Correct Answer: C

Question #30 Topic 1

Which of the following should a security administrator adhere to when setting up a new set of firewall rules?

A. Disaster recovery plan

B. Incident response procedure

C. Business continuity plan

D. Change management procedure

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)
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Question #31 Topic 1

A company is expanding its threat surface program and allowing individuals to security test the company’s internet-facing application. The

company will compensate researchers based on the vulnerabilities discovered. Which of the following best describes the program the company is

setting up?

A. Open-source intelligence

B. Bug bounty

C. Red team

D. Penetration testing

Correct Answer: B

Community vote distribution

B (100%)

Question #32 Topic 1

Which of the following threat actors is the most likely to use large financial resources to attack critical systems located in other countries?

A. Insider

B. Unskilled attacker

C. Nation-state

D. Hacktivist

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (100%)

Question #33 Topic 1

Which of the following enables the use of an input field to run commands that can view or manipulate data?

A. Cross-site scripting

B. Side loading

C. Buffer overflow

D. SQL injection

Correct Answer: D
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Question #34 Topic 1

Employees in the research and development business unit receive extensive training to ensure they understand how to best protect company data.

Which of the following is the type of data these employees are most likely to use in day-to-day work activities?

A. Encrypted

B. Intellectual property

C. Critical

D. Data in transit

Correct Answer: B

Question #35 Topic 1

A company has begun labeling all laptops with asset inventory stickers and associating them with employee IDs. Which of the following security

benefits do these actions provide? (Choose two.)

A. If a security incident occurs on the device, the correct employee can be notified.

B. The security team will be able to send user awareness training to the appropriate device.

C. Users can be mapped to their devices when configuring software MFA tokens.

D. User-based firewall policies can be correctly targeted to the appropriate laptops.

E. When conducting penetration testing, the security team will be able to target the desired laptops.

F. Company data can be accounted for when the employee leaves the organization.

Correct Answer: AF

Community vote distribution

AF (100%)

Question #36 Topic 1

A technician wants to improve the situational and environmental awareness of existing users as they transition from remote to in-office work.

Which of the following is the best option?

A. Send out periodic security reminders.

B. Update the content of new hire documentation.

C. Modify the content of recurring training.

D. Implement a phishing campaign.

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (100%)
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Question #37 Topic 1

A newly appointed board member with cybersecurity knowledge wants the board of directors to receive a quarterly report detailing the number of

incidents that impacted the organization. The systems administrator is creating a way to present the data to the board of directors. Which of the

following should the systems administrator use?

A. Packet captures

B. Vulnerability scans

C. Metadata

D. Dashboard

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #38 Topic 1

A systems administrator receives the following alert from a file integrity monitoring tool:

The hash of the cmd.exe file has changed.

The systems administrator checks the OS logs and notices that no patches were applied in the last two months. Which of the following most likely

occurred?

A. The end user changed the file permissions.

B. A cryptographic collision was detected.

C. A snapshot of the file system was taken.

D. A rootkit was deployed.

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #39 Topic 1

Which of the following roles, according to the shared responsibility model, is responsible for securing the company’s database in an IaaS model

for a cloud environment?

A. Client

B. Third-party vendor

C. Cloud provider

D. DBA

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (100%)
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Question #40 Topic 1

A client asked a security company to provide a document outlining the project, the cost, and the completion time frame. Which of the following

documents should the company provide to the client?

A. MSA

B. SLA

C. BPA

D. SOW

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #41 Topic 1

A security team is reviewing the findings in a report that was delivered after a third party performed a penetration test. One of the findings

indicated that a web application form field is vulnerable to cross-site scripting. Which of the following application security techniques should the

security analyst recommend the developer implement to prevent this vulnerability?

A. Secure cookies

B. Version control

C. Input validation

D. Code signing

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (100%)

Question #42 Topic 1

Which of the following must be considered when designing a high-availability network? (Choose two).

A. Ease of recovery

B. Ability to patch

C. Physical isolation

D. Responsiveness

E. Attack surface

F. Extensible authentication

Correct Answer: AD

Community vote distribution

AD (100%)
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Question #43 Topic 1

A technician needs to apply a high-priority patch to a production system. Which of the following steps should be taken first?

A. Air gap the system.

B. Move the system to a different network segment.

C. Create a change control request.

D. Apply the patch to the system.

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (100%)

Question #44 Topic 1

Which of the following describes the reason root cause analysis should be conducted as part of incident response?

A. To gather IoCs for the investigation

B. To discover which systems have been affected

C. To eradicate any trace of malware on the network

D. To prevent future incidents of the same nature

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #45 Topic 1

Which of the following is the most likely outcome if a large bank fails an internal PCI DSS compliance assessment?

A. Fines

B. Audit findings

C. Sanctions

D. Reputation damage

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

B (50%) A (50%)
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Question #46 Topic 1

A company is developing a business continuity strategy and needs to determine how many staff members would be required to sustain the

business in the case of a disruption. Which of the following best describes this step?

A. Capacity planning

B. Redundancy

C. Geographic dispersion

D. Tabletop exercise

Correct Answer: A

Question #47 Topic 1

A company’s legal department drafted sensitive documents in a SaaS application and wants to ensure the documents cannot be accessed by

individuals in high-risk countries. Which of the following is the most effective way to limit this access?

A. Data masking

B. Encryption

C. Geolocation policy

D. Data sovereignty regulation

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (100%)

Question #48 Topic 1

Which of the following is a hardware-specific vulnerability?

A. Firmware version

B. Buffer overflow

C. SQL injection

D. Cross-site scripting

Correct Answer: A
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Question #49 Topic 1

While troubleshooting a firewall configuration, a technician determines that a “deny any” policy should be added to the bottom of the ACL. The

technician updates the policy, but the new policy causes several company servers to become unreachable.

Which of the following actions would prevent this issue?

A. Documenting the new policy in a change request and submitting the request to change management

B. Testing the policy in a non-production environment before enabling the policy in the production network

C. Disabling any intrusion prevention signatures on the “deny any” policy prior to enabling the new policy

D. Including an “allow any” policy above the “deny any” policy

Correct Answer: B

Question #50 Topic 1

An organization is building a new backup data center with cost-benefit as the primary requirement and RTO and RPO values around two days.

Which of the following types of sites is the best for this scenario?

A. Real-time recovery

B. Hot

C. Cold

D. Warm

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #51 Topic 1

A company requires hard drives to be securely wiped before sending decommissioned systems to recycling. Which of the following best describes

this policy?

A. Enumeration

B. Sanitization

C. Destruction

D. Inventory

Correct Answer: B
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Question #52 Topic 1

A systems administrator works for a local hospital and needs to ensure patient data is protected and secure. Which of the following data

classifications should be used to secure patient data?

A. Private

B. Critical

C. Sensitive

D. Public

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (100%)

Question #53 Topic 1

A U.S.-based cloud-hosting provider wants to expand its data centers to new international locations. Which of the following should the hosting

provider consider first?

A. Local data protection regulations

B. Risks from hackers residing in other countries

C. Impacts to existing contractual obligations

D. Time zone differences in log correlation

Correct Answer: A

Question #54 Topic 1

Which of the following would be the best way to block unknown programs from executing?

A. Access control list

B. Application allow list

C. Host-based firewall

D. DLP solution

Correct Answer: B
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Question #55 Topic 1

A company hired a consultant to perform an offensive security assessment covering penetration testing and social engineering.

Which of the following teams will conduct this assessment activity?

A. White

B. Purple

C. Blue

D. Red

Correct Answer: D

Question #56 Topic 1

A software development manager wants to ensure the authenticity of the code created by the company. Which of the following options is the most

appropriate?

A. Testing input validation on the user input fields

B. Performing code signing on company-developed software

C. Performing static code analysis on the software

D. Ensuring secure cookies are use

Correct Answer: B

Question #57 Topic 1

Which of the following can be used to identify potential attacker activities without affecting production servers?

A. Honeypot

B. Video surveillance

C. Zero Trust

D. Geofencing

Correct Answer: A

Question #58 Topic 1

During an investigation, an incident response team attempts to understand the source of an incident. Which of the following incident response

activities describes this process?

A. Analysis

B. Lessons learned

C. Detection

D. Containment

Correct Answer: A
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Question #59 Topic 1

A security practitioner completes a vulnerability assessment on a company’s network and finds several vulnerabilities, which the operations team

remediates. Which of the following should be done next?

A. Conduct an audit.

B. Initiate a penetration test.

C. Rescan the network.

D. Submit a report.

Correct Answer: C

Question #60 Topic 1

An administrator was notified that a user logged in remotely after hours and copied large amounts of data to a personal device.

Which of the following best describes the user’s activity?

A. Penetration testing

B. Phishing campaign

C. External audit

D. Insider threat

Correct Answer: D

Question #61 Topic 1

Which of the following allows for the attribution of messages to individuals?

A. Adaptive identity

B. Non-repudiation

C. Authentication

D. Access logs

Correct Answer: B

Community vote distribution

B (100%)
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Question #62 Topic 1

Which of the following is the best way to consistently determine on a daily basis whether security settings on servers have been modified?

A. Automation

B. Compliance checklist

C. Attestation

D. Manual audit

Correct Answer: A

Question #63 Topic 1

Which of the following tools can assist with detecting an employee who has accidentally emailed a file containing a customer’s PII?

A. SCAP

B. NetFlow

C. Antivirus

D. DLP

Correct Answer: D

Question #64 Topic 1

An organization recently updated its security policy to include the following statement:

Regular expressions are included in source code to remove special characters such as $, |, ;. &, `, and ? from variables set by forms in a web

application.

Which of the following best explains the security technique the organization adopted by making this addition to the policy?

A. Identify embedded keys

B. Code debugging

C. Input validation

D. Static code analysis

Correct Answer: C
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Question #65 Topic 1

A security analyst and the management team are reviewing the organizational performance of a recent phishing campaign. The user click-through

rate exceeded the acceptable risk threshold, and the management team wants to reduce the impact when a user clicks on a link in a phishing

message. Which of the following should the analyst do?

A. Place posters around the office to raise awareness of common phishing activities.

B. Implement email security filters to prevent phishing emails from being delivered.

C. Update the EDR policies to block automatic execution of downloaded programs.

D. Create additional training for users to recognize the signs of phishing attempts.

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (67%) D (33%)

Question #66 Topic 1

Which of the following has been implemented when a host-based firewall on a legacy Linux system allows connections from only specific internal

IP addresses?

A. Compensating control

B. Network segmentation

C. Transfer of risk

D. SNMP traps

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (83%) B (17%)

Question #67 Topic 1

The management team notices that new accounts that are set up manually do not always have correct access or permissions.

Which of the following automation techniques should a systems administrator use to streamline account creation?

A. Guard rail script

B. Ticketing workflow

C. Escalation script

D. User provisioning script

Correct Answer: D
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Question #68 Topic 1

A company is planning to set up a SIEM system and assign an analyst to review the logs on a weekly basis. Which of the following types of

controls is the company setting up?

A. Corrective

B. Preventive

C. Detective

D. Deterrent

Correct Answer: C

Question #69 Topic 1

A systems administrator is looking for a low-cost application-hosting solution that is cloud-based. Which of the following meets these

requirements?

A. Serverless framework

B. Type 1 hypervisor

C. SD-WAN

D. SDN

Correct Answer: A

Question #70 Topic 1

A security operations center determines that the malicious activity detected on a server is normal. Which of the following activities describes the

act of ignoring detected activity in the future?

A. Tuning

B. Aggregating

C. Quarantining

D. Archiving

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (100%)
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Question #71 Topic 1

A security analyst reviews domain activity logs and notices the following:

Which of the following is the best explanation for what the security analyst has discovered?

A. The user jsmith’s account has been locked out.

B. A keylogger is installed on jsmith’s workstation.

C. An attacker is attempting to brute force jsmith’s account.

D. Ransomware has been deployed in the domain.

Correct Answer: C

Question #72 Topic 1

A company is concerned about weather events causing damage to the server room and downtime. Which of the following should the company

consider?

A. Clustering servers

B. Geographic dispersion

C. Load balancers

D. Off-site backups

Correct Answer: B

Question #73 Topic 1

Which of the following is a primary security concern for a company setting up a BYOD program?

A. End of life

B. Buffer overflow

C. VM escape

D. Jailbreaking

Correct Answer: D
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Question #74 Topic 1

A company decided to reduce the cost of its annual cyber insurance policy by removing the coverage for ransomware attacks.

Which of the following analysis elements did the company most likely use in making this decision?

A. MTTR

B. RTO

C. ARO

D. MTBF

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (100%)

Question #75 Topic 1

Which of the following is the most likely to be included as an element of communication in a security awareness program?

A. Reporting phishing attempts or other suspicious activities

B. Detecting insider threats using anomalous behavior recognition

C. Verifying information when modifying wire transfer data

D. Performing social engineering as part of third-party penetration testing

Correct Answer: A
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Question #76 Topic 1

HOTSPOT -

Select the appropriate attack and remediation from each drop-down list to label the corresponding attack with its remediation.

INSTRUCTIONS -

Not all attacks and remediation actions will be used.

If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
Correct Answer: 
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Question #77 Topic 1

HOTSPOT -

You are a security administrator investigating a potential infection on a network.

INSTRUCTIONS -

Click on each host and firewall. Review all logs to determine which host originated the infection and then identify if each remaining host is clean

or infected.

If at any time you would like to bring back the initial state of the simulation, please click the Reset All button.
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 Correct Answer: 

Question #78 Topic 1

Which of the following is the phase in the incident response process when a security analyst reviews roles and responsibilities?

A. Preparation

B. Recovery

C. Lessons learned

D. Analysis

Correct Answer: A

Question #79 Topic 1

After a recent vulnerability scan, a security engineer needs to harden the routers within the corporate network. Which of the following is the most

appropriate to disable?

A. Console access

B. Routing protocols

C. VLANs

D. Web-based administration

Correct Answer: D
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Question #80 Topic 1

A security administrator needs a method to secure data in an environment that includes some form of checks so track any changes. Which of the

following should the administrator set up to achieve this goal?

A. SPF

B. GPO

C. NAC

D. FIM

Correct Answer: D

Question #81 Topic 1

An administrator is reviewing a single server's security logs and discovers the following:

Which of the following best describes the action captured in this log file?

A. Brute-force attack

B. Privilege escalation

C. Failed password audit

D. Forgotten password by the user

Correct Answer: A
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Question #82 Topic 1

A security engineer is implementing FDE for all laptops in an organization. Which of the following are the most important for the engineer to

consider as part of the planning process? (Choose two.)

A. Key escrow

B. TPM presence

C. Digital signatures

D. Data tokenization

E. Public key management

F. Certificate authority linking

Correct Answer: AB

Community vote distribution

AB (100%)

Question #83 Topic 1

A security analyst scans a company's public network and discovers a host is running a remote desktop that can be used to access the production

network. Which of the following changes should the security analyst recommend?

A. Changing the remote desktop port to a non-standard number

B. Setting up a VPN and placing the jump server inside the firewall

C. Using a proxy for web connections from the remote desktop server

D. Connecting the remote server to the domain and increasing the password length

Correct Answer: B

Question #84 Topic 1

An enterprise has been experiencing attacks focused on exploiting vulnerabilities in older browser versions with well-known exploits. Which of the

following security solutions should be configured to best provide the ability to monitor and block these known signature-based attacks?

A. ACL

B. DLP

C. IDS

D. IPS

Correct Answer: С

Community vote distribution

D (86%) 14%
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Question #85 Topic 1

Security controls in a data center are being reviewed to ensure data is properly protected and that human life considerations are included. Which

of the following best describes how the controls should be set up?

A. Remote access points should fail closed.

B. Logging controls should fail open.

C. Safety controls should fail open.

D. Logical security controls should fail closed.

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (100%)

Question #86 Topic 1

Which of the following would be best suited for constantly changing environments?

A. RTOS

B. Containers

C. Embedded systems

D. SCADA

Correct Answer: B

Question #87 Topic 1

Which of the following incident response activities ensures evidence is properly handled?

A. E-discovery

B. Chain of custody

C. Legal hold

D. Preservation

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

B (100%)
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Question #88 Topic 1

An accounting clerk sent money to an attacker's bank account after receiving fraudulent instructions to use a new account. Which of the following

would most likely prevent this activity in the future?

A. Standardizing security incident reporting

B. Executing regular phishing campaigns

C. Implementing insider threat detection measures

D. Updating processes for sending wire transfers

Correct Answer: D

Question #89 Topic 1

A systems administrator is creating a script that would save time and prevent human error when performing account creation for a large number

of end users. Which of the following would be a good use case for this task?

A. Off-the-shelf software

B. Orchestration

C. Baseline

D. Policy enforcement

Correct Answer: B

Community vote distribution

B (100%)

Question #90 Topic 1

A company's marketing department collects, modifies, and stores sensitive customer data. The infrastructure team is responsible for securing the

data while in transit and at rest. Which of the following data roles describes the customer?

A. Processor

B. Custodian

C. Subject

D. Owner

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (67%) D (33%)
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Question #91 Topic 1

Which of the following describes the maximum allowance of accepted risk?

A. Risk indicator

B. Risk level

C. Risk score

D. Risk threshold

Correct Answer: D

Question #92 Topic 1

A security analyst receives alerts about an internal system sending a large amount of unusual DNS queries to systems on the internet over short

periods of time during non-business hours. Which of the following is most likely occurring?

A. A worm is propagating across the network.

B. Data is being exfiltrated.

C. A logic bomb is deleting data.

D. Ransomware is encrypting files.

Correct Answer: B

Question #93 Topic 1

A technician is opening ports on a firewall for a new system being deployed and supported by a SaaS provider. Which of the following is a risk in

the new system?

A. Default credentials

B. Non-segmented network

C. Supply chain vendor

D. Vulnerable software

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

D (80%) C (20%)
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Question #94 Topic 1

A systems administrator is working on a solution with the following requirements:

• Provide a secure zone.

• Enforce a company-wide access control policy.

• Reduce the scope of threats.

Which of the following is the systems administrator setting up?

A. Zero Trust

B. AAA

C. Non-repudiation

D. CIA

Correct Answer: A

Question #95 Topic 1

Which of the following involves an attempt to take advantage of database misconfigurations?

A. Buffer overflow

B. SQL injection

C. VM escape

D. Memory injection

Correct Answer: B

Question #96 Topic 1

Which of the following is used to validate a certificate when it is presented to a user?

A. OCSP

B. CSR

C. CA

D. CRC

Correct Answer: A
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Question #97 Topic 1

One of a company's vendors sent an analyst a security bulletin that recommends a BIOS update. Which of the following vulnerability types is being

addressed by the patch?

A. Virtualization

B. Firmware

C. Application

D. Operating system

Correct Answer: B

Question #98 Topic 1

Which of the following is used to quantitatively measure the criticality of a vulnerability?

A. CVE

B. CVSS

C. CIA

D. CERT

Correct Answer: B

Question #99 Topic 1

Which of the following actions could a security engineer take to ensure workstations and servers are properly monitored for unauthorized changes

and software?

A. Configure all systems to log scheduled tasks.

B. Collect and monitor all traffic exiting the network.

C. Block traffic based on known malicious signatures.

D. Install endpoint management software on all systems

Correct Answer: D

Question #100 Topic 1

An organization is leveraging a VPN between its headquarters and a branch location. Which of the following is the VPN protecting?

A. Data in use

B. Data in transit

C. Geographic restrictions

D. Data sovereignty

Correct Answer: B
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Question #101 Topic 1

After reviewing the following vulnerability scanning report:

A security analyst performs the following test:

Which of the following would the security analyst conclude for this reported vulnerability?

A. It is a false positive.

B. A rescan is required.

C. It is considered noise.

D. Compensating controls exist.

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #102 Topic 1

An organization disabled unneeded services and placed a firewall in front of a business-critical legacy system. Which of the following best

describes the actions taken by the organization?

A. Exception

B. Segmentation

C. Risk transfer

D. Compensating controls

Correct Answer: B

Community vote distribution

D (100%)
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Question #103 Topic 1

A security consultant needs secure, remote access to a client environment. Which of the following should the security consultant most likely use

to gain access?

A. EAP

B. DHCP

C. IPSec

D. NAT

Correct Answer: C

Question #104 Topic 1

Which of the following should a systems administrator use to ensure an easy deployment of resources within the cloud provider?

A. Software as a service

B. Infrastructure as code

C. Internet of Things

D. Software-defined networking

Correct Answer: B

Question #105 Topic 1

After a security awareness training session, a user called the IT help desk and reported a suspicious call. The suspicious caller stated that the

Chief Financial Officer wanted credit card information in order to close an invoice. Which of the following topics did the user recognize from the

training?

A. Insider threat

B. Email phishing

C. Social engineering

D. Executive whaling

Correct Answer: C
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Question #106 Topic 1

A security administrator is deploying a DLP solution to prevent the exfiltration of sensitive customer data. Which of the following should the

administrator do first?

A. Block access to cloud storage websites.

B. Create a rule to block outgoing email attachments.

C. Apply classifications to the data.

D. Remove all user permissions from shares on the file server.

Correct Answer: C

Question #107 Topic 1

An administrator assists the legal and compliance team with ensuring information about customer transactions is archived for the proper time

period. Which of the following data policies is the administrator carrying out?

A. Compromise

B. Retention

C. Analysis

D. Transfer

E. Inventory

Correct Answer: B

Question #108 Topic 1

A company is working with a vendor to perform a penetration test. Which of the following includes an estimate about the number of hours

required to complete the engagement?

A. SOW

B. BPA

C. SLA

D. NDA

Correct Answer: A
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Question #109 Topic 1

A Chief Information Security Officer (CISO) wants to explicitly raise awareness about the increase of ransomware-as-a-service in a report to the

management team. Which of the following best describes the threat actor in the CISO’s report?

A. Insider threat

B. Hacktivist

C. Nation-state

D. Organized crime

Correct Answer: D

Question #110 Topic 1

Which of the following practices would be best to prevent an insider from introducing malicious code into a company's development process?

A. Code scanning for vulnerabilities

B. Open-source component usage

C. Quality assurance testing

D. Peer review and approval

Correct Answer: D

Question #111 Topic 1

Which of the following can best protect against an employee inadvertently installing malware on a company system?

A. Host-based firewall

B. System isolation

C. Least privilege

D. Application allow list

Correct Answer: D

Question #112 Topic 1

A company is adding a clause to its AUP that states employees are not allowed to modify the operating system on mobile devices. Which of the

following vulnerabilities is the organization addressing?

A. Cross-site scripting

B. Buffer overflow

C. Jailbreaking

D. Side loading

Correct Answer: C
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Question #113 Topic 1

Which of the following would be the best ways to ensure only authorized personnel can access a secure facility? (Choose two.)

A. Fencing

B. Video surveillance

C. Badge access

D. Access control vestibule

E. Sign-in sheet

F. Sensor

Correct Answer: CD

Question #114 Topic 1

An organization would like to store customer data on a separate part of the network that is not accessible to users on the main corporate network.

Which of the following should the administrator use to accomplish this goal?

A. Segmentation

B. Isolation

C. Patching

D. Encryption

Correct Answer: A

Community vote distribution

A (75%) B (25%)

Question #115 Topic 1

Which of the following is the most common data loss path for an air-gapped network?

A. Bastion host

B. Unsecured Bluetooth

C. Unpatched OS

D. Removable devices

Correct Answer: D

Community vote distribution

D (100%)
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Question #116 Topic 1

Malware spread across a company's network after an employee visited a compromised industry blog. Which of the following best describes this

type of attack?

A. Impersonation

B. Disinformation

C. Watering-hole

D. Smishing

Correct Answer: C

Question #117 Topic 1

An organization is struggling with scaling issues on its VPN concentrator and internet circuit due to remote work. The organization is looking for a

software solution that will allow it to reduce traffic on the VPN and internet circuit, while still providing encrypted tunnel access to the data center

and monitoring of remote employee internet traffic. Which of the following will help achieve these objectives?

A. Deploying a SASE solution to remote employees

B. Building a load-balanced VPN solution with redundant internet

C. Purchasing a low-cost SD-WAN solution for VPN traffic

D. Using a cloud provider to create additional VPN concentrators

Correct Answer: A

Question #118 Topic 1

Which of the following is the best reason to complete an audit in a banking environment?

A. Regulatory requirement

B. Organizational change

C. Self-assessment requirement

D. Service-level requirement

Correct Answer: A
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Question #119 Topic 1

Which of the following security concepts is the best reason for permissions on a human resources fileshare to follow the principle of least

privilege?

A. Integrity

B. Availability

C. Confidentiality

D. Non-repudiation

Correct Answer: C

Question #120 Topic 1

Which of the following are cases in which an engineer should recommend the decommissioning of a network device? (Choose two.)

A. The device has been moved from a production environment to a test environment.

B. The device is configured to use cleartext passwords.

C. The device is moved to an isolated segment on the enterprise network.

D. The device is moved to a different location in the enterprise.

E. The device's encryption level cannot meet organizational standards.

F. The device is unable to receive authorized updates.

Correct Answer: EF

Question #121 Topic 1

A company is required to perform a risk assessment on an annual basis. Which of the following types of risk assessments does this requirement

describe?

A. Continuous

B. Ad hoc

C. Recurring

D. One time

Correct Answer: C
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Question #122 Topic 1

After a recent ransomware attack on a company's system, an administrator reviewed the log files. Which of the following control types did the

administrator use?

A. Compensating

B. Detective

C. Preventive

D. Corrective

Correct Answer: B

Question #123 Topic 1

Which of the following exercises should an organization use to improve its incident response process?

A. Tabletop

B. Replication

C. Failover

D. Recovery

Correct Answer: A

Question #124 Topic 1

Which of the following best ensures minimal downtime and data loss for organizations with critical computing equipment located in earthquake-

prone areas?

A. Generators and UPS

B. Off-site replication

C. Redundant cold sites

D. High availability networking

Correct Answer: B
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Question #125 Topic 1

A newly identified network access vulnerability has been found in the OS of legacy IoT devices. Which of the following would best mitigate this

vulnerability quickly?

A. Insurance

B. Patching

C. Segmentation

D. Replacement

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

C (75%) B (25%)

Question #126 Topic 1

After an audit, an administrator discovers all users have access to confidential data on a file server. Which of the following should the

administrator use to restrict access to the data quickly?

A. Group Policy

B. Content filtering

C. Data loss prevention

D. Access control lists

Correct Answer: D

Question #127 Topic 1

A client demands at least 99.99% uptime from a service provider's hosted security services. Which of the following documents includes the

information the service provider should return to the client?

A. MOA

B. SOW

C. MOU

D. SLA

Correct Answer: D
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Question #128 Topic 1

A company is discarding a classified storage array and hires an outside vendor to complete the disposal. Which of the following should the

company request from the vendor?

A. Certification

B. Inventory list

C. Classification

D. Proof of ownership

Correct Answer: A

Question #129 Topic 1

A company is planning a disaster recovery site and needs to ensure that a single natural disaster would not result in the complete loss of

regulated backup data. Which of the following should the company consider?

A. Geographic dispersion

B. Platform diversity

C. Hot site

D. Load balancing

Correct Answer: A

Question #130 Topic 1

A security analyst locates a potentially malicious video file on a server and needs to identify both the creation date and the file's creator. Which of

the following actions would most likely give the security analyst the information required?

A. Obtain the file's SHA-256 hash.

B. Use hexdump on the file's contents.

C. Check endpoint logs.

D. Query the file's metadata.

Correct Answer: D

Question #131 Topic 1

Which of the following teams combines both offensive and defensive testing techniques to protect an organization's critical systems?

A. Red

B. Blue

C. Purple

D. Yellow

Correct Answer: C
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Question #132 Topic 1

A small business uses kiosks on the sales floor to display product information for customers. A security team discovers the kiosks use end-of-life

operating systems. Which of the following is the security team most likely to document as a security implication of the current architecture?

A. Patch availability

B. Product software compatibility

C. Ease of recovery

D. Cost of replacement

Correct Answer: A

Question #133 Topic 1

Which of the following would help ensure a security analyst is able to accurately measure the overall risk to an organization when a new

vulnerability is disclosed?

A. A full inventory of all hardware and software

B. Documentation of system classifications

C. A list of system owners and their departments

D. Third-party risk assessment documentation

Correct Answer: A

Question #134 Topic 1

Which of the following best practices gives administrators a set period to perform changes to an operational system to ensure availability and

minimize business impacts?

A. Impact analysis

B. Scheduled downtime

C. Backout plan

D. Change management boards

Correct Answer: B

Question #135 Topic 1

A company must ensure sensitive data at rest is rendered unreadable. Which of the following will the company most likely use?

A. Hashing

B. Tokenization

C. Encryption

D. Segmentation

Correct Answer: C
 
Question #136 Topic 1

A legacy device is being decommissioned and is no longer receiving updates or patches. Which of the following describes this scenario?

A. End of business

B. End of testing

C. End of support

D. End of life

Correct Answer: D

Question #137 Topic 1

A bank insists all of its vendors must prevent data loss on stolen laptops. Which of the following strategies is the bank requiring?

A. Encryption at rest

B. Masking

C. Data classification

D. Permission restrictions

Correct Answer: A

Question #138 Topic 1

A company's end users are reporting that they are unable to reach external websites. After reviewing the performance data for the DNS severs, the

analyst discovers that the CPU, disk, and memory usage are minimal, but the network interface is flooded with inbound traffic. Network logs show

only a small number of DNS queries sent to this server. Which of the following best describes what the security analyst is seeing?

A. Concurrent session usage

B. Secure DNS cryptographic downgrade

C. On-path resource consumption

D. Reflected denial of service

Correct Answer: D
 
Question #139 Topic 1

A systems administrator wants to prevent users from being able to access data based on their responsibilities. The administrator also wants to

apply the required access structure via a simplified format. Which of the following should the administrator apply to the site recovery resource

group?

A. RBAC

B. ACL

C. SAML

D. GPO

Correct Answer: A

Question #140 Topic 1

During the onboarding process, an employee needs to create a password for an intranet account. The password must include ten characters,

numbers, and letters, and two special characters. Once the password is created, the company will grant the employee access to other company-

owned websites based on the intranet profile. Which of the following access management concepts is the company most likely using to safeguard

intranet accounts and grant access to multiple sites based on a user's intranet account? (Choose two.)

A. Federation

B. Identity proofing

C. Password complexity

D. Default password changes

E. Password manager

F. Open authentication

Correct Answer: AC

Question #141 Topic 1

Which of the following describes a security alerting and monitoring tool that collects system, application, and network logs from multiple sources

in a centralized system?

A. SIEM

B. DLP

C. IDS

D. SNMP

Correct Answer: A
 
Question #142 Topic 1

A network manager wants to protect the company's VPN by implementing multifactor authentication that uses:

Something you know -

Something you have -

Something you are -

Which of the following would accomplish the manager's goal?

A. Domain name, PKI, GeoIP lookup

B. VPN IP address, company ID, facial structure

C. Password, authentication token, thumbprint

D. Company URL, TLS certificate, home address

Correct Answer: C

Question #143 Topic 1

Which of the following would be the best way to handle a critical business application that is running on a legacy server?

A. Segmentation

B. Isolation

C. Hardening

D. Decommissioning

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

A (50%) B (50%)

Question #144 Topic 1

Which of the following vulnerabilities is exploited when an attacker overwrites a register with a malicious address?

A. VM escape

B. SQL injection

C. Buffer overflow

D. Race condition

Correct Answer: C
 
Question #145 Topic 1

After a company was compromised, customers initiated a lawsuit. The company's attorneys have requested that the security team initiate a legal

hold in response to the lawsuit. Which of the following describes the action the security team will most likely be required to take?

A. Retain the emails between the security team and affected customers for 30 days.

B. Retain any communications related to the security breach until further notice.

C. Retain any communications between security members during the breach response.

D. Retain all emails from the company to affected customers for an indefinite period of time.

Correct Answer: B

Question #146 Topic 1

Which of the following describes the process of concealing code or text inside a graphical image?

A. Symmetric encryption

B. Hashing

C. Data masking

D. Steganography

Correct Answer: D

Question #147 Topic 1

An employee receives a text message from an unknown number claiming to be the company’s Chief Executive Officer and asking the employee to

purchase several gift cards. Which of the following types of attacks does this describe?

A. Vishing

B. Smishing

C. Pretexting

D. Phishing

Correct Answer: B

Question #148 Topic 1

Which of the following risk management strategies should an enterprise adopt first if a legacy application is critical to business operations and

there are preventative controls that are not yet implemented?

A. Mitigate

B. Accept

C. Transfer

D. Avoid

Correct Answer: A
 
Question #149 Topic 1

Visitors to a secured facility are required to check in with a photo ID and enter the facility through an access control vestibule. Which of the

following best describes this form of security control?

A. Physical

B. Managerial

C. Technical

D. Operational

Correct Answer: A

Question #150 Topic 1

The local administrator account for a company's VPN appliance was unexpectedly used to log in to the remote management interface. Which of

the following would have most likely prevented this from happening?

A. Using least privilege

B. Changing the default password

C. Assigning individual user IDs

D. Reviewing logs more frequently

Correct Answer: B

Question #151 Topic 1

Which of the following is the best way to secure an on-site data center against intrusion from an insider?

A. Bollards

B. Access badge

C. Motion sensor

D. Video surveillance

Correct Answer: B
 
Question #152 Topic 1

An engineer moved to another team and is unable to access the new team's shared folders while still being able to access the shared folders from

the former team. After opening a ticket, the engineer discovers that the account was never moved to the new group. Which of the following access

controls is most likely causing the lack of access?

A. Role-based

B. Discretionary

C. Time of day

D. Least privilege

Correct Answer: A

Question #153 Topic 1

Which of the following factors are the most important to address when formulating a training curriculum plan for a security awareness program?

(Choose two.)

A. Channels by which the organization communicates with customers

B. The reporting mechanisms for ethics violations

C. Threat vectors based on the industry in which the organization operates

D. Secure software development training for all personnel

E. Cadence and duration of training events

F. Retraining requirements for individuals who fail phishing simulations

Correct Answer: BF

Community vote distribution

CE (100%)

Question #154 Topic 1

A network administrator is working on a project to deploy a load balancer in the company's cloud environment. Which of the following

fundamental security requirements does this project fulfil?

A. Privacy

B. Integrity

C. Confidentiality

D. Availability

Correct Answer: D
 
Question #155 Topic 1

A systems administrator is changing the password policy within an enterprise environment and wants this update implemented on all systems as

quickly as possible. Which of the following operating system security measures will the administrator most likely use?

A. Deploying PowerShell scripts

B. Pushing GPO update

C. Enabling PAP

D. Updating EDR profiles

Correct Answer: B

Question #156 Topic 1

Which of the following would be most useful in determining whether the long-term cost to transfer a risk is less than the impact of the risk?

A. ARO

B. RTO

C. RPO

D. ALE

E. SLE

Correct Answer: D

Question #157 Topic 1

In order to strengthen a password and prevent a hacker from cracking it, a random string of 36 characters was added to the password. Which of

the following best describes this technique?

A. Key stretching

B. Tokenization

C. Data masking

D. Salting

Correct Answer: D
 
Question #158 Topic 1

A technician is deploying a new security camera. Which of the following should the technician do?

A. Configure the correct VLAN.

B. Perform a vulnerability scan.

C. Disable unnecessary ports.

D. Conduct a site survey.

Correct Answer: C

Community vote distribution

D (100%)

Question #159 Topic 1

A company is experiencing a web services outage on the public network. The services are up and available but inaccessible. The network logs

show a sudden increase in network traffic that is causing the outage. Which of the following attacks is the organization experiencing?

A. ARP poisoning

B. Brute force

C. Buffer overflow

D. DDoS

Correct Answer: D

Question #160 Topic 1

Which of the following threat actors is the most likely to be motivated by profit?

A. Hacktivist

B. Insider threat

C. Organized crime

D. Shadow IT

Correct Answer: C
 
Question #161 Topic 1

An organization experiences a cybersecurity incident involving a command-and-control server. Which of the following logs should be analyzed to

identify the impacted host? (Choose two.)

A. Application

B. Authentication

C. DHCP

D. Network

E. Firewall

F. Database

Correct Answer: DE

Question #162 Topic 1

During a penetration test, a vendor attempts to enter an unauthorized area using an access badge. Which of the following types of tests does this

represent?

A. Defensive

B. Passive

C. Offensive

D. Physical

Correct Answer: D

Question #163 Topic 1

A systems administrator uses a key to encrypt a message being sent to a peer in a different branch office. The peer then uses the same key to

decrypt the message. Which of the following describes this example?

A. Symmetric

B. Asymmetric

C. Hashing

D. Salting

Correct Answer: A
 
Question #164 Topic 1

A visitor plugs a laptop into a network jack in the lobby and is able to connect to the company's network. Which of the following should be

configured on the existing network infrastructure to best prevent this activity?

A. Port security

B. Web application firewall

C. Transport layer security

D. Virtual private network

Correct Answer: A

Question #165 Topic 1

A security administrator is reissuing a former employee's laptop. Which of the following is the best combination of data handling activities for the

administrator to perform? (Choose two.)

A. Data retention

B. Certification

C. Destruction

D. Classification

E. Sanitization

F. Enumeration

Correct Answer: CE

Community vote distribution

BE (100%)

Question #166 Topic 1

A systems administrator would like to deploy a change to a production system. Which of the following must the administrator submit to

demonstrate that the system can be restored to a working state in the event of a performance issue?

A. Backout plan

B. Impact analysis

C. Test procedure

D. Approval procedure

Correct Answer: A
 
Question #167 Topic 1

A company is redesigning its infrastructure and wants to reduce the number of physical servers in use. Which of the following architectures is

best suited for this goal?

A. Serverless

B. Segmentation

C. Virtualization

D. Microservices

Correct Answer: C -

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