DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
(Accredited by NBA & ABET)
Course : Signals & Systems Academic Year: 2025-26 Semester : II/I
Course Code : 22EC205 Module No: 01 Branch : ECE Section B,D,VLSI
Name of the Faculty: Dr. Bishnu Prasad Mishra No. of Questions: 10
1. For the trapezoidal pulse is shown below
6 − 𝑡, 5≤𝑡≤6
2, −5≤𝑡 ≤5
𝑥 (𝑡) = {
𝑡 + 6, −6 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ −5
0, 𝑜𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑟𝑤𝑖𝑠𝑒
a) Determine the total energy of x (t). [3M,BTL3, CO-1]
b) Perform time scaled and sketch i. 𝑦 (𝑡) = 𝑥 (3𝑡) ii. 𝑦 (𝑡) = 𝑥 (𝑡/4). [3M,
BTL3, CO-1]
c) Sketch 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑥(3𝑡 − 4) use both correct and incorrect thump rule and justify
your answer. [4M, BTL4, CO-1]
2.
(a) Outline the properties of impulse signal and its relationship between unit step and
unit ramp signal. [3M, BTL2, CO-1]
(b) Using the properties of impulse function evaluate the following integrals [3M,
BTL3, CO-1]
∞
i)∫0 (𝑡 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜋𝑡)𝛿(𝑡 − 1) dt
∞
ii) ∫0 (𝑡 + 𝑐𝑜𝑠𝜋𝑡)𝛿(𝑡 + 1) dt
(c) Differentiate between energy signal and power signal.
𝑡
Consider 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝛿(𝑡 + 2) − 𝛿(𝑡 − 1) and 𝑦(𝑡) = ∫−∞ 𝑥(𝑡)𝑑𝑡. Determine the
energy of y(t) and y(2t). [4M, BTL3-4, CO-1]
3. a) Classify the analog system types with proper example.[3M, BTL2, CO-1]
b)Verify the casuality and linearity of the system governed by the equation
𝑦 (𝑡) = 𝑥 (sin(𝑡)) [3M, BTL3, CO-1]
c) A continuous time LTI system ‘S’ with input x(t) and output y(t) yields the following
input and output pairs
𝑆 𝑆
𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 𝑗2𝑡 → 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑒 𝑗3𝑡 .and 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑗2𝑡 → 𝑦(𝑡) = 𝑒 −𝑗3𝑡 .
i) If 𝑥1 (t)=cos(2t). Determine the corresponding output 𝑦1 (t).[2M, BTL3, CO-2]
1
ii) If 𝑥2 (t)=cos(2(t-2)). Determine the corresponding output 𝑦2 (t). [2M, BTL3,
CO-2]
4. Solve the followings.
(a) Write a differential equation relating the output 𝑦(𝑡) to the circuit mentioned
below:[3M, BTL3, CO-2]
(b) Compute the step response by applying an input 𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑢(𝑡).[3M, BTL3, CO-2]
(c) Then, use the step response to obtain the impulse response. [4M, BTL3, CO-2]
5. Consider the continuous-time LTI system implemented as the RLC circuit shown in
Figure below. The voltage source x(t) is considered the input to this system. The
voltage y(t) across the capacitor is considered the system output.
(a) Describe the circuit with a differential equation. [4M, BTL3, CO-2]
(b) How should R, L and C be related so that there is no oscillation to input 𝑥(𝑡) =
4 sin 𝑡?[3M, BTL4, CO-2]
(c) Evaluate the transfer function and comment on the circuit behaviour. [3M, BTL4,
CO-2]
6. An analog LTI system with impulse response function h(t) = u(t + 3) − u(t − 3) is
presented with an input x(t) = t[u(t − 1) − u(t − 3)].
a) Determine and plot the system output y(t) = x(t) ∗ h(t).[4M, BTL3, CO-2]
b) Is the system BIBO-stable? Justify your answer. [3M, BTL4, CO-2]
c) Is the system causal? Justify. [3M, BTL4, CO-2]
7. Consider the signal x(t) = 𝛼 𝑡 𝑢(𝑡)
a) Calculate and sketch the signal g(𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡) − 𝛼𝑥(𝑡 − 1). [3M, BTL3, CO-1]
b) Use the result of part (a) in conjunction with properties of convolution in order to
determine a sequence h(t) such that [4M, BTL3, CO-2]
1 𝑡
x(t) ∗ h(t) = ( ) [𝑢(𝑡 + 4) − 𝑢(𝑡 − 4)]
4
c) Analyze the LTI system output and show that output of LTI system is convolution
of input and impulse response. [3M, BTL4, CO-2]
8. a) Show that 𝑥(𝑡) is orthogonal to signals cos 𝑡, cos 2𝑡, ⋯, cos 𝑛𝑡 for all non-zero
2 0≤𝑡≤𝜋
integer values of n over the interval 0 to 2𝜋 if 𝑥(𝑡) = { . [3M,
−2 𝜋 ≤ 𝑡 ≤ 2𝜋
BTL3, CO-3]
b) If 𝑥𝑒 (𝑡) and 𝑥𝑜 (𝑡) are respectively the even and odd parts of a signal 𝑥(𝑡). Show
that they are orthogonal over the interval –T to T for any T. [4M, BTL3, CO-3]
c) Derive the closed loop formula for complex fourier series coefficient. [3M, BTL2,
CO-3]
9. Suppose the signal 𝑥(𝑡) can be written as a Fourier series
𝑥(𝑡) = 4 sin 3𝜋𝑡 + 6 sin(6𝜋𝑡 + 200 ) + 8 sin(9𝜋𝑡 + 400 )
a) Determine the fundamental period of 𝑥(𝑡).[3M, BTL2, CO-3]
b) Plot the magnitude and phase of the Fourier series coefficient of 𝑥(𝑡).[3M, BTL3,
CO-3]
c) Determine the value of 𝑎0 , 𝑎𝑘 , 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏𝑘 𝑓𝑜𝑟 𝑎𝑙𝑙 𝑘 ≥ 1 and 𝑥(𝑡) is real and can be
written in trigonometric form as
∞
𝑥(𝑡) = 𝑎0 + ∑ 𝑎𝑘 cos(𝑘𝜔0 𝑡 + 𝑏𝑘 ) . [4𝑀, BTL3, CO − 3]
𝑘=1
10. Consider the following three continuous-time signals with a fundamental period of
1
𝑇=4 . 𝑥(𝑡) = cos 3𝜋𝑡
𝑦(𝑡) = sin 6𝜋𝑡
𝑧(𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡)𝑦(𝑡)
a) Compute the Fourier series coefficients of 𝑥(𝑡). [3M, BTL3, CO-3]
b) Compute the Fourier series coefficients of 𝑦(𝑡).[3M, BTL3, CO-3]
c) Use the results of parts (a) and (b), along with the multiplication property of the
continuous-time Fourier series, to determine the Fourier series coefficients of
𝑧(𝑡) = 𝑥(𝑡)𝑦(𝑡).[2M, BTL4, CO-3]
d) Compute the Fourier series coefficients of z(t) through direct expansion of z(t) in
trigonometric form, and compare your result with that of part (c).[2M, BTL4, CO-
3]
