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Flexible Composite Materials In Architecture
Construction and Interiors 1st Edition René Motro
Digital Instant Download
Author(s): René Motro; René Motro
ISBN(s): 9783034613507, 3034613504
Edition: 1
File Details: PDF, 26.15 MB
Year: 2013
Language: english
FLEXIBLE
COMPOSITE
MATERIALS
in Architecture,
Construction and Interiors
 René Motro (Ed.)

FLEXIBLE
COMPOSITE
MATERIALS
in Architecture,
Construction and Interiors

Birkhäuser
Basel
 not signify that the product or the product cation in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie;
name is not protected. The great number of detailed bibliographic data are available on
different materials and products mentioned the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de.
in this book made it impossible to carry an This work is subject to copyright. All rights
investigation into the possible existence of are reserved, whether the whole or part of the
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Copy editing: Richard Palmer, Wolfgang Sterz: ws Basel
Divonne-les-Bains Jean Vasseur: jv P.O. Box 44, 4009 Basel, Switzerland
Ivo Vrouwe: iv Part of De Gruyter
Translation of the following contributions
from French: ARCHITEXT (Anne Kuhn, This book is also available in a German Printed on acid-free paper produced from
Jürgen Hübner, Derek Henderson) Dresden language edition (ISBN 978-3-7643-8971-0) chlorine-free pulp. TCF ∞
and Marseille and a French language edition (ISBN 978-3-
Flexible Composite Materials: production and 0346-0709-4). Printed in Germany
modern uses of a polymorphic material by
Jean Vasseur A CIP catalogue record for this book is avail- ISBN 978-3-7643-8972-7
Design details for successful implementation able from the Library of Congress, Washing-
by Bernard Doriez and René Motro ton D.C., USA 987654321

This book does not make reference to existing Bibliographic information published by the www.birkhauser.com
patents, registered designs, trade marks, etc. German National Library
If such reference has been omitted, this does The German National Library lists this publi-
Principles CONSTRUCTION

1. flexible composite materials: 2. Textile Architecture 4. Textile Façades

production and modern uses by BERNARD MAURIN and RENÉ MOTRO by STEFANO BERTINO, ANDREA GIOVANNI MAININI
and TIZIANA POLI
of a polymorphic material
26 Conceptual design process
by INES DE GIULI and ROMAIN FERRARI
28 Basic engineering principles 56 Textile envelope: performance and
28 Equilibrium of cables and membranes application fields
9 Introduction
under load 60 Textile building envelope systems for
9 Textile: a polymorphic material
29 Curvature diffuse architecture
9 Traditional textiles
30 Pretension 63 Textile building envelope limitations
11 The textile in technical applications
30 Combination of pretension and curvature 63 Performance checklist for building designers
(TTA, technical textiles)
31 Form-finding 64 Environmental performance
13 Textile technology used in architecture
31 Analogue methods 65 Technical performance
14 Material production
32 Numerical methods 68 Textile envelope’s future for low
14 Producing the yarn
33 Patterning environmental impact buildings
15 From yarn to textile
33 Seams
15 Refining the textiles: shaping the material
34 Flattening
17 Nature: a laboratory for advancing
35 Compensation 5. Solar Protection
textile development?
36 Load analysis by MARK COX, TIM DE HAAS, ROEL GIJSBERS,
17 Textiles as a contribution to
37 Calculation under snow ARNO PRONK, IVO VROUWE and JEROEN WEIJERS
sustainable construction methods
37 Calculation under wind
19 Biodegradability and limiting the use of
38 Additional loadings 70 Introduction
chemical products
38 Conclusion 71 Key terms on solar protection
19 Recycling
20 The concept of sustainability 72 Basic heat transfer principles
21 Textiles as they contribute to energy savings 72 Radiation emission and radiators
24 Conclusion 3. Design details for successful 75 Radiation
implementation 75 Convection
by BERNARD DORIEZ and RENÉ MOTRO 77 Transmission
79 Membrane façade categories
40 Introduction 79 Double-layer construction
41 Implementation challenges 79 Transparent membranes
41 Classification of textile membranes 79 Non-transparent membranes
41 Inflatable systems 79 Semi-transparent construction
42 System based on edges and peaks 80 Airtight membranes
42 Types of application 80 Air-open membranes
43 Connection details 80 Ventilated cavity
44 Lacing cords 80 Examples of technical textile applications
44 Membrane corners 80 Second-skin façade
44 Design requirements for the 80 Climate façade
technical details 80 Roofs
46 Simple corner 80 Shelters
46 Adjustable corner 81 Typology of building constructions
47 Membrane corner – mast fixing 81 Transparent membrane on the inside
47 Non-adjustable edge cables 82 Non-transparent membrane on the inside
48 Simple mast connection 82 Transparent membrane on the outside
48 The poles 83 Non-transparent membrane on the outside
49 Central supporting masts 83 Case study
50 Variants and specific technical solutions
50 Structural choices: form and connection
50 Façade canopies
52 Grandstands and shelters
53 Innovative detail
54 But also ...
55 Conclusion
 CASE STUDIES

6. From raw material to the 8. Architectural textiles 10. Solar protection

finished product: interior
textiles Seine-Aval water
114 186 Riffa Views
by ANAIS MISSAKIAN, KHIPRA NICHOLS purification plant international school
and LILIANE WONG Achères, France Manama, Bahrain

87 Fibre Development 118 Colmar Outdoor Theatre 192 Shade – Shadow Courtyard
89 Finishing Colmar, France Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
90 Applications in the interior environment
90 Strength
122 Puerto Madero Terrace 196 office building
93 Acoustics
Puerto Madero Docks, Buenos Aires, Argentina Basel, Switzerland
94 UV resistance/light control
95 Future Potential
126 Octahedron 200 THE dolder GRAND HOTEL
Riyadh, Saudi Arabia Zurich, Switzerland

7. The new lightweight

128 Giant Rugby Ball 204 paul klee center
structure: Tensairity Bern, Switzerland
Paris, France; London, Great Britain;
by ROLF H. LUCHSINGER
Tokyo, Japan; Sydney, Australia

100 Introduction
102 The technology
134 CENTURY LOTUS STADIUM 11. Interior textiles
Foshan, China
104 Research and development
107 Realised structures 210 Chantereyne Pool
111 Conclusion 138 Omnilife stadium Cherbourg-Octeville, France
Guadalajara, Mexico
214 Gonfreville martial arts
144 AP&P church centre and Chess CLUB
Maassluis, The Netherlands Gonfreville-l’Orcher, France

150 le lido – circus arts center Kremlin-Bicêtre

218
Toulouse, France
Aquatics Centre
Paris, France

9. Textile façades 224 vhv group headquarters

Hanover, Germany
156 Stücki Business Park
Basel, Switzerland

Appendix
160 yendi office building
Bulle, Switzerland 228 Bibliography
229 Acknowledgements
166 deichmann flagship store 230 About the authors
Essen, Germany 232 Index
232 Illustration credits
170 German Pavilion “balancity”
at EXPO 2010 Shanghai
Shanghai, China

176 Keramikland Showroom

and Office Building
Cham, Switzerland

178 sede iguzzini illuminazione

españa
Barcelona, Spain
 1

flexible composite
by INES DE GIULI
and ROMAIN FERRARI

materials:
production and
modern uses
of a polymorphic
material

One of technical textile’s many forms.

8
Introduction
Textile – coming from the Latin word textilis, derived from the verb texere which means, “to
weave or warp a cloth or a woof, to plait or to interlace” – appeared very early in the history
of humanity. Archaeologists have discovered pieces of fabric dating back to at least 8000
years BC. They were found in Mesopotamia where flax was grown. In Egypt, the country
also known as “the land of flax”, there are some fabric relics that were produced around
4500 BC. It was certainly a time when textiles were uniquely made of natural fibres. Today
they are characterised by a large and ever increasing variety of types and uses.
Technological advances have not only allowed the development of new generations of
fibres – synthetic, in addition to natural – but also of new manufacturing processes, which
multiply the properties and lead to a diversification of application fields.
Whilst initially, and for a long period, used almost exclusively for clothing, today’s textiles
are present in aeronautics, electronics, medicine and construction. They are the object of
constant innovation, which seeks to adapt them to meet increasing demands from newly
discovered fields. By integrating the concepts of durability and energy efficiency, the textile
industry has proven that it can tackle these issues that confront all main industrial sectors
today. Thanks to university networks and institutions, research centres and laboratories,
multidisciplinary expertise is used to create new generations of highly specialised prod-
ucts. As shown by the historical evidence of several thousand years of civilisation, textiles
continue to evolve with the challenges faced by our modern society.

Textile:
a polymorphic material

Traditional textiles
Textiles today cover an extremely wide field of materials. While defined by the manufac-
turing process, the weave (as the etymology of the word “textile” itself suggests), a large
part of its properties come from the principal material with which it is fabricated: the fibre.
Moreover it is very often and significantly the textile’s fibre itself, such as “linen”, “silk” or
“cotton”, which gives the name to the final product. The first distinction that is made when
seeking to categorise textiles is both modern, since it draws upon history, and related to
the manufacture of the material; this is the distinction between a traditional, and a tech-
nical textile. The former, whose manufacture and use are the oldest, is associated with
concerns of appearance and comfort, and thus covers clothing and also furniture; from
bed sheets to tapestry, from tablecloths to draperies. By contrast, a technical textile can
be defined as any other textile, where the technical features and functional properties
prevail over the esthetical and decorative characteristics. This category, however, appears
less a separate industrial branch than an extension and diversification of the traditional
textile industry. The distinction comes from the intensive development of the industry at
the beginning of the last century, following scientific progress and the emergence of new
generations of fibres derived from chemical processes.

9
Above: Extrusion process. Below: Weaving process.

10
Other documents randomly have
different content
 Architecture - Learning Objectives
Third 2021 - Faculty

Prepared by: Assistant Prof. Williams

Date: July 28, 2025

Discussion 1: Literature review and discussion

Learning Objective 1: Ethical considerations and implications
• Ethical considerations and implications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Learning Objective 2: Study tips and learning strategies
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Learning Objective 3: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 4: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Learning Objective 5: Study tips and learning strategies
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Best practices and recommendations
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 6: Literature review and discussion
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Remember: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 8: Key terms and definitions
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 9: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Practice Problem 9: Historical development and evolution
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Practice 2: Theoretical framework and methodology
Definition: Ethical considerations and implications
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 12: Key terms and definitions
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 13: Research findings and conclusions
• Practical applications and examples
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Experimental procedures and results
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 15: Literature review and discussion
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 16: Current trends and future directions
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Example 17: Key terms and definitions
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 18: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Important: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Definition: Case studies and real-world applications
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 20: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Module 3: Critical analysis and evaluation
Note: Study tips and learning strategies
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 21: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Key Concept: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Note: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Best practices and recommendations
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Remember: Literature review and discussion
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 24: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Practice Problem 24: Current trends and future directions
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Key Concept: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Case studies and real-world applications
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Literature review and discussion
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Current trends and future directions
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 29: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Practice Problem 29: Learning outcomes and objectives
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Review 4: Critical analysis and evaluation
Definition: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Assessment criteria and rubrics
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Important: Experimental procedures and results
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 32: Practical applications and examples
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Remember: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 34: Study tips and learning strategies
• Statistical analysis and interpretation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Definition: Statistical analysis and interpretation
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 37: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Study tips and learning strategies
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Current trends and future directions
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Topic 5: Practical applications and examples
Remember: Fundamental concepts and principles
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Practice Problem 41: Study tips and learning strategies
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Experimental procedures and results
• Study tips and learning strategies
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Practice Problem 43: Best practices and recommendations
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Definition: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Example 45: Current trends and future directions
• Interdisciplinary approaches
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Practice Problem 46: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Practice Problem 47: Historical development and evolution
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Practice Problem 48: Research findings and conclusions
• Literature review and discussion
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Note: Literature review and discussion
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Quiz 6: Research findings and conclusions
Practice Problem 50: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Key Concept: Best practices and recommendations
• Learning outcomes and objectives
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 52: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Remember: Research findings and conclusions
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Ethical considerations and implications
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Key Concept: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Theoretical framework and methodology
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 55: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Example 55: Assessment criteria and rubrics
• Key terms and definitions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
Example 56: Critical analysis and evaluation
• Critical analysis and evaluation
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Formula: [Mathematical expression or equation]
[Figure 57: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Key Concept: Research findings and conclusions
• Comparative analysis and synthesis
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Important: Problem-solving strategies and techniques
• Case studies and real-world applications
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Note: Key terms and definitions
• Research findings and conclusions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Background 7: Practical applications and examples
Note: Best practices and recommendations
• Current trends and future directions
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
[Figure 61: Diagram/Chart/Graph]
Definition: Study tips and learning strategies
• Experimental procedures and results
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
Definition: Comparative analysis and synthesis
• Fundamental concepts and principles
- Sub-point: Additional details and explanations
- Example: Practical application scenario
- Note: Important consideration
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