An Internship Report

on
General Banking Activities of Janata Bank PLC,
Shyamoli Corporate Branch, Dhaka

Supervised by
Professor Dr. Md. Golam Mostafa
Dean, Bachelor of Business Administration
Jagannath University

Submitted by
Ismail Hossain
ID: B180202097
Department of Management Studies
Jagannath University, Dhaka

Date of Submission: December 17, 2023

 Letter of Transmittal

December 17, 2023

Professor Dr. Md. Golam Mostafa
Dean, Bachelor of Business Administration
Jagannath University
Dhaka

Subject: Submission of Internship Report

Dear Sir,
I am pleased to inform you that I have completed my internship report and am now ready
to submit it. The report is focused on the General Banking Activities of Janata Bank
PLC, Shyamoli Corporate Branch, Dhaka.
I truly enjoyed my time working at Janata Bank PLC, specifically at the Shyamoli
Corporate Branch in Dhaka (Zip Code: 1207). I've done my best to convey all the
experiences and insights I gained during my time there in preparing this report.
My internship was a valuable period during which I gained practical knowledge, and this
report reflects that experience. I am submitting this report, which includes all the
necessary information related to my internship, for your evaluation. I sincerely hope that
you find my effort commendable.
Sincerely yours,

________________
Ismail Hossain
ID: B180202097
Department of Management Studies
Jagannath University

[ii]
 Declaration of the Student

Having recently wrapped up an enlightening three-month apprenticeship journey at

Janata Bank PLC, myself, Ismail Hossain want to express my appreciation for the
opportunity. I had to learn and grow during this time. In the aftermath of this rich learning
experience, I took the initiative to curate an in-depth internship report, which I've titled
General Banking Activities of Janata Bank PLC, Shyamoli Corporate Branch,
Dhaka.

The intention behind this report was singularly academic. I took great care to ensure that
its contents were strictly aligned with my educational goals and assignments. I would
like to clarify that I've taken every precaution to ensure the information within remains
confidential and that the report won't be used or repurposed in any manner that could
potentially be against the interests of Janata Bank PLC. The trust and goodwill of the
institution mean a lot to me, and I'm committed to upholding them.

________________
Ismail Hossain
ID: B180202097
Department of Management Studies
Jagannath University

[iii]
 Department of Management Studies
Jagannath University
9-10, Chittaranjan Avenue, Dhaka-1100

Certificate of Supervisor

This is certified that, Ismail Hossain, ID: B180202097, Academic session: 2018-2019,
Batch: 14(B), Major in Management Studies, is a regular student of 8th semester (Final
Semester) of BBA program, Department of Management Studies, Jagannath University.
He has completed an internship program on General Banking Activities of Janata
Bank PLC, Shyamoli Corporate Branch, Dhaka. Under my supervision is fulfillment
of partial requirement of obtaining BBA degree.

I wish him success in all his future endeavors.

_____________________________
Professor Dr. Md. Golam Mostafa
Dean, Bachelor of Business Administration
Jagannath University
Dhaka

[iv]
 Preface

Within the framework of our academic program, every student pursuing a bachelor’s
degree in business administration at Jagannath University is tasked with a project, a
critical component of which is the creation of an internship report. In this swiftly evolving
era, one of the most invaluable sectors for us to delve into is the field of banking, its
operations, and activities. The report I've compiled offers a comprehensive overview of
a bank's operations and is titled General Banking Activities of Janata Bank PLC,
Shyamoli Corporate Branch, Dhaka a quintessential aspect of any banking institution.

My assigned location for the completion of my internship program was the Shyamoli
Corporate Branch of Janata Bank PLC. During this period, I not only enjoyed my time
but, more significantly, I gained an understanding of how to perform effectively while
under the weight of responsibilities. This hands-on experience is a vital step in a person's
growth and readiness for the corporate world, serving as a bridge to ease the transition.

I made a concerted effort to maximize my learning during the three-month internship and
channeled most of my energy into the General Banking section. Consequently, this report
is focused on describing my roles and responsibilities in the broader context of banking
activities.

Ismail Hossain
ID: B180202097

[v]
 Acknowledgement

First and foremost, I'd like to express my deep gratitude to Almighty Allah for bestowing
upon me the strength and perseverance to finalize this report punctually.

I owe a lot to Professor Dr. Md. Golam Mostafa, my esteemed internship guide, who
entrusted me with this crucial task and continuously encouraged me throughout my
tenure. His guidance was indispensable in crafting the report I now present.

Additionally, special thanks are due to Moshfeka Begum (Senior Officer) and Mst.
Farida Eyasmin (Assistant General Manager) along with the entire team at Janata Bank
PLC, Shyamoli Corporate Branch. Their unwavering support, keen insights, and
willingness to share invaluable information played a significant role in shaping this
report, allowing me to pen it with confidence and independence.

It's not possible to adequately express my gratitude towards all the wonderful individuals
who played a part in the creation of this report. I'm also deeply thankful to the Department
of Management Studies at Jagannath University for giving me the opportunity to gain
real-world experience.

I must sincerely extend my appreciation to all the dedicated executives and officers at
Janata Bank PLC, Shyamoli Corporate Branch in Dhaka. Their support and cooperation
were instrumental in the preparation of this report.

Ismail Hossain
ID: B180202097

[vi]
 Executive Summary

In Bangladesh, the banking sector now stands as the cornerstone of the organized
financial system. Banks have evolved into the most trusted financial institutions
worldwide, catering to the diverse financial needs of people. The primary goal for every
financial institution is to ensure maximum customer satisfaction. Consequently, the
expectations of Janata Bank's service quality are consistently moderate.
During the course of this project, I had the privilege of gaining valuable insights from
the bank's dedicated employees. Janata Bank PLC, a prominent commercial bank, boasts
923 strategically located branches throughout Bangladesh's commercial zones. It also
extends its presence globally through Exchange Houses and numerous overseas
Correspondents. The bank transitioned into a Public Limited Company on May 17, 2007.
This report consists of 6 chapters.
The first part of this report is an introduction. In the introduction part of this report,
describe the Origin of the Report, Objectives of the Study, Methodology of the Study,
Source of Data, and Scope and Limitations of the Study.
In the 2nd chapter title Banking Sector of Bangladesh has been described i.e., Definition
of Bank and overview of Banking Sector.
In the 3rd chapter Overview of Janata Bank PLC has been described i.e., Historical
Background of the Janata Bank PLC, Organizational Overview, Overview of Shyamoli
Corporate Branch, Nature of Business, Corporate Profile of Janata Bank PLC, Mission,
Vision, Objectives, Organogram of Janata Bank PLC, and Bank Operational Area.
In the Chapter 4th Janata Bank PLC’s Activities has been described i.e., Banking
Landscape in Bangladesh and Janata Bank's Contributions, Major Banking Practices
Arena of Janata Bank PLC, General Banking, Credit Management, Foreign Exchange,
and Other Services.
In the 5th chapter of the report, my internship works are described i.e., Experience of
Internship, Duration, and my learning during my internship period.
Last chapter (chapter:6) of the report, findings, conclusions and recommendations has
been described.

[vii]
 Abbreviation

Acronym Description
A/C Account or Bank Account
AML Against Money Laundering
BACH Bangladesh Automated Clearing House
BB Bangladesh Bank
BBA Bachelor of Business Administration
BCC Branch Credit Committee
BEFTN Bangladesh Electronic Fund Transfer
DD Demand Draft
EFD Loan Against Export Development Fund
FBP Foreign Bills Purchase
FCB Foreign Commercial Bank
FD Fix Deposit
FDR Fix Deposit Receipt
HBFC House Building Finance Corporation
HO Head Purchases
HOCC Head Office Credit Committee
IBP Inland Bill Purchase
IC Industrial Credit
JB Janata Bank
JBPCS JB PIN Cash System
JBRPS JB Remittance Payment System (Deposit/Withdrawal from Branch)
JBWWSP Janata Bank Women’s Welfare Savings Project
JCHSL Janata Care Health Service Loan
JDS Janata Deposit Scheme
JHDS Janata Hajj Deposit Scheme
JMDS Janata Millionaire Deposit Scheme
KYC Know Your Customer
LIM Loan Against Imported Merchandise
LLC Limited Liability Company
LTR Loan Against Document
MT Mail Transfer
NGO Non-Government Organization
NID National Identification Document
NRPS Non-Resident Pension Scheme
PAD Payment Against Document
PC Packing Credit

[viii]
PCB Private Commercial Bank
PKSF Palli Karma Sahayak Foundation
PLC Public Limited Company
PLS Profit-Loss Sharing
P. O Pay Order
P.O NO. President Order Number
P. S Pay Slip
RM Relationship Manager
SD Scheme Deposit (Monthly Savings Deposit)
SDB Specialized Bank
SDR Security Deposit Receipt
SND Special Notice Deposit
SOB Secured Overdraft
SOCB State-Owned Commercial Bank
SP Sale of Sanchay Patra
STD Short Term Deposit
TT Telephonic Transfer
UAE United Arab Emirates
WEB Wage Earner Bond

[ix]
 Table of Content
Page
Particulars
No.
Title Page i
Letter of Transmittal ii
Declaration of the Student iii
Certificate of Supervisor iv
Preface v
Acknowledgement vi
Executive Summary vii
Abbreviation viii

Chapter 01: Introduction 01-05

1.1 Origin of the Report 02
1.2 Objectives of the Study 02
1.3 Methodology of the Study 02
1.4 Source of Data 03
1.5 Scope and Limitations of the Study 04

Chapter 02: Banking Sector of Bangladesh 06-12

2.1 Definition of Bank 07
2.2 Overview of Banking Sector 07
2.2.1 Bangladesh Bank 08
2.2.1.1 Function of Bangladesh Bank 08
2.2.1.2 Banks and FIs 09

Chapter 03: Overview of Janata Bank PLC 11-19

3.1 Historical Background of the Janata Bank PLC 12
3.2 Organizational Overview 12
3.3 Overview of Shyamoli Corporate Branch 12
3.4 Nature of Business 13
3.5 Corporate Profile of Janata Bank PLC 13
3.6 Mission, Vision, Objectives 14
3.7 Organogram of JB PLC 16
3.8 Bank Operational Area 18
 Chapter 04: General Banking Activities 20-31
4.1 Banking Landscape in Bangladesh and Janata Bank’s Contributions 21
4.2 Major Banking Practices Arana of Janata Bank PLC 21
4.3 General Banking 22
4.3.1 A/C Opening 23
4.3.2 Deposit Section 23
4.3.3 Cash Section 26
4.3.4 Remittance 26
4.3.5 Bills and Clearing 27
4.3.6 Account Section 27
4.3.7 Dispatch Section 28
4.4 Credit Management 28
4.5 Foreign Exchange 30
4.6 Other Services 30

Chapter 05: Internship Experience 32-41

5.1 Experience of Internship 33
5.2 Duration 33
5.3 Bank Account Opening Section 33
5.3.1 Prerequisites for Opening Bank Account 34
5.4 Opening a Bank Account 35
5.5 Transfer Daily Transactions Voucher to the Ledger Book 39
5.5.1 Before Automated System 39
5.5.2 After Automated System 39
5.6 Lessons from the Internship 40
5.7 My Opinion 40

Chapter 06: Findings, Conclusion and Recommendation 42-47

6.1 Problem Findings 43
6.2 Conclusion 44
6.3 Recommendation 45
6.4 References 47
Chapter 01: Introduction
1.1 Origin of the Report
It is commonly stated that theory alone lacks direction, while practice alone lacks
purpose. Internships serve to bridge the gap between theoretical knowledge and its
practical application. The main goal of this report is to gain insights into the overall
activities within the banking sector. The report is based on my internship experience at
Janata Bank PLC, a listed bank in Bangladesh. Titled General Banking Activities of
Janata Bank PLC, Shyamoli Corporate Branch, Dhaka. It is a compilation of
information gathered during my internship period.
A comprehensive understanding of any subject can only be achieved when supported by
real-world events. Theoretical knowledge, no matter how high in quality, remains
incomplete without practical application. This is particularly true in the field of Business
Administration, where real-life experience plays a crucial role. Internship programs are
vital for BBA students as they provide exposure to real-life situations. Considering the
importance of banks as financial institutions, I have chosen Janata Bank PLC, one of the
prominent government commercial banks in Bangladesh, as the focus of my internship
report, specifically on General Banking Activities of Janata Bank PLC, Shyamoli
Corporate Branch, Dhaka.
In recent years, Bangladesh has witnessed significant and rapid changes in its banking
sector, a trend not unique to our country but observed worldwide due to technological
advancements, globalization, and deregulation. Janata Bank PLC, as a state-owned
scheduled bank in Bangladesh, has played a significant role in lending and investment
across various sectors, ranging from industry to microfinance.

1.2 Objectives of the Study

The primary objective of the report is to know how to open a bank account, transfer daily
transactions vouchers into the ledger book and other general banking activities of Janata
Bank PLC to fulfill my internship program requirements. Some specific objectives are: -
a) to understand the general banking activities of Janata Bank PLC (Public Limited
Company), Shyamoli Corporate Branch, Dhaka.
b) to find out about the problem regarding the general banking activities of Janata
Bank PLC (Public Limited Company) in Shyamoli Branch.
c) to recommend some suggestions that could be helpful for Janta bank PLC (Public
Limited Company) to improve general banking activities.

1.3 Methodology of the Study

While crafting this report, I gravitated towards a qualitative methodology. Because this
study requires many types of information, present policies, and procedures. I made this
choice based on theoretical knowledge, field observation, field survey and practical
orientation. This qualitative approach allowed me to dive deep into the intricate details,
providing richer insights and a more holistic understanding.

Page | 2
1.4 Source of Data
The term "source of data" within the context of an internship report pertains to the origin
or originators of the information and details incorporated in the report. It serves as a
comprehensive reference to the specific locations or individuals from whom the requisite
information for the internship project or research was acquired.
According to my internship report I am selecting two types of sources of data for report
complete. Those are: a) Data collection Procedure and b) Data processing and
analysis.

1.4.1 Data Collection Procedure

I'm currently in the process of creating an internship report for Janata Bank PLC. When
it comes to gathering data for this report, I'm relying on two distinct categories of sources:
a) Primary Sources and b) Secondary Sources

Data
Collection
Procedures

Primary Secondary
Sources Sources

Conversation
Personal Books, Articls
Desk Work With Bank Anual Report Internet
Observation and Journals
Employee

Source: Research Methods for Business Students (8th edition).

Primary Sources
These are initial, fundamental sources of information. Within this category, I'm
employing a range of methods to collect data:
i. Personal Observation: This involves firsthand experiences and observations that
I've encountered during my time at the bank. It could be anything I've seen, heard,
or felt while working there.
ii. Desk Work: This part of my data collection process entails spending time within
the bank and engaging in desk work. It could involve tasks like reviewing
documents, records, or conducting specific analyses.
iii. Conversations with Bank's Employees: A significant portion of my primary
data collection involves engaging in discussions and conversations with the bank's
employees. This includes observation and informal chats to gain insights,
opinions, and information directly from the staff members.

Page | 3
Secondary Sources
These are equally vital and offer valuable support for my report. Within the secondary
sources, I employ a variety of methods to gather data:
i. Annual Report of Janata Bank Limited: The annual report of the bank provides
a wealth of information regarding its performance, financial standing, and
strategic direction. It's a key reference point for understanding the bank's
operations, goals, and achievements.
ii. Variety of Books, Articles & Journals Related to Banking: I delve into the
wealth of literature available in the form of books, articles, and academic journals
that are directly relevant to the field of banking. These materials offer valuable
insights, theories, and perspectives that complement my firsthand experiences.
iii. Information from the Internet: The internet serves as a vast repository of
information. I explore credible online sources to access data related to the broader
banking industry, market trends, and best practices. This supplements my report
by providing a broader context for my observations.

1.4.2 Data Processing and Analysis

The information I gathered was carefully processed and organized with the assistance of
computer software, including Microsoft Word. I utilized this software to create essential
tables, which were built upon the data we had collected. Additionally, I have taken the
time to provide detailed explanations and conducted thorough analyses, all of which have
been seamlessly integrated into the report.

1.5 Scope and Limitations of the Study

1.5.1 Scope of the Study
The scope of this study refers to the specific business area that has been covered. It covers
the scope of the study process and data collection. Various sources were used to collect
comprehensive data in the report. The staff and management of JB showed incredible
support and cooperation and provided detailed data and information that contributed
immensely to the completion of this study. Additionally, journals, the official website,
and annual report of JB played an important role in collecting the necessary data for
preparing the report. These sources helped provide valuable information and provide a
deeper understanding of the topic. The employees not only led the search process, but
also shared their real-world experiences, providing valuable insights into the bank's
operations.

1.5.2 Limitation of the Study

Preparing a report on this topic within a short timeframe is undeniably challenging.
Throughout the process, I encountered a range of problems and limitations that
influenced my study. Here's a detailed breakdown of the challenges I faced:

Page | 4
 i. Insufficiency of Information: One of the main constraints was the inadequacy
of information required for the study. Unfortunately, employees were unable to
provide this information due to confidential information for security and
corporate obligations, which limited my access to crucial data.
ii. Limited Access to Internal Data: Another significant challenge was the limited
opportunity to access internal data within the organization. This restricted my
ability to explore certain aspects in-depth.
iii. Time Limitations: The constraints of time compelled us to prioritize certain
aspects over others. Consequently, many relevant aspects could not be thoroughly
discussed in the current report.
iv. Busy Bank Personnel: The busy schedules of bank personnel posed a significant
hurdle. They had limited availability, which made it challenging to gather
comprehensive information.
v. Reliance on Secondary Data: In most instances, I relied on secondary data
sources to compensate for the data gaps. This, however, presented its own set of
limitations.
vi. Disorganized Data: The bank's data was often not organized systematically,
making it difficult to extract and present all the required information.

Page | 5
Chapter 02: Banking Sector of
Bangladesh
2.1 Definition of Bank
'Bank' name was recognized as 'Banco'. A bank is a financial entity that aids in the
development of any economy. In the current economy, it is seen as a necessary service
business. A bank functions as a commercial entity with a primary goal of generating
profits, aligning with the objectives of various business establishments. It's noteworthy
that banks differ from conventional producers as they don't trade in tangible goods.
Instead, a bank operates as a service-oriented institution, with its services being the focal
point. Consequently, many assert that a bank's success in profit generation hinges on
ensuring the virtual quality of its services. It is undeniable that a bank attracts interest
and patronage from the public when the excellence of its services instills confidence in
society. Successful profit generation by banks involves covering fund-related expenses
with service charges. Banks cater to two main types of clients: those who contribute funds
through deposits and those who seek loans from the bank, committing to repayment
obligations.
Bank is a financial institution that collects society's surplus cash and gives a part of that
as loan to investors for earning profit. So, a bank is an intermediary institution that makes
relationship between the owner of surplus savings and the investor of deficit capital. In
this process, banks earn profit by receiving interest from the borrowers who want to take
short-term and or long-term loans and making relatively lower interest payment to the
depositors for providing their funds for use by the bank. According to Dictionary of
Banking & Finance, some widely accepted definitions of banks are given below:
i. Receives current deposit and give the withdrawal facilities to clients through
cheque.
ii. Receives term deposit and pay interest on it.
iii. Discounting notes, approving loans, and invest in government and other credit
instruments collect cheque, draft and note, etc.
iv. Issue draft and cashier's cheque.
v. Notification of depositors' cheque.
vi. Act as a trustee in accordance with government permission.

2.2 Overview of Banking Sector

In recent times, although several non-bank financial institutions have emerged, the
financial landscape of Bangladesh predominantly revolves around the banking sector.
The banking sector encompasses key entities, including Bangladesh Bank serving as the
central bank, four state-owned commercial banks, four specialized banks/development
financial institutions (two are state-owned), thirty private commercial banks, and nine
foreign commercial banks. The financial system of Bangladesh is comprised of three
broad fragmented sectors:

• Formal Sector: The formal sector includes all regulated institutions like Banks,
Non-Bank Financial Institutions (FIs), Insurance Companies, Capital Market

Page | 7
 Intermediaries like Brokerage Houses, Merchant Banks etc.; Micro Finance
Institutions (MFIs).
• Semi-Formal Sector: The semi-formal sector includes those institutions which
are regulated otherwise but do not fall under the jurisdiction of the Central Bank,
Insurance Authority, Securities and Exchange Commission or any other enacted
financial regulator. This sector is mainly represented by Specialized Financial
Institutions like House Building Finance Corporation (HBFC), Palli Karma
Sahayak Foundation (PKSF), Samabay Bank, Grameen Bank etc., Non-
Governmental Organizations (NGOs and discrete government programs.
• Informal Sector: The informal sector includes private intermediaries which are
completely unregulated.

2.2.1 Bangladesh Bank

Bangladesh Bank, serving as the central bank of
Bangladesh, holds full ownership by the Government of
Bangladesh and is a participant in the Asian Clearing
Union. It plays an active role in formulating policies
related to green banking and financial inclusion,
establishing itself as a significant member of the
Alliance for Financial Inclusion. It was established in
Dhaka as an autonomous entity in accordance with the
Bangladesh Bank Order, 1972 (P.O. No. 127 of 1972),
Figure 2.1: BB Logo it became operational on December 16, 1971, as stated
on the Bangladesh Bank website. Presently, it operates through nine offices strategically
positioned across various divisions of the country. Notably, two offices are situated in the
capital city, Motijheel and Sadarghat, two in the Rajshahi division, namely Bogra and
Rajshahi, and one in each of the remaining five divisions—Chittagong, Khulna, Sylhet,
Barisal, and Rangpur.
2.2.1.1 Functions of Bangladesh Bank
Bangladesh Bank shoulders a comprehensive range of responsibilities, encompassing
both fundamental tasks typical of monetary and financial sector regulators and
supplementary functions. These functions are delineated as follows:
i. Formulation and implementation of monetary and credit policies.
ii. Regulation and supervision of banks and non-bank financial institutions,
promotion and development of domestic financial markets.
iii. Management of the country's international reserves.
iv. Issuance of currency notes.
v. Regulation and supervision of the payment system.
vi. Acting as banker to the government.
vii. Money laundering prevention.
viii. Collection and furnishing of credit information.

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 ix. Implementation of the Foreign Exchange Regulation Act.
x. Managing a deposit insurance scheme.
2.2.1.2 Banks & FIs
In the aftermath of independence, the banking sector in Bangladesh embarked on its
journey with the presence of 6 nationalized commercial banks, 3 state-owned specialized
banks, and 9 foreign banks. Subsequently, in the 1980s, the banking industry underwent
significant expansion with the emergence of private banks. Presently, the banks in
Bangladesh fall into two main categories:

Categories of Bank

Scheduled Banks Non-Scheduled Banks

Source: https://bb.org.bd/en/index.php/bankfi [Access on 11 Nov. 2023].
Scheduled Banks
These banks are included in the list maintained under the Bangladesh Bank Order of
1972. They are subject to full control and supervision by Bangladesh Bank, empowered
through the Bangladesh Bank Order, 1972, and the Bank Company Act, 1991. There are
61 scheduled banks in Bangladesh, each authorized to perform a comprehensive range
of banking functions.
There are 61 scheduled banks in Bangladesh who operate under full control and
supervision of Bangladesh Bank which is empowered to do so through Bangladesh Bank
Order, 1972 and Bank Company Act, 1991. Scheduled Banks are classified into
following types:

Scheduled Banks
(61)

State Owned Private Foreign

Specialized Banks
Commercial Banks Commercial Banks Commercial Banks
(3)
(6) (43) (9)

Islami Shariah
Conventional PCBs
Based PCBs
(33)
(10)

Source: https://bb.org.bd/en/index.php/bankfi [Access on 11 Nov. 2023].

Page | 9
 i. State Owned Commercial Banks (SOCBs): There are 6 SOCBs which are fully
or majorly owned by the Government of Bangladesh.
ii. Specialized Banks (SDBs): 3 specialized banks are now operating which were
established for specific objectives like agricultural or industrial development.
These banks are also fully or majorly owned by the Government of Bangladesh.
iii. Private Commercial Banks (PCBs): There are 43 private commercial banks
which are majorly owned by individuals/the private entities. PCBs can be
categorized into two groups:
a) Conventional PCBs: 33 conventional PCBs are now operating in
industry. They perform the banking functions in conventional fashion i.e.,
interest-based operations.
b) Islami Shariah based PCBs: There are 10 Islami Shariah based PCBs in
Bangladesh and they execute banking activities according to Islami
Shariah based principles i.e., Profit-Loss Sharing (PLS) mode.
iv. Foreign Commercial Banks (FCBs): 9 FCBs are operating in Bangladesh as the
branches of the banks which are incorporated in abroad.
Non-Scheduled Banks
These banks are established for specific and defined purposes, operating under
designated acts but lacking the status of scheduled banks. Non-scheduled banks have
limitations in performing the complete spectrum of functions that scheduled banks are
entitled to. There are now 5 non-scheduled banks in Bangladesh which are:
a) Ansar VDP Unnayan Bank b) Grameen Bank c) Jubilee Bank
d) Karmashangosthan Bank e) Palli Sanchay Bank

Page | 10
Chapter 03: Overview of
Janata Bank PLC
3.1 Historical Background of the Janata Bank PLC
With the emergence of Bangladesh as an independent, sovereign state in 1971 after a
devastating nine-month war against the West Pakistani occupation army, a war, full of
blood and tears, trauma, and pain of millions of our beloved ones, the legacy of rebuilding
the already broken financial base of the country was felt as an urgent call of the day
against a collapsed economic reality of a newly born state. In this backdrop, in order to
rebuild the country’s economy, measures had been taken to merge a number of banks
previously operated in this region and make new banks and these initiatives led to the
formation of Janata Bank.
‘Janata’ means ‘People’. So, Janata Bank means ‘People’s Bank’. Janata Bank PLC
(ex: Janata Bank Limited) is one of the largest state-owned commercial banks in
Bangladesh. After the great liberation war Bangladesh in 1971, The United Bank Limited
and Union Bank Limited were merged and introduce new bank in Bangladesh which
named as Janata Bank. JB established under the Bangladesh Bank order 1972 by
nationalization Order (President’s Order No. 26) of 1972. On 15th November 2007 Janata
Bank got registered with the Joint Stock of Registrars (certificate of incorporation No-
C66933(4425)07) and restructured it as a public limited company with the name ‘Janata
Bank Limited’.

3.2 Organizational Overview

Janata Bank Limited, a commercial bank owned by the state in Bangladesh, has an
authorized capital of BDT 30,000 million with a paid-up capital of BDT 23,140 million.
The bank's total assets amounted to BDT 1,275,032 million, Liabilities & Capital
1,275,032 million, Shareholder’ Equity 45,802 million, Borrowings & Others 214,645
million as of December 31, 2022.
Currently, JB PLC functions via a vast network comprising 923 branches in home and
abroad which also encompasses four international branches positioned in the United Arab
Emirates. The bank boasts a dedicated manpower of over 12173 individuals.
The bank's operations are governed by a board of directors comprised of eight (08)
individuals, led by a chairman. Both the public and private sectors are represented by
these directors. The corporate headquarters is in Dhaka, the capital city (Janata Bhaban
110, Motijheel C/A Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh), and is structured into ten divisions,
consisting of 44 departments.

3.3 Overview of Shyamoli Corporate Branch

Janata Bank PLC is the second-largest government bank institution in Bangladesh. The
Janata Bank PLC Shyamoli Corporate Branch was established on May 31, 1978. The
present address of Shyamoli Branch is 24 Shyamoli, Mirpur Road, Mohammadpur
Housing, Mohammadpur, Dhaka 1207. Currently, this branch employs a total of 16 staff
members engaged in banking services. According to my observation, most of the

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employees of this branch are women (Men: 5, Women: 11). Maliha Parvin, Senior
Principal Officer at this branch, and Mst. Farida Eyasmin works as an Assistant General
Manager.

Figure 3.2: Image of Janata Bank PLC, Shyamoli Corporate Branch

Almost every day, this branch processes over 200 transactions, including various types
of transactions such as deposit and withdrawal from customer bank accounts, payment
of different bills, special schemes, challans, etc.

3.4 Nature of Business

The Bank provides all kinds of commercial banking services to its customers including
accepting deposits, extending loans & advances, discounting & purchasing bills,
remittance, money transfer, foreign exchange transaction, guarantee, commitments etc.
The principal Company of its subsidiary Janata Exchange Company is to carry on the
remittance of hard-earned foreign currency to Bangladesh. Another subsidiary company,
Janata Capital and Investment Limited, Dhaka is to act as issue manager, share
underwriter and portfolio manager. The Bank has opened an NRB branch at Motijheel,
Dhaka to render exclusive service to non-resident Bangladeshis.

3.5 Corporate Profile of Janata Bank PLC

Key Point Detail
Name of Company Janata Bank PLC
Registered Office 110, Motijheel C/A Dhaka-1000 Bangladesh.
Legal Status Public Limited Company
Date of Incorporation 21 May 2007
Date of Commencement of
21 May 2007
Business
Authorized Capital Tk. 30,000 million
Paid up Capital Tk. 23,140 million

Page | 13
 Face value per share Tk. 100 per share
100% Share owned by the Government of the
Shareholding Pattern
Peoples Republic of Bangladesh
Tax Identification No. 143462765792
Business Identification No 000000027-0002
Chairman Dr. S. M. Mahfuzur Rahman
Managing Director & CEO Md. Abdul Jabber
Head of Internal Control and
Md. Ramjan Bahar (DMD)
Compliance
Chief Financial Officer (CFO) Md. Nurul Alam FCMA, FCA (DMD)
Chief Risk Officer Md. Quamrul Ahsan (DMD)
Company Secretary Monsur-Ul Haque Md. Jahangir (GM)
Subsidiaries
Janata Capital and Investment
Dhaka, Bangladesh
Ltd
Rome & Milan, Italy Relationship Management
Janata Exchange Company srl.
Application
Number of Employees 12,173
Number of Exchange House 71 Corporate Rating Status
AAA in the long-term
With Government Support
ST-1 in the short term
A1 in the long term
Without Government Support
ST-2 in the short term
Source: Janata Bank PLC Annual Report-2022

3.6 Mission, Vision, Objectives

3.6.1 Mission
Janata Bank PLC will be an effective commercial bank by maintaining a stable growth
strategy, delivering high quality financial products, providing excellent customer service
through an experienced management team, and ensuring good corporate governance in
every unit/component of banking network.

3.6.2 Vision
To become an effective and the largest commercial bank in Bangladesh to support socio-
economic development of the country and to be a leading bank in South Asia.

3.6.3 Objective
General Objective
JB PLC has set forth a range of general objectives that drive its operations and direction.
These general objectives encompass:
i. Enhancing Customer Engagement: One of the primary objectives is to increase
customer engagement through various banking operations. This involves

Page | 14
 providing a broader spectrum of services and solutions that cater to the diverse
needs of their customer base.
ii. Introducing IT-Based Banking Facilities: To improve the quality of customer
service, JB aims to introduce advanced IT-based banking facilities. This
encompasses embracing digital
solutions and technologies that
enhance the overall banking General
experience. Objective
iii. Maintaining Exchangeability: JB
endeavors to ensure sufficient
Strategic
exchangeability to fulfill mature
contracts. This is crucial to uphold Source: Janata Bank PLC Annual
their commitment to clients and Report-2022
stakeholders.
iv. Meeting Financial Requirements: The bank is committed to maintaining a
financial position that allows them to meet advanced agreements and
commitments effectively. This involves prudent financial management.
v. Implementing Smart Monitoring Systems: To enhance operational efficiency
and compliance, the bank tries to establish smart monitoring systems and ensure
procedural integrity in its activities.
vi. Optimizing Asset Utilization: Janata Bank is focused on maximizing the
utilization of its current assets, ensuring that all resources are employed to their
fullest potential.
vii. Staff Development and Motivation: The bank recognizes the value of its
workforce and is dedicated to the development and motivation of its staff. This
objective involves fostering a positive and productive work environment.
viii. Community Involvement: Beyond banking operations, JB seeks to play a role in
the community. This objective entails active involvement in community
development and engagement, reflecting the bank's commitment to social
responsibility.
Strategic Objective
Enhance Automation by Implementing Online Banking: Janata Bank's first strategic
objective is to increase automation by introducing online banking across all its branches.
This initiative aims to provide customers with efficient and convenient services. It
involves digitalizing various banking processes, such as transactions, account
management, and customer interactions, to enhance the overall customer experience.
Fortify the Capital Base: To strengthen its resilience capacity, Janata Bank aims to
bolster its capital base. This includes maintaining an adequate level of capital reserves to
absorb unexpected losses and contingencies, ensuring the bank's financial stability.

Page | 15
Reinforce Internal Controls and Compliance: The bank's strategic focus on
reinforcing internal controls involves implementing well-defined policies, procedures,
and processes. By doing so, Janata Bank can maintain strict compliance with banking
regulations and industry standards, reducing the risk of financial improprieties and
enhancing transparency.
Achieve Asset Growth with High-Quality Assets: Janata Bank seeks to achieve asset
growth by focusing on acquiring high-quality assets. This involves making prudent
investment decisions and providing loans to creditworthy customers, thereby expanding
the bank's asset portfolio while maintaining its financial strength.
Undertake Strong Measures to Recover Classified and Write-Off Loans: This
objective involves implementing aggressive strategies to recover loans classified as non-
performing and those that have been written off. By doing so, the bank can improve its
overall asset quality and minimize potential losses.
Optimize the Funding Mix: Janata Bank aims to optimize its funding mix, with a focus
on reducing the cost of funds. This strategic objective involves exploring various sources
of funding, such as deposits, bonds, and interbank borrowings, to ensure a cost-effective
funding structure.
Incorporate Green Banking Practices: The bank seeks to incorporate green banking
practices into its operations. This involves adopting environmentally friendly policies
and initiatives to promote sustainability, reduce carbon footprints, and contribute to
environmental conservation.
Ensure Sustainability in the Business Strategy: Janata Bank ensuring sustainability
extends to its overall business strategy. This includes incorporating sustainable practices
and long-term planning into decision-making processes to secure the bank's viability and
success in the future.
Operate with Improved Risk Management: Janata Bank prioritizes the enhancement
of its risk management practices. This involves implementing more effective risk
assessment and mitigation strategies, ultimately reducing exposure to potential financial
and operational risks.
Maximize Efficiency by Reducing Operating Expenses: The final strategic objective
is to maximize efficiency by reducing operating expenses. Janata Bank aims to streamline
its operations, minimize unnecessary costs, and optimize resource allocation to improve
overall efficiency and profitability.

3.7 Organogram of JB PLC

Board of Directors: The Board of Directors serves as the highest governing authority in
a corporation. It plays a critical role in safeguarding the interests of shareholders. This
body is responsible for establishing policies that guide the management, making

Page | 16
significant decisions related to the company's operations, and overseeing major corporate
matters. The Chairman leads the board and presides over its meetings. The board often
forms committees, such as the Executive Committee, which has the authority to make
decisions on behalf of the full board, and the Audit Committee, which supervises the
financial reporting process.

Source: Janata Bank PLC Annual Report-2022

Managing Director & CEO: The Managing Director (MD) and Chief Executive Officer
(CEO) hold pivotal positions within the company. They are responsible for the day-to-
day management of the organization, making critical corporate decisions, and overseeing
the company's overall operations and resources. The MD & CEO report directly to the
Board of Directors, keeping them informed about the company's performance and
strategic direction.

Page | 17
General Manager: The General Manager (GM) is accountable for a specific business
unit or department within the organization. GMs oversee the operations within their area
of responsibility and collaborate with other GMs, as well as the MD & CEO, to ensure
that the company's objectives are met. They play a key role in executing the company's
strategy within their respective departments.
Chief Financial Officer: The Chief Financial Officer (CFO) is entrusted with managing
the company's finances. This includes financial planning, risk management, financial
record-keeping, and financial reporting. The CFO works closely with the MD & CEO to
engage in strategic financial planning and decision-making that aligns with the
company's objectives.
Chief Operating Officer: The Chief Operating Officer (COO) assumes the role of
overseeing the company's business operations. They are responsible for ensuring the
effective execution of strategies developed by top management and translating the
company's broader business strategy into day-to-day operational activities. The COO
plays a vital role in driving the company's operational efficiency and effectiveness.
Departments: Within the organization, various departments serve specific functions. For
instance, the Vigilance Department may focus on ensuring compliance with laws and
regulations, while the Public Relations Department manages communication between the
company and its stakeholders. The Human Resources Department is responsible for
overseeing employee-related services, such as recruitment, training, and personnel
management. Each department contributes to the company's overall functioning and
success by fulfilling its unique role.

3.8 Bank Operational Area

Janata Bank PLC has an extensive branch network
covering both domestic and international
territories, making it a major banking entity with
considerable reach.
Domestic Branches: Out of 923 branches, most
of them (919 brances) are spread across
Bangladesh. They are strategically located in both
urban and rural areas and serve a diverse customer
base.
i. Urban Branches: Most of the bank's 486
branches are located in urban areas. These
Source: Janata Bank PLC
branches serve the banking needs of city Annual Report-2022
residents, businesses and institutions.
Their urban location makes them ideally suited to serve a population with a
variety of financial needs, from personal banking to business transactions.

Page | 18
 ii. Rural Branches: Janata Bank Limited has 433 branches in rural areas. These
branches mainly serve the agricultural community, local businesses and residents
of the area. Their presence ensures the availability of banking services to those
living outside metropolitan areas, thus promoting financial inclusion.
Foreign (Overseas) Branches: JB PLC global footprint is evident with its 4 branches
situated overseas. All four foreign branches of Janata Bank are strategically located in
the UAE ( United Arab Emirates) , a global business hub. The UAE's vibrant economy,
large expatriate community, and strong trade ties with Bangladesh make it an ideal
location for Janata Bank Limited to extend its international operations. These branches
primarily cater to the banking needs of Bangladeshi expatriates in the UAE, offering
services like remittances, personal banking, and business banking.
Table: Admin Division Wise Summary of Janata Bank

Urban Rural Total

SL. Admin Division
Branch Branch Branch
1 Barishal 27 15 42
2 Chattogram 105 103 208
3 Dhaka 166 63 229
4 Khulna 58 56 114
5 Mymensingh 24 20 44
6 Rajshahi 53 96 149
7 Rangpur 30 44 74
8 Sylhet 23 36 59
9 UAE 4 - 4
Total 486 433 923
Source: (i) Janata Bank PLC Annual Report 2022; (ii) Janata Bank Troimashik
Bulletin June-2023

Page | 19
Chapter 04: General Banking Activities
4.1 Banking Landscape in Bangladesh and Janata Bank PLC’s
Contributions
Bangladesh boasts a diverse banking sector, featuring a mix of state-owned and private
commercial banks. Within this landscape, Janata Bank PLC holds a significant position
as the second-largest state-owned commercial bank. JB is dedicated to offering a
comprehensive range of banking services, with a strong emphasis on fostering socio-
economic development within the nation.
The bank's core offerings encompass short-term working capital loans and, to a limited
extent, long-term credit solutions. Additionally, JB extends support to micro-enterprises
and delivers special credit programs, with a particular focus on rural banking initiatives.
Under its corporate banking portfolio, Janata Bank PLC plays a pivotal role in trade
finance, consumer finance, project finance, and syndicate finance, facilitating the
financial activities of corporate entities.
On the other hand, Janata Bank caters to individual customers through its retail banking
services. This includes the provision of various deposit schemes and remittance facilities,
ensuring a wide array of banking solutions to meet the diverse needs of both corporate
and retail clients.

4.2 Major Banking Practices Arena of Janata Bank PLC

The major banking practice arena refers to the different areas or departments within a
bank where various banking activities are carried out. In the case of Janata, the major
banking practice arena is divided into four parts:

Major Banking Practices

Credit
General Banking Foreign Exchange Other Services
Management

Source: https://bn.wikipedia.org/wiki [Access on 22 Nov. 2023].

a) General Banking: General banking is the starting point of all banking operations and
is considered the busiest and most important department of a bank branch. It involves
day-to-day services provided to customers, such as opening new accounts, receiving
deposits, cash transactions, remittance services, and handling bills and clearing. The
different sections under general banking include Account Opening, Deposit, Cash,
Remittance, Bills and Clearing, Accounts, and Dispatch etc.
b) Credit Management: Credit management is another important aspect of banking
operations. It involves the evaluation, approval, and monitoring of credit facilities
provided to customers. This includes assessing the creditworthiness of borrowers,
analyzing loan applications, disbursing loans, and managing the repayment process.

Page | 21
Credit management plays a crucial role in ensuring the bank's profitability and
minimizing credit risks.
c) Foreign Exchange Operations: Foreign exchange operations refer to the activities
related to international trade and currency exchange. This includes facilitating foreign
currency transactions, issuing letters of credit, handling import and export documents,
and providing foreign exchange services to customers. Foreign exchange operations are
essential for businesses engaged in international trade and play a significant role in the
country's economy.
d) Others Service: Other Services refer to tasks performed on behalf of the customer for
their convenience, which are not the primary functions of the bank but are provided as
part of customer service. These services include handling the payment of bills such as
electricity bills, gas bills, fees, etc., on behalf of the customer within the bank's other
services.

4.3 General Banking

The General Banking Department serves as the central hub for a wide array of banking
operations. It represents the most bustling and vital department within a branch, as it
manages multiple critical functions. These include the mobilization of funds, executing
cash transactions, overseeing clearing and remittance activities, and handling various
accounting tasks.
General Banking is a comprehensive domain that encompasses the administration of
deposits, cash management, bill processing, and operating the clearinghouse.
Additionally, it encompasses responsibilities such as account opening, the management
of security instruments, delivering customer services, providing locker facilities, and
various supplementary services offered by the bank. It's important to note that these
services are in addition to the bank's Advance and Foreign Trade functions. The following
departments are under general banking section:

General
Banking

A/C Bills and

Deposit Cash Remittance Account Dispatch
Opening Clearing

Others
Inland Foreign
Financial

Source: Faysal, A. (2018). General Banking of Janata Bank Limited.

Page | 22
4.3.1 Account Opening Section
A bank account, whether tailored for individuals or businesses, is a financial account
provided by a bank or financial institution. Its primary function is depositing money,
enabling fund withdrawals, and facilitating a wide range of financial transactions. Bank
accounts offer a secure and user-friendly approach to overseeing finances,
accommodating tasks like receiving payments, making transactions, and setting funds
aside for future endeavors. There exists a diversity of bank account options, each with
unique attributes and benefits, including savings accounts, current account, investment
account and many more.

4.3.2 Deposit Section

The concept of depositing money signifies the act of safeguarding one's financial
resources. In the aftermath of expenditures, individuals are inclined to set aside a portion
of their income, looking ahead to an uncertain future. To fulfill this financial prudence,
people opt to entrust their savings to the safekeeping of banks. Conversely, banks,
functioning as service-oriented entities, facilitate the process by providing individuals
with the means to deposit their money for future needs.
The primary objective of these financial institutions, namely banks, is to effectively
aggregate these funds and transform them into profit-generating assets. One of the key
strategies they employ involves extending loans to eligible recipients. These borrowers
utilize these funds for various investment endeavors, ultimately returning a portion of the
profits in the form of interest to the bank, thus contributing to the bank's profitability.
However, JB provides 4 types of deposit service (Current deposit, Savings deposit,
STD, FDR).

Deposit Section
Demand Deposit Time Deposit
Current Deposit Savings Deposit STD FDR

Source: https://www.jb.com.bd/products [Access on 22 Nov. 2023].

Current Deposit
Account stands as one of the most pivotal account types for banks. This account category
caters primarily to the needs of business individuals who engage in daily financial
transactions for their business operations. It is the preferred choice for those who require
frequent and secure financial dealings throughout the day. The distinguishing feature of
the Current Deposit Account is its non-interest-bearing nature, as there are no returns
or interest payments associated with this account type. The absence of interest is
attributed to the account's flexibility, enabling account holders to withdraw and deposit
funds at their discretion, without any time restrictions.
The opening of a Current Deposit Account is subject to specific guidelines and
regulations that are set forth by the BB (Bangladesh Bank), the country's central bank.

Page | 23
Janata Bank diligently adheres to these
regulatory provisions to establish and Personal
maintain such accounts. The Current
Deposit Account category encompasses
Sole
various subtypes, tailored to accommodate Proprietorship
the diverse financial needs of account
holders. These subtypes include: Current
Partnership
Deposit
Personal Current Deposit: This subtype is
designed for individual account holders. It
is ideal for personal financial management, LLC
enabling individuals to conduct everyday
financial transactions efficiently. It offers
flexibility and ease of access for account Association
holders to manage their finances
conveniently. Source: Janata Bank PLC A/C Opening
Form
Sole Proprietorship Current Deposit:
Tailored for sole proprietors, this account type is intended to meet the specific financial
needs of businesses owned and operated by a single individual. It allows for seamless
tracking of business transactions, making it convenient to manage cash flow, receive
payments, and handle day-to-day financial matters.
Partnership Current Deposit: Businesses operating as partnerships can benefit from
this subtype. It is designed to accommodate the financial operations of partnerships,
where multiple individuals or entities collectively manage a business. This account
facilitates the tracking of shared finances, simplifying financial management within the
partnership.
Limited Liability Company Current Deposit: Limited Liability Companies (LLCs)
can utilize this account type to efficiently manage their financial affairs. LLCs, which
offer personal liability protection to their members, can take advantage of this account to
handle their unique financial transactions, ensuring a clear distinction between personal
and business finances.
Association Current Deposit: Designed for entities such as associations, trusts, and
societies, this subtype caters to the specific financial needs of non-profit organizations
and groups. It provides the necessary tools to manage funds, track expenses, and handle
financial activities relevant to these entities' objectives.
Savings Deposit
A savings account distinguishes itself from a current account in several key aspects. In a
savings account, the bank extends an interest rate, currently set at 3.75% (as per the latest
circular regarding variable interest rates), to its clients as an incentive for maintaining

Page | 24
deposits within this account type. This financial arrangement, however, comes with
specific guidelines regarding the withdrawal of funds.
Unlike a current account, where clients have the flexibility to withdraw funds at their
convenience, savings accounts impose certain restrictions on the frequency of
withdrawals. Clients are required to adhere to these constraints, which limit the number
of withdrawals permitted within a given week. This limitation ensures that the savings
account primarily serves as a means for individuals to accumulate and secure their funds,
both as a measure of convenience and for the potential to earn interest.
STD and FDR
STD deposits are a type of savings account that invests funds for a specific term at a fixed
interest rate. Interest is calculated daily and paid at maturity (for terms up to 12 months),
or monthly, quarterly, half-yearly or annually (for terms over 12 months). On the other
hand, more than 1 year investment called FDR which is Long Term Deposit. Janata Bank
PLC provides 7% interest for STD and FDR.
Special Deposit
In addition to regular deposits, Janata Bank offers two special schemes that provide
special services to specific types of customers. Those are: a) SND and b) Scheme Deposit
(Monthly Savings Deposit).

Special
Deposit

Special
Scheme
Notice
Deposit
Deposit

NRPS JMDS JDS JHDS JBWWSP

Source: https://www.jb.com.bd/products/scheme_deposit [Access on 22 Nov. 2023].

Information about Janata Bank's special schemes is displayed through the table:

Account Tenure 05 (five) years

Monthly Installment
NRPS 3000, 5000, 10000, 15000, 20000 TK.
Amounts
Interest Rate 8.5% per annum at a fixed interest rate
Account Tenure 1 to 20 years
Monthly Installment The installment amount will be determined based
JHDS
Amounts on the duration of the tenure
Interest Rate Completely interest-free
JDS Account Tenure 05 (five) years

Page | 25
 Monthly Installment 1000, 2000, 5000, 10000, 15000, 20000, and
Amounts 25000 TK.
Interest Rate Annual 6% compounded interest rate
Account Tenure 05 (five) years and 10 (ten) years
JBWWSP Monthly Installment 1,000, 1500, 2000, 2500, 3000, 5000, 100000,
Amounts 15000, 20000, and 25000 TK.
Interest Rate 6.00%
Account Tenure 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, and 15 years
JMDS Monthly Installment 25370, 18470, 14350, 11610, 9660, 8200, 7070,
Amounts 6180, 4840, 3530
Interest Rate 6% (compounded)
Source: https://www.jb.com.bd/products/scheme_deposit [Access on 22 Nov. 2023].
4.3.3 Cash Section
The cash section within a bank is an integral component of its operations, playing a
pivotal role in facilitating various financial activities. Its functions are intrinsically tied
to the bank's clientele, and it oversees a spectrum of tasks, ensuring seamless customer
interactions. The following key responsibilities are managed by the cash section:
i. Deposits and Withdrawals: One of the fundamental roles of the cash section is
to handle customer transactions involving the deposit and withdrawal of money.
Customers frequently utilize this section to securely deposit their funds or
withdraw cash as per their requirements.
ii. Financial Instruments: Beyond handling currency, the cash section is equipped
to manage various financial instruments. Customers can conveniently access
services related to items such as prize bonds, further enhancing the array of
financial solutions available at the bank.
iii. Utility Bill Payments: The cash section serves as a convenient hub for customers
to settle their utility bills. This simplifies the bill payment process, allowing
clients to address their financial obligations efficiently.
iv. Remittance Processing: The cash section efficiently processes cash payments
associated with various types of remittances, such as pay orders and demand
drafts. This integral function ensures that customers' remittance-related financial
transactions are executed seamlessly.
4.3.4 Remittance
The process of transferring funds from one location to another through established
banking channels is termed remittance. Remittances represent a pivotal financial service
provided by commercial banks, holding significant importance in the realm of financial
transactions. This crucial financial function leverages several key instruments to
effectively facilitate the transfer of funds, ensuring the secure movement of capital. The
main instruments used for remittance funds of Janata Bank PLC are:

Page | 26
 Remittance
Inland Foreign Other
Foreign
Foreign Collection
Online Speedy Maintaing Foreign Currency
DD TT MT JBRPS JBPCS
Remittance NRT Account
Foreign MT
Remittance
Demand Draft,
Endorsement
PO PS SDR
Draft Cheque, TC
s

Source: Janata Bank PLC Annual Report-2022

4.3.5 Bills and Clearing
Clearing stands as the pivotal procedure for the systematic collection of financial
instruments from various banks by a designated collecting bank. This process is executed
under specific guidelines involving the Central Bank to ensure an organized and secure
transaction. The primary function of a Clearing Department revolves around the
accumulation of cheques, Pay Orders (P.O), and Demand Drafts (DD) received from
other banks on behalf of the collecting bank's customers. The procedures for clearing are
as follows:
i. Crossing of the Cheque: The first step involves marking the cheque with crossing
details, signifying its non-negotiable status.
ii. Computer Posting of the Cheque: The cheque is digitally recorded within the
bank's computer system for tracking and processing.
iii. Clearing Seal & Proper Endorsement: The cheque is stamped with the clearing
seal and properly endorsed to validate the transaction.
iv. Separation of Cheque from Deposit Slip: The cheque is detached from the
accompanying deposit slip.
v. Sorting of Cheque: Cheques are initially sorted bank-wise and subsequently
branch-wise for efficient processing.
vi. Computer Printing: Printing is performed based on branch and bank categories
for record-keeping.
vii. Preparation of Clearing House Validation Sheet: A computer-generated
validation sheet is prepared to summarize the transaction.
viii. Examination: The validation sheet is thoroughly examined in conjunction with
the deposit slip to ensure accuracy in computer posting.
ix. Backup in Digital Format: A copy of the computer posting is stored on a floppy
disk for data retention.
x. Dispatch: The processed transactions are sent to the local office, thereby
completing the clearing process.

4.3.6 Account Section

The accounts department plays a vital role within the general banking. Given the
numerous transactions occurring daily within a bank, it assumes the crucial responsibility
of meticulously recording these financial activities. In the event of any inaccuracies,
errors, or discrepancies, the accounts section is entrusted with the task of scrutinizing
these occurrences and taking the necessary corrective measures.

Page | 27
The primary objective of the accounts department is to identify and rectify any
discrepancies that may arise in the process of validating vouchers, addressing erroneous
entries, and detecting instances of fraud or forgery. In cases where such inconsistencies
or irregularities come to light during the examination, the department promptly reports
these issues to the relevant authorities or departments for appropriate action and
resolution. This diligent oversight by the accounts department ensures the accuracy and
integrity of all recorded transactions, thereby upholding the bank's commitment to
financial transparency and accountability.

4.3.7 Dispatch Section

The Dispatch Section holds a pivotal role in ensuring that documents, whether inbound
or outbound, are efficiently managed within the branch. Its key functions encompass the
following:
i. Document Record Keeping: The Dispatch Section maintains meticulous records
of all documents dispatched to other branches or external banks. This record-
keeping process is essential for tracking the movement of documents and ensuring
their secure delivery.
ii. Letter Dispatch: The section is responsible for dispatching letters to their
intended recipients or destinations. This includes sending official correspondence,
notices, or other forms of communication to the appropriate parties.
iii. Safe and Accurate Dispatch: Ensuring the safe and accurate dispatch of
documents is a core responsibility. Documents must be sent securely and
accurately to the designated recipients, banks, or branches, adhering to established
protocols and timelines.
iv. Receiving Incoming Documents: The Dispatch Section is also tasked with
receiving documents that arrive through various channels, including postal
services, courier services, or messengers. Upon receipt, these documents are
processed and directed to the relevant departments or personnel within the branch.

4.4 Credit Management

A policy represents a planned set of actions. Janata Bank PLC has formulated its own
credit-granting policy. While granting credit, judgment is paramount and relies on
applying common sense informed by experience. A robust credit policy encompasses
various factors, including ensuring the safety of invested funds in comparison to the
bank's profitability. Prioritizing a diverse range of small loans is favored over focusing
on a specific type of advances, as it ensures ample liquidity and minimizes the risk of
bad debts. Janata Bank provide severer loan facilities which are presented in table:

Categories Products and Services

Term Loan Industrial Credit (IC)

Page | 28
 Housing Building Loan (General &
Commercial)
Agro based Industry/Project Loan
Shipyard loan
Loan for Overseas Employment
Consumer Credit
Service Sector Loan
Small and Medium Enterprise
Trading Sector Loan
Loan
Manufacturing Sector Loan
Cash Credit (Hypo)
Cash Credit (Pledge)
Continuous Loan
Export Cash Credit
Secured Overdraft (SOD)
Crop Loan
Fishery Loan
Animal Husbandry Loan
Rural & Agro Credit
Agricultural Machineries Loan
Rural Transport Loan
Flower cultivation
Supervised Credit Program
Small Farmers & Landless Laborers
Poverty Alleviation Program
Self-employment Scheme
Ghoroa Prokalpa/Family Based Micro Credit
Cyber Cafe
Service holders Loan
Doctor's Loan Scheme
Special Credit Program for Women
Specialized Loan Program Entrepreneurs
Janata Care-Health Service Loan (JCHSL)
Education Loan
Mujib Borsho Sarok Rin
Janata Bank Shikkha Rin
Dairy/Poultry/Fish Culture
Loan for Handicrafts/Disabled People
Micro & Cottage industries loan NGO linkage loan
Weavers’ Credit
Swanirvar Loan
Source: Janata Bank PLC Annual Report-2022
Nevertheless, to be eligible for a bank loan, the customer must meet certain criteria and
adhere to specific terms. If a bank employee deems a customer eligible for a loan, the

Page | 29
customer can obtain a bank loan by agreeing to the predetermined interest rate set by the
bank.

4.5 Foreign Exchange

One of the most important businesses carried out by the commercial bank is foreign
trading. General focusing states that, the trade among various countries falls for close
link between the parties dealing in trade. The situation calls for expertise in the field of
foreign operations. The bank is referred to as renting international banking operation
which provides such services. Transactions with overseas countries in respect of export,
import and foreign remittance dealings are under the preview of the foreign exchange
department. International trade demands a flow of goods from seller to buyer and of
payment from buyer to seller. In this case the bank forms a bridge between the buyer and
seller. This department handles various types of activities which are presented in a table:

Categories Products and Services

Loan Against Imported Merchandise (LIM)
Inland Bill Purchase (IBP)
Loan Against Trust Receipt (LTR)
Import & Export Payment Against Document (PAD)
Finance Packing Credit (PC)
Local/Foreign Bills Purchased (FBP)
Loan Against Export Development Fund (EDF)
Advance Against Cash Incentive (Subsidy, Assistance)
Letter of Credit - at Sight
Letter of Credit Letter of Credit – Usance
Back-to-Back L/C
Advance Payment Guarantee
Bid Bond
Letter of Guarantee
Performance Guarantee
Shipping Guarantee
Source: Janata Bank PLC Annual Report-2022
4.6 Other Services
Other services provided by Janata Bank PLC are presented in a table:

Categories Products and Services

Gas Bills Collection
Electricity Bills Collection
Utility Services Water/Sewerage Bills Collection
Municipal Holding Tax Collection
Port Bill Collection

Page | 30
 Cash withdrawal
Balance inquiry
Mini statement of accounts
ATM Service
Point of Sale (POS)
Mobile recharge
Tax payment
Payment of Non- Govt. Teachers’ Salaries
Payment of Primary and Secondary
Payment of Army Pension/Civil Pension
Payment of Widows, Divorcees, and Destitute Women
Welfare Service Allowances
Destitute Women Allowances
Payment of Old age/Disabled Allowances
Food procurement bills
Payment of Sanchayapatra
Sale of Prize Bond
Sale of Wage Earner Bond (WEB)
Service to the Sale of Sanchay Patra (SP)
Government VAT collection & Deposited to Govt. Exchequer
Tax collection & Deposited to Govt. Exchequer
Excise duty collection & Deposited to Govt. Exchequer
Locker Service
SMS banking
Foreign Currency Buying and Selling
Other Service
Bangladesh Electronic Fund Transfer Network (BEFTN)
Bangladesh Automated Clearing House (BACH)
Debit Card Service
Help/Information Desk
Customer Care Inquiry Desk
Counseling
Speedy Remittance Cell
Western Union
IME
Internet Based
X-Press Money
Foreign Remittance
NBL Quick-Pay
Cash Payment
Trans Fast Remtt.
Services
Ria Financial service
Marchentrade
CBL Money Transfer
Source: Janata Bank PLC Annual Report-2022

Page | 31
Chapter 05: Internship Experience
5.1 Experience of Internship
In the role of a new intern, the primary responsibilities entail engaging in various routine
tasks within the bank. Throughout the internship, I gained valuable insights into how to
open a bank account. I also learn how banks keep recording daily transection voucher
and how to post them into a Ledger book. I worked as a helping hand to other employees
in the bank. In the bank, my supervisor was Moshfeka Begum (Senior Officer). She
gave me numerous jobs each day, which I have to perform.

5.2 Duration
Due to my internship, I joined Janata Bank PLC, Shyamoli Corporate Branch as an
Intern. The internship program lasted a minimum of 45 days from 10th October 2023.

5.3 Bank Account Opening Section

A bank account, whether tailored for individuals or businesses, is a financial account
provided by a bank or financial institution. Its primary functions involve depositing
money, enabling fund withdrawals, and facilitating a wide range of financial transactions.
Bank accounts offer a secure and user-friendly approach to overseeing finances,
accommodating tasks like receiving payments, making transactions, and setting funds
aside for future endeavors. There exists a diversity of bank account options, each with
unique attributes and benefits, including savings accounts, current account, investment
account and many more. In a general sense, I have divided the bank accounts into two
main categories: a) Personal account and b) non-personal account.

Types of
Bank A/C

Non-Personal
Personal A/C
A/C

Source: https://www.jb.com.bd/services/aof [Access on 21 Nov. 2023].

Personal Account: A personal account refers to a type of bank account intended for
individual use, mainly for personal financial transactions. Its primary purpose is to
manage personal finances, handle payments, and receive deposits. Personal accounts are
typically utilized by individuals to meet their everyday banking needs.
Non-Personal Account: A non-personal account, also referred to as a business or
corporate account, is intended for entities other than individuals. These accounts are
specifically tailored to meet the financial requirements of businesses, organizations, or
institutions. It may be resident or non-resident account.

Page | 33
5.3.1 Prerequisites for Opening Bank Account
Bank accounts are broadly classified into two main categories, namely individual and
non-individual accounts. Regardless of whether it's an individual or non-individual bank
account, certain prerequisites are mandatory for opening a bank account. If the bank
account's eligibility criteria are not met, the customer (individual or entity) cannot open
a bank account. To open a bank account in the Janata Bank PLC, the customer must fulfill
the following conditions without exception:
5.3.1.1 Prerequisites for Opening Personal Bank Account
To open a personal bank account, two Intellectual
prerequisites are necessary: a) eligibility for the
Capability

account holder themselves and b) eligibility Eligibility for A/C

Age Requirement

for the customer's nominee. Having these two

Prerequisites for Bank A/C

Holder
Image
requirements is mandatory for opening a bank
Citizenship
account. Outlined here are the essential Certificate

prerequisites for initiating the process of opening Intellectual

Capability
a bank account.
Age Requirement
Account Holder
Eligibility for
Nominee
Image
i. Intellectual capability: Account Holder
Citizenship
must be sound minded for controlling the Certificate

bank account. Source: https://slideshare.net

ii. Age Requirement: The customer must [Access on 22 Nov. 2023].
be at least 18 years old. If the customer
does not meet the minimum age criteria, in that case, there should be a parent or
guardian who will manage the account on behalf of the customer.
iii. Image: 2 copies of the customer's passport-sized verified photographs.
iv. Citizenship certificate: A photocopy of the NID card or Passport.
Nominations
i. Intellectual capability: Account’s nominees must be sound minded.
ii. Age Requirement: Age requirement for nominees is not mandatory. Nominee
may be underage. However, if the bank's regulations allow the nominee to have
account management rights, and if the nominee is a minor at that time, in that
case, another bank customer will manage the account.
iii. Image: 1 copy of the nominee’s passport-sized verified photographs.
iv. Citizenship certificate: A photocopy of the NID card or passport. If nominee is
underage, need. However, if the nominee is a minor, in that case, the nominee's
birth registration certificate must be provided.
5.3.1.2 Prerequisites for Opening Non-Personal Bank Account
To open a non-personal bank account, following prerequisites are essential:

Page | 34
 i. Intellectual capability: Account Holder(s) must be sound minded for controlling
the bank account.
ii. Intellectual capability: Account Holder(s) must be sound minded for controlling
the bank account.
iii. Age Requirement: For non-personal bank accounts, account holder(s) must be at
least 18 years old.
iv. Image: 1 copy of every customer's passport-sized verified photographs.
v. Citizenship certificate: A photocopy of the NID card or Passport.
vi. License: Majorly, non-personal account for commercial purposes only. For
opening non-personal bank accounts, every account holder must have license.
This license may be trade license or any other type of valid license which
represents the validity of legal business.
vii. Tax Identification Number: TIN is necessary if the amount of transactions is
respecting the minimum requirement of mandatory of TIN.

5.4 Opening a Bank Account

After fulfillment of prerequisites for opening a bank, eligible(s) can open a bank account.
When a person wants to open an account in a Bank, needs to communicate with the
responsible officer. For opening an account, a person or company must fill up a bank
account opening form and needs to present the following things:
5.4.1 Personal A/C
Janata Bank PLC requires customers to complete four types of forms for opening a
personal account. These four forms are to be attached together and filled out by the
customer. However, if a customer is unable to complete the forms for any reason (due to
illiteracy or other valid reasons), special arrangements are made for form completion.
The three types of forms that are filled out are as follows: a) Individual Account form, b)
KYC Profile Form (Annexure-KA), c) Possible Transaction Limits (Annexure-KHA)
form.
a) Individual Account Form
In this section of the form, personal information must be provided, which is considered
confidential. The customer is required to provide all this information when opening a
bank account. Below is the detailed information provided in this section of the form:
1. [First Part: Account Related Information]
In this section, the customer must provide information regarding their name (in
both Bengali and English), the type of account (Savings/Current/FC/Other), the
currency of the account (Taka/Dollar/Other), the method of account operation
(Single/Joint/Other), and the initial deposit amount (in numbers and words). To
open an account with Janata Bank PLC, a minimum of 500/= Taka is required.

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2. [Second Part: Personal Information]
In the section regarding personal information, the account holder must provide
the following sensitive information: name (in both Bengali and English), date of
birth, father, and mother's names (in both Bengali and English), and, if applicable,
the spouse's name. In addition to these, the customer is required to provide all
kinds of confidential information, such as their profession, income amount and
source, address (current and permanent), and the number of identification
documents (NID/Passport/Birth registration/other). If the customer has a TIN
number, they are also obligated to provide it.
3. [Third Part: Nominee Related Information]
If for any reason, the customer becomes incapable of operating the account (due
to death, incapacity, or other reasons), in such a case, the customer's nominee can
operate the bank account. However, if the nominee is a minor, they cannot operate
the nominee bank account until they reach the age of 18. To provide a nominee at
Janata Bank PLC, the customer needs to provide the nominee's name, date of

Figure 5.2: part a) Individual Account Form

birth, their relationship with the account holder, and an identification document
(NID copy and number). If there is no NID, then a copy and number of the
nominee's passport or birth certificate, or any other valid identification document,
must be provided.
4. [Declaration and Signature]
Another crucial part of the Individual Account Form is the declaration and
signature. This section of the form is highly sensitive because it requires the
customer's signature to verify any information update, change in the type of
service, cash withdrawal, or bank branch transfer. If the bank staff cannot be

Page | 36
 satisfied with the customer's signature during verification, in such a case, the
customer won't be able to avail themselves of bank services.
To complete this section, the customer needs to provide three (3) signatures (out
of a total of five) for verification. The upper section (name, signature, and date)
and the Specimen Signature Card section require two signatures (with the name)
each. Additionally, the customer provides their mobile number, account type,
account operation method details, and own image. In the Specimen Signature
Card section, the bank staff carefully affixes two to three seals or stamps in the
signature portion to ensure that no changes can be made to the signature section.
In the final section of this form (page 4), there are general guidelines provided regarding
the account opening form and KYC profile. For example, it mentions that each page of
the form should bear the respective officer's signature or countersignature, and it
emphasizes the importance of filling in each section of the form (with mention if the
information is not available), among other related instructions.
b) KYC Profile Form (Annexure - KA)
In the KYC Profile Form, various necessary information, such as the account holder's
name, the type of account, the purpose of the account, the customer's profession, the
customer's estimated monthly income, and different types of required information, must
be provided in this form. Additionally, it is necessary to provide information on how the
account holder's addresses have been verified.

Figure 5.3: KYC Profile Form (Annexure - KA)

c) Possible Transaction Limits Form (Annexure - KHA)
In this section of the form, information is collected about the maximum amount the
customer can transact and the risk associated with the bank account based on the
customer's profession and transaction volume. Risk is assessed considering risk ratings,
with consideration given to high-risk and lower-risk ratings below 15. Pages 3 and 4 of
this form require the customer to provide their name, profession, account type, and

Page | 37
nationality. On the last page, the customer must sign with the understanding that all
information provided is accurate, any changes must be reported to the bank within 30
days, and the customer will abide by the rules and regulations of the bank.

Figure 5.4: Possible Transaction Limits Form (Annexure - KHA)

When a customer submits their sensitive information on the form for opening a bank
account, the responsible bank officer examines it with diligence. The officer accesses a
secure server for verification and saves a copy. Once the responsible officer is satisfied
with the verification, they sign on the designated spot with the bank seal (Assistant Senior
Officer). Subsequently, another officer of the bank (Senior Officer) securely stores the
information in Janata Bank PLC's designated server, signing on the bank seal, and, above
that, adding their own signature. For the final verification, the information is presented
to the Senior Principal Officer, who, upon signing, provides authentication to the bank's
designated server. This process grants the customer a unique account number and a
unique identifier, which the bank officer records at specific locations on the customer's
form.
After the customer receives their bank account number, they are provided with a deposit
book. The customer is required to deposit an initial amount into the account (usually
500/= Taka in general cases and 100/= Taka in the case of school banking). In the account
section, the customer's mobile number is recorded on the back of the deposit book slip,

Page | 38
and the responsible officer, following the bank's regulations, deposits the initial funds
into the bank account.

Figure 5.5: Bank Deposit Slip

After depositing funds into the bank account, the authorized officer provides the
customer with a slip, and a designated location on the deposit book is stored securely at
the bank. The customer is then given back their deposit book. In this way, a customer
becomes an account holder, and they can manage their account following the bank's
regulations. However, to withdraw money, one must wait for the specified day to provide
a checkbook or a bank debit card, which is communicated through SMS.

5.5 Transfer Daily Transactions Voucher to the Ledger Book

In my internship, I have gained knowledge about how daily operational vouchers in a
bank are stored and recorded in ledger books. Typically, audit professionals provide
vouchers as evidence, which is why banks maintain records of daily transaction vouchers.
Currently (as of October 31, 2023), the process of including voucher transactions in the
ledger has been automated, enhancing efficiency and saving time in the workflow.
5.5.1 Before Automated System
In the manual process, the daily transaction vouchers were stitched and submitted to the
office's senior officer. The senior officer would then review and mark the classification
in the ledger book. After completing the drafting process, the senior officer would record
the classification in the ledger book as per the classification of the account. The numbers
of debit and credit vouchers along with their total sum were recorded on the voucher's
supplementary cover. Finally, the senior officer would sign in the designated space on
the supplementary cover and pass it on to the higher-ranking officer for further
processing.

5.5.2 After Automated System

After the implementation of the automated system, it is no longer necessary to manually
determine the classification of accounts. The details of the account, including the
classification, debit-credit numbers, and the total number of vouchers, are automatically

Page | 39
recorded on paper. From this recorded information, the debit-credit numbers are directly
entered into the ledger book according to the classification of the account. As a result,
there is an increase in efficiency and a saving of time in the workflow.

5.6 Lessons from the Internship

Benefits of Networking: Throughout my internship, I acquired the skills of effective
communication and relationship-building with colleagues and clients. Initiating
conversations about my interests, knowledge, and abilities allowed me to expand and
strengthen my professional network, highlighting the significance of these connections.
Understanding Workplace Culture: I discovered that each company has its unique
culture, emphasizing the importance of observing and adapting to how individuals
interact within the organization. Asking for clarification when needed became evident as
a crucial practice in navigating workplace dynamics.
Importance of Being Resourceful: My internship taught me the value of continuous
learning and approaching challenges from various perspectives. This adaptability and
resourcefulness proved pivotal in delivering the desired results for my employers.
Time Management Skills: During this period a person can learn time management
because employees cannot enter the office at any time. They must be starting their office
accurate time. I entered the office as per their rules and regulations. It helps me to know
how to maintain time management in practical situations in real time.
Confidence Building: The internship significantly enhanced my confidence levels,
bridging the gap between theoretical knowledge and practical skills. This newfound
confidence is a crucial asset for professional growth.
Skill Level Improvement: One person in the internship period must improve their skill
level. In university I read many things in book but now practically use it and getting
feedback. So, internship is very important in my career I can say that.

5.7 My Opinion
There were different types of responsibilities that were carried by me in the general
banking division of Shyamoli Corporate Branch. I was new in this type of work
environment, and I basically did not have any experience either. As a result, I was a little
bit afraid at first but after a few days I became comfortable with my work, and I did
specific work like account opening and entry voucher transection number in the ledger
book. When I started my work, I did not understand how I spent my days in the blink of
an eye because the department I worked at was the busiest department of a bank. During
my internship period, I noticed some good things, bad things and challenges as a
newcomer in the workplace environment. Some of them I have given below:
i. Most of the officers are cooperative with me. Their behavior and attitude are very
well which are beyond my thoughts.

Page | 40
 ii. The Shyamoli Corporate Branch lacks adequate space to allocate a dedicated area
for internship employees. Consequently, I did not have access to a designated
table or workspace where I could consistently and comfortably carry out my work.
This less-than-ideal situation presented additional challenges for successfully
completing my internship period.
iii. Janata Bank PLC’s Shyamoli Corporate Branch doesn’t have enough place to sit
internship employees in distinct places. I don’t get a perfect table or place where
I can sit regularly to complete my work comfortably. This is an uncomfortable
situation which makes me more challenges. But this branch is very clean as I
expected because most of the government banks are not properly clean and
hygienic.
iv. I did not get much time to learn because my internship period is only 2 months
which is not enough to learn all the things professionally.
v. As per my observations, employees’ behavior and attitude are good with
customers.

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Chapter 06: Findings, Conclusion and
Recommendation
6.1 Problem Findings
Undoubtedly, Janata Bank is one of the most secure, reliable, and second-largest
government commercial banks in Bangladesh. However, during my internship, I
observed some issues that impact the bank's workplace. I would like to present the types
of problems that I have identified during my internship:
Absence of Department Names: Janata Bank has various departments, each handling
different types of tasks. When a new individual (customer or information seeker) enters
the bank, they often face challenges because they may not find or understand the location
of the department they are looking for.
Desk Number Absence: In banks, certain tasks are interconnected with others, often
requiring employees to move between different departments based on the nature of the
work. Due to the absence of department names and desk numbers, bank employees need
guidance on which desk in which department they should visit. This lack of information
is a regular occurrence in banks, leading to disruptions in the workflow for bank
employees and a loss of efficiency in their work.
Traditional System: Havily rely on traditional systems, especially in general banking
department.
Lack of Use of Utilization Technology: The current era is the era of information and
technology. Thanks to the modern infrastructure of technology, banks can easily handle
complex financial transactions, which is revolutionizing the banking sector. However,
Janata Bank PLC has not fully embraced modern banking practices yet. As a result, the
full potential of modern banking infrastructure may not be realized.
Low Compensation: There is no doubt that, in comparison to other private banks in
Bangladesh, government banks like Janata Bank PLC offer much lower compensation to
their employees. As a result, it can have a significant impact on the mental well-being of
bank employees.
Lengthy Process: Most official tasks at Janata Bank proceed at a slow pace. During my
internship, I observed that many steps need to be followed for the completion of each
task, requiring a considerable amount of time. For example, the lengthy process of issuing
cheque books, pay order etc.
Inadequate Skill Manpower: Janata Bank faces inadequate skill manpower because of
their lack of proper training arrangement of employee. Most of the recruited employees
learn their job duties and responsibility by observing their senior employees.
Too Much Information: The newly prescribed account opening form is very
informative. It takes about 15 minutes to properly for just fill in the form. When many
people come at the same time to account opening purpose, it is very difficult for the
relevant officer to provide satisfied service to the client. During my internship I noticed
that most of the customers are illiterate or not willing to fill up bank account opening
forms on their own. So that, the bank officer fills up a/c opening form on behalf of the
customer.

Page | 43
Backdated Website: The website of Janata Bank PLC does not contain all the required
information. Janata Bank’s official website is not well designed. It’s difficult to find out
the information from the official website.
Absence of Modern Banking: Janata Bank, in comparison to other banks, has embraced
modernization or modern banking practices relatively late. As a result, while all
customers are interested in receiving modern banking services, Janata Bank has lost a
portion of the vast customer base to those banks that provide modern banking services.
Even though Janata Bank PLC has entered the realm of modern banking, it is unparalleled
compared to other modern private banks.
Inadequate ATM Booth Facilities: The number of ATMs provided by Janata Bank is
quite limited, causing inconvenience for customers in cash withdrawals. Although Janata
Bank offers international banking ATM cards (VISA & Master), enabling customers to
withdraw money from other banks' ATMs, some banks require additional fees for this
service, discouraging a specific number of customers from opting for it.
Misconception: Especially, the misconception among the youth persists because a
specific number of young individuals believe that this bank still operates in an old-
fashioned manner, lacking the opportunities provided by modern banking systems.
Absence of Marketing Strategy: The type of marketing strategy that Janata Bank needs
is not being adopted or applied. Despite introducing new services, Janata Bank is not
implementing sufficient marketing strategies, which may result in a lack of awareness
among potential customers about the new banking services. Consequently, Janata Bank
PLC is falling behind its competitors.
Large-Scale Loan Default: According to the latest information from Bangladesh Bank,
the total amount of default loans until June 2023 is one lakh fifty-six thousand thirty-nine
crore taka, which is 10.11% of the total distributed loans. The total distributed loan
amount in the bank accounts has reached fifteen lakh forty-two thousand six hundred
fifty-five crore taka until June 2023. According to the latest accounts, the amount of
default loans has increased by twenty-four thousand nineteen crore takas during the
period of July to September, which is an increase of two hundred sixty-five crore forty-
two lakh taka per day. Janata Bank PLC, the second-largest government bank in
Bangladesh, has a default loan amount of 28,541 crore taka, accounting for 32.64%
in percentage. Due to the significant amount of default loans, Janata Bank's managerial
efficiency has decreased, posing a hindrance to the bank's progress.

6.2 Conclusion
Janata Bank is the second-largest government bank in Bangladesh. Being a government
bank, Janata Bank faces various challenges. Although it has embraced modern banking
services and is making progress, it still lags other modern banks, especially private banks.
However, what sets Janata Bank apart is the trust and confidence of the people of
Bangladesh. Since the country's independence, Janata Bank PLC has been serving, and
being a government bank, it is considered safer by the public as there is less chance of

Page | 44
exploitation of customers. Nevertheless, due to inadequate and timely decisions, the bank
has lost many customers, especially those inclined towards modern banking services. If
Janata Bank PLC can make appropriate and timely decisions and implement them
effectively, it can quickly catch up with other banks, fostering healthy competition in
service provision. This, in turn, will benefit both the nation and its citizens.

6.3 Recommendation
For the resolution of Janata Bank PLC's issues, I recommend the following subjects:
Mention the Bank’s Department: If the names of the bank departments are clearly
mentioned in both Bengali and English, customers can easily identify the service they
are seeking. This eliminates the need for customers to inquire with officers, ensuring
smooth workflow for bank employees and enhancing overall efficiency.
Mention the Desk Number with Officers Name: Due to some tasks being
interconnected in the bank, it becomes necessary to move from one desk to another. If
the desk number and the names of the relevant officers are mentioned on the desk, there
is no need to signal the officer verbally or use gestures to go to a particular desk. This
prevents clashes among bank officers and enables customers to easily understand where
to go for banking services. As a result, there will be increased efficiency at work and
better communication between bank customers and staff.
Eliminate Traditional Banking System & Use Modern Banking Technology:
Although Janata Bank has entered the realm of modern banking services, it is not fully
utilizing them. If the relevant staff members are provided with specialized training to
ensure the certainty of modern banking services, it will be possible to make effective use
of modern technology in this regard.
Ensure Employees Satisfaction: The bank's management is tasked with consistently
acknowledging its employees through timely recognition. Implementing a brief
probationary period and ensuring prompt promotions serves as a motivating factor for
employees, encouraging optimal performance in their daily tasks. But the most important
thing is the overall motivational activities should be proceeding under fair judgment
based on performance rather than internal politics. In addition, through assurance of
proper division of labor, incentive for over duty and mandatory leave help to overcome
huge working load and enjoy a sound as well as healthy life. Besides, good relationships
amongst employees and a sound working environment also help the employee to be
satisfied with their job.
Ensure Skill Manpower: For eliminating inadequate skill manpower, Janata Bank needs
to arrange Training and Development Program. This training program may be E-Learning
Platforms, Structured Training Programs, Cross-Functional Training or by any other
suitable method which method best for employees and for Janata Bank.
Ensure Proper ATM Booth: An appropriate number of ATM booths should be
strategically placed so that customers can conveniently withdraw cash 24/7 without

Page | 45
disruption. This will reduce pressure on the bank's cash counters. However, Janata Bank
should also ensure that the necessary facilities for managing ATM booths are in place.
Reduce Loan Deficit: Reducing loan defaults is undoubtedly a significant challenge for
Janata Bank. To address this challenge effectively, Janata Bank must make decisions and
take actions in accordance with the rules, laws, and regulations of Bangladesh.
Ensure Proper Promotional Activities: Spread the publicity. They must prepare an
organized set of plans regarding the advertising and promotional activities in an effective
and efficient way. These promotional activities may include billboards, internet
advertising, educational premises camping or many more, which is most suitable for
Janata Bank PLC.
Others: Though these issues may seem insignificant, addressing them will expedite the
banking procedures.
i. Updating & Utilize the Bank's Website: The website of Janata Bank has two
types of users: internal and external users. External users can access the bank's
public information. On the other hand, internal users, who are bank employees,
perform crucial activities such as information verification, balance inquiries, fund
transfers, customer data collection, and updates.
For external users, the information provided is not only unique but also
aesthetically presented. Conversely, internal users face challenges related to slow
processing speeds, meaning that there is a delay in receiving outputs for the inputs
provided. If the bank's website can be appropriately updated and utilized, banking
services will be more efficient.
ii. Utilize Mobile Application: Include more features in mobile applications as
many as possible.
iii. Providing Cheque to Customers as Quickly as Possible: To issue a MICR
check, it takes approximately one month from the day the customer places the
order to the issuance near the customer. The faster this process can be completed,
the higher the quality of service and customer satisfaction will be.
iv. Optimizing the Cash Counters: Implementing a token system at the cash
counters to avoid customers standing in line are some small measures that, when
resolved, will enhance customer service at Janata Bank PLC.

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