CHUYÊN ĐỀ 3: QUESTION 18-22( the most difficult)

I. Ngữ pháp cần bổ trợ

- Câu đơn
- Câu ghép
- Câu phức
- Đại từ quan hệ, mệnh đề quan hệ
- Các dạng rút gọn của mệnh đề quan hệ
- Các dạng rút gọn của mệnh đề trạng ngữ
- Các phương tiện liên kết trong văn bản (từ, cụm từ nối, liên từ, cấu trúc song song…)
II. MỘT SỐ HƯỚNG DẪN
Các bước làm bài:
Bước 1: Đọc lướt toàn bộ đoạn văn để nắm ý chính.
Bước 2: Phân tích cấu trúc câu/chỗ trống (cần mệnh đề quan hệ, cụm danh từ, động từ...).
Bước 3: Loại trừ phương án sai ngữ pháp hoặc ngữ nghĩa.
Bước 4: Kiểm tra tính liên kết giữa các câu trước và sau chỗ trống.
Xác định nội dung kiểm tra ở từng câu
gồm 5 câu hỏi:
+1 câu kiểm tra về ngữ động từ( câu đơn, bị động)
+1 câu kiểm tra về mệnh đề QH (MĐQH)
+2 câu kiểm tra về ngữ cảnh câu.
+1 câu kiểm tra về rút gọn mệnh đề trạng ngữ( Có cùng chủ Ngữ, xem chủ ngữ là Ai trước, sau khi lược)
III.BÀI TẬP MINH HỌA
(Đề minh họa 2025)
Read the following passage about humanoid robots and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer
sheet to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
Humanoid robots, eminent characters in science fiction novels and sci-fi films, are becoming a reality.
Sophia, as an example, (18) _______. One month later, she had her premiere in Texas, USA, and has made
multiple public appearances around the world since then. At one such event, Sophia was granted Saudi
Arabian citizenship in October 2017 and even became the first Innovation Champion of the United Nations
Development Programme later that year. During Sophia’s trip to Vietnam in 2018, she addressed the Industry
4.0 Summit and Expo.
Sophia the Robot is the latest humanlike robot created by a Hong Kong-based company (19) _______.
Undoubtedly, Sophia together with other humanlike robots represents the rapid advancement in the field of
robotics and artificial intelligence. (20) _______.
Sophia’s physical appearance is inspired by both the famous actress Audrey Hepburn and the creator’s
wife. (21) _______. But what makes her more lifelike than other robots is the patented artificial skin called
Frubber®, which has the feel and flexibility of human skin.
Sophia amazes the world with her ability to communicate naturally. The Sophia Intelligence Collective,
which is a combination of AI and human input, and other sophisticated perception techniques enable Sophia to
recognise human faces and identify human emotions and gestures. Equipped with machine learning
algorithms, (22) _______.
(Adapted from Friends Global)

Question 18: A. of which the activation was launched on Valentine’s Day, 2016
B. was first activated on Valentine’s Day in 2016
C. that had her first Valentine’s activation launched in 2016
D. having been initially activated on Valentine’s Day, 2016
Question 19: A. whose combined efforts in AI research, engineering, and design have given birth to robots
B. succeeded in bringing robots to life by combining research in AI, engineering, and design
C. brought robots to life thanks to its accomplishments in AI research, engineering, and design
D. of which the joint efforts in AI research, engineering, and design in building robots
Question 20: A. She has been designed to assist humans in healthcare, customer support, and education
B. People in the fields of healthcare, customer service, and education helped create Sophia
C. Intending to aid humans in healthcare, customer support, and education, Sophia was developed
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 D. The assistance in customer support, education, and healthcare led to the creation of Sophia
Question 21: A. Without cameras and microphones working as her eyes and ears, she could hear and see like
humans
B. Her eyes and ears work as cameras and microphones so that people can see and hear her
C. She has cameras for eyes and microphones for ears, allowing her to see and hear like a human
D. Using cameras and microphones for eyes and ears, they allow her to see and hear as humans do
Question 22: A. Sophia can understand human speech and interact with people
B. human speech and interaction are becoming so easy to Sophia
C. the machine can help Sophia speak and interact with humans
D. interaction in speech between Sophia and humans takes place

Question 18:
B. was first activated on Valentine’s Day in 2016
Lý do: Câu cần một mệnh đề chính (main clause) để hoàn chỉnh cấu trúc. Phương án B sử dụng thì quá khứ
đơn, phù hợp với ngữ cảnh (Sophia được kích hoạt năm 2016, sau đó có buổi ra mắt một tháng sau).
Question 19:
A. whose combined efforts in AI research, engineering, and design have given birth to robots
Lý do: Mệnh đề quan hệ với "whose" chỉ sở hữu của công ty (the company's efforts). Cấu trúc này phù hợp để
bổ nghĩa cho "a Hong Kong-based company".
Question 20:
A. She has been designed to assist humans in healthcare, customer support, and education
Lý do: Câu này giải thích mục đích thiết kế của Sophia, phù hợp với ngữ cảnh "đại diện cho tiến bộ trong
robotics và AI".
Question 21:
C. She has cameras for eyes and microphones for ears, allowing her to see and hear like a human
Lý do: Mô tả cấu tạo vật lý của Sophia (mắt là camera, tai là microphone), dẫn dắt sang câu tiếp theo về làn
da nhân tạo Frubber®.
Question 22:
A. Sophia can understand human speech and interact with people
Lý do: Cụm phân từ "Equipped with machine learning algorithms" cần chủ ngữ là Sophia. Phương án A duy
trì tính nhất quán chủ ngữ và giải thích khả năng của robot.

MỘT SỐ BÀI TẬP LUYỆN TẬP -

EXERCISE 1 ZL:0948893687 để nhận từng chuyên đề
Read the following passage about humanoid robots and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet
to indicate the option that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
A 4D cinema is an exciting place to watch movies. It is different from regular cinemas because it has
special effects that make you feel like you are inside the movie. In a 4D cinema, the seats move, and
sometimes you feel things like wind, water, or even smells during the movie, (18) ______ For example, if
there is rain in the movie, you might feel a light spray of water. If there is an action scene, (19) ______.
Many people like 4D cinemas because they make watching movies more exciting. Kids, in particular,
enjoy these effects because it feels like a real adventure. (20) ______who want to try something new and
thrilling. Watching a movie in 4D can be a little expensive, (21) ______
However, 4D cinemas are not everywhere, so some people may need to travel to a big city to find one.
Some people might not like the movement and effects if they feel dizzy or uncomfortable. But for those who
enjoy it, a 4D cinema makes movies unforgettable. It turns a normal movie experience into something special,
(22) ______.
(Adapted from https://www.cgv.vn)
Question 18: A. which makes the movie more realistic and fun
B. in which making movie more interesting and thrilling
C. making movie slightly boring and uncomfortable
D. having made the movies less attractive but exciting
Question 19: A. your seat may shake to make it feel like you are part of the action.
B. the seat will move to help the actors feel like they are in the scene.
C. the seat would start to shake so you feel as if you’re inside the action.
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D. your seat can move making you feel like you are the middle of the action.
Question 20: A. Families and friends enjoy going to 4D cinemas together
B. Many families and friends love to go to 4D cinemas for fun
C. Going to 4D cinemas is a popular activity for families and friends
D. Visiting 4D cinemas are a favorite activity for families and friends
Question 21: A. and people think it’s worth it because it’s a one-of-a-kind experience.
B. so most people say the special experience is worth paying for.
C. for most people, the unique experience makes it worth the money.
D. but most people think it’s worth it for the unique experience.
Question 22: A. without creating memories that people can hold onto for years.
B. giving people memories that they can remember for a long time.
C. which giving people moments they won’t forget for a long time.
D. that makes people remember the forgettable memory for many years.

EXERCISE 2

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D to indicate the correct option that best fits
each of the numbered blanks.
In today’s world, there are many career options to choose from (18) __________. This is because of the
availability of better and advanced educational facilities which provide knowledge along with skills for a
particular job. Career guidance helps students in choosing careers (19) __________. It enhances their
confidence and enables them to make decisions regarding the selection of courses after completion of their
school education or graduation. Considering this fact career guidance should be provided to students at a
young age i.e., in schools itself so that they can get understanding about what they want to do in life.
Career guidance is a crucial part of helping students to develop in their academic careers It helps students
to decide which subjects they should take up, and why they are vital. It also helps in (20) __________. Career
guidance helps to provide enough information about different careers and opportunities.
It is necessary that students need a clear understanding of career goals at an early age (21) _______.
The importance of career guidance has been clearly proven by many research studies. In fact, it has been
shown that students who receive career guidance have a greater likelihood of achieving their goals than those
who do not.
One study by the National Center for Education Statistics showed that students who received career
guidance before their senior year of high school were more likely (22) __________, get a degree, and be
employed at the time of graduation than those who did not.
Adapted from: https://theacademiccity.com/blog/why-should-career-guidance-be-given-at-a-young-age
Question 18. A. like compared with the past B. as compared with the past
C. as compared to the past D. like compared to the past
Question 19. A. that suit their interests and abilities B. when suit their interests and abilities
C. where suit their interests and abilities D. who suit their interests and abilities.
Question 20. A. taking the right choice of subject in higher studies
B. making the right choice of subject in higher studies
C. taking higher studies in the right choice of subject
D. making higher studies in the right choice of subject
Question 21. A. but they can make the right decision for their future
B. despite making the right decision for their future
C. although they can make the right decision for their future
D. so that they can make the right decision for their future
Question 22. A. going on to college B. to go on to college
C. go on to college D. being gone to college

EXERCISE 3

Read the following passage and mark the letter A, B, C or D on your answer sheet to indicate the option
that best fits each of the numbered blanks from 18 to 22.
WATER

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 Water is one of the most essential resources on Earth, and it is crucial for all living
organisms to survive. Water covers about 70% of the Earth's surface, but only a small portion
of it is fresh, drinkable water. Freshwater, (18) ________. As the population continues to grow,
the demand for freshwater increases, leading to concerns about water scarcity in many
regions.
Many parts of the world are experiencing a shortage of clean, safe drinking water.
Caused by factors such as pollution, overconsumption, and climate change, (19) ________. In
areas where water is scarce, people often have to travel long distances to access water, and
this can have a significant impact on their daily lives.
(20) ________, leading to more frequent droughts and floods. In some areas, water levels
in rivers and lakes, which provide drinking water and support agriculture, are decreasing
significantly due to prolonged periods of dry weather. The situation (21) ________, which has
made much of the available freshwater unsafe to drink.
(22) ________ and investing in new technologies for water treatment and desalination.
Water-saving devices, which are becoming more common in homes and industries, help to
reduce waste and ensure that water is used efficiently. Many countries are also improving their
water management systems to ensure that every drop of water is used wisely.

Question 18. A. which is necessary for drinking, agriculture, and sanitation, is only available
in limited quantities on the planet
B. can solve global crises related to water scarcity if more advanced desalination plants
are built
C. that water serves its purpose in supporting many important human activities across
the globe
D. helping sustain agricultural development and ensuring access to clean water in
specific regions
Question 19. A. rising demands for clean water are causing global concerns despite some
regions having sufficient local resources
B. water shortages have become a major issue in many developing and developed
countries
C. shortages are sometimes reported as isolated local problems due to ineffective water
management policies
D. small populations often fail to effectively address water overuse while climate
conditions change rapidly
Question 20.
A. Increased awareness solves minor regional challenges effectively
B. Rainfall often happens predictably depending on a seasonal connection
C. Climate change is making matters worse, as it affects rainfall patterns
D. Water levels remain high while many worry about future shifts
Question 21. A. why major governments get specialists to focus on clean-up programs
B. having been described in policies designed to fix problems like water contamination
C. that often creates complex chemical reactions in natural ecosystems
D. is compounded by pollution from industrial, agricultural, and domestic sources
Question 22.
A. Efforts are being made to address these issues, including promoting water
conservation
B. Addressing these issues including promoting water conservation and making efforts
are being encouraged
C. These issues are being mentioned to address promoting water conservation to make
efforts
D. Promoting water conservation efforts are being encouraged to address other issues,
except these ones