P510/2

PHYSICS
Paper 2
th
04 August 2025
2 ½ Hours

KAMPALA WAKISO GIANT SCHOOLS’ ASSOCIATION (KWGSA)

National Joint Mock Examination 2025
Uganda Advanced Certificate of Education
PHYSICS THEORY
Paper 2
2 Hours 30 Minutes

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES
 Attempt any five questions, taking at least one question from the Sections A, B, C and D but
not more than one question should be taken in either Sections A or B.
 Any additional question(s) answered will not be marked.
 Mathematical tables and non-programmable calculators may be used

Assume where necessary;

 Acceleration due to gravity, g, = 9.8mS-2
 Speed of light in a vacuum c = 3.0 x 108ms-1
 Electronic charge e = 1.6 x 10-19C
 Electron mass = 9.11 x 10-31kg
 Plank’s constant, h, = 66 x 10-34Js
 Permeability of free space No =
 Permitivity of free space, E0, = 8.85 x 10-12Fm-1
 The constant = 9.0 x 109F-1m

 One electron volt (ev) = 1.6 x 10-19J

 Avagadro’s constant NA, = 6.02 x 1023mol-1
 Resistivity of Nichrome wire at 250C = 1.2 x 10-6CRm
 Specific heat capacity of water = 4.2 x 103JKg-1k-1

KWGSA Joint Mock Examinations 2025 Page 1 of 6

 SECTION A
1. (a) (i) State the principle of reversibility of light. (01 mark)
(ii) Explain the formation of the image in a plane mirror. (03 marks)

(b) Describe an experiment tom show that an image in a plane mirror is as far behind
the mirror as the object is in front. (05 marks)

(c) (i) Define the term limiting angle as applied in glass prism. (01 mark)
(ii) A glass prism of small angle A, and refractive index, ∩g and is completely
immersed in a liquid of refractive index ∩1. Show that a ray of light passing
through the prism that a small angle of incidence suffers a deviation given
 g 
by; d    1 A (04 marks)
  1 
(d) Explain the necessary adjustments of a spectrometer before it can be used.
(06 marks)

2. (a) (i) What is meant by the term refraction? (01 mark)

(ii) A converging lens of focal length 40cm is 25cm away from a diverging lens
of focal length 10cm. an object is placed 2m distant from a former lens and
on the common axis of the system. Determine the position, magnification
and nature of the image formed. (05 marks)

(b) Derive the colour effects which you would expect to see in the image of a small
source of white light formed on a screen by a lens and how it can be minimized.
(04 marks)

(c) (i) Define angular magnification of a telescope. (01 mark)

(ii) With the aid of a labeled diagram, describe how Galilean telescope works
when not in normal adjustment. (05 marks)

(d) The deviation d, by a prism of small angle, A, and refractive index, n, is d = (n-1)A
Use this to show that focal length of a thin concave lens of refractive index, n, is
1 1
 n  1   where r1 and r2 are the radii of curvature of the lens
1
given by
f  r1 r2 
surfaces. (04 marks)

SECTION B

3. (a) (i) What is a progressive wave? (01 mark)

t x
(ii) Derive the equation of the progressive wave y  Sin2    where y is the
T  
vertical displacement, x is the horizontal displacement, t is the period and ƛ
is the wave length. (04 marks)

KWGSA Joint Mock Examinations 2025 Page 2 of 6

 x
(iii) What is the significance of changing the sign of the term in the equation

above. (01 mark)

(b) (i) Describe an experiment to show the variation of diameter and frequency of a
vibrating string under tension. (05 marks)
(ii) Alternating current mains is passed through a sonometer wire of length
0.8m, density 4100kgm-3 and mean diameter 0.06mm fixed at both ends.
Poles of a permanent magnets are placed on either side of the wire so that
magnetic field due to it is perpendicular to the wire. A tension of 2000N is
required to obtain a large amplitude of vibration of the wire with three
nodes. Calculate the frequency of the alternating current. (05 marks)

(c) Explain why sound is more audible when wind is blowing towards the observer
than blowing away. (04 marks)

4. (a) (i) State Huygen’s principle of wave construction. (01 mark)

(ii) Use Huygen’s principle to show that the angle of incidence is equal to the
angle of reflection of light. (05 marks)

(b) (i) Define diffraction grating as applied to wave theory of light. (01 mark)
(ii) Describe an experiment to determine wave length of light using a diffraction
grating and a spectrometer. (06 marks)

(c) Explain why it is not possible to see interference where the light beams from the
head lamps of a car overlap. (03 marks)

(d) A lens was placed with a convex surface of radius of curvature 80cm in contact
with the plane surface such that Newton’s rings were observed when the lens was
illuminated with monochromatic light, if the radius of the 15th bright ring was
3.6mm. Determine the wave length. (04 marks)

SECTION C

5. (a) Define magnetic moment. (01 mark)

(b) The diameter of 60 turn circular coil is 20cm and it has a current of 8A. Calculate;
(i) magnetic induction at the centre of the coil.
(ii) the magnetic moment of the coil.
(iii) the torque acting on the coil if it is suspended in a uniform magnetic field of
1.68T such that its plane is parallel to the field. (05 marks)

(c) (i) What is Hall voltage? (01 mark)

KWGSA Joint Mock Examinations 2025 Page 3 of 6

 (ii) Explain with the aid of a sketch diagram why a large voltage builds up
across opposite faces of a metallic slab in a magnetic field when a current is
passed through it. (04 marks)

(d) (i) Write down the expression for the magnetic force per metre that is
experienced by each of the two straight and infinitely long and thin parallel
wires carrying currents l1 and l2 in opposite directions when placed a
distance, y metres in a vacuum. (02 marks)
(ii) Use the expression in (i) to define an ampere. (01 mark)

6. (a) (i) State the laws of electromagnetic induction. (02 marks)

(ii) Describe an experiment to verify Faraday’s laws of electromagnetic
induction. (06 marks)

(b) A flat coil of 350turns and mean radius 8.5cm is lying on a horizontal surface and
is turned over in 0.80 seconds against the vertical component of the earth’s
magnetic field. Calculate the average emf induced. (04 marks)

(c) (i) Explain how emf is produced in a coil in an electric motor. (03 marks)
(ii) A d.c motor of armature resistance 1.25Ω is connected to a 240V supply.
When the motor is running freely, the armature current is 3.2A and makes
600 revolution per minute, when a load is connected to the motor in the
circuit, the armature increases to 36A. Calculate the speed of rotation.
(05 marks)

7. (a) (i) Define an impedance of an a.c circuit. (01 mark)

(b) The figure below shows a 2000  F capacitor connected in series with a lamp of
power rating 1.2A, 3,6V and power supply 120Hz and a switch k.

K
Fig.1

Vr.m.s
Determine
(i) The root mean square supply voltage, Vr.m.s to light up the lamp to its full
brightness when switch K is closed. (02 marks)
(ii) Potential difference across the capacitor and lamp. (02 marks)
(iii) Verify whether the sum of p.d across the capacitor and the lamp is equal to
the root mean square supply voltage, Vr.m.s and comment on the results.
(03 marks)

KWGSA Joint Mock Examinations 2025 Page 4 of 6

 (c) Describe and explain the mode of action of a repulsive type of meter used to
measure alternating current. (05 marks)

(d) (i) Distinguish between peak value and root mean square value of an
alternating current. (03 marks)
(ii) Derive the relation between the terms in d(i) above. (04 marks)

SECTION D
8. (a) (i) What is meant by capacitance of a capacitor. (01 mark)
(ii) Describe briefly the energy transformations that take place when charging
capacitor using a dry cell. (03 marks)

(b) (i) Derive an expression for the total capacitance of two capacitors C1 and C2
connected in series. (04 marks)
(ii) Two capacitors of 32  F and 48  F are connected in series with a 1000V
supply. Calculate the charge and potential difference across each capacitor.
(04 marks)

(c) (i) Describe an experiment to compare capacitance of two capacitors.(06 marks)

(ii) State two applications of capacitors. (02 marks)

9. (a) (i) What is electric potential energy and electric field strength? (02 marks)
(ii) Sketch graphs showing the variation of electric potential with distance from
the centre of positively charged sphere. (03 marks)

(b) A charge metal sphere, A is hung from an insulating string. Another charged sphere
B, on an insulating rod is then placed close to A as shown;
String

ϴ
Fig. 2
Insulating Rod
3.5cm
The charge on sphere A is +5.0nC while that on sphere B is -4.0nC.
(i) Draw the two spheres and show the electric field pattern around them.
(02 marks)
(ii) Determine the magnitude of the electric force between the two spheres.
(02 marks)
(iii) Describe the mode of operation of the Van de Graaff generator. (04 marks)
(iv) Give three ways how the output voltage of a Van de Graaff generator can be
increased. (03 marks)

KWGSA Joint Mock Examinations 2025 Page 5 of 6

 (c) What is the value of the angle ϴ is sphere A has a mass of 4.5 x 10-5kg. (03 marks)

10. (a) Explain why the terminal p.d falls as the current drawn from a source increases.
(03 marks)

(b) A d.c source of emf 12V and negligible internal resistance is connected in series
with two resistors of 400Ω and R ohms, respectively. When a voltmeter is
connected across the 400Ω resistor, it leads 4V while it reads 6V when connected
across the resistor of R ohms. Find the;
(i) resistance of the voltmeter.
(ii) value of R. (05 marks)

(c) Describe how you would use a slide wire potentiometer to measure the internal
resistance of a dry cell. (05 marks)
(d) In the circuit diagram shown below, AB is a slide wire of length 1.0m and
resistance 10Ω is a driver cell of emf 3.0V and negligible internal resistance. Y is a
cell of emf 2.2V and internal reistance 1.0Ω when the centre – zero – galvanometer
is connected inturns to points e and f, the balance lengths obtained are 45.0cm and
80cm respectively.
x 3.0V 2Ω

A B
Fig. 3
d
e R2
R1

2.2V, 1Ω

Calculate the;
(i) Current flowing through R1. (03 marks)
(ii) Resistance of R1 and R2 (02 marks)

END

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