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 FASTEST
GROWING
JOBS
Detailed Information on the 141 Fastest
Growing Jobs in Our Economy
Seventh Edition

★ Thorough, up-to-date descriptions of the fastest grow-

ing jobs in our economy
★ Information on skills needed, education and training
required, salaries, growth potential, and much more
★ Special section on how to find a job fast
★ Resume examples by professional resume writers for
some of America’s fastest growing jobs
★ Helpful information on labor market Par t o
trends f
Amer i
ca’s
Top Jo ®
bs
Ser ie s

Michael Farr
America’s Fastest Growing Jobs, Seventh Edition
Detailed Information on the 141 Fastest Growing Jobs in Our Economy

© 2003 by JIST Publishing, Inc.

Published by JIST Works, an imprint of JIST Publishing, Inc.

8902 Otis Avenue
Indianapolis, IN 46216-1033
Phone: 800-648-JIST Fax: 800-JIST-FAX
E-mail: [email protected] Web site: www.jist.com

Visit our Web site for more details on JIST, free job search information, book excerpts, and ordering information on our many
products!

Some other books by Michael Farr: Other books in the Amer ica’s Top Jobs ®
The Very Quick Job Search series:
The Quick Resume & Cover Letter Book America’s Top 300 Jobs
America’s Top Resumes for America’s Top Jobs America’s Top Computer and Technical Jobs
Getting the Job You Really Want America’s Top Jobs for People Without a Four-Year Degree
Best Jobs for the 21st Century (LaVerne L. Ludden, America’s Top Jobs for College Graduates
coauthor) America’s Top Military Careers
Career Guide to America’s Top Industries

For other career-related materials, turn to the back of this book.

Quantity discounts are available for JIST books. Please call our Sales Department at 1-800-648-JIST for more information and a
free catalog.

Editors: Susan Pines, Veda Dickerson, Mary Ellen Stephenson

Cover and Interior Designer: Aleata Howard
Interior Layout: Carolyn J. Newland

Printed in the United States of America

05 04 03 02 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1

All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reproduced in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval
system, without prior permission of the publisher except in the case of brief quotations embodied in articles or reviews. Making
copies of any part of this book for any purpose other than your own personal use is a violation of United States copyright laws.

We have been careful to provide accurate information throughout this book, but it is possible that errors and omissions have
been introduced. Please consider this in making any career plans or other important decisions. Trust your own judgment above
all else and in all things.

Trademarks: All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks, or registered
trademarks of their respective owners.

ISBN 1-56370-880-9
Relax—You Don’t
Have to Read
This Whole Book!

T his is a big book, but you

don’t need to read it all.
I’ve organized it into easy-to-use
sections so you can browse just
the information you want. To get
started, simply scan the table of
contents, where you’ll find brief
explanations of the major sections
plus a list of the jobs described in
this book. Really, this book is easy
to use, and I hope it helps you.
 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

Who Should Use This Source of Information

Book? The occupational descriptions in this book
come from the good people at the U.S. Depart-
This is more than a book of job descriptions.
ment of Labor, as published in the most recent
I’ve spent quite a bit of time thinking about
edition of the Occupational Outlook Handbook.
how to make its contents useful for a variety The OOH is the best source of career informa-
of situations, including
tion available, and the descriptions include the
★ latest data on earnings and other details. Other
Exploring career options. The job descrip-
sections also present solid information from
tions in Section One give a wealth of infor-
various sources at the U.S. Department of La-
mation on many of the most desirable jobs
bor. So, thank you to all the people at the Labor
in the labor market.
Department who gather, compile, analyze, and
★ Considering more education or training. make sense of this information. It’s good stuff,
The information helps you avoid costly and I hope you can make good use of it.
mistakes in choosing a career or deciding
on additional training or education—and
it increases your chances of planning a
bright future.
★ Job seeking. This book helps you identify Mike Farr
new job targets, prepare for interviews, and
write targeted resumes. The career planning
and job search advice in Section Two has
been proven to cut job search time in half!
★ Career planning. The job descriptions help
you explore your options, and Sections Two
and Three provide career planning advice
and other useful information.

iv © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Table of Contents
Summary of Major Sections
Introduction. The introduction explains each job The 141 Jobs Described in
description element, gives tips on using the book
for career exploration and job seeking, provides Section One
lists of the fastest growing jobs by percentage
growth and number of openings, and provides The titles for the 141 jobs described in Section One
other details. The introduction begins on page 1. are listed below in alphabetical order. The page
number where each description begins is also listed.
Section One: Descriptions of the Fastest Grow- Simply find jobs that interest you, and then read
ing Jobs. This is the book’s major section, with those descriptions. An introduction to Section One
thorough descriptions of 141 of the fastest grow- begins on page 12 and provides additional infor-
ing jobs in the United States. Each description gives mation on how to interpret the descriptions.
information on significant points, nature of the
work, working conditions, employment, training, Accountants and Auditors .......................................... 18
other qualifications, advancement, job outlook, Actors, Producers, and Directors ................................ 21
earnings, related occupations, and sources of ad- Administrative Services Managers .............................. 24
ditional information. The jobs are presented in
Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public
alphabetical order. The page numbers where spe-
Relations, and Sales Managers ................................ 27
cific descriptions begin are listed here in the table
of contents. Section One begins on page 17. Animal Care and Service Workers ............................... 30
Artists and Related Workers ........................................ 32
Section Two: The Quick Job Search—Seven Steps
to Getting a Good Job in Less Time. This brief Assemblers and Fabricators ........................................ 35
but important section offers results-oriented career Athletes, Coaches, Umpires, and Related Workers ...... 37
planning and job search techniques. It includes Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics .......... 40
tips on identifying your key skills, defining your
Barbers, Cosmetologists, and Other Personal
ideal job, using effective job search methods, writ-
Appearance Workers ............................................... 44
ing resumes, organizing your time, improving your
interviewing skills, and following up on leads. The Bill and Account Collectors ......................................... 46
second part of this section features professionally Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators ..... 48
written and designed resumes for some of America’s Biological and Medical Scientists ................................ 49
fastest growing jobs. Section Two begins on page 357.
Biomedical Engineers .................................................. 52
Section Three: Important Trends in Jobs and Building Cleaning Workers .......................................... 55
Industries. This section presents a brief and well-
Busdrivers ................................................................... 57
written article on labor market trends, titled
“Tomorrow’s Jobs.” This section also provides a list Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians ............. 60
of 261 major jobs arranged from the highest per- Carpenters .................................................................. 62
centage growth through the lowest, along with Cashiers ...................................................................... 64
other information. Section Three begins on page 419.
Chefs, Cooks, and Food Preparation Workers ............. 66
Chemists and Materials Scientists ............................... 69
Childcare Workers ....................................................... 72
Chiropractors .............................................................. 75
Clinical Laboratory Technologists and Technicians ...... 77
Computer and Information Systems Managers .......... 79
Computer-Control Programmers and Operators ......... 81
Computer Hardware Engineers ................................... 84

v
 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

Computer Programmers ............................................. 86 Lawyers ..................................................................... 188

Computer Software Engineers .................................... 89 Library Assistants, Clerical ......................................... 192
Computer Support Specialists and Systems Library Technicians .................................................... 193
Administrators ......................................................... 92 Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational
Construction Laborers ................................................ 95 Nurses ................................................................... 195
Construction Managers .............................................. 97 Line Installers and Repairers ..................................... 197
Correctional Officers ................................................. 100 Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders—
Counselors ................................................................ 102 Metal and Plastic ................................................... 199
Counter and Rental Clerks ........................................ 106 Management Analysts .............................................. 202
Customer Service Representatives ............................. 107 Material Moving Occupations ................................... 204
Demonstrators, Product Promoters, and Models ...... 109 Medical and Health Services Managers ..................... 207
Dental Assistants ...................................................... 112 Medical Assistants .................................................... 209
Dental Hygienists ...................................................... 114 Medical Records and Health Information
Technicians ............................................................ 211
Designers .................................................................. 115
Medical Transcriptionists .......................................... 213
Desktop Publishers ................................................... 119
Musicians, Singers, and Related Workers .................. 215
Diagnostic Medical Sonographers ............................ 122
Nuclear Medicine Technologists ................................ 217
Diesel Service Technicians and Mechanics ................. 124
Nursing, Psychiatric, and Home Health Aides ........... 219
Dispatchers ............................................................... 126
Occupational Therapist Assistants and Aides ............ 221
Drafters ..................................................................... 129
Occupational Therapists ........................................... 223
Economists and Market and Survey Researchers ...... 131
Office and Administrative Support Worker
Education Administrators ......................................... 134
Supervisors and Managers ..................................... 224
Electricians ................................................................ 137
Office Clerks, General ............................................... 226
Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics ...... 139
Opticians, Dispensing ............................................... 228
Engineering Technicians ............................................ 142
Optometrists ............................................................. 229
Environmental Engineers .......................................... 144
Painters and Paperhangers ....................................... 231
Environmental Scientists and Geoscientists .............. 147
Paralegals and Legal Assistants ................................. 233
Financial Analysts and Personal Financial Advisors ... 150
Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks ................................. 236
Financial Managers ................................................... 153
Personal and Home Care Aides ................................. 237
Food and Beverage Serving and Related Workers ..... 156
Pest Control Workers ................................................ 239
Food Service Managers ............................................. 159
Pharmacists .............................................................. 241
Gaming Cage Workers .............................................. 161
Pharmacy Aides ........................................................ 243
Gaming Services Occupations ................................... 163
Pharmacy Technicians ............................................... 244
Grounds Maintenance Workers ................................ 165
Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides .................... 246
Hazardous Materials Removal Workers ..................... 167
Physical Therapists .................................................... 248
Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration
Physician Assistants .................................................. 249
Mechanics and Installers ........................................ 170
Physicians and Surgeons ........................................... 251
Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks ........................ 173
Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters ... 254
Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and
Timekeeping .......................................................... 174 Police and Detectives ................................................ 256
Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Private Detectives and Investigators ......................... 261
Managers and Specialists ...................................... 176 Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment
Industrial Machinery Installation, Repair, and Specialists .............................................................. 263
Maintenance Workers ............................................ 181 Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks ............ 265
Instructional Coordinators ........................................ 184 Property, Real Estate, and Community Association
Landscape Architects ................................................ 185 Managers .............................................................. 266

vi © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Contents

Public Relations Specialists ....................................... 270 Social Workers .......................................................... 310

Radiologic Technologists and Technicians ................. 272 Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists ...... 313
Real Estate Brokers and Sales Agents ........................ 274 Stock Clerks and Order Fillers ................................... 315
Receptionists and Information Clerks ....................... 277 Surgical Technologists ............................................... 317
Recreation and Fitness Workers ................................ 278 Systems Analysts, Computer Scientists, and
Registered Nurses ..................................................... 281 Database Administrators ....................................... 318
Respiratory Therapists ............................................... 284 Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs ....................................... 322
Retail Salespersons ................................................... 286 Teacher Assistants ..................................................... 325
Roofers ..................................................................... 288 Teachers—Adult Literacy and Remedial and
Self-Enrichment Education .................................... 327
Sales Representatives, Wholesale and
Manufacturing ....................................................... 289 Teachers—Postsecondary .......................................... 329
Sales Worker Supervisors .......................................... 292 Teachers—Preschool, Kindergarten, Elementary,
Middle, and Secondary .......................................... 332
Secretaries and Administrative Assistants ................. 294
Teachers—Special Education ..................................... 336
Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services
Sales Agents .......................................................... 297 Television, Video, and Motion Picture Camera
Operators and Editors ........................................... 339
Security Guards and Gaming Surveillance
Officers .................................................................. 300 Top Executives ........................................................... 341
Semiconductor Processors ........................................ 302 Truckdrivers and Driver/Sales Workers ...................... 345
Sheet Metal Workers ................................................. 304 Veterinarians ............................................................. 348
Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks ..................... 307 Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Workers ................. 351
Social and Human Service Assistants ........................ 308 Writers and Editors ................................................... 354

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN vii

 INTRODUCTION
T his book is about improving your life, not just about selecting a job.
The career you choose will have an enormous impact on how you live
your life.

While a huge amount of information is available on occupations, most

people don’t know where to find accurate, reliable facts to help them make
good career decisions—or they don’t take the time to look. Important
choices, such as what to do with your career or whether to get additional
training or education, deserve your time.

If you are considering more training or education—whether additional

coursework, a college degree, or an advanced degree—this book will help
with solid information. More training and education is now typically re-
quired to get better jobs, and the education and training needed for the
jobs described in this book vary enormously. This book gives you the facts
you need for exploring your options.

A certain type of work or workplace may interest you as much as a certain

type of job. If your interests and values are to work with children, for ex-
ample, you can do this in a variety of work environments, in a variety of
industries, and in a variety of jobs. For this reason, I suggest you begin
exploring alternatives by following your interests and finding a career path
that allows you to use your talents doing something you enjoy.

Also, remember that money is not everything. The time you spend in ca-
reer planning can pay off in higher earnings, but being satisfied with your
work—and your life—is often more important than how much you earn.
This book can help you find the work that suits you best.

1
 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

is provided in Section Three, including those that are grow-

ing more slowly than average or even declining.

The Fastest Growing Jobs As you review Tables 1 and 2, check jobs that interest you.
Then look up those jobs in the table of contents and find
their descriptions in Section One.
To get the list of jobs to include in this book, I started with
the most recent projections available from the U.S. Depart-
ment of Labor on 261 major jobs that cover about 87% of the
workforce. The most recent data provides projections for the
percentage of growth of these jobs through 2010. I sorted
the jobs based on these percentages and then selected the
Keep in Mind That Your
100 jobs with the highest percentage of growth to be included
in this book. Table 1 lists these jobs, beginning with those Situation Is Not “Average”
that have the highest projected growth rates.
I created another list for the same 261 jobs, but sorted them While projected employment growth and earnings trends are
in order of the number of job openings (not their percentage) quite positive for many occupations and industries, the aver-
projected per year. I did this because many jobs with lower ages in this book will not be true for many individuals. Within
growth rates will actually generate more job openings. Table any field, some people earn more and some less. Earnings
2 presents a list of the 100 jobs projected to have the most vary enormously in different parts of the country, in differ-
openings per year through 2010. ent occupations, and in different industries. Also, some people
are willing to accept less pay for a more desirable work envi-
Many of the 100 jobs listed in Table 1 are also listed in Table ronment.
2. The number of jobs that appear on one or both of these
lists is 141, and those are the jobs described in Section 1 of My point is this: Your situation is probably not average, but
this book. These jobs are what I have defined as “America’s this book’s solid information is a great place to start. Remem-
fastest growing jobs.” ber that good people continue to find jobs, even in
occupations that are projected to decline. The information in
this book will give you a strong foundation for good deci-
sions.

Table 1: The 100 Jobs with the Highest

Advice on Using the Tables Percentage of Growth
of Fastest Growing Jobs This table presents the 100 jobs with the highest-percentage
growth rates projected through 2010. Notice that five of the
Major changes are occurring in our labor market and are pro- top 10 fastest growing jobs are computer related (including
jected to continue. Section Three of this book describes these desktop publishers) and four are medical. Computer services
changes. Rapidly growing jobs will often present more- and health services are two of the rapidly growing fields dis-
attractive career options that jobs that are not growing quickly. cussed in Section Three.
Rapidly growing jobs often offer better-than-average oppor- Notice also that only one of the top ten fastest growing jobs,
tunities for employment and job security. For this reason, you personal and home care aides, does not require substantial
should certainly pay attention to jobs that are projected to training or education beyond high school. While job oppor-
grow rapidly. tunities at all levels of education and training are listed in
Of course, there will always be some openings for new people, Table 1, many better-paying jobs require postsecondary edu-
even in slower growing or declining jobs. Some slower grow- cation or training. For more information on important labor
ing jobs employ large numbers of people and will create many market trends, consider reading the excellent and brief re-
openings due to retirement, people leaving the field, and other view of labor market trends in Section Three.
reasons. You will discover more occupational options if you Section One of this book provides a complete description for
consider jobs that are generating a large number of openings each job listed in Tables 1 and 2. The job descriptions are
but that may not have high-percentage growth rates. arranged in alphabetic order. The table of contents also lists
The best job for you might not be in this book at all, since these jobs, with the page number where each description
that job may not be growing quickly or have large numbers begins.
of openings. So, look at all jobs that interest you, even if they
are not among the fastest growing ones. The more you know
about your options, the better the decisions you will make.
Information on all major occupational and industry groups

2 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Introduction

TABLE 1
The 100 Jobs with the Highest Percentage of Growth
Percentage Growth
Job Title
Through 2010

1. Computer Software Engineers 95

2. Computer Support Specialists and Systems Administrators 92
3. Desktop Publishers 67
4. Personal and Home Care Aides 62
5. Systems Analysts, Computer Scientists, and Database Administrators 62
6. Medical Assistants 57
7. Social and Human Service Assistants 54
8. Physician Assistants 53
9. Medical Records and Health Information Technicians 49
10. Computer and Information Systems Managers 48
11. Physical Therapist Assistants and Aides 45
12. Occupational Therapist Assistants and Aides 42
13. Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists 40
14. Dental Hygienists 37
15. Dental Assistants 37
16. Public Relations Specialists 36
17. Pharmacy Technicians 36
18. Surgical Technologists 35
19. Cardiovascular Technologists and Technicians 35
20. Respiratory Therapists 35
21. Security Guards and Gaming Surveillance Officers 35
22. Occupational Therapists 34
23. Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks 33
24. Hazardous Materials Removal Workers 33
25. Physical Therapists 33
26. Paralegals and Legal Assistants 33
27. Customer Service Representatives 32
(continues)

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN 3

 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

TABLE 1 (CONTINUED)
The 100 Jobs with the Highest Percentage of Growth
Percentage Growth
Job Title
Through 2010

28. Correctional Officers 32

29. Veterinarians 32
30. Semiconductor Processors 32
31. Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers 32
32. Medical and Health Services Managers 32
33. Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics 31
34. Landscape Architects 31
35. Teachers—Special Education 31
36. Biomedical Engineers 31
37. Medical Transcriptionists 30
38. Nursing, Psychiatric, and Home Health Aides 30
39. Social Workers 30
40. Management Analysts 29
41. Financial Analysts and Personal Financial Advisors 29
42. Recreation and Fitness Workers 28
43. Actors, Producers, and Directors 27
44. Grounds Maintenance Workers 27
45. Diagnostic Medical Sonographers 26
46. Counselors 26
47. Gaming Services Occupations 26
48. Writers and Editors 26
49. Environmental Engineers 26
50. Registered Nurses 26
51. Television, Video, and Motion Picture Camera Operators and Editors 26
52. Instructional Coordinators 25
53. Demonstrators, Product Promoters, and Models 25
54. Bill and Account Collectors 25
55. Computer Hardware Engineers 25

4 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Introduction

TABLE 1 (CONTINUED)
The 100 Jobs with the Highest Percentage of Growth
Percentage Growth
Job Title
Through 2010

56. Economists and Market and Survey Researchers 25

57. Gaming Cage Workers 25
58. Pharmacists 24
59. Receptionists and Information Clerks 24
60. Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs 24
61. Probation Officers and Correctional Treatment Specialists 24
62. Private Detectives and Investigators 24
63. Teacher Assistants 24
64. Sheet Metal Workers 23
65. Teachers—Postsecondary 23
66. Chiropractors 23
67. Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers 23
68. Radiologic Technologists and Technicians 23
69. Nuclear Medicine Technologists 22
70. Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers 22
71. Pest Control Workers 22
72. Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents 22
73. Animal Care and Service Workers 21
74. Police and Detectives 21
75. Designers 21
76. Line Installers and Repairers 21
77. Biological and Medical Scientists 21
78. Environmental Scientists and Geoscientists 21
79. Library Assistants, Clerical 20
80. Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses 20
81. Artists and Related Workers 20
82. Administrative Services Managers 20
(continues)

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN 5

 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

TABLE 1 (CONTINUED)
The 100 Jobs with the Highest Percentage of Growth
Percentage Growth
Job Title
Through 2010

83. Dispatchers 20
84. Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Workers 19
85. Painters and Paperhangers 19
86. Financial Managers 19
87. Musicians, Singers, and Related Workers 19
88. Pharmacy Aides 19
89. Teachers—Adult Literacy and Remedial and Self-Enrichment Education 19
90. Roofers 19
91. Human Resources Assistants, Except Payroll and Timekeeping 19
92. Opticians, Dispensing 19
93. Library Technicians 19
94. Optometrists 19
95. Accountants and Auditors 19
96. Athletes, Coaches, Umpires, and Related Workers 19
97. Drafters 19
98. Counter and Rental Clerks 19
99. Computer-Control Programmers and Operators 19
100. Chemists and Materials Scientists 19

In comparison to Table 1, Table 2 includes more jobs that do

Table 2: The 100 Jobs with the Most not require a college degree or technical training beyond high
Openings school. For example, 4 of the top 10 do not require education
beyond high school. While some of these “low credential”
This table presents the 100 jobs projected to have the largest jobs do not pay well, some do. For example, some truckdrivers,
number of job openings per year through 2010. As noted ear- retail salespersons, and food and beverage serving workers
lier, just looking at jobs projected to have a high percentage of have earnings that are above the average for college gradu-
growth may lead you to overlook jobs projected to have a ates. Many of these jobs provide excellent opportunities for
high number of openings. Occupations that employ large num- advancement into management positions, flexibility while
bers of people, such as cashiers or retail salespersons, will going to school or raising a family, and other advantages.
generate many new openings, even though they may not be
growing rapidly, in terms of percentage, when compared to Many jobs in Table 2 do require substantial education, train-
other jobs. Many jobs are included in both Table 1 and Table ing, or experience, such as computer software engineers,
2 because they are projected to generate a large number of registered nurses, top executives, social workers, and electri-
openings and to have a higher-than-average percentage of cians. So, overall, this list offers a different and very interesting
growth. view of the data on job opportunities than what is seen by
looking only at Table 1.

6 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Introduction

As with the jobs listed in Table 1, Section One of this book The table of contents lists these jobs, with the page number
provides a complete description for each job included in Table where each description begins.
2. Again, the descriptions are arranged in alphabetical order.

TABLE 2
The 100 Jobs with the Most Openings
Number of
Job Title Openings
Through 2010

1. Food and Beverage Serving and Related Workers 1,156,000

2. Material Moving Occupations 710,000
3. Computer Support Specialists and Systems Administrators 677,000
4. Computer Software Engineers 664,000
5. Customer Service Representatives 631,000
6. Nursing, Psychiatric, and Home Health Aides 623,000
7. Truckdrivers and Driver/Sales Workers 589,000
8. Teachers—Preschool, Kindergarten, Elementary, Middle, and Secondary 571,000
9. Registered Nurses 561,000
10. Systems Analysts, Computer Scientists, and Database Administrators 554,000
11. Retail Salespersons 510,000
12. Cashiers 488,000
13. Top Executives 464,000
14. Building Cleaning Workers 431,000
15. Office Clerks, General 430,000
16. Security Guards and Gaming Surveillance Officers 393,000
17. Chefs, Cooks, and Food Preparation Workers 345,000
18. Teachers—Postsecondary 315,000
19. Grounds Maintenance Workers 304,000
20. Teacher Assistants 301,000
21. Secretaries and Administrative Assistants 265,000
22. Personal and Home Care Aides 258,000
23. Receptionists and Information Clerks 256,000
24. Advertising, Marketing, Promotions, Public Relations, and Sales Managers 229,000
25. Sales Worker Supervisors 193,000

(continues)

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN 7

 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)
The 100 Jobs with the Most Openings
Number of
Job Title Openings
Through 2010

26. Medical Assistants 187,000

27. Accountants and Auditors 181,000
28. Police and Detectives 174,000
29. Assemblers and Fabricators 171,000
30. Automotive Service Technicians and Mechanics 151,000
31. Computer and Information Systems Managers 150,000
32. Social and Human Service Assistants 147,000
33. Correctional Officers 145,000
34. Management Analysts 145,000
35. Stock Clerks and Order Fillers 142,000
36. Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses 142,000
37. Social Workers 141,000
38. Teachers—Special Education 140,000
39. Construction Laborers 135,000
40. Office and Administrative Support Worker Supervisors and Managers 130,000
41. Childcare Workers 127,000
42. Lawyers 123,000
43. Financial Managers 122,000
44. Electricians 120,000
45. Counselors 120,000
46. Recreation and Fitness Workers 118,000
47. Human Resources, Training, and Labor Relations Managers and Specialists 116,000
48. Sales Representatives, Wholesale and Manufacturing 111,000
49. Physicians and Surgeons 107,000
50. Designers 104,000
51. Bill and Account Collectors 101,000
52. Painters and Paperhangers 99,000
53. Carpenters 98,000

8 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Introduction

TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)
The 100 Jobs with the Most Openings
Number of
Job Title Openings
Through 2010

54. Welding, Soldering, and Brazing Workers 97,000

55. Computer Programmers 95,000
56. Dental Assistants 92,000
57. Barbers, Cosmetologists, and Other Personal Appearance Workers 90,000
58. Busdrivers 88,000
59. Shipping, Receiving, and Traffic Clerks 83,000
60. Counter and Rental Clerks 82,000
61. Securities, Commodities, and Financial Services Sales Agents 82,000
62. Medical and Health Services Managers 81,000
63. Writers and Editors 80,000
64. Industrial Machinery Installation, Repair, and Maintenance Workers 75,000
65. Administrative Services Managers 74,000
66. Machine Setters, Operators, and Tenders—Metal and Plastic 74,000
67. Food Service Managers 70,000
68. Pharmacy Technicians 69,000
69. Financial Analysts and Personal Financial Advisors 69,000
70. Medical Records and Health Information Technicians 66,000
71. Engineering Technicians 62,000
72. Paralegals and Legal Assistants 62,000
73. Property, Real Estate, and Community Association Managers 61,000
74. Education Administrators 61,000
75. Production, Planning, and Expediting Clerks 60,000
76. Hotel, Motel, and Resort Desk Clerks 59,000
77. Pipelayers, Plumbers, Pipefitters, and Steamfitters 59,000
78. Heating, Air-Conditioning, and Refrigeration Mechanics and Installers 54,000
79. Dental Hygienists 54,000
80. Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics 54,000

(continues)

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN 9

 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

TABLE 2 (CONTINUED)
The 100 Jobs with the Most Openings
Number of
Job Title Openings
Through 2010

81. Line Installers and Repairers 54,000

82. Clinical Laboratory Technologists and Technicians 53,000
83. Pharmacists 53,000
84. Sheet Metal Workers 51,000
85. Dispatchers 50,000
86. Construction Managers 50,000
87. Public Relations Specialists 49,000
88. Teachers—Adult Literacy and Remedial and Self-Enrichment Education 47,000
89. Payroll and Timekeeping Clerks 46,000
90. Musicians, Singers, and Related Workers 45,000
91. Gaming Services Occupations 44,000
92. Physical Therapists 44,000
93. Taxi Drivers and Chauffeurs 43,000
94. Billing and Posting Clerks and Machine Operators 43,000
95. Actors, Producers, and Directors 42,000
96. Drafters 42,000
97. Real Estate Brokers and Sales Agents 41,000
98. Diesel Service Technicians and Mechanics 40,000
99. Speech-Language Pathologists and Audiologists 40,000
100. Radiologic Technologists and Technicians 39,000

market trends but, in case you don’t read it, here are four
trends that you simply must consider.

Four Important Labor 1. Education and Earnings Are

Market Trends That Will Related
Affect Your Career I’m sure you won’t be surprised to learn that people with
higher levels of education and training have higher average
earnings. The data that follows comes from the Department
Our economy has changed in dramatic ways over the past 10 of Labor’s Internet site. The site presents the median earnings
years, with profound effects on how we work and live. Sec- for people with various levels of education. (The median is
tion Three of this book provides more information on labor the point where half earn more and half earn less.) The site

10 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Introduction

also indicates the average percentage of people at that educa- In all fields, people without job-related technical and com-
tional level who are unemployed. Based on this information, puter skills will have a more difficult time finding good
I computed the earnings advantage of people at various edu- opportunities than people who have these skills. Older work-
cation levels compared to people with a high school degree. ers, by the way, often do not have the computer skills that
younger workers do. Employers tend to hire the skills they
Earnings for Year-Round, Full-Time Workers Age 25 and need, and people without these abilities won’t get the best
Over, by Educational Attainment jobs. So consider upgrading your job-related computer and
technology skills if you need to—and plan to stay up-to-date
Premium
Median Over Unem-
on your current and future jobs.
Level of Education Annual High ployment
Earnings School
Grads
Rate 3. Ongoing Education and Training
Professional degree $80,230 $51,423 (179%) 1.3%
Are Essential
Doctoral degree $70,476 $41,669 (145%) 1.4%
School and work once were separate activities, and most
Master’s degree $55,302 $26,495 (92%) 1.6% people did not go back to school after they began working.
Bachelor’s degree $46,276 $17,469 (61%) 1.9% But with rapid changes in technology, most people are now
Associate degree $35,389 $6,582 (23%) 2.5% required to learn throughout their work lives. Jobs are con-
Some college, no degree $32,400 $3,593 (12%) 3.2% stantly upgraded, and today’s jobs often cannot be handled
High school graduate $28,807 —— 4.0% by people who have only the knowledge and skills that were
Less than a high school adequate for workers a few years ago. To remain competitive,
diploma $21,400 $–7,407 (–25%) 7.1% people without technical or computer skills must get them.
Those who do not will face increasingly limited job options.
Source: Earnings—U.S. Census Bureau, Current Population Survey, PINC-3,
updated 12/2001; Unemployment rate—Bureau of Labor Statistics, 1998 data; What this means is that you should plan to upgrade your job
Earnings—Bureau of the Census, 1997 data.
skills throughout your working life. This can include taking
formal courses, or it can mean reading work-related maga-
The earnings gap between a college graduate and someone zines at home, signing up for on-the-job training, and
with a high school education is growing wider and is now participating in other forms of education. Upgrading your
$17,469 a year. That’s enough to buy a nice car, make a down work-related skills on an ongoing basis is no longer optional
payment on a house, or even take a month’s vacation for two for most jobs, and you ignore doing so at your peril.
to Europe. As you see, over a lifetime, these additional earn-
ings can make an enormous difference in the college graduate’s 4. Good Career Planning Has
lifestyle.
Increased in Importance
And there is more. Jobs that require a four-year college degree
are projected to grow about twice as fast as jobs that do not.
Most people spend more time watching TV in a week than
Research shows that people with higher educational levels
they spend on career planning during an entire year. Yet most
are less likely to be unemployed and that they remain unem-
people will change their jobs many times and make major
ployed for shorter periods of time. Overall, the data on
career changes five to seven times.
earnings and other criteria indicate that people with more
education and training do better than those with less. There While you probably picked up this book for its information
are exceptions, of course, but for most people, more educa- on jobs, it also provides a great deal of information on career
tion and training results in higher earnings and lower rates of planning. For example, Section Two gives good career and
unemployment. job search advice, and Section Three has useful information
on labor market trends. I urge you to read these and related
Many jobs can be obtained without a college degree, but most
materials, because career-planning and job-seeking skills are
better-paying jobs require either training beyond high school
the keys to surviving in this new economy.
or substantial work experience.

2. Knowledge of Computer and

Other Technologies Is Increasingly
Important
Information on the Major
As you look over the list of jobs in the table of contents, you
Sections of This Book
may notice that many jobs require computer or technical skills.
Even jobs that do not appear to be technical often call for I want this book to be easy to use. In the table of contents, I
computer literacy. Managers, for example, are often expected provide brief comments on each section, and that may be all
to understand and use spreadsheet, word-processing, and da- you need. If not, here are some additional details you may
tabase software. find useful in getting the most out of this book.

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN 11

 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

Significant Points
The bullet points in this part of a description highlight key
Section One: Descriptions characteristics for each job, such as recent trends or educa-
tion and training requirements.
of the Fastest Growing Jobs
Nature of the Work
Section One is the main part of this book and probably the
This part of the description discusses what workers typically
reason you picked it up. It contains brief, well-written de- do in a particular job. Individual job duties may vary by in-
scriptions for 141 major jobs. Each of these jobs is among dustry or employer. For instance, workers in larger firms tend
either the 100 jobs with the highest percentage of growth
to be more specialized, whereas those in smaller firms often
(Table 1) or the 100 jobs with the most openings (Table 2) have a wider variety of duties. Most occupations have several
projected through 2010. The content for these job descrip- levels of skills and responsibilities through which workers may
tions comes from the U.S. Department of Labor and is
progress. Beginners may start as trainees performing routine
considered by many people to be the most accurate and up- tasks under close supervision. Experienced workers usually
to-date data available. The jobs are presented in alphabetical undertake more difficult tasks and are expected to perform
order.
with less supervision.
Together, the jobs in Section One provide enormous variety In this part of a description, you will also find information
at all levels of earnings and education. One way to explore about the influence of technological advancements on the
career options is to go the table of contents and identify jobs
way work is done. For example, the Internet allows adminis-
that seem interesting. If you are interested in medical jobs, trative assistants to acquire supplies with a click of the mouse,
for example, you can quickly spot those you want to learn saving time and money.
more about. You may also see other jobs that look interest-
ing, and you should consider these as well. This part also discusses emerging specialties. For instance,
webmasters—who are responsible for all the technical aspects
Next, read the descriptions for the jobs that interest you and, involved in operating a website—comprise a specialty within
based on what you learn, identify those that most interest
systems analysts, computer scientists, and database adminis-
you. These are the jobs you should consider. Sections Two trators.
and Three give you additional information on how best to
do so.
Each occupational description in this book follows a stan-
Working Conditions
dard format, making it easier for you to compare jobs. The This part of the description identifies the typical hours worked,
following overview describes the kinds of information found the workplace environment, physical activities and risk of
in each part of a description and offers tips on how to inter- injury, special equipment, and the extent of travel required.
pret the information. In many occupations, people work regular business hours—
40 hours a week, Monday through Friday. In other
Job Title occupations, they do not. For example, sales worker supervi-
sors often work evenings and weekends.
This is the title used for the job in the Occupational Outlook
The work setting can range from a hospital, to a mall, to an
Handbook, published by the U.S. Department of Labor. off-shore oil rig. Police and detectives are susceptible to in-
jury, while paralegals and legal assistants have high job-related
Numbers stress. Veterinarians may wear protective clothing or equip-
ment; construction laborers do physically demanding work;
The numbers following the job title refer to closely related and top executives travel frequently.
job titles from the Occupational Information Network
(O*NET). The O*NET was developed by the U.S. Department
of Labor to replace the older Dictionary of Occupational Titles Employment
(DOT). Like the DOT in the past, the O*NET is used by state
This section reports the number of jobs the occupation re-
employment service offices to classify applicants and job open- cently provided and the key industries where these jobs are
ings, and by a variety of career information systems. You can found. When significant, the geographic distribution of jobs
get additional information on the related O*NET titles on the
and the proportion of part-time (less than 35 hours a week)
Internet at www.onetcenter.org or at www.CareerOINK.com. and self-employed workers in the occupation are mentioned.
Reference books that provide O*NET descriptions include the Self-employed workers accounted for nearly eight percent of
O*NET Dictionary of Occupational Titles and the Enhanced Oc-
the work force but were concentrated in a small number of
cupational Outlook Handbook, both published by JIST occupations, such as lawyers and carpenters.
Publishing. Your librarian can help you find these books.

12 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Introduction

Susceptibility to layoffs due to imports, slowdowns in eco-

Training, Other Qualifications, and nomic activity, technological advancements, or budget cuts
Advancement are also addressed in this section. For example, employment
of real estate brokers and sales agents is sensitive to slowdowns
After you know what a job is all about, you need to under- in the economy.
stand how to train for it. This section describes the most
significant sources of training, including the training preferred Key Phrases Used in the Descriptions
by employers, the typical length of training, and advance-
ment possibilities. Job skills are sometimes acquired through This box explains how to interpret the key phrases that de-
high school, informal on-the-job training, formal training (in- scribe projected changes in employment. It also explains the
cluding apprenticeships), the Armed Forces, home study, terms for the relationship between the number of job open-
hobbies, or previous work experience. For example, experi- ings and the number of job seekers. The descriptions of this
ence is particularly important for many sales jobs. Many relationship in a particular occupation reflect the knowledge
professional and technical jobs, on the other hand, require and judgment of economists in the Bureau’s Office of Occu-
formal postsecondary education—postsecondary vocational pational Statistics and Employment Projections.
or technical training, or college, postgraduate, or professional
education. Changing Employment Between 2000 and 2010

This section of the job description also mentions desirable If the statement reads: Employment is projected to:
skills, aptitudes, and personal characteristics. For some entry- Grow much faster than average Increase 36 percent or more
level jobs, personal characteristics are more important than
Grow faster than average Increase 21 to 35 percent
formal training. Employers generally seek people who com-
municate well, compute accurately, think logically, learn Grow about as fast as average Increase 10 to 20 percent
quickly, get along with others, and demonstrate dependabil- Grow more slowly than average Increase 3 to 9 percent
ity.
Little or no change Increase 0 to 2 percent
Some occupations require certification or licensing to enter
Decline Decrease 1 percent or more
the field, to advance, or to practice independently. Certifica-
tion or licensing generally involves completing courses and Opportunities and Competition for Jobs
passing examinations. More and more occupations require
continuing education or skill improvement to keep up with If the statement reads: Job openings compared to
job seekers may be:
the changing economy or to improve advancement opportu-
nities. Very good to excellent More numerous
opportunities

Job Outlook Good or favorable opportunities In rough balance

May face keen competition or Fewer
In planning for the future, you must consider potential job can expect keen competition
opportunities. This section of a job description indicates what
factors will result in growth or decline in the number of jobs.
In some cases, the description mentions that an occupation Earnings
is likely to provide numerous job openings or relatively few
openings. Occupations which are large and have high turn- This section discusses typical earnings and how workers are
over—such as chefs, cooks, and food preparation compensated—annual salaries, hourly wages, commissions,
workers—generally provide the most job openings, reflecting piece rates, tips, or bonuses. Within every occupation, earn-
the need to replace workers who transfer to other occupa- ings vary by experience, responsibility, performance, tenure,
tions or who stop working. and geographic area. Earnings data from the Bureau of Labor
Statistics and, in some cases, from outside sources are included.
Some statements discuss the relationship between the num- Data may cover the entire occupation or a specific group
ber of jobseekers and the number of job openings. In some within the occupation.
occupations, there is a rough balance between jobseekers and
openings, whereas other occupations are characterized by Benefits account for a significant portion of total compensa-
shortages or surpluses. Limited training facilities, salary regu- tion costs to employers. Benefits such as paid vacation, health
lations, or undesirable aspects of the work—as in the case of insurance, and sick leave may not be mentioned because they
social and human service assistants—can cause shortages of are so widespread. Employers may offer other, less-traditional
entrants. On the other hand, glamorous or potentially high- benefits—such as flexible hours and profit-sharing plans—to
paying occupations—such as musicians or lawyers—generally attract and retain highly qualified workers. Less-common ben-
have surpluses of jobseekers. Variation in job opportunities efits also include childcare, tuition for dependents, housing
by industry, size of firm, or geographic location also may be assistance, summers off, and free or discounted merchandise
discussed. Even in crowded fields, job openings do exist. Good or services.
students or well qualified individuals should not be deterred
from undertaking training or seeking entry.

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN 13

 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

2. They do better in interviews.

Related Occupations
Occupations involving similar duties, skills, interests, educa- People who understand what they want and what they have
tion, and training are listed here. This allows you to look up to offer employers present their skills more convincingly and
these jobs, if they interest you. are much better at answering problem questions. And, be-
cause they have learned more about job search techniques,
Sources of Additional Information they are likely to get more interviews with employers who
need the skills they have.
No single publication can completely describe all aspects of
an occupation. Thus, this section lists mailing addresses for Doing better in interviews often makes the difference between
associations, government agencies, unions, and other orga- getting a job offer or sitting at home. And spending time plan-
nizations that can provide occupational information. In some ning your career can make an enormous difference to your
cases, toll-free phone numbers and Internet addresses also are happiness and lifestyle over time. So please consider reading
listed. These are provided for your convenience and do not Section Two and completing its activities. I suggest you sched-
constitute an endorsement. Free or relatively inexpensive pub- ule a time right now to at least read Section Two. An hour or
lications offering more information may be mentioned. Some so spent there can help you do just enough better in your
of these are available in libraries, school career centers, guid- career planning, job seeking, and interviewing to make the
ance offices, or on the Internet. difference. Go ahead—get out your schedule book and get it
over with (nag, nag, nag).
One other thing: If you work through Section Two, and it
helps you in some significant way, I’d like to hear from you.
Section Two: The Quick Please write or e-mail me via the publisher, whose contact
information appears elsewhere in this book.

Job Search—Seven Steps

to Getting a Good Job Section Three: Important
in Less Time Trends in Jobs and
For more than 20 years now, I’ve been interested in helping
people find better jobs in less time. If you have ever experi-
Industries
enced unemployment, you know it is not pleasant.
Unemployment is something most people want to get over This section includes a very good article on labor market
quickly—in fact, the quicker the better. Section Two will give trends. The article—titled “Tomorrow’s Jobs”—comes directly
you some techniques to help. from U.S. Department of Labor sources and is interesting, well
I know that most of you who read this book want to improve written, and short. It discusses overall trends, with an em-
yourselves. You want to consider career and training options phasis on occupational groups; and it includes information
that lead to a better job and life in whatever way you define on the fastest growing jobs and on jobs with high pay at vari-
this—better pay, more flexibility, more-enjoyable or more- ous levels of education. I know this sounds boring, but the
meaningful work, proving to your mom that you really can article is a quick read and will give you a good idea of factors
do anything you set your mind to, and so on. That is why I that will impact your career in the years to come.
include advice on career planning and job search in the first The final part of Section Three is a complete list of the 261
part of Section Two. It’s a short section, but it includes the jobs I used when narrowing down the jobs to be included in
basics that are most important in planning your career and in this book. They are arranged in order of their percentage of
reducing the time it takes to get a job. I hope it will make you projected growth, from highest to lowest. This table will give
think about what is important to you in the long run. you information on jobs not covered elsewhere in this book,
The second part of Section Two showcases professionally writ- including details you can use to be the life of the next party
ten resumes for some of America’s fastest growing jobs. Use you attend.
these as examples when creating your resume.
I know you will resist completing the activities in Section Two,
but consider this: It is often not the best person who gets the
job, but the best job seeker. People who do their career plan- Tips on Using This Book
ning and job search homework often get jobs over those with
better credentials, because they have these distinct advantages:
This book is based on information from government sources
1. They get more interviews, including many for jobs that and includes the most up-to-date and accurate data available
will never be advertised. anywhere. The entries are well written and pack a lot of infor-

14 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Introduction

mation into short descriptions. America’s Fastest Growing Jobs settings can apply to related jobs. Many times, after people
can be used in many ways. The following discussion provides carefully consider what they want to do, they change careers
tips on the four most-frequent uses: and find that the skills they have can still be used.
● For people exploring career, education, or training alter- America’s Fastest Growing Jobs can help you explore career
natives options in several ways. First, carefully review descriptions
for jobs you have held in the past. On a separate sheet of
● For job seekers
paper, list the skills needed in those jobs. Then do the same
● For employers and business people for jobs that interest you now. By comparing the lists, you
will be able to identify skills you used in previous jobs that
● For counselors, instructors, and other career specialists
you could also use in jobs that interest you for the future.
These “transferable” skills form the basis for moving to a new
Tips for People Exploring Career, career.

Education, or Training Alternatives You can also identify skills you have developed or used in
nonwork activities, such as hobbies, family responsibilities,
America’s Fastest Growing Jobs is an excellent resource for any- volunteer work, school, military, and extracurricular interests.
one exploring career, education, or training alternatives. Many
people take career interest tests to identify career options. This The descriptions can be used even if you want to stay with
book can be used for the same purpose. the same employer. For example, you may identify jobs within
your organization that offer more rewarding work, higher pay,
Many people do not have a good idea of what they want to or other advantages over your present job. Read the descrip-
do in their careers. They may be considering additional train- tions related to these jobs, and you may be able to transfer
ing or education but may not know what sort they should into another job rather than leave the organization.
get. If you are one of these people, America’s Fastest Growing
Jobs can help in several ways. Here are a few pointers.
Tips for Job Seekers
Review the list of jobs. Trust yourself. Research studies indi-
cate that most people have a good sense of their interests. You can use the descriptions in this book to give you an edge
Your interests can be used to guide you to career options you in finding job openings and in getting job offers—even when
should consider in more detail. you are competing with people who have better credentials.
Here are some ways America’s Fastest Growing Jobs can help
Begin by looking over the occupations listed in the table of
you in the job search.
contents. Look at all the jobs, because you may identify pre-
viously overlooked possibilities. If other people will be using Identify related job targets. You may be limiting your job
this book, please don’t mark in it. Instead, on a separate sheet search to a small number of jobs for which you feel qualified,
of paper, list the jobs that interest you. Or make a photocopy but by doing so you eliminate many jobs you could do and
of the table of contents and mark the jobs that interest you. enjoy. Your search for a new job should be broadened to in-
clude more possibilities.
Next, carefully read the descriptions of the jobs that most
interest you. A quick review will often eliminate one or more Go through the entire list of jobs in the table of contents and
of these jobs based on pay, working conditions, education check any that require skills similar to those you have. Look
required, or other considerations. After you have identified at all the jobs, since doing so sometimes helps you identify
the three or four jobs that seem most interesting, research targets you would otherwise overlook.
each one more thoroughly before making any important de- Many people are not aware of the many specialized jobs re-
cisions. lated to their training or experience. The descriptions in
Study the jobs and their training and education require- America’s Fastest Growing Jobs are for major job titles, but a
ments. Too many people decide to obtain additional training variety of more specialized jobs may require similar skills.
or education without knowing much about the jobs the train- Reference books that list more specialized job titles include
ing will lead to. Reviewing the descriptions in this book is the Enhanced Occupational Outlook Handbook and the O*NET
one way to learn more about an occupation before you enroll Dictionary of Occupational Titles. Both are published by JIST.
in an education or training program. If you are currently a The descriptions can also point out jobs that interest you but
student, the job descriptions in this book can also help you that have higher responsibility or compensation levels. While
decide on a major course of study or learn more about the you may not consider yourself qualified for such jobs now,
jobs for which your studies are preparing you. you should think about seeking jobs that are above your pre-
Do not be too quick to eliminate a job that interests you. If a vious levels but within your ability to handle.
job requires more education or training than you currently Prepare for interviews. This book’s job descriptions are an
have, you can obtain this training in many ways. essential source of information to help you prepare for inter-
Don’t abandon your past experience and education too views. If you carefully review the description of a job before
quickly. If you have significant work experience, training, or an interview, you will be much better prepared to emphasize
education, these should not be abandoned too quickly. Many your key skills. You should also review descriptions for past
skills you have learned and used in previous jobs or other jobs and identify skills needed in the new job.

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN 15

 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

Negotiate pay. The job descriptions in this book will help

you know what pay range to expect. Note that local pay and
other details can differ substantially from the national aver-
Additional Information
ages in the descriptions. About the Projections
Tips for Employers and Business Readers interested in more information about projec-
tions and details on the labor force, economic growth,
People industry and occupational employment, or the meth-
If you are an employer, a human resources professional, or ods and assumptions used in this book’s projections
other business person, you can use this book’s information to should consult the November 2001 edition of the
write job descriptions, study pay ranges, and set criteria for Monthly Labor Review, published by the Bureau of Labor
new employees. The information can also help you conduct Statistics. It provides information on the limitations
more-effective interviews by providing a list of key skills inherent in economic and employment projections.
needed by new hires. For more information about employment change, job
openings, earnings, unemployment rates, and training
requirements by occupation, consult Occupational Pro-
Tips for Counselors, Instructors, and jections and Training Data published by the Bureau of
Other Career Specialists Labor Statistics.
For occupational information from an industry perspec-
Counselors, instructors, and other career specialists will find tive, including some occupations and career paths that
suggestions in the previous tips for using this book to help America’s Fastest Growing Jobs does not cover, consult
people explore career options or find jobs. My best sugges- another BLS publication, the Career Guide to Industries.
tion to professionals is to get this book off the shelf and into This book is also available from JIST, under the title
the hands of the people who need it. Leave it on a table or Career Guide to America’s Top Industries.
desk and show people how the information can help them.
Wear this book out—its real value is as a tool used often and
well.

16 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Section One

DESCRIPTIONS OF
THE FASTEST
GROWING JOBS
T his is the book’s major section. It contains descriptions for 141 major
occupations, arranged in alphabetical order. Refer to the table of contents
for a list of the jobs and the page numbers where their descriptions begin.

The table of contents can also help you identify jobs you want to explore. If
you are interested in technical jobs, for example, you can go through the list
and quickly identify those you want to learn more about. Also, you may spot
other jobs that sound interesting, and you should consider those as well.

While these descriptions are easy to understand, the introduction to this book
provides additional information for interpreting them. The introduction also
lists the jobs in order of their projected growth by both percentage increase
and number of new openings. When reading the descriptions, keep in mind
that they present information that is the average for the country. Conditions
in your area and with specific employers may be quite different.

Also, you may come across jobs that sound interesting but require additional
training or education. Don’t eliminate them too soon. There are many ways to
obtain training and education, and most people change jobs and careers many
times. You probably have more skills than you realize that can transfer to new
jobs, so consider taking some chances. Get out of your rut. Do what it takes to
fulfill your dreams. Be creative. You often have more opportunities than barri-
ers, but you have to go out and find the opportunities.

17
 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

ment. They analyze and interpret the financial information that

corporate executives need to make sound business decisions. They
also prepare financial reports for non-management groups, includ-
Accountants and Auditors ing stockholders, creditors, regulatory agencies, and tax authorities.
Within accounting departments, they may work in various areas
O*NET 13-2011.01, 13-2011.02 including financial analysis, planning and budgeting, and cost ac-
counting.
Significant Points Many persons with an accounting background work in the public
sector. Government accountants and auditors maintain and exam-
● Most jobs require at least a bachelor’s degree in accounting or ine the records of government agencies and audit private businesses
a related field. and individuals whose activities are subject to government regula-
● Job seekers who obtain professional recognition through cer- tions or taxation. Accountants employed by federal, state, and local
tification or licensure, a master’s degree, proficiency in account- governments guarantee that revenues are received and expenditures
ing and auditing computer software, or specialized expertise are made in accordance with laws and regulations. Those who are
will have an advantage in the job market. employed by the federal government may work as Internal Revenue
Service agents or in financial management, financial institution ex-
● Competition will remain keen for the most prestigious jobs in amination, or budget analysis and administration.
major accounting and business firms.
Internal auditing is an increasingly important area of accounting
and auditing. Internal auditors verify the accuracy of their
organization’s records and check for mismanagement, waste, or fraud.
Nature of the Work Specifically, they examine and evaluate their firms’ financial and
Accountants and auditors help to ensure that the nation’s firms are information systems, management procedures, and internal controls
run more efficiently, its public records kept more accurately, and its to ensure that records are accurate and controls are adequate to pro-
taxes paid properly and on time. They perform these vital functions tect against fraud and waste. They also review company operations—
by offering an increasingly wide array of business and accounting evaluating their efficiency, effectiveness, and compliance with
services to their clients. These services include public, management, corporate policies and procedures, laws, and government regulations.
and government accounting, as well as internal auditing. However, There are many types of highly specialized auditors, such as elec-
accountants and auditors are broadening the services they offer to tronic data processing, environmental, engineering, legal, insurance
include budget analysis, financial and investment planning, infor- premium, bank, and healthcare auditors. As computer systems make
mation technology consulting, and limited legal services. Beyond information more timely, internal auditors help managers to base
the fundamental tasks of the occupation—preparing, analyzing, and their decisions on actual data, rather than personal observation. In-
verifying financial documents in order to provide information to ternal auditors also may recommend controls for their organization’s
clients—many accountants now are required to possess a wide range computer system to ensure the reliability of the system and the in-
of knowledge and skills. tegrity of the data.

Specific job duties vary widely among the four major fields of ac- Computers are rapidly changing the nature of the work for most
counting. Public accountants perform a broad range of accounting, accountants and auditors. With the aid of special software packages,
auditing, tax, and consulting activities for their clients, who may be accountants summarize transactions in standard formats for finan-
corporations, governments, nonprofit organizations, or individuals. cial records and organize data in special formats for financial analy-
For example, some public accountants concentrate on tax matters, sis. These accounting packages greatly reduce the amount of tedious
such as advising companies of the tax advantages and disadvantages manual work associated with data management and recordkeeping.
of certain business decisions and preparing individual income tax Personal and laptop computers enable accountants and auditors to
returns. Others are consultants who offer advice in areas such as be more mobile and to use their clients’ computer systems to extract
compensation or employee healthcare benefits, the design of account- information from large mainframe computers. As a result, a growing
ing and data processing systems, and the selection of controls to number of accountants and auditors have extensive computer skills
safeguard assets. Some specialize in forensic accounting—investigat- and specialize in correcting problems with software or in developing
ing and interpreting bankruptcies and other complex financial trans- software to meet unique data management and analytical needs.
actions. Still others audit clients’ financial statements and report to Accountants also are beginning to perform more technical duties,
investors and authorities that the statements have been correctly such as implementing, controlling, and auditing systems and net-
prepared and reported. Public accountants, many of whom are Cer- works, and developing technology plans and budgets.
tified Public Accountants (CPAs), generally have their own businesses Accountants also are increasingly assuming the role of a personal
or work for public accounting firms. financial advisor. They not only provide clients with accounting and
Management accountants—also called industrial, corporate, or pri- tax help, but also help them develop a personal budget, manage
vate accountants—record and analyze the financial information of assets and investments, plan for retirement, and recognize and re-
the companies for which they work. Other responsibilities include duce exposure to risks. This role is a response to demands by clients
budgeting, performance evaluation, cost management, and asset for one trustworthy individual or firm to meet all of their financial
management. Usually, management accountants are part of execu- needs.
tive teams involved in strategic planning or new-product develop-

18 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Section One: Descriptions of the Fastest Growing Jobs

tified Public Accountants, 38 states currently require CPA candidates

Working Conditions to complete 150 semester hours of college coursework—an additional
Most accountants and auditors work in a typical office setting. Self- 30 hours beyond the usual 4-year bachelor’s degree. Most states have
employed accountants may be able to do part of their work at home. adopted similar legislation that will become effective in the future.
Accountants and auditors employed by public accounting firms and Many schools have altered their curricula accordingly, and prospec-
government agencies may travel frequently to perform audits at tive accounting majors should carefully research accounting curricula
branches of their firm, clients’ places of business, or government and the requirements of any states in which they hope to become
facilities. licensed.

Most accountants and auditors generally work a standard 40-hour All states use the four-part Uniform CPA Examination prepared by
week, but many work longer hours, particularly if they are self-em- the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants (AICPA). The
ployed and have numerous clients. Tax specialists often work long 2-day CPA examination is rigorous, and only about one-quarter of
hours during the tax season. those who take it each year passes every part they attempt. Candi-
dates are not required to pass all four parts at once, but most states
require candidates to pass at least two parts for partial credit and to
Employment complete all four sections within a certain period. Most states also
require applicants for a CPA certificate to have some accounting ex-
Accountants and auditors held about 976,000 jobs in 2000. They
perience.
worked throughout private industry and government, but almost 1
out of 4 salaried accountants worked for accounting, auditing, and The AICPA also offers members with valid CPA certificates the op-
bookkeeping firms. Approximately 3 out of 25 accountants or audi- tion to receive the Accredited in Business Valuation (ABV), Certified
tors were self-employed. Information Technology Professional (CITP), or Personal Financial
Specialist (PFS) designations. The addition of these designations to
Many accountants and auditors are unlicensed management accoun-
the CPA distinguishes those accountants with a certain level of ex-
tants, internal auditors, or government accountants and auditors;
pertise in the nontraditional areas of business valuation, technol-
however, a large number are licensed Certified Public Accountants.
ogy, or personal financial planning, in which accountants are
Most accountants and auditors work in urban areas, where public
practicing more frequently. The ABV designation requires a written
accounting firms and central or regional offices of businesses are
exam, as well as completion of a minimum of 10 business valuation
concentrated.
projects that demonstrate a candidate’s experience and competence.
Some individuals with backgrounds in accounting and auditing are The CITP requires payment of a fee, a written statement of intent,
full-time college and university faculty; others teach part-time while and the achievement of a set number of points awarded for business
working as self-employed accountants or as salaried accountants for experience and education. Those who do not meet the required num-
private industry or government. ber of points may substitute a written exam. Candidates for the PFS
designation also must achieve a certain level of points, based on
experience and education, and must pass a written exam and sub-
Training, Other Qualifications, and mit references, as well.
Advancement Nearly all states require CPAs and other public accountants to com-
Most accountant and internal auditor positions require at least a plete a certain number of hours of continuing professional educa-
bachelor’s degree in accounting or a related field. Beginning account- tion before their licenses can be renewed. The professional
ing and auditing positions in the federal government, for example, associations representing accountants sponsor numerous courses,
usually require four years of college (including 24 semester hours in seminars, group study programs, and other forms of continuing edu-
accounting or auditing) or an equivalent combination of education cation.
and experience. Some employers prefer applicants with a master’s Accountants and auditors also can seek to obtain other forms of cre-
degree in accounting or with a master’s degree in business adminis- dentials from professional societies on a voluntary basis. Voluntary
tration with a concentration in accounting. certification can attest to professional competence in a specialized
Previous experience in accounting or auditing can help an applicant field of accounting and auditing. It also can certify that a recognized
get a job. Many colleges offer students an opportunity to gain expe- level of professional competence has been achieved by accountants
rience through summer or part-time internship programs conducted and auditors who acquired some skills on the job, without the for-
by public accounting or business firms. In addition, practical knowl- mal education or public accounting work experience needed to meet
edge of computers and their applications in accounting and internal the rigorous standards required to take the CPA examination.
auditing is a great asset for job seekers in the accounting field. The Institute of Management Accountants (IMA) confers the Certi-
Professional recognition through certification or licensure provides fied Management Accountant (CMA) designation upon applicants
a distinct advantage in the job market. All CPAs must have a certifi- who complete a bachelor’s degree or attain a minimum score on
cate, and any partners in their firm must have licenses issued by a specified graduate school entrance exams. Applicants also must pass
state Board of Accountancy. The vast majority of states require CPA a four-part examination, agree to meet continuing education require-
candidates to be college graduates, but a few states substitute a num- ments, comply with standards of professional conduct, and have
ber of years of public accounting experience for a college degree. worked at least 2 years in management accounting. The CMA pro-
Based on recommendations made by the American Institute of Cer- gram is administered by the Institute of Certified Management Ac-
countants, an affiliate of the IMA.

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN 19

 America’s Fastest Growing Jobs

Graduates from accredited colleges and universities who have worked In general, public accountants, management accountants, and in-
for 2 years as internal auditors and have passed a four-part examina- ternal auditors have much occupational mobility. Practitioners of-
tion may earn the Certified Internal Auditor (CIA) designation from ten shift into management accounting or internal auditing from
the Institute of Internal Auditors. Similarly, the Information Systems public accounting, or between internal auditing and management
Audit and Control Association confers the Certified Information accounting. However, it is less common for accountants and audi-
Systems Auditor (CISA) designation upon candidates who pass an tors to move from either management accounting or internal audit-
examination and have 5 years of experience in auditing electronic ing into public accounting.
data-processing systems. Auditing or data processing experience and
college education may be substituted for up to 2 years of work expe-
rience in this program. The Accreditation Council for Accountancy
Job Outlook
and Taxation, a satellite organization of the National Society of Pub- Accountants and auditors who have earned professional recogni-
lic Accountants, confers three designations—Accredited in Accoun- tion through certification or licensure should have the best job pros-
tancy (AA), Accredited Tax Advisor (ATA), and Accredited Tax Preparer pects. For example, Certified Public Accountants should continue to
(ATP). Candidates for the AA must pass an exam, while candidates enjoy a wide range of job opportunities, especially as more states
for the ATA and ATP must complete the required coursework and require candidates to have 150 hours of college coursework, making
pass an exam. Often, a practitioner will hold multiple licenses and it more difficult to obtain this certification. Similarly, Certified Man-
designations. For instance, an internal auditor might be a CPA, CIA, agement Accountants should be in demand as their management
and CISA. advice is increasingly sought. Applicants with a master’s degree in
The Association of Government Accountants grants the Certified accounting, or a master’s degree in business administration with a
Government Financial Manager (CGFM) designation for accountants, concentration in accounting, also will have an advantage in the job
auditors, and other government financial personnel at the federal, market.
state, and local levels. Candidates must have a minimum of a Proficiency in accounting and auditing computer software, or ex-
bachelor’s degree, 24 hours of study in financial management, and 2 pertise in specialized areas such as international business, specific
years’ experience in government, and must pass a series of three industries, or current legislation, also may be helpful in landing cer-
exams. The exams cover topics in governmental environment; gov- tain accounting and auditing jobs. In addition, employers increas-
ernmental accounting, financial reporting, and budgeting; and fi- ingly seek applicants with strong interpersonal and communication
nancial management and control. skills. Because many accountants work on teams with others from
Persons planning a career in accounting should have an aptitude for different backgrounds, they must be able to communicate account-
mathematics and be able to analyze, compare, and interpret facts ing and financial information clearly and concisely. Regardless of
and figures quickly. They must be able to clearly communicate the one’s qualifications, however, competition will remain keen for the
results of their work to clients and managers. Accountants and audi- most prestigious jobs in major accounting and business firms.
tors must be good at working with people, as well as with business Employment of accountants and auditors is expected to grow about
systems and computers. Because millions of financial statement us- as fast as the average for all occupations through the year 2010. In
ers rely on their services, accountants and auditors should have high addition to openings resulting from growth, the need to replace ac-
standards of integrity. countants and auditors who retire or transfer to other occupations
Capable accountants and auditors may advance rapidly; those hav- will produce numerous job openings annually in this large occupa-
ing inadequate academic preparation may be assigned routine jobs tion.
and find promotion difficult. Many graduates of junior colleges and As the economy grows, the number of business establishments will
business and correspondence schools, as well as bookkeepers and increase, requiring more accountants and auditors to set up books,
accounting clerks who meet the education and experience require- prepare taxes, and provide management advice. As these businesses
ments set by their employers, can obtain junior accounting posi- grow, the volume and complexity of information developed by ac-
tions and advance to positions with more responsibilities by countants and auditors regarding costs, expenditures, and taxes will
demonstrating their accounting skills on the job. increase as well. More-complex requirements for accountants and
Beginning public accountants usually start by assisting with work auditors also arise from changes in legislation related to taxes, finan-
for several clients. They may advance to positions with more re- cial reporting standards, business investments, mergers, and other
sponsibility in 1 or 2 years, and to senior positions within another financial matters. The growth of international business also has led
few years. Those who excel may become supervisors, managers, or to more demand for accounting expertise and services related to in-
partners; open their own public accounting firms; or transfer to ex- ternational trade and accounting rules, as well as to international
ecutive positions in management accounting or internal auditing in mergers and acquisitions. These trends should create more jobs for
private firms. accountants and auditors.

Management accountants often start as cost accountants, junior in- The changing role of accountants and auditors also will spur job
ternal auditors, or trainees for other accounting positions. As they growth. In response to market demand, these financial specialists
rise through the organization, they may advance to accounting will offer more financial management and consulting services as they
manager, chief cost accountant, budget director, or manager of in- take on a greater advisory role and develop more-sophisticated and
ternal auditing. Some become controllers, treasurers, financial vice flexible accounting systems. By focusing on analyzing operations,
presidents, chief financial officers, or corporation presidents. Many rather than simply providing financial data, accountants will help
senior corporation executives have a background in accounting, in- to boost demand for their services. Also, internal auditors will in-
ternal auditing, or finance. creasingly be needed to discover and eliminate waste and fraud.

20 © 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN

 Section One: Descriptions of the Fastest Growing Jobs

However, these trends will be offset somewhat by a decrease in the

demand for traditional services and by the growing use of account-
Sources of Additional Information
ing software. Accountants will spend less time performing audits, Information about careers in certified public accounting and CPA
due to potential liability and relatively low profits, and will shift standards and examinations may be obtained from:
away from tax preparation, due to the increasing popularity of tax
● American Institute of Certified Public Accountants, 1211 Avenue of the
preparation firms and software. As computer programs continue to
Americas, New York, NY 10036. Internet: http://www.aicpa.org
simplify some accounting-related tasks, clerical staff will increasingly
handle many routine calculations. Information on CPA licensure requirements by state may be obtained
from:
Earnings ● National Association of State Boards of Accountancy, 150 Fourth Ave.
North, Suite 700, Nashville, TN 37219-2417. Internet: http://
In 2000, the median annual earnings of accountants and auditors www.nasba.org
were $43,500. The middle half of the occupation earned between
$34,290 and $56,190. The top 10 percent of accountants and audi- Information on careers in management accounting and the CMA
tors earned more than $73,770, and the bottom 10 percent earned designation may be obtained from:
less than $28,190. In 2000, median annual earnings in the indus- ● Institute of Management Accountants, 10 Paragon Dr., Montvale, NJ
tries employing the largest numbers of accountants and auditors were 07645-1760. Internet: http://www.imanet.org
as follows:
Information on the Accredited in Accountancy, Accredited Business
Computer and data processing services ......................... $47,110 Accountant, Accredited Tax Advisor, or Accredited Tax Preparer des-
Accounting, auditing, and bookkeeping ......................... 45,890 ignations may be obtained from:
Federal government .......................................................... 44,380 ● Accreditation Council for Accountancy and Taxation, 1010 North
Local government ............................................................. 41,240 Fairfax St., Alexandria, VA 22314. Internet: http://
State government ............................................................. 40,780 www.acatcredentials.org

Information on careers in internal auditing and the CIA designation

According to a salary survey conducted by the National Association may be obtained from:
of Colleges and Employers, bachelor’s degree candidates in account- ● The Institute of Internal Auditors, 249 Maitland Ave., Altamonte
ing received starting offers averaging $39,397 a year in 2001; master’s Springs, FL 32701-4201. Internet: http://www.theiia.org
degree candidates in accounting were initially offered $43,272.
Information on careers in information systems auditing and the CISA
According to a 2001 salary survey conducted by Robert Half Interna- designation may be obtained from:
tional, a staffing services firm specializing in accounting and finance,
● The Information Systems Audit and Control Association, 3701
accountants and auditors with up to 1 year of experience earned
Algonquin Rd., Suite 1010, Rolling Meadows, IL 60008. Internet: http://
between $29,250 and $40,250. Those with 1 to 3 years of experience www.isaca.org
earned between $33,500 and $47,750. Senior accountants and audi-
tors earned between $39,250 and $59,500; managers earned between Information on careers in government accounting and on the CGFM
$46,750 and $76,750; and directors of accounting and auditing designation may be obtained from:
earned between $60,500 and $106,500 a year. The variation in sala- ● Association of Government Accountants, 2208 Mount Vernon Ave.,
ries reflects differences in size of firm, location, level of education, Alexandria, VA 22301. Internet: http://www.agacgfm.org
and professional credentials.
Information on obtaining an accounting position with the federal
In the federal government, the starting annual salary for junior ac- government is available from the Office of Personnel Management
countants and auditors was $21,947 in 2001. Candidates who had a (OPM) through a telephone-based system. Consult your telephone
superior academic record might start at $27,185, while applicants directory under U.S. Government for a local number or call (912)
with a master’s degree or 2 years of professional experience usually 757-3000; Federal Relay Service: (800) 877-8339. The first number is
began at $33,254. Beginning salaries were slightly higher in selected not toll free, and charges may result. Information also is available
areas where the prevailing local pay level was higher. Accountants from the OPM Internet site: http://www.usajobs.opm.gov
employed by the federal government in nonsupervisory, supervi-
sory, and managerial positions averaged $64,770 a year in 2001; au-
ditors averaged $67,180.

Related Occupations Actors, Producers,

Accountants and auditors design internal control systems and ana-
lyze financial data. Others for whom training in accounting is in- and Directors
valuable include budget analysts; cost estimators; loan officers;
financial analysts and personal financial advisors; tax examiners, O*NET 27-2011.00, 27-2012.01, 27-2012.02, 27-2012.03, 27-2012.04,
collectors, and revenue agents; bill and account collectors; and book- 27-2012.05
keeping, accounting, and auditing clerks. Recently, accountants in-
creasingly have taken on the role of management analysts.

© 2003 ● JIST Works ● Indianapolis, IN 21

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