Scheme & Syllabus of

Bachelor of Computer Applications

(BCA)

Batch 2025 onwards

For
University Main Campus, Constituent Campuses
and Affiliated colleges

Department of Academics
IK Gujral Punjab Technical University

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

PROGRAM OUTCOMES (POs)

Program: BCA

1. Basic knowledge: An ability to apply knowledge of basic mathematics, science and domain
knowledge to solve the computational problems.

2. Discipline knowledge: An ability to apply discipline –specific knowledge to solve core and/or
applied computational problems.

3. Experiments and practice: An ability to plan and perform experiments and practices and to
use the results to solve computational problems.

4. Tools Usage: Apply appropriate technologies and tools with an understanding of

limitations.

5. Profession and society: Demonstrate knowledge to assess societal, health, safety, legal and
cultural issues and the consequent responsibilities relevant to professional practice.

6. Environment and sustainability: Understand the impact of the computational solutions in

societal and environmental contexts, and demonstrate the knowledge and need for sustainable
development.

7. Ethics: Apply ethical principles and commit to professional ethics and responsibilities and norms
of the professional practice.

8. Individual and team work: Function effectively as an individual, and as a member or leader
in diverse/multidisciplinary teams.

9. Communication: An ability to communicate effectively.

10. Life-long learning: Recognize the need for, and have the preparation and ability to engage
in independent and life-long learning in the context of technological changes.

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

GENERAL COURSE STRUCTURE & THEME

A. Definition of Credit:
1 Hr. Lecture (L) per week 1 Credit
1 Hr. Tutorial (T) per week 1 Credit
1 Hr. Practical (P) per week 0.5 Credit
2 Hours Practical (P) per week 1 Credit
B. Course code and definition:
Course code Definitions
L Lecture
T Tutorial
P Practical
CC Core Courses
AEC Ability Enhancement Courses
MDE Multi-Disciplinary Elective course
VAC Value added Courses
SEC Skill Enhancement courses
DSE Discipline Specific Elective
OE Open Elective
*******

Minimum Eligibility Criteria:

Bachelors of Computer Applications (BCA):

It is a Under Graduate (UG) Programme of 3 years duration (6 semesters)

Eligibility: All those candidates who have passed the 10+2 or its equivalent examination in any
stream conducted by a recognized Board / University / Council.
Or
Those candidates who have passed their Matriculation examination AND have also passed three
year Diploma in any Trade from Punjab State Board of Technical Education & Industrial Training,
Chandigarh or such Examination from any other recognized State Board of Technical Education,
or Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Longowal.
BCA (Lateral Entry): It is a Under Graduate (UG) Programme of 2 years duration (4 semesters)
Eligibility: All those candidates who have passed Matriculation examination AND have also
passed 3 Year Diploma in any Trade from Punjab State Board of Technical Education & Industrial
Training, Chandigarh or such Examination from any other recognized State Board of Technical
Education, or Sant Longowal Institute of Engineering & Technology, Longowal.
Or
10+2 with 1 year Diploma in Computer Application / IT (or equivalent) from a recognized
University with Mathematics as course at 10+2 or DIT / DCA level.

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

INDUCTION PROGRAM
Induction program Three-week duration
(mandatory)

Induction program for • Physical activity

students to be offered right at • Creative Arts
the start of the first year. • Universal Human Values
• Literary
• Proficiency Modules

• Lectures by Eminent People

• Visits to local Areas

• Familiarization to Department/Branch
& Innovations

Mandatory Visits/ Workshop/Expert Lectures:

1. It is mandatory to arrange one industrial visit every semester for the students of
each branch.

2. It is mandatory to conduct a One-week workshop during the winter break after

fifth semester on professional/ industry/ entrepreneurial orientation.

3. It is mandatory to organize at least one expert lecture per semester for each
branch by inviting resource persons from domain specific industry.

For Summer Internship / Projects / Seminar etc.

1. Evaluation is based on work done, quality of report, performance in viva-voce,

presentation etc.

Note: The internal assessment is based on the student’s performance in mid

semester tests, quizzes, assignments, class performance, attendance, viva-voce
in practical, lab record etc.

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Semester wise Structure and Curriculum for UG Course in BCA

SEMESTER I

Marks
S. Course Course Load Distribution Total
Distribution Credit
No. Code Title Marks
L T P Internal External
3 WEEKS COMPULSORY INDUCTION PROGRAM

1 UGCC2501 Mathematics 3 0 0 40 60 100 3

2 UGSEC2501 Problem 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
Solving
Techniques
3 UGSEC2502 Problem 0 0 4 30 20 50 2
Solving
Techniques
Laboratory
4 UGCC2502 Computer 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
Architecture
5 UGCC2503 Office 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Automation
6 UGAEC2501 General 1 1 0 40 60 100 2
English - I
7 UGMDE2501 Indian 2 0 0 S/U NA NA 1
Knowledge
System^
8 UGVAC2501 Environmental 2 0 0 40 60 100 2
Science and
sustainability
9 UGAEC2502 Additional 1 1 0 S/U NA NA 1*
Course -
Indian or
Foreign
Language
Other than
Mother
Tongue and
English (1-1-
0)) [optional
course]*
TOTAL 15 2 6 260 340 600 18
Note: ^Indian Knowledge System: Indian Culture and Civilization Indian Vision for
Human Society Indian Science Indian Town Planning and Architecture Indian
Mathematics and Astronomy Indian Aesthetics Indian Health, Wellness

*Indian Languages: Sanskrit/Hindi/All Regional languages

Foreign Languages: (not limited to) Spanish/German/French/Korean/Mandarin etc.

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

SEMESTER II

Marks
S. Course Load Distribution Total
Distribution Credit
No. Code Course Title Marks
L T P Internal External
Fundamental of
1 UGCC2504 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
Statistics
Fundamental of
2 UGCC2505 Statistics 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Laboratory
Data Structures-
3 UGCC2506 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
I
Data Structures-
4 UGCC2507 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
I Laboratory
Operating
5 UGCC2508 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
Systems
Operating
6 UGCC2509 Systems 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Laboratory
Object Oriented
7 UGSEC2503 Programming 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
using C++
Object Oriented
Programming 0 2
8 UGSEC2504 0 30 20 50 1
using C++
Laboratory

Web
9 UGSEC2505 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
Technologies

Web
10 UGSEC2506 Technologies 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Laboratory

Indian
11 UGVAC2502 2 0 0 S/U NA NA 1
Constitution

Additional
Course - Indian
or
Foreign
Language Other
12 UGAEC2503 1 1 0 S/U NA NA 1*
than
Mother Tongue
and English (1-
1- 0)) [option al
course]*
TOTAL 18 1 10 350 400 750 22

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

*Indian Languages: Sanskrit/Hindi/All Regional languages

Foreign Languages: (not limited to) Spanish/German/French/Korean/Mandarin etc.

SEMESTER III
Marks
S. Load Distribution
Distribution Total Credi
No Course Code
Course Title Intern Extern Marks t
. L T P
al al

1 UGCC2510 Data Structure-II 3 0 0 40 60 100 3

2 UGCC2511 Data Structure-II Laboratory 0 0 2 30 20 50 1

Data Base Management
3 UGCC2512 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
System – I
Data Base Management
4 UGCC2513 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
System – I Laboratory
5 UGSEC2507 Python Programming 2 0 0 40 60 100 2
Python Programming
6 UGSEC2508 0 0 4 30 20 50 2
Laboratory
7 UGCC2514 Software Engineering 3 0 0 40 60 100 3

Software Engineering
8 UGCC2515 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Laboratory

9 Professional Elective – I 3 0 0 40 60 100 3

Professional Elective – I
10 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Laboratory

Yoga/Sports/NCC/NSS/
11 UGVAC2503 0 0 2 S/U NA NA 1
Disaster Management

1 1
TOTAL 0 350 400 750 21
3 4

* To be selected from the Proposed Streams with Discipline-Specific Electives -

Data Science / Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning / Full Stack
Development proposed by Universities as indicated at the appendix - I

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Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

SEMESTER IV

S. Course Load Distribution Marks Total Credit

No. Code Course Title Distribution Marks
L T P Internal External
1 UGCC2516 Entrepreneurship
and
1 1 0 40 60 100 2
Startup
Ecosystem
2 UGCC2517 Computer
3 0 0 40 60 100 3
Networks-I
3 UGCC2518 Computer
Networks-I 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Laboratory
4 UGCC2519 Design and
Analysis of 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
Algorithm
5 UGCC2520 Design and
Analysis of
0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Algorithm
Laboratory
6 UGCC2521 Artificial
3 0 0 40 60 100 3
Intelligence
7 UGCC2522 Artificial
Intelligence 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Laboratory
8 UGCC2523 Database
Management 3 0 0 40 60 100 3
System-II
9 UGCC2524 Database
Management
0 0 2 30 20 50 1
System-II
Laboratory
10
Professional
3 0 0 40 60 100 3
Elective – II

11 Professional
Elective – II 0 0 2 30 20 50 1
Laboratory
12 UGSEC2509 Design
Thinking and 1 0 0 S/U NA NA 1
Innovation

TOTAL 16 1 10 320 460 850 23

Note: At the end of the Fourth Semester every student shall undergo Summer
Training / Internship / Capstone for Four Weeks in the industry/Research or
Academic Institute. This component will be evaluated during the fifth semester.

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

SEMESTER V

S. Course Code Load Distribution Marks Total Credi

No Course Title Distribution Mark t
. L T P Intern Extern s
al al
1 UGCC2525 Computer 3 0 0 3
40 60 100
Networks-II
2 UGCC2526 Computer 0 0 2 1
Networks-II 30 20 50
Laboratory
3 Professional 3 0 0 3
40 60 100
Elective – III
4 Professional 0 0 2 1
Elective – III 30 20 50
Laboratory
5 Professional 3 0 2 3
40 60 100
Elective – IV
6 Professional 0 0 2 1
Elective – IV 30 20 50
Laboratory
7 Professional 3 0 0 3
40 60 100
Elective – V
8 Professional 0 0 2 1
Elective – V 30 20 50
Laboratory
9 UGSEC2510 Internship/capsto 0 0 2 1
60 40 100
ne Project
10 UGSEC2511 Minor Project 0 0 2 60 40 100 2
TOTAL 1 0 1 400 400 800
19
2 4

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

SEMESTER VI

S. Course Code Load Distribution Marks Total Credi

No Course Title Distribution Mark t
. L T P Interna Externa s
l l
1 UGCC252 Cyber 40 60 100
7 Security 2 0 0 2
2 Cyber
Security 30 20 50
UGCC2528 Laboratory 0 0 2 1
3 Professiona
l Elective – 40 60 100
VI 3 0 0 5
4 Professiona
l Elective –
30 20 50
VI
Laboratory 0 0 2 1
5 Professiona
l Elective – 40 60 100
VII 3 0 0 5
6 Professiona
l Elective –
30 20 50
VII
Laboratory 0 0 2 1
7 UGAEC2504 Soft Skills 1 0 0 S/U NA NA 1
8 Major
UGSEC2512 Project 0 0 4 120 80 200 4

TOTAL 9 0 1 330 320 650

20
0

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Appendix-I
Streams with Discipline-Specific Electives
(DSE)
Note: "The students shall select a Professional Elective based on their interest from one of the
following three streams and shall continue with the chosen stream in the subsequent
semesters."

1. Data Science
S.No Semester Course Code Professional Elective
1 III UGDSE101 Basics of Data Analytics using Spreadsheet
2 III UGDSE102 Basics of Data Analytics using Spreadsheet
Laboratory
3 IV UGDSE103 Data Visualization
4 IV UGDSE104 Data Visualization Laboratory
5 V UGDSE105 Introduction to Data Science
6 V UGDSE106 Introduction to Data Science Laboratory
7 V UGDSE107 Data Mining & Warehousing
8 V UGDSE108 Data Mining & Warehousing Laboratory
9 V UGDSE109 Data Security & Privacy
10 V UGDSE110 Data Security & Privacy Laboratory
11 VI UGDSE111 Big Data Analytics
12 VI UGDSE112 Big Data Analytics Laboratory
13 VI UGDSE113 Cloud Computing
14 VI UGDSE114 Cloud Computing Laboratory
2. Artificial Intelligence & Machine Learning
S.No Semester Course Code Professional Elective
1 III UGDSE201 Feature Engineering
2 III UGDSE202 Feature Engineering Laboratory
3 IV UGDSE203 Introduction to Machine Learning
4 IV UGDSE204 Introduction to Machine Learning Laboratory
5 V UGDSE205 Generative AI
6 V UGDSE206 Generative AI Laboratory
7 V UGDSE207 Digital Image Processing
8 V UGDSE208 Digital Image Processing Laboratory
9 V UGDSE209 Natural Language Processing
10 V UGDSE210 Natural Language Processing Laboratory
11 VI UGDSE211 Deep Learning for Computer Vision

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Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

12 VI UGDSE212 Deep Learning for Computer Vision Laboratory

13 VI UGDSE213 Explainable AI
14 VI UGDSE214 Explainable AI Laboratory
3. Full Stack Development
S.No Semester Course Code Professional Elective
1 III UGDSE301 Web Programming -I
2 III UGDSE302 Web Programming -I Laboratory
3 IV UGDSE303 Web Programming -II
4 IV UGDSE304 Web Programming -II Laboratory
5 V UGDSE305 Android Programming
6 V UGDSE306 Android Programming Laboratory
7 V UGDSE307 UI/UX Design
8 V UGDSE308 UI/UX Design Laboratory
9 V UGDSE309 Photo and Video Editing
10 V UGDSE310 Photo and Video Editing Laboratory
11 VI UGDSE311 Digital Marketing
12 VI UGDSE312 Digital Marketing Laboratory
13 VI UGDSE313 Search Engine Optimization
14 VI UGDSE314 Search Engine Optimization Laboratory

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

SEMESTER –I

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Mathematics
UGCC2501 Mathematics 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: Provide a basic understanding of fundamental mathematical concepts such as sets,
functions, matrix algebra, and discrete mathematics.
CO2: This course enables the students to use mathematical models and techniques to analyze
and understand problems in computer science.
CO3: This course demonstrates how the mathematical principles give succinct abstraction of
computer science problems and help them to efficiently analyze.

Course Content:

Unit-I
Set Introduction, Objectives, Representation of Sets (Roster Method, Set Builder Method), Types
of Sets (Null Set, Singleton Set, Finite Set, Infinite Set, Equal Set, Equivalent Set, Disjoint Set,
Subset, Proper Subset, Power Set, Universal Set) and Operation with Sets (Union of Set,
Intersection of Set, Difference of Set, Symmetric Difference of Set) Universal Sets, Complement
of a Set. [CO1][CO2]

Unit-II
Logic Statement, Connectives, Basic Logic Operations (Conjunction, Disjunction, Negation)
Logical Equivalence/Equivalent Statements, Tautologies and Contradictions.[CO3]

Unit -III
Matrices Introduction, Types of Matrix (Row Matrix, Column Matrix, Rectangular Matrix, Square
Matrix, Diagonal Matrix, Scalar Matrix, Unit Matrix, Null Matrix, Comparable Matrix, Equal
Matrix), Scalar Multiplication, Negative of Matrix, Addition of Matrix, Difference of two Matrix,
Multiplication of Matrices, Transpose of a Matrix. [CO2, CO3]

Unit-IV
Progressions Introduction, Arithmetic Progression, Sum of Finite number of quantities in A.P,
Arithmetic Means, Geometric Progression, Geometric Mean. [CO2, CO3]

Text Books
1. Discrete Mathematics and Its Applications by Kenneth H. Rosen, Mc Graw Hill, 6th
Edition. 2. College Mathematics, Schaum’s Series, TMH.
2. Kolman B., Busby R. and Ross S., Discrete Mathematical Structures, 6th Edition,
Pearson Education, 2015.
3. Deo Narsingh, Graph Theory with Application to Engineering and Computer Science,
Prentice Hall, India, 1979.
4. Vasishtha A. R. and Vasishtha A. K., Matrices, Krishna Prakashan, 2022.

Reference Books

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

1. Grimaldi Ralph P. and Ramana B. V., Discrete and Combinatorial Mathematics: An

Applied Introduction, Fifth Edition, Pearson Education, 2007.
2. Rosen Kenneth H. and Krithivasan Kamala, Discrete Mathematics and its Applications,
McGraw Hill, India, 2019.
3. West Douglas B., Introduction to Graph Theory, Second Edition, Pearson Education,
2015
Web Resources
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106103205
2. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/111101115
*****
Problem Solving Techniques

UGSEC2501 Problem Solving Techniques 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: Express the logical flow used in Programming.
CO2: Design algorithms for solving various real life problems
CO3: Implement programs using C.
CO4: Choose the right data type and statements for programs.
CO5: Explain various concepts of C programming language.

Prerequisite: This is an introductory programming course and hence no prerequisites

Course Content:
UNIT I: (CO-1, CO-2)
Logic Development: Data Representation, Flowcharts, Problem Analysis, Decision Trees/Tables,
Pseudo code and algorithms. Fundamentals: Character set, Identifiers and Key Words, Data types,
Constants, Variables, Expressions, Statements, Symbolic Constants. [CO1]

Operations and Expressions: Arithmetic operators, Unary operators, Relational Operators, Logical
Operators, Assignment and Conditional Operators, Library functions. [CO2]

UNIT II: (CO-2, CO-3, CO-4)

Data Input and Output: formatted & unformatted input output.
Control Statements: While, Do–while and For statements, Nested loops, If–else, Switch, Break –
Continue statements.

UNIT III: (CO-2, CO-3, CO-4)

Functions: Brief overview, defining, accessing functions, passing arguments to function, specifying
argument data types, function prototypes, recursion. [CO4]
Arrays: Defining, processing arrays, passing arrays to a function, multi–dimensional arrays.
Strings: String declaration, string functions and string manipulation Program Structure Storage Class:
Automatic, external and static variables. [CO3]

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

UNIT IV: (CO-2, CO-3, CO-4, CO-5)

Structures & Unions: Defining and processing a structure, user defined data types, structures and
pointers, passing structures to functions, unions.
Pointers: Understanding Pointers, Accessing the Address of a Variable, Declaration and Initialization
of Pointer Variables, Accessing a Variable through its Pointer, Pointers and Arrays
File Handling: File Operations, Processing a Data File [CO5]

Text Books:
1. Programming in ANSI C, E. Balagurusami, Fourth Edition, Tata McGraw Hill.
2. Programming in C, Third Edition, Stephen G Kochan, Pearson.
3. The C Programming Language, Kernighan & Richie, Second Edition, PHI Publication.

Reference Books:
1. Object Oriented Programming, Lafore R, Third Edition, Galgotia Publications
2. Let us C, Yashvant P Kanetkar, Seventh Edition, BPB Publications, New Delhi.
3. Programming in C, Byron S. Gottfried, Second Edition, McGraw Hills.
4. Problem Solving and Programming in C, R.S. Salaria, Second Edition
5. Programming in C, Atul Kahate.

******

Problem Solving Techniques Laboratory

UGSEC2502 Problem Solving Techniques 0L:0T:4P 2 Credits
Laboratory

Course Outcomes: After studying this course, students will be able to:
CO1: Select the right statement for the program.
CO2: Experiment with different input values.
CO3: Test the output with boundary conditions.
CO4: Distinguish between various control statements and data types.
CO5: Implement programs for various problems.

Instructions: Instructor can increase/decrease the experiments as per the requirement.

Assignments:
1. WRITE A PROGRAM to display your name. Write another program to print message with
inputted name.
2. WRITE A PROGRAM to add two numbers.
3. WRITE A PROGRAM to find the square of a given number.
4. WRITE A PROGRAM to calculate the average of three real numbers.
5. Write a program to Find ASCII Value of a Character
6. WRITE A PROGRAM to Find the Size of int, float, double and char
7. WRITE A PROGRAM to Compute Quotient and Remainder
8. WRITE A PROGRAM to accept the values of two variables.
9. WRITE A PROGRAM to find the simple interest, inputs are amount, period in years and rate of
interest.
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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

10. Basic salary of an employee is input through the keyboard. The DA is 25% of the basic salary
while the HRA is 15% of the basic salary. Provident Fund is deducted at the rate of 10% of the
gross salary(BS+DA+HRA). WRITE A PROGRAM to calculate the net salary
11. WRITE A PROGRAM to find area of a circle using PI as constant
12. WRITE A PROGRAM to find volume of a cube using side as input from user
13. WRITE A PROGRAM using various unformatted Input Functions
14. WRITE A PROGRAM to find area of rectangle and print the result using unformatted output
Functions
15. WRITE A PROGRAM to find the larger of two numbers.
16. WRITE A PROGRAM to find greater of three numbers using Nested If.
17. WRITE A PROGRAM to find whether the given number is even or odd.
18. WRITE A PROGRAM to Generate Multiplication Table Using for loop
19. WRITE A PROGRAM to Generate Multiplication Table Using while loop
20. WRITE A PROGRAM to Make a Simple Calculator Using switch...case
21. WRITE A PROGRAM to find whether the given number is a prime number.
22. WRITE A PROGRAM using function to find the largest of three numbers
23. WRITE A PROGRAM using function to print first 20 numbers and its squares.
24. WRITE A PROGRAM to find the factorial of a given number.
25. WRITE A PROGRAM to print the sum of two matrices
26. WRITE A PROGRAM to Find the Length of a String
27. WRITE A PROGRAM to Copy String using strcpy()
28. WRITE A PROGRAM to compare a string
29. WRITE A PROGRAM to reverse a string
30. WRITE A PROGRAM to reverse a string
31. WRITE A PROGRAM to multiply two numbers using pointers.
32. WRITE A PROGRAM to display address of variable using pointers
33. WRITE A PROGRAM to show the memory occupied by Structure and Union
34. WRITE A PROGRAM to create Student I-Card using a Structure
35. WRITE A PROGRAM to read data from a file from a file
36. WRITE A PROGRAM to save Employee details in a file using File Handling

******

Computer Architecture

UGCC2502 Computer Architecture 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives

CO1: Identify the various internal and peripheral components of computer system
CO2: Categorize different number system.
CO3: Outline the role of various components of computer system.
CO4: Identify micro-operations.
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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

CO5: Comment on the design of Combinational & Sequential circuits

Course Content:

UNIT-I
Logic Gates: AND, OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR, XNOR, NAND & NOR as Universal Gates,
Logic Gates Applications.[CO5]
Boolean Algebra: Introduction, Theorems, Simplification of Boolean Expression using Boolean
Algebra, SOP & POS Forms, Realization of Boolean Expression using Gates, K-Maps, Simplification
of Boolean Expression using K-Maps. [CO2]

UNIT-II
Combinational Logic Circuits: Half Adder & Half Subtractor, Full Adder & Full Subtractor, Parallel
Binary Adder, Binary Adder/Subtractor. [CO4]
Combinational Logic Circuits: Multiplexers & Demultiplexers, Implementation of Boolean equations
using Multiplexer and Demultiplexer, Encoders & Decoders.

UNIT-III
Sequential Logic Circuits: Latch, Flip Flops- R-S Flip-Flop, J-K Flip-Flop, Race Around Condition,
Removing Race Around Condition, Master-Slave J-K Flip-Flop, D Flip-Flop, T Flip-Flop,
Applications of Flip-Flops. [CO3]

UNIT-IV
Introduction to Computer Organization: Introduction to Computer and CPU (Computer Organization,
Computer Design and Computer Architecture), Stored Program Concept- Von Neumann Architecture,
Harvard Architecture, RISC and CISC Architecture. [CO1]
Register Transfer and Micro operations- Introduction to Registers, Instruction Format, Types of
Instructions- Memory Reference Instructions, Register Reference Instructions and Input-Output
Instructions.
Common Bus System: Introduction to Common Bus System, Types of Buses (Data Bus, Control Bus,
Address Bus), 16-bit

Text Books:
1. Computer System Architecture, M.M. Mano, Third Edition, PHI.
2. Digital Computer Electronics, Malvino, Second Edition, Mc-Graw Hill.
3. Modern Digital Electronics, R. P. Jain, Fourth Edition, TMH.

Reference Books:
1. Computer Organization and Architecture, Stallings, Eighth Edition, PHI.
2. Computer Organization and Architecture, J.P.Hayes, Third Edition, TMH.
3. Digital and Electronic Circuits, T. C. Bartee, McGraw Hill.
4. Digital Fundamentals, Floyd, Ninth Edition, PHI.
5. Digital Integrated Electronics, Taub & Schilling, Eighth Edition, Mc-Graw Hill.

******
*

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Office Automation
UGCC2503 Office Automation 0L:0T:2P 1 Credit

Course Objectives:

CO1: To Familiarizing with Open Office (Word processing, Spreadsheets and Presentation).
CO2: To acquire knowledge on editor, spread sheet and presentation software.
CO3: To make students perform documentation and accounting operations.
CO4: To make students can learn how to perform presentation skills.

Course Content:

Word Orientation:
The instructor needs to give an overview of word processor. Details of the four tasks and
features that would be covered Using word – Accessing, overview of toolbars, saving files,
Using help and resources, rulers, format painter.
1. Using word to create Resume
Features to be covered: - Formatting Fonts in word, Drop Cap in word,
Applying Text effects, Using Character Spacing, Borders and Colors,
Inserting Header and Footer, Using Date and Time option in Word.
2. Creating an Assignment
Features to be covered: - Formatting Styles, Inserting table, Bullets and
Numbering, Changing Text Direction, Cell alignment, Footnote,
Hyperlink, Symbols, Spell Check, Track Changes.
3. Creating a Newsletter
Features to be covered :- Table of Content, Newspaper columns, Images
from files and clipart, Drawing toolbar and Word Art, Formatting Images,
Textboxes and Paragraphs
4. Creating a Feedback form
Features to be covered :- Forms, Text Fields, Inserting objects, Mail Merge
in Word.
Excel Orientation:
The instructor needs to tell the importance of Excel as a Spreadsheet tool, give the details
of the four tasks and features that would be covered Excel – Accessing, overview of
toolbars, saving excel files,
1. Creating a Scheduler
Features to be covered :- Gridlines, Format Cells, Summation, auto fill,
Formatting Text
2. Calculations
Features to be covered :- Cell Referencing, Formulae in excel – average,
std.deviation, Charts, Renaming and Inserting worksheets, Hyper linking,
Count function, LOOKUP/VLOOKUP
3. Performance Analysis
Features to be covered :- Split cells, freeze panes, group and outline,
Sorting, Boolean and logical operators, Conditional formatting
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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

4. Game (like Cricket, badminton) Score Card

Features to be covered :- Pivot Tables, Interactive Buttons, Importing Data,
Data Protection, Data Validation
Presentation Orientation:
Students will be working on basic power point utilities and tools which help them create
basic power point presentation.
1. Topic covered includes :- PPT Orientation, Slide Layouts, Inserting Text,
Word Art, Formatting Text, Bullets and Numbering, Auto Shapes, Lines
and Arrows
2. This session helps students in making their presentations interactive.
Topics covered includes : Hyperlinks, Inserting –Images, Clip Art, Audio,
Video, Objects, Tables and Charts
3. Concentrating on the in and out of Microsoft power point. Helps them learn
best practices in designing and preparing power point presentation.
Topics covered includes: - Master Layouts (slide, template, and notes),
Types of views (basic, presentation, slide slotter, notes etc), Inserting –
Background, textures, Design Templates, Hidden slides. Auto content
wizard, Slide Transition, Custom Animation, Auto Rehearsing
4. Power point test would be conducted. Students will be given model power
point presentation which needs to be replicated
Internet and its Applications:
The instructor needs to tell the how to configure Web Browser and to use search engines
by defining search criteria using Search Engines
1. To learn to setup an e-mail account and send and receive e-mails
2. To learn to subscribe/post on a blog and to use torrents for accelerated
downloads
3. Hands on experience in online banking and Making an online payment for
any domestic bill

Reference Books:

1. IT Tools, R.K. Jain, Khanna Publishing House.

2. Introduction to Information Technology, ITL Education Solutions limited, Pearson Education.
3. Introduction to information technology, Turban, Rainer and Potter, John Wiley and Sons.
4. Problem Solving Cases in Microsoft Excel, Joseph Brady & Ellen F Monk, Thomson Learning.

******

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

General English – I

UGAEC2501 General English - I 1L:1T:0P 2 Credits

Course Objective:
1. To provide learning environment to practice listening, speaking, reading and writing skills.
2. To assist the students to carry on the tasks and activities through guided instructions and
materials.
3. To effectively integrate English language learning with employability skills and training.
4. To provide hands-on experience through case-studies, mini-projects, group and individual
presentations.

Course Content:
Unit- I: Vocabulary Building
The concept of Word Formation, Root words from foreign languages and their use in English,
Acquaintance with prefixes and suffixes from foreign languages in English to form derivatives,
Synonyms, antonyms, and standard abbreviations.
Unit-II: Basic Writing Skills
Sentence Structures, Use of phrases and clauses in sentences, Importance of proper
punctuation, Creating coherence, Organizing principles of paragraphs in documents,
Techniques for writing precisely
Unit- III: Identifying Common Errors in Writing
Subject-verb agreement, Noun-pronoun agreement, Misplaced modifiers, Articles,
Prepositions, Redundancies
Unit- IV: Nature and Style of sensible Writing
Describing, Defining, Classifying, providing examples or evidence, writing introduction and
conclusion, Module V: Writing Practices, Comprehension, Précis Writing, Essay Writing
Unit-V: Oral Communication (This Module involves interactive practice sessions in
Language Lab)
Listening Comprehension, Pronunciation, Intonation, Stress and Rhythm, Common Everyday
Situations: Conversations and Dialogues, Communication at Workplace, Interviews, Formal
Presentations
Unit- VI: Oral Communication (This Module involves interactive practice sessions in
Language Lab)
Listening Comprehension, Pronunciation, Intonation, Stress and Rhythm, Common Everyday
Situations: Conversations and Dialogues, Communication at Workplace, Interviews, Formal
Presentations

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Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Text/Reference Books:
1. AICTE’s Prescribed Textbook: Communication Skills in English (with Lab Manual),
Anjana Tiwari, Khanna Book Publishing Co., 2023.
2. Effective Communication Skills. Kul Bhushan Kumar, Khanna Book Publishing, 2022.
3. Practical English Usage. Michael Swan. OUP. 1995.
4. Remedial English Grammar. F.T. Wood. Macmillan.2007
5. On Writing Well. William Zinsser. Harper Resource Book. 2001
6. Study Writing. Liz Hamp-Lyons and Ben Heasly. Cambridge University Press. 2006.
7. Communication Skills. Sanjay Kumar and PushpLata. Oxford University Press. 2011.
8. Exercises in Spoken English. Parts. I-III. CIEFL, Hyderabad. Oxford University
Press.

Alternative NPTEL/SWAYAM Course:

S.No. NPTEL/SWAYAM Course Instructor Host Institute
Name

1 English language for Prof. Aysha iqbal IIT MADRAS

competitive exams

2 Technical English for engineers Prof. Aysha iqbal IITM

Course Outcomes: The student will acquire basic proficiency in English including reading
and listening comprehension, writing and speaking skills
********

Indian Knowledge System

UGMDE2501 Indian Knowledge System 2L:0T:0P 1 Credits

*For Detailed Course Refer APPENDIX – II

********
Environmental Science and Sustainability
UGVAC2501 Environmental Science and Sustainability 2L:0T:0P 2 Credits

Course description:
This course aims to familiarize students with fundamental environmental concepts and their
relevance to business operations, preparing them to address forthcoming sustainability
challenges. It is designed to equip students with the knowledge and skills needed to make
decisions that account for environmental consequences, fostering environmentally sensitive
and responsible future managers. The course content is divided into four comprehensive units.
Unit 1 introduces basic environmental principles, the man-environment relationship, and
sustainability issues.
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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Unit 2 focuses on ecosystems, biodiversity, and sustainable practices.

Unit 3 addresses environmental pollution, waste management, and sustainable development
strategies. Finally,
Unit 4 explores social issues, environmental legislation, and practical applications through
hands-on fieldwork. Through this holistic approach, students will gain a deep understanding
of environmental processes, the importance of sustainable practices, and their role in
promoting sustainability within business contexts.

Course Objective(s):
1. This course aims to familiarize students with basic environmental concepts, their
relevance to business operations, and forthcoming sustainability challenges.
2. This course will equip students to make decisions that consider environmental
consequences.
3. This course will enable future business graduates to become environmentally sensitive
and responsible managers.

Course Content:

Unit 1: Understanding Environment, Natural Resources, and Sustainability

Fundamental environmental concepts and their relevance to business operations; Components
and segments of the environment, the man-environment relationship, and historical
environmental movements. Concept of sustainability; Classification of natural resources,
issues related to their overutilization, and strategies for their conservation. Sustainable
practices in managing resources, including deforestation, water conservation, energy security,
and food security issues. The conservation and equitable use of resources, considering both
intergenerational and intergenerational equity, and the importance of public awareness and
education.

Unit 2: Ecosystems, Biodiversity, and Sustainable Practices

Various natural ecosystems, learning about their structure, functions, and ecological
characteristics. The importance of biodiversity, the threats it faces, and the methods used for
its conservation. Ecosystem resilience, homeostasis, and carrying capacity, emphasizing the
need for sustainable ecosystem management. Strategies for in situ and ex situ conservation,
nature reserves, and the significance of India as a mega diverse nation.

Unit 3: Environmental Pollution, Waste Management, and Sustainable Development

Various types of environmental pollution, including air, water, noise, soil, and marine pollution,
and their impacts on businesses and communities. Causes of pollution, such as global climate
change, ozone layer depletion, the greenhouse effect, and acid rain, with a particular focus on
pollution episodes in India. Importance of adopting cleaner technologies; Solid waste
management; Natural and man-made disasters, their management, and the role of businesses
in mitigating disaster impacts.

Unit 4: Social Issues, Legislation, and Practical Applications

Dynamic interactions between society and the environment, with a focus on sustainable
development and environmental ethics. Role of businesses in achieving sustainable

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Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

development goals and promoting responsible consumption. Overview of key environmental

legislation and the judiciary's role in environmental protection, including the Water (Prevention
and Control of Pollution) Act of 1974, the Environment (Protection) Act of 1986, and the Air
(Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act of 1981. Environmental justice, environmental
refugees, and the resettlement and rehabilitation of affected populations; Ecological
economics, human population growth, and demographic changes in India.

Readings:

Text Books (Latest Editions):

● Poonia, M.P. Environmental Studies (3rd ed.), Khanna Book Publishing Co.
● Bharucha, E. Textbook of Environmental Studies (3rd ed.) Orient Blackswan Private Ltd.
● Dave, D., & Katewa, S. S. Text Book of Environmental Studies. Cengage Learning India Pvt
Ltd.
● Rajagopalan, R. Environmental studies: from crisis to cure (4th ed.). Oxford University Press.
● Miller, G.T. & Spoolman S. Living in the Environment. (20th ed.). Cengage.
● Basu, M., & Xavier Savarimuthu, S. J. Fundamentals of environmental studies. Cambridge
University Press.
● Roy, M. G. Sustainable Development: Environment, Energy and Water Resources. Ane Books.
● Pritwani, K. Sustainability of business in the context of environmental management. CRC
Press.
● Wright, R.T. & Boorse, D.F. Environmental Science: Toward A Sustainable Future (13th ed,).
Pearson.

References

Web links:
● https://www.ourplanet.com
● https://www.undp.org/content/undp/en/home/sustainable-development-goals.html
● www.myfootprint.org
● https://www.globalchange.umich.edu/globalchange1/current/lectures/kling/ecosystem
/ecosystem.html

Course Outcome(s):

1. Explore the basic environmental concepts and issues relevant to the business and
management field.
2. Recognize the interdependence between environmental processes and socio-economic
dynamics.
3. Determine the role of business decisions, policies, and actions in minimizing
environmental degradation.
4. Identify possible solutions to curb environmental problems caused by managerial
actions.
5. Develop skills to address immediate environmental concerns through changes in
business operations, policies, and decisions.
******
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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

SEMESTER –II

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Fundamental of Statistics
UGCC2504 Fundamental of Statistics 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Prerequisite: Students must have the basic knowledge of mathematic terms.

Co requisite: NA
Additional material required in ESE: Minimum two exercises of each concept will be recorded
in the file and the file will be submitted in End Semester Examinations.

Course Outcomes: After studying this course, students will be able to:

CO1: Highlight the need of studying & analyzing numbers.

CO2: Identify visualization tools for representing data.
CO3: Describe various statistical formulas.
CO4: Compute various statistical measures.
CO5: Compare result of different statistical measures.

Course Content:

UNIT I:
Statistics and Probability: Introduction to Statistics – Origin of Statistics, Features of Statistics, Scope
of Statistics, Functions of Statics, Uses and importance of Statistics, Limitation of Statistics, Distrust of
Statistics
Collection of Data: Introduction to Collection of Data, Primary and Secondary Data, Methods of
Collecting Primary Data, Methods of Secondary Data, Statistical Errors, Rounding off Data
(Approximation). [CO1]

UNIT II:
Classification of Data Frequency Distribution: Introduction Classification of Data, Objectives of
Classification, Methods of Classification, Ways to Classify Numerical Data or Raw Data.
Tabular, Diagrammatic and Graphic Presentation of Data: Introduction to Tabular Presentation of
Data, Objectives of Tabulation, Components of a Statistical Table, General Rules for the Construction
of a Table, Types of Tables, Introduction to Diagrammatic Presentation of Data, Advantage and
Disadvantage of Diagrammatic Presentation, Types of Diagrams, Introduction to Graphic Presentation
of Data, Advantage and Disadvantage of Graphic Presentation, Types of Graphs. [CO2]

UNIT III:
Measures of Central tendency: Introduction to Central Tendency, Purpose and Functions of Average,
Characteristics of a Good Average, Types of Averages, Meaning of Arithmetic Mean, Calculation of
Arithmetic Mean, Merit and Demerits of Arithmetic Mean, Meaning of Median, Calculation of Median,
Merit and Demerits of Median, Meaning of Mode, Calculation of Mode, Merit and Demerits of Mode,
Harmonic Mean- Properties- Merit and Demerits. [CO3]

UNIT IV:
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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Measures of Dispersion: Meaning of Dispersion, Objectives of Dispersion, Properties of a good Measure

of Dispersion, Methods of Measuring Dispersion, Range Introduction, Calculation of Range , Merit and
Demerits of Range, Mean Deviation, Calculation of Mean Deviation , Merit and Demerits of Mean
Deviation, Standard Deviation Meaning, Calculation of Standard Deviation , Merit and Demerits of
Standard Deviation, Coefficient of Variation, Calculation of Coefficient Variance, Merit and Demerits
of Coefficient of Variation. [CO4] [CO5]

Text Books:
1. Statistics and Data Analysis, A.Abebe, J. Daniels, J.W.Mckean, December 2000.
2. Statistics, Tmt. S. EzhilarasiThiru, 2005, Government of Tamilnadu.
3. Introduction to Statistics, David M. Lane.
4. Weiss, N.A., Introductory Statistics. Addison Wesley, 1999.
5. Clarke, G.M. & Cooke, D., A Basic course in Statistics. Arnold, 1998.

Reference Books:
1. Banfield J.(1999), Rweb: Web-based Statistical Analysis, Journal of Statistical Software.
2. Bhattacharya,G.K. and Johnson, R.A.(19977), Statistical Concepts and Methods, New York, John
Wiley & Sons.

E-Books/ Online learning material

1. http://onlinestatbook.com/Online_Statistics_Education.pdf
2. https://textbookcorp.tn.gov.in/Books/12/Std12-Stat-EM.pdf
3. https://3lihandam69.files.wordpress.com/2015/10/introductorystatistics.pdf

******

Fundamental of Statistics Laboratory

UGCC2505 Fundamental of Statistics Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Prerequisite: Students must have the knowledge of Spreadsheet.

Co requisite: The students will develop analytical behavior & will have better understanding of
analyzing data and testing hypotheses.
Additional material required in ESE: Minimum two exercises of each concept will be recorded in
the file and the file will be submitted in End Semester Examinations.

Course Outcomes: After studying this course, students will be able to:
CO1: Create Frequency table and Graphs for data representation.
CO2: Apply various statistical operations using statistical tool like excel.
CO3: Compute various statistical measures using statistical tool like excel.
CO4: Analyze real life data using statistical tool
CO5: Prepare data in different formats and styles

Instructions: Sample exercises are given below and Instructor can increase or decrease the
experiments as per the requirement. Programs for all the experiments must be written using any
programming language. Also a spreadsheet tool should be used to visualize the results.
1: Display the Maximum and Minimum market data.
2: Display year wise strength of the students of a college in Tabular form & Graphical form.

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

3: Calculate the average marks of the students of your College.

4: Print measure of Central Tendency using grouped and ungrouped data.
5: Construct & print frequency distribution using data with the following Techniques:
a) Histogram b) Frequency Polygon
c) Frequency Curve d) Ogive curves.
6: Find out & display the Median and Mode from the following series by using suitable method:
Class 156-158 158-160 160-162 162-164 164-166
Frequency 4 8 28 51 89
7: Calculate an appropriate measure of dispersion using grouped and ungrouped data.
8: Make an array and calculate range of the data.
9: Represent the placement record of the students of your college.
10: Calculate & display Letter Grade using spreadsheet.
11: Represent the following data by suitable graphs, determine therefrom the number of children
having IQ (i) Below 105 (ii) Above 124.
IQ 75-84 85-94 95-104 105-114 115-124 125-134
No. of Children8 20 45 54 28 16

Reference Books:
1. Statistics for Economics, TR Jain, VK Ohri.
2. Statistics and Data Analysis, A.Abebe, J. Daniels, J.W.Mckean, December 2000.

E-Books/ Online learning material

1. https://www.meritnation.com/cbse-class-11-commerce/economics/class_13_tr_jain.
2.http://college.cengage.com/mathematics/brase/understandable_statistics/9780618949922_ch03.p
df
3. http://www.rockcreekschools.org/pages/uploaded_files/Excel%201%20Lab%20Exercises.pdf

******

Data Structures- I

UGCC2506 Data Structures- I 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: Describe the fundamental concepts of Data Structures and their applications.
CO2: Develop problem-solving skills using Data Structures.
CO3: Implement linear Data Structures.
Prerequisite:
1. Programming Fundamentals: Understanding the basic syntax and semantics of C
programming language.
2. Problem-Solving Skills: Ability to break down a problem into smaller steps and devise a
step-by-step solution and familiarity with simple algorithms.

Course Content:
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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

UNIT I:
Introduction and Overview: Definition, Classification and Operations of Data Structures.
Algorithms: Complexity, Asymptomatic Notations, Time-Space Trade off.
Arrays: Definition and Classification of Arrays, Representation of Linear Arrays in Memory,
Operations on Linear Arrays: Traversing, Inserting, Deleting.

Two-Dimensional Arrays, Representation of Two Dimensional Arrays in Memory, Matrices

and Sparse Matrices, Multi-Dimensional Arrays.

UNIT II:
Linked Lists: Definition, Comparison with Arrays, Representation, Types of Linked lists,
Traversing, Inserting, Deleting and Searching in Singly Linked List, Doubly Linked List and
Circular Linked List. Applications of Linked Lists.

UNIT III:
Stacks: Definition, Representation of Stacks using Arrays and Linked List, Operations on
Stacks, Application of Stacks: Arithmetic Expressions, Polish Notation, Conversion of Infix
Expression to Postfix Expression, Evaluation of Postfix Expression.
Recursion: Definition, Recursive Notation, Runtime Stack, Applications of Recursion:
Factorial of Number, GCD, Fibonacci Series and Towers of Hanoi.

UNIT IV:
Queues: Definition, Representation of Queues using Array and Linked List, Types of Queue:
Simple Queue, Circular Queue, Double-Ended queue, Priority Queue, Operations on Simple
Queues and Circular Queues using Array and Linked List, Applications of Queues.

Text Books
1. R.B. Patel, “Expert Data Structures with C”, Khanna Book Publishing Company, 2023
(AICTE Recommended Textbook)
2. Seymour Lipschutz, “Data Structures with C”, Schaum’s Outlines, Tata McGraw-Hill,
2011.
3. Yashavant Kanetkar, "Data Structures Through C", 4th Edition, BPB Publications,
2022.
Reference Books
1. Reema Thareja, “Data Structures Using C", Second Edition, Oxford University Press,
2014.
2. Ellis Horowitz, Sartaj Sahni, and Susan Anderson-Freed, "Fundamentals of Data
Structures in C", Second Edition, Universities Press, 2007.
Web Resources GeeksforGeeks - Data Structures Tutorial

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

1. Khan Academy - Algorithms Course

******
Data Structures- I Laboratory
UGCC2507 Data Structures- I 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits
Laboratory

Lab Programs:
1. Write a program for insertion and deletion operations in an array.
2. Write a program to add and subtract two matrices.
3. Write a program to multiply two matrices.
4. Write a program to insert an element into a Singly Linked List:
(a) At the beginning
(b) At the end
(c) At a specified position
5. Write a program to delete an element from a Singly Linked List:
(a) At the beginning
(b) At the end
(c) A specified element
6. Write a program to perform the following operations in a Doubly Linked List:
(a) Create
(b) Search for an element
7. Write a program to perform the following operations in a Circular Linked List:
(a) Create
(b) Delete an element from the end
8. Write a program to implement PUSH and POP operations in stack using an array.
9. Write a program to implement stack operations using a linked list.
10. Write a program to evaluate a postfix expression using a stack.
11. Write a program to find factorial of a number using recursion.
12. Write a program to implement simple queue operations using an array.
13. Write a program to implement circular queue operations using an array.
14. Write a program to implement circular queue operations using a linked list.

******

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Operating Systems

UGCC2508 Operating Systems 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Content:

UNIT I:
Operating Systems Overview: Definition, Evaluation of O.S, Components & Services of OS,
Structure, Architecture, types of Operating Systems, Batch Systems, Concepts of
Multiprogramming and Time Sharing, Parallel, Distributed and real time Systems.
Operating Systems Structures: Operating system services and systems calls, system
programs, operating system structure, operating systems generations.

UNIT II:
Process Management: Process Definition, Process states, Process State transitions, Process
Scheduling, Process Control Block, Threads, Concept of multithreads, Benefits of threads,
Types of threads.
Process Scheduling: Definition, Scheduling objectives, Scheduling algorithms, CPU
scheduling Preemptive and Non-preemptive Scheduling algorithms (FCFS, SJF and RR),
Performance evaluation of the scheduling Algorithms

UNIT III:
Process Synchronization: Introduction, Inter-process Communication, Race Conditions,
Critical Section Problem, Mutual Exclusion, Semaphores, Monitors.
Deadlocks: System model, deadlock characterization, deadlock prevention, avoidance,
Banker’s algorithm, Deadlock detection, and recovery from deadlocks.

UNIT IV:
Memory Management: Logical and Physical address map, Swapping, Memory allocation,
MFT, MVT, Internal and External fragmentation and Compaction, Paging, Segmentation.
Virtual Memory: Demand paging, Page Replacement algorithms, Allocation of frames,
thrashing.
I/O Management: Principles of I/O Hardware: Disk structure, Disk scheduling algorithms.

Text Books:
1. Ekta Walia, Operating Systems Concepts, Khanna Publishing House, 2022 (AICTE
Recommended Textbook)
2. Abraham Silberschatz, Peter Baer Galvin, Greg Gagne (2006), Operating System
Principles, 7th edition OR Later edition, Wiley India Private Limited, New Delhi.
3. Stallings (2006), Operating Systems, Internals and Design Principles, 5th edition,
Pearson Education, India.

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Reference Books:
1. Andrew S Tanenbaum, Modern Operating Systems, Third Edition, Prentice Hall India.
2. Sumitabha Das, UNIX Concepts and Applications, 4th Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill.

Course Outcomes (COs):

At the end of the course, students will be able to:
CO1: Explain the fundamentals of the operating system.
CO2: Comprehend multithreaded programming, CPU scheduling, process
management, process synchronization, memory, deadlocks, and storage management.
CO3: Compare the performance of CPU scheduling algorithms CO4: Identify the
features of I/O and File handling methods.

*******

Operating Systems Laboratory

UGCC2509 Operating Systems Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

List of experiments
1. Write C program to simulate the FCFS CPU Scheduling algorithm.
2. Write C program to simulate the SJF CPU Scheduling algorithm.
3. Write C program to simulate the Round Robin CPU Scheduling algorithm.
4. Write a C program to simulate Bankers Algorithm for Deadlock Avoidance.
5. Write a C program to implement the Producer – Consumer problem using semaphores.
6. Write a C program to illustrate the IPC mechanism using Pipes.
7. Write a C program to illustrate the IPC mechanism using FIFOs.
8. Write a C program to simulate Paging memory management technique.
9. Write a C program to simulate Segmentation memory management technique.
10. Write a C program to simulate the Best Fit contiguous memory allocation technique.
11. Write a C program to simulate the First Fit contiguous memory allocation technique.
12. Write a C program to simulate the concept of Dining-Philosophers problem.
13. Write a C program to simulate the MVT algorithm.
14. Write a C program to implement FIFO page replacement technique.
15. Write a C program to write a C program for implementing sequential file allocation method.

Course Outcomes (COs):

CO1: To implement scheduling of algorithms.

CO2: Understanding the concept of critical section problems.
CO3: Concepts of file allocation of frames.
CO4: Concept of Page replacement algorithms.

*******

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Object Oriented Programming using C++

UGSEC2503 Object Oriented Programming 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

using C++

Course Outcomes

CO1: Outline the role of programming for solving real world problems.
CO2: Explain Object oriented approach for finding Solutions to various problems with the help of
C++ language.
CO3: Implement computer based solutions to various real-world problems using C++
CO4: Select the right Object Oriented Concept for optimal solution.
CO5: Review different solutions for a common problem.

Prerequisite: Knowledge of Problem Solving Techniques using C programming language

Course Content:

UNIT I:
Principles of object oriented programming
Introduction to OOP and its basic features, Basic components of a C++, Program and program structure,
Compiling and Executing C++ Program. Difference between Procedure Oriented Language(C) and
Object Oriented Language [CO1]

UNIT II:
Classes & Objects and Concept of Constructors
Defining classes, Defining member functions, Declaration of objects to class, Access to member
variables from objects, Different forms of member functions, Access specifiers (Private, public,
protected), Array of objects. Introduction to constructors, Parameterized constructors, Copy
Constructor, Multiple constructors in class, Dynamic initialization of objects, Destructors.[CO2]

UNIT III:
Inheritance
Introduction to Inheritance, Mode of Inheritance, Types of inheritance: - Single inheritance, Multiple
inheritance, Multilevel inheritance, Hierarchical inheritance, Hybrid inheritance, Function over
riding[CO3]

UNIT IV:
Polymorphism and File Handling
Early Binding, Late Binding, Function overloading, Defining operator overloading, Overloading of
Unary and Binary operators, Rules for overloading operators, Virtual Functions, pure virtual functions,
Abstract Classes. [CO5]

Opening and Closing File, Reading and Writing a file.

Text Books:
1. Object Oriented Programming with C++, E. Balagurusami, Fourth Edition, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

2. Object Oriented Programming in Turbo C++, Robert Lafore, Fourth Edition Galgotia Publications.
3. The C++ Programming Language, Bjarna Stroustrup, Third Edition, Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company.
4. Object Oriented Programming Using C++, Salaria, R. S, Fourth Edition, Khanna Book Publishing.

*******

Object Oriented Programming using C++ Laboratory

UGSEC2504 Object Oriented Programming 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

using C++ Laboratory

Course Outcomes:

CO1: Design the classes.

CO2: Illustrate the concept of memory representation for objects

CO3: Implement programs using OOP concepts for various problems.

CO4: Implement file handling in C++

CO5: Select the right data types to represent class properties

List of Practical:
1. Write a program to enter mark of 6 different subjects and find out the total mark (Using cin and
cout statement)
2. Write a function using reference variables as arguments to swap the values of pair of integers.
3. Write a function to find largest of three numbers.
4. Write a program to find the factorial of a number.
5. Define a class to represent a bank account which includes the following members as Data
members:
a) Name of the depositor b) Account Number c) Withdrawal amount d) Balance amount in the
account
Member Functions:
a) To assign initial values b)To deposit an amount c) To withdraw an amount after checking the
balance d) To display name and balance.
6. Write the above program for handling n number of account holders using array of objects.
7. Write a C++ program to compute area of right angle triangle, equilateral triangle, isosceles
triangle using function overloading concept.
8. Consider a publishing company that markets both book and audio cassette version to its works.
Create a class Publication that stores the title (a string) and price (type float) of a publication.
Derive the following two classes from the above Publication class: Book which adds a page count
(int) and Tape which adds a playing time in minutes(float). Each class should have get_data()
function to get its data from the user at the keyboard. Write the main() function to test the Book

34
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

and Tape classes by creating instances of them asking the user to fill in data with get_data() and
then displaying it using put_data().
9. Consider an example of declaring the examination result. Design three classes student, exam
and result. The student has data members such as rollno, name. Create the lass exam by inheriting
the student class. The exam class adds data members representing the marks scored in 5 subjects.
Derive the result from exam-class and it has own data members like total, avg.
10. Write a program for overloading of Unary ++ operator.
11. Write a program for overloading of Binary + operator.
12. Write a program of Virtual Functions.
13. Write a program of Abstract Classes.
14. Write a program to read and write from file.
15. Write a program to copy the contents of one file into another file.

Reference Books:
1. Object Oriented Programming with C++, E. Balagurusami, Fourth Edition, Tata Mc-Graw Hill.
2. Object Oriented Programming in Turbo C++, Robert Lafore, Fourth Edition Galgotia Publications.
3. The C++ Programming Language, Bjarna Stroustrup, Third Edition, Addison-Wesley Publishing
Company.
4. Object Oriented Programming Using C++, Salaria, R. S, Fourth Edition, Khanna Book Publishing.

******

Web Technologies
UGSEC2505 Web Technologies 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Prerequisite: Student must have the basic knowledge of any text editor like notepad, notepad++ and
Edit plus etc.
Co requisite: Student must know the background of Markup Language.
Additional material required in ESE:
➢ Demonstration of the website of college/ specific department/specific cells etc. will be presented
by the students during the final practical.
➢ Developed Website/s must be made online by the student/s.
➢ Printouts of the Main Page of the website must be arranged on Practical file during daily lab work
and must be submitted in the final examinations.

Course Outcomes: The students will be able to:

CO1: Create pages with simple tags in HTML
CO2: Design webpages with multiple sections or frames
CO3: Explain how to link webpages through hypertext or images a links
CO4: Outline the key web designing concepts using java script
CO5: Design forms with special controls using HTML

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Course Content:

Unit I:
Internet Basics
Basic concepts, communicating on the internet, internet domains, internet server identities, establishing
connectivity on the internet client IP address.
Introduction To HTML
Information Files Creation, Web Server, Web Client/Browser, Hyper Text Markup Language (HTML
Tags, Paired Tags, Singular Tags), Commonly Used Html Commands (Document Head, Document
Body), Title and Footer, Text Formatting (Paragraph Breaks, Line Breaks), Emphasizing Material in a
Web Page (Heading Styles, Drawing Lines).
Basic Formatting Tags
HTML Basic Tags, Text Formatting (Paragraph Breaks, Line Breaks), Emphasizing Material in a Web
Page (Heading Styles, Drawing Lines), Text Styles (Bold, Italics, Underline), Other Text Effects
(Centering (Text, Images etc.), Spacing (Indenting Text), HTML Color Coding. [CO1]

Unit II:
Lists
Type of Lists (Unordered List (Bullets), Ordered Lists (Numbering), Definition Lists.
Adding Graphics To Html Documents
Using The Border Attribute, Using The Width And Height Attribute, Using The Align Attribute, Using
The Alt Attribute. [CO2]
Tables
Introduction (Header, Data rows, The Caption Tag), Using the Width and Border Attribute, Using the
Cell padding Attribute, Using the Cell spacing Attribute, Using the BGCOLOR Attribute, Using the
COLSPAN and ROWSPAN Attributes [CO2]
Linking Documents
Links (External Document References, Internal Document References), Image As Hyperlinks. [CO3]
Frames
Introduction to Frames: The<FRAMESET> tag, The <FRAME> tag, Targeting Named Frames.
DHTML: Cascading Style Sheets, Style Tag. [CO2]

Unit III:
Forms Used by a Web Site
The Form Object, The Form Object’s Methods (The Text Element, The Password Element, The
Button Element, The Submit (Button) Element, The Reset (Button) Element, The Checkbox Element,
The Radio Element, The Text Area Element, The Select and Option Element, The Multi Choice Select
Lists Element). [CO4]

Unit IV:
Introduction to JavaScript
JS Introduction, Where To, Output, Statements, Syntax, Comments, Variables, Operators, Arithmetic,
Assignment, Data Types, Functions, Objects, Events, Strings, String Methods, Numbers, Number
Methods, Arrays, Array Methods, Array Sort, Array Iteration, Dates, Date Formats, Date Get Methods,
Date Set Methods, Math, Random, Booleans, Comparisons, Conditions, Switch, Loop For, Loop
While, Break, Type Conversion, Bitwise, RegExp, Errors, Scope, Hoisting, Strict Mode, JSON, Forms,
Forms API [CO5]

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
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JS Functions, Function Definitions, Function Parameters, Function Invocation, Function Call,

Function Apply, Function Closures [CO5]

Text Books/Reference Books

1. Internet for EveryOne: Alexis Leon, 1st Edition, Leon Techworld, Publication, 2009.
2. Greenlaw R; Heppe, “Fundamentals of Internet and WWW”, 2nd Edition, Tata McGraw-Hill,
2007.
3. Raj Kamal, “Internet& Web Technologies”, edition Tata McGraw-Hill Education.2009.

E-Books/ Online learning material:

1. BayrossIvan, “HTML, DHTML, JavaScript, PERL, CGI”, 3rd Edition, BPB Publication,2009.
2. Chris Payne, “Asp in 21 Days”, 2nd Edition, Sams Publishing, 2003 PDCA.
3. A Beginner's Guide To Html Http://www.Ncsa.Nine.Edit/General/Internet/w ww/Html.Prmter
4. https://www.tutorialspoint.com/html/html_tutorial.pdf
5. https://www.w3schools.com/js/
6. https://www.w3schools.com/html/
7. https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/web_programming.html
8. http://www.pagetutor.com/table_tutor/index.html

******

Web Technologies Laboratory

UGSEC2506 Web Technologies Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Prerequisite: Students must have the knowledge of editors like Notepad etc.
Co requisite: Knowledge of Networking, Internet, Client Server concepts, Static & Dynamic environment of
the websites etc.
Additional material required in ESE:
➢ Demonstration of the website of college/ specific department/specific cells etc. will be presented by the
students during the final practical.
➢ Developed Website/s must be made online by the student/s.
➢ Printouts of the Main Page of the website must be arranged on Practical file during daily lab work and
must be submitted in the final examinations.

Course Outcomes: After studying this course, students will be able to:
CO1: Design pages with simple tags in HTML
CO2: Create web pages with Audio and Video content in it.
CO3: Illustrate the movement from one web page to another
CO4: Implement advanced web designing concepts using java script
CO5: Execute a small web based project for the benefit of society

Instructions: Instructor can increase/decrease the experiments as per the requirement.

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

1. Create a simple HTML page to demonstrate the use of different tags.

2. Design index page of a book on web designing.
3. Display Letter Head of your college on a web page.
4. Create a Hyperlink to move around within a single page rather than to load another page.
5. Display letter using different Text formatting Tags.
6. Design Time Table of your department and highlights of most important periods.
7. Use Tables to provide layout to your web page.
8. Embed Audio and Video into your web page.
9. Divide a web page vertically and horizontally and display logo of your college in left pane and
logo of university in right pane.
10. Create a student Bio- Data.
11. Design front page of hospital with different style sheets.
12. Design a web page and display two different pages at a time.
13. Write a program to create a login form. On submitting the form, the user should get navigated
to a profile page using JavaScript.
14. Write a code to create a Registration Form. On submitting the form, the user should be asked to
login with the new credentials using JavaScript.
15. Write an HTML code to create your Institute website/Department website/ Tutorial website for
specific subject. Also use Java Script for validation.

Reference Books:
1. Greenlaw R; Hepp E, “Fundamentals of Internet and www”, 2nd Edition, Tata. McGraw-Hill, 2007.
2. A Beginner’s Guide to HTML

http://www.Ncsa.Nine.Edit/General/Internet/www/
a. html.prmter.

Online Experiment material:

1. https://www.w3schools.com/html/html_examples.asp
2. https://www.cs.uct.ac.za/mit_notes/web_programming.html

******
Indian Constitution
UGVAC2502 Indian Constitution 2L:0T:0P 2 Credits
Course Content:

Unit 1: The Constitution - Introduction

• The History of the Making of the Indian Constitution
• Preamble and the Basic Structure, and its interpretation
• Fundamental Rights and Duties and their interpretation
• State Policy Principles

Unit 2: Union Government

• Structure of the Indian Union
• President – Role and Power
• Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
• Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha
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Unit 3: State Government

• Governor – Role and Power
• Chief Minister and Council of Ministers
• State Secretariat

Unit 4: Local Administration

• District Administration
• Municipal Corporation
• Zila Panchayat
Unit 5: Election Commission
a. Role and
Functioning
b. Chief Election Commissioner
c. State Election Commission

Suggested Learning Resources:

1. Ethics and Politics of the Indian Constitution by Rajeev Bhargava, Oxford University Press,
New Delhi, 2008
2. The Constitution of India by B.L. Fadia Sahitya Bhawan; New edition (2017)
3. Introduction to the Constitution of India by DD Basu Lexis Nexis; Twenty-Third, 2018 edition

Suggested Software/Learning Websites:

a. https://www.constitution.org/cons/india/const.html
b. http://www.legislative.gov.in/constitution-of-india
c. https://www.sci.gov.in/constitution
d. https://www.toppr.com/guides/civics/the-indian-constitution/the-constitution-of-india/

Cases

● Rustom Cavasjee Cooper v. Union of India, (1970) 1 SCC 248

● State of Rajasthan v. Mohan Lal Vyas, AIR 1971 SC 2068 (confirmation of a private
monopoly, not a violation of fundamental right)
● Mithilesh Garg v. Union of India, (1992) 1 SCC 168 : AIR 1992 SC 221 (Right to carry
on business, not breached when it is liberalised)
● Chintamanrao v. The State of Madhya Pradesh, AIR 1951 SC 118 (scope of reasonable
restrictions in relation to trade and occupation)
● Cooverjee B. Bharucha v. Excise Commissioner, Ajmer, AIR 1954 SC 220 (the
reasonableness of the restriction imposed may depend upon the nature of the business and
prevailing conditions including public health and morality)
● T. B. Ibrahim v. Regional Transport Authority. Tanjore, AIR 1953 SC 79
● Harman Singh v. RTA, Calcutta, AIR 1954 SC 190
● Dwarka Prasad Laxmi Narain v. State of U.P., AIR 1954 SC 224 ● State of Bombay
v. R.M.D. Chamarbaugwala, AIR 1957 SC 699
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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

● Parbhani Transport Coop. Society Ltd. v. Regional Transport Authority, Aurangabad, AIR
1960 SC 801
● State of Bombay v. R. M. D. Chamarbaugwala, (1957) S.C.R. 874,
● G.K.Krishnan vs State of Tamil Nadu, 1975 SCC (1) 375
● Automobile Transport (Rajasthan) Ltd. Vs State of Rajasthan, AIR 1962 SC 1406
Course Outcome(s):
Upon completion of this course, students will be able to:

1. Constitutional Framework: Analyze the Indian Constitution's history, Preamble,

Fundamental Rights, and basic structure.
2. Union Government Structure: Describe the roles of the President, Prime Minister,
and the legislative bodies (Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha).
3. State Government Mechanisms: Examine the powers of the Governor, Chief
Minister, and the State Secretariat.
4. Local Administration: Assess the functioning of local government bodies like
District Administration, Municipal Corporations, and Zila Panchayats.
5. Electoral Processes: Analyze the role of the Election Commission in conducting
free and fair elections.
6. Application of Knowledge: Apply constitutional principles to contemporary political
issues and evaluate governance effectiveness.
*********

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

SEMESTER –III

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
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Data Structures- II

UGCC2510 Data Structures- II 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: Implement various searching and sorting algorithms.
CO2: Discuss various advanced data structures.
CO3: Implement non-linear Data Structures.

Prerequisite:
1. Fundamentals of linear data Structure: Understanding the basic linear data structures.
2. Problem-Solving Skills: Ability to break down a problem into smaller steps and devise a
step-by-step solution and familiarity with simple algorithms.

Course Content:

UNIT I:

Trees: Definition, Terminologies, Binary Trees, Memory representation of Tress using Array
and Linked List, Recursive and non-recursive Traversal of Binary Tree, Threaded Binary Tree,
Binary Search Tree, Inserting, Deleting and Searching in Binary Search Tree.

UNIT II:
Advanced Trees: Height Balanced Trees: AVL Trees, Insertion and Deletion in AVL Tree, M
way Tree, Insertion and Deletion in M way Tree, B Tree, Insertion and Deletion in B Tree,
B+ Tree, Red-Black Tree, Heap Tree.

UNIT III: Graphs: Definition, Terminologies, Types of graphs, Representation of graph in

memory, Traversal (Depth First Search and Breadth First Search), Shortest Path algorithm-
Dijkstra’s Algorithm.

UNIT IV
Searching: Linear Search and Binary Search, Hashing, Hash Tables, Types of Hash Functions,
Collision, Collision Resolution with Open Addressing and Chaining

Sorting: Bubble Sort, Selection Sort, and Insertion Sort, Quick Sort.
Comparative study of various searching and sorting algorithms.

******

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Data Structures- II Laboratory

UGCC2511 Data Structures- II 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Laboratory

Lab Programs:

1. Write a program to search for an element in an array using Linear Search.

2. Write a program to search for an element in an array using Binary Search.
3. Write a program to sort an array using Bubble Sort.
4. Write a program to sort an array using Selection Sort.
5. Write a program to sort an array using Insertion Sort.
6. Write a program to sort an array using Quick Sort
7. Write a program to perform the following operations on a binary tree.
(a) Preorder Traversal
(b) Inorder Traversal
(c) Postorder Traversal
8. Write a program to implement depth first search in graphs.
9. Write a program to implement breadth first search in graphs
10. Write a program to implement shortest path algorithm in graphs.
11. Write a program to implement hashing.

******

Database Management Systems- I

UGCC2512 Database Management Systems- I 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: Explain Core Concepts of DBMS
CO2: Design data models for real life problems
CO3: Design of real life Database and SQL queries

Prerequisite: Basic knowledge of Set Theory.

Course Content:

UNIT I:
Introduction to Databases: Definition of Data, Database, and DBMS, Overview of Database
Applications, Advantages and Disadvantages of DBMS, Roles of Database Users and
Administrators.
Data Models: Introduction to Data Models, Types of Data Models (Hierarchical, Network,
Relational, Object-oriented), Importance of Data Models in DBMS
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UNIT II:
Database Design: Keys: Primary Key, Candidate Key, Super Key, Foreign Key, Composite
Key, Alternate Key, Unique Key, Surrogate Key, Constraints in a table: Primary Key, Foreign
Key, Unique Key, NOT NULL, CHECK, etc. Entity-Relationship (ER) Model, Entities and
Entity Sets, Attributes and Relationships, ER Diagrams, Key Constraints and Weak Entity Sets,
Extended ER Features, Introduction to the Relational Model and Relational Schema.

UNIT III:
Relational Algebra: Introduction to Relational Algebra, Operations:
Selection, Projection, Set Operations, Join Operations, Division.
Structured Query Language (SQL): SQL Basics: DDL, DML and DCL along with
commands, Aggregate Functions (Min(), Max(), Sum(), Avg(), Count()), Logical operators
(AND, OR, NOT), Predicates (Like, Between, Alias, Distinct), Clauses (Group By, Having,
Order by, top/limit), Inner Join, Natural Join, Full Outer Join, Left Outer Join, Right outer Join,
Equi Join.
Advanced SQL: Analytical queries, Hierarchical queries, Recursive queries, Views, Cursors,
Stored Procedures and Functions, Packages, Triggers, Dynamic SQL

UNIT IV:
Normalization and Database Design: Functional Dependencies: Armstrong's Axioms,
Definition, Properties (Reflexivity, Augmentation, Transitivity), Types (Trivial, Non-Trivial,
Partial and Full Functional Dependency), Closure of Functional Dependencies, Normal Forms
(1NF, 2NF, 3NF, BCNF, 4NF and 5NF), Denormalization.

Text Books
1. Raghu Ramakrishnan, Johannes Gehrke, “Database Management Systems”, third
edition, McGraw – Hill, 2018
2. Benjamin Rosenzweig, Elena Rakhimov, “Oracle PL/SQL by Example”, fifth edition,
Prentice Hall, 2015
3. Brad Dayley, “NoSQL with MongoDB in 24 Hours”, 1st edition, Sams Publishing,
2024
Reference Books
1. Korth, Silbertz, Sudarshan,” Database System Concepts”, Seventh Edition, McGraw
- Hill.(2019)
2. R.P. Mahapatra, Govind Verma, “Database Management Systems”, Khanna
Publishing House, 2025.

Web Resources
1. https://oracle-base.com/articles
2. https://forums.oracle.com/ords/apexds/domain/devcommunity/category/sql_and_pl_sq
l
3. https://asktom.oracle.com/ords/f?p=100:1:0

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******
Database Management Systems- I Laboratory

UGCC2513 Database Management Systems- I Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Note: Teacher should introduce the students with basic SQL commands from 1st lab itself.

List of Practicals:

1. Draw an ER Diagram of Hospital Management System

2. Reduce the ER diagram 2 into tables

Consider the following Schema

Supplier(SID, Sname, branch, city, phone)
Part(PID, Pname, color, price)
Supplies(SID, PID, qty, date_supplied)

DDL Commands

3. Create the above tables

4. Add a new attribute state in supplier table
5. Remove attribute city from supplier table
6. Modify the data type of phone attribute
7. Change the name of attribute city to address
8. Change a table’s name, supplier to sup
9. Use truncate to delete the contents of supplies table
10. Remove the part table from database

DML Commands
1. Insert at least 10 records in tables supplier, part and supplies
2. Show the contents in tables supplier, part and supplies
3. Find the name and city of all suppliers
4. Find the name and phoneno of all suppliers who stay in ‘Delhi’
5. Find all distinct branches of suppliers
6. Delete the record of the supplier whose SID is 204001
7. Delete all records of supplier table
8. Delete all records of suppliers whose city starts with capital A.
9. Find the supplier names which have ‘lk’ in any position
10. Find the supplier name where ‘R’ is in the second position
11. Find the name of supplier whose name starts with ‘V’ and ends with ‘A’
12. Change the city of all suppliers to ‘BOMBAY’
13. Change the city of supplier ‘Vandana’ to ‘Goa’

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Queries with Constraints

1. Create the supplier table with Primary Key Constraint

2. Create supplies table with Foreign key Constraint
3. Create a part table with UNIQUE Constraint
4. Create supplier Table with Check Constraints
5. Create Supplier table with Default Constraint

Queries on TCL

1. Create Savepoints
2. Rollback to SavePoints 3. Use Commit to save on
Aggregate Functions:

1. Find the minimum, maximum, average and sum of costs of parts

2. Count the total number of parts present
3. Retrieve the average cost of all parts supplied by ‘Mike’
Queries on GROUP BY, HAVING AND ORDER BY Clauses

1. Display total price of parts of each color

2. Find the branch and the number of suppliers in that branch for branches which have
more than 2 suppliers
3. Find all parts sorted by pname in ascending order and cost in descending order
4. Find the branch and the number of suppliers in that branch

Queries on Analytical, Hierarchical, Recursive nature.

1. Find out the 5th highest earning employee details.

2. Which department has the highest number of employees with a salary above $80,000,
and what percentage of employees in that department have a salary above $80,000
3. Retrieve employee table details using the hierarchy query and display that hierarchy
path starting from the top level indicating if it is a leaf and there exists a cycle.
4. What is the average salary for employees in the top 2 departments with the highest
average salary, and what is the hierarchy of departments and sub-departments for these
top 2 departments?
5. Use recursion to retrieve the employee table and display the result in breadth first and
depth first order.
6. Write a recursive query to show the equivalent of level, connect_by_root and
connect_by_path
7. Use recursion to retrieve the employee table and display the result in depth first order
showing id, parent_id, level, root_id, path and leaf.

Queries on Operators

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

1. Find the pname, phoneno and cost of parts which have cost equal to or greater than 200
and less than or equal to 600.
2. Find the sname , SID and branch of suppliers who are in ‘local’ branch or ‘global’
branch
3. Find the pname, phoneno and cost of parts for which cost is between 200 and 600
4. Find the pname and color of parts , which has the word ‘NET’ anywhere in its pname.
5. Find the PID and pname of parts with pname either ‘NUT’ or ‘BOLT’
6. List the suppliers who supplied parts on ‘1st may2000’, ‘12 JAN 2021’ ,’17 dec 2000’
,’10 Jan 2021’
7. Find all the distinct costs of parts

Join Operators

1. Perform Inner join on two tables

2. Perform Natural Join on two tables
3. Perform Left Outer Join on tables
4. Perform Right Outer join on tables
5. Perform Full Outer Join on tables

******

Python Programming

UGSEC2507 Python Programming 2L:0T:0P 2 Credits

Course Objectives:
CO1: Develop modular Python programs.
CO2: Apply suitable Python programming constructs, built-in data structures using Python
libraries to solve a problem.
CO3: Implement Data visualization and File handling in Python.
Prerequisites:
Understanding of Problem solving techniques using a programming language and basic data
structures.

Course Content:

UNIT I:
Introduction: History and Application areas of Python; Structure of Python Program;
Identifiers and Keywords; Operators and Precedence; Basic Data Types and type conversion;
Statements and expressions; Input/Output statements.
Strings: Creating and Storing Strings, Built-in functions for strings; string operators, String
slicing and joining; Formatting Strings.

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Control Flow Statements: Conditional Flow statements; Loop Control Statements; Nested
control Flow; continue and break statements, continue, Pass and exit.

UNIT II:
Functions: Built-In Functions, Function Definition and call; Scope and Lifetime of Variables,
Default Parameters, Command Line Arguments; Lambda Functions; Assert statement;
Importing User defined module;
Mutable and Immutable objects: Lists, Tuples and Dictionaries; Commonly used
Functions on Lists, Tuples and Dictionaries. Passing Lists, tuples and Dictionaries as arguments
to functions. Using Math and Numpy module for list of integers and arrays.

UNIT III:
Files: Types of Files; Creating, Reading and writing on Text and Binary Files;The Pickle Module,
Reading and Writing CSV Files. Reading and writing of csv and JSON files.
Exception Handling: Try-except-else-finally block, raise statement, hierarchy of exceptions,
adding exceptions.
Data visualization: Plotting various 2D and 3D graphics; Histogram; Pi charts; Sine and cosine
curves.

Text Books:
1. Programming in Python, Pooja Sharma, BPB Publications, 2017.
2. Venkatesh, Nagaraju Y, Introduction to Python Programming, Khanna Publishing House,
2021.
3. Jeeva Jose, Introduction to Computing & Problem Solving With PYTHON, Khanna
Publishing House, 2023.
4. Sheetal Taneja & Naveen kumar: Python Programming a Modular approach – A Modular
approach with Graphics, Database, Mobile and Web applications, Pearson, 2017.

Reference Books:

1. Think Python, by Allen Downey, 2nd edition, 2015, O’Reilly.

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1p9Pul6d5UvnQrO9-Q-LE2_p4YvMk5cIg/view
2. An introduction to Python for absolute beginners, by Bob Dowling, Cambridge Univ.
3. Introduction to Computation and Programming using Python, by John Guttag, 2 nd
edition, 2016, PHI India.
Web Resources:
1. https://www.learnpython.org/
2. https://www.w3schools.com/python/default.asp

******

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 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
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Python Programming Laboratory

UGSEC2508 Python Programming Laboratory 0L:0T:4P 2 Credits

Practical List:
1. Write a program to find whether a number is a prime number.
2. Write a program to print m raise to power n, where m and n are read from the user.
3. Write a program having a parameterised function that returns True or False depending on
whether the parameter passed is even or odd.
4. Write a program to print the summation of the following series upto n terms:1-2+3-4+5-
6+7 - - - - - - - -n
5. Write a menu driven program to perform the following operations on strings using string
built in functions.
a. Find the frequency of a character in a string.
b. Replace a character by another character in a string.
c. Remove the first occurrence of a character from a string.
d. Remove all occurrences of a character from a string.
6. Write a program that accepts two strings and returns the indices of all the occurrences of
the second string in the first string as a list. If the second string is not present in the first
string, then it should return -1
7. Using Numpy module write menu driven program to do following
a. Create an array filled with 1’s.
b. Find maximum and minimum values from an array
c. Dot product of 2 arrays.
d. Reshape a 1-D array to 2-D array.
8. Write a function that takes a sentence as input from the user and calculates the frequency
of each letter. Use a variable of dictionary type to maintain the count.
9. Consider a tuple t1=(1,2,5,7,9,2,4,6,8,10). Write a program to perform following
operations:
a. Print contents of t1 in 2 separate lines such that half values come on one line and other
half in the next line.
b. Print all even values of t1 as another tuple t2.
c. Concatenate a tuple t2=(11,13,15) witht1.
d. Return maximum and minimum value from t1..
10. Write a function that reads a file file1 and copies only alternative lines to another file file2.
Alternative lines copied should be the odd numbered lines.
11. Write a Python program to handle a ZeroDivisionError exception when dividing a number
by zero.
12. Write a program that reads a list of integers from the user and throws an exception if any
numbers are duplicates.
13. Write a program that makes use of a function to display sine, cosine, polynomial and
exponential curves.

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14. Take as input in the months and profits made by a company ABC over a year. Represent
this data using a line plot. Generated line plot must include X axis label name = Month
Number and Y axis label name = Total profit.

******

Software Engineering

UGCC2514 Software Engineering 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: To Acquire a comprehensive understanding of the software development lifecycle and
its application in contemporary software engineering practices.
CO2: To Develop proficiency in project management methodologies and strategic decision
making for successful software project execution.
CO3: To Master the art of software design, development, and testing to produce robust and
efficient software solutions.
Prerequisites: Basic understand of Software, Applications, Programming fundamentals.

Course Content:

UNIT I:
The evolving role of software, changing nature of software, layered technology, a process
framework, Process models: The waterfall model, incremental process models, evolutionary
process models, the unified process.
Agile software development: Agility Principles, Agile methods, Plan-driven and agile
development, Extreme programming, Scrum, A Tool Set for the Agile Process.

UNIT II:
Software Requirements Engineering: Functional and non-functional requirements, the
software requirements document, Requirements specification, Requirements engineering
processes, Requirements elicitation and analysis, Requirements validation, Requirements
management.
Risk management: Reactive Vs proactive risk strategies, software risks, risk identification,
risk projection, risk refinement, RMMM, RMMM plan.
Project planning- Software pricing, Plan-driven development, Project scheduling, Agile
planning, Estimation techniques.

UNIT III:

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Design: Design process and design quality, design concepts, the design model, software
architecture, data design, architectural design, Basic structural modeling, class diagrams,
sequence diagrams, collaboration diagrams, use case diagrams, component diagrams.
Testing Strategies: A strategic approach to software testing, test strategies for conventional
software, black-box and white-box testing, validation testing, system testing, the art of
debugging.
Product metrics: Software quality, metrics for analysis model, metrics for design model,
metrics for source code, metrics for testing, metrics for maintenance.

UNIT IV:
Quality Management: Quality concepts, software quality assurance, software reviews, formal
technical reviews, statistical software quality assurance, software reliability.
Release Management: Release planning, development and build plans, release strategies, risk
management, and post-deployment monitoring.
Product sustenance: Maintenance, updates, End of life, migration strategies.

Text Books
1. Software Engineering, N.S. Gill, Khanna Publishing House, 2023 (AICTE
Recommended Textbook)
2. Software Engineering, Ian Somerville, 9th edition, Pearson education.
3. Software Engineering A practitioner’s Approach, 8th edition, Roger S Pressman, Bruce
R. Maxim. McGraw Hill Education, 2015.
Reference Books
1. Stephen Schach, Software Engineering 7th ed, McGraw-Hill, 2007 2.
Software Engineering: Principles and Practice Hans van Vliet

******

Software Engineering Laboratory

UGCC2515 Software Engineering Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Prerequisite: -NA-
Co requisite: -NA-
Additional material required in ESE: -NA-
Course Outcomes: Students will be able to
CO# Course outcomes
CO1 Elicit, analyze and specify software requirements.
CO2 Analyze and translate a specification into a design
CO3 Realize design practically, using an appropriate software engineering
methodology.
CO4 Plan a software engineering process life cycle.
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CO5 Use modern engineering tools for specification, design, implementation,

and testing

Assignments:

1. Identify project scope and objective of given problem:

a. College automation system.
b. Banking Management System.
2. Develop software requirements specification for (1 a.) and (1 b.) problem.
3. Develop UML Use case model for a problem.
4. Develop Class diagrams
5. Represent project Scheduling of above-mentioned projects
6. Develop DFD model (level-0, level-1 DFD and Data dictionary) of the project
7. Develop sequence diagram
8. Develop Structured design for the DFD model developed
9. Develop the waterfall model, prototype model and spiral model of the product
10. Use LOC, FP and Cyclomatic Complexity Metric of above-mentioned problem

Reference Books:
1. Software Engineering–A Practitioner’s Approach, Roger S.Pressman, Seventh Edition,
McGrawHill, 2010.
2. The Unified Modeling Language Reference Manual, Grady Booch, Second Edition, Addison
Wesley, 2005.
3. An Integrated Approach to Software Engineering, Pankaj Jalota, Third Edition, Narosa Publishing
House, 2005.

******

Professional Elective -I

UGDSE2501* Professional Elective -I 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

(Data Science/ AIML/ Full Stack
Development)

Refer to Appendix–I for Professional Electives and choose either one specialization from the
basket of Data Science / Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning/ Full Stack
Development

******

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UGVAC2503 Yoga and Physical fitness 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

/Sports/NCC/NSS/Disaster Management

Note: All the theoretical contents shall be delivered through the practical workshop mode
only. No class room teaching is encouraged in this course.
YOGA
Yoga course is designed to provide students with a comprehensive understanding of physical
fitness, wellness, and nutrition. This course explores the meaning and importance of yoga in
the modern era, the role of sports in maintaining physical fitness, and the various components
of physical wellness. Students will also learn about the significance of nutrition and weight
management, equipping them with the knowledge to promote a healthy and balanced lifestyle.
Through this course, students will gain insights into the holistic approach to health and
wellbeing.

Course Objective(s):
i. Understand yoga's significance and its practical applications for holistic well-being.
ii. Explore subtle energy systems and their role in enhancing health through yogic practices.
iii. Examine various paths of yoga to foster self-realization and spiritual growth. iv. Master
the Eight Limbs of Yoga for physical, mental, and spiritual harmony.
v. Apply yogic principles to manage psycho-somatic ailments and promote resilience.

Course Content:

Unit-I
● Yoga: Meaning and definition
● Importance of yoga in 21st century
● Introduction to Yogic Anatomy and Physiology
● Yoga & sports, Yoga for healthy lifestyle
● Types of Yoga: - Hatha yaga, laya yoga, mantra yoga,
● bhakti yoga, karma yoga, jnana yoga, raj yoga
● Study of Chakras, Koshas, Pranas, Nadis, Gunas, Vayus and its application in Yogic
practices.
● Ashtang Yoga: - Yama, niyama, asana, pranayama, Pratyahar, dharna, dhyan, Samadhi
: Benefits, Utilities & their psychological impact on body and mind. According to yoga
concept of normality in modern psychology, concept of personality & its development,
yogic management of psycho-somatic ailments: frustration, anxiety, depression

Unit- 2
● Sports for Physical Fitness: Meaning and definition
● Physical Activity – Concept, Benefits of Participation in Physical Activities
● Components and Significance of Physical Fitness -Health, Skill and Cosmetic Fitness
● Types of Physical Activities – Walking, Jogging, Running, Calisthenics, Rope
Skipping, Cycling, Swimming, Circuit Training, Weight training, Adventure Sports
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● Principles of Physical Fitness, Warming Up, Conditioning, Cooling Down, Methods to

Develop and Measure Health and Skill related components of Physical Fitness
● Measurement of Health Related Physical Fitness (HRPF)
Unit -3
● Physical Wellness: Concept, Components
● Types of wellness: psychological, social, emotional, and spiritual.
● Significance with reference to Positive Lifestyle 2.2
● Concepts of Quality of Life and Body Image
● Factors affecting Wellness
● Wellness Programmes

Unit-4: Nutrition and Weight Management

● Concept of Nutrients, Nutrition, Balanced Diet, Dietary Aids and Gimmicks
● Energy and Activity- Calorie Intake, Energy Balance Equation
● Obesity - Concept, Causes, Obesity Related Health Problems
● Weight Management through Behavioural Modifications

Text Books / References:

● Anand O P. Yog Dawra Kaya Kalp. Sewasth Sahitya Perkashan. Kanpur.
● Brown, J.E. Nutrition Now Thomson-Wadsworth.
● Corbin et.al.Fitness & Wellness-Concepts. McGraw Hill. Publishers. New York.U.S.A
● Corbin, C. B., G. J. Welk, W. R Corbin, K. A. Welk, Concepts of Physical Fitness:
Active Lifestyle for Wellness. McGraw Hill, New York, USA.
● Hoeger, W W K and S.A. Hoeger. Principles and Labs for Fitness and Wellness,
Thomson Wadsworth, California, USA.
● Hoeger, W.W. & S. Hoeger Fitness and Wellness. 7th Ed. Thomson Wadsworth,
Boston, USA.
● Kamlesh, M. L. & Singh, M. K.) Physical Education (Naveen Publications).
● Kansal, D.K. Text book of Applied Measurement, Evaluation & Sports Selection.
Sports & Spiritual Science Publications, New Delhi.
● Kumari, Sheela, S., Rana, Amita, and Kaushik, Seema,, Fitness, Aerobics and Gym
Operations, Khel Sahitya, New Delhi
● Lumpkin, A. Introduction to Physical Education, Exercise Science and Sports Studies,
McGraw Hill, New York, U.S.A.
● Sarin N) Yoga Dawara Rogon Ka Upchhar.Khel Sahitya Kendra
● Savard, M. and C. Svec The Body Shape Solution to Weight Loss and Wellness: The
Apples & Pears Approach to Losing Weight, Living Longer, and Feeling Healthier.
Atria Books, Sydney, Australia.
● Siedentop, D. Introduction to Physical Education, Fitness and Sport, McGraw Hill
Companies Inc., New York, USA.
● Sri Swami Ramas. Breathing. Sadhana Mandir Trust.Rishikesh.
● Swami Ram Yoga & Married Life Sadhana Mandir Trust. Rishikesh

Course Outcome(s):
i. Gain a comprehensive understanding of yoga and its modern applications for holistic
well-being.
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ii. Demonstrate proficiency in yogic anatomy and physiology, enhancing yoga practice
and promoting physical and energetic balance.
iii. Master the Eight Limbs of Yoga and comprehend their psychological impact, fostering
personal growth and self-realization. iv. Integrate yoga principles into sports and
physical fitness activities to enhance performance and prevent injuries.
v. Develop skills in wellness management and nutrition

*********
Sports Management
Sports Management course is designed to provide undergraduate students with a broad,
foundational understanding of the dynamic field of sports management. This course will
familiarize students with the fundamental principles and concepts of sports management,
including its scope, organizational structure, and ethical considerations. Students will gain
insights into the roles of marketing and sponsorship in the sports industry, as well as develop
proficiency in financial management techniques specific to sports organizations. Additionally,
the course will explore the application of analytics and technology in sports, enhancing the
strategic decision-making and fan engagement capabilities.

Course Objective(s):
i. Understand the fundamental principles and concepts of sports management, including its
scope, organizational structure, and ethical considerations. ii. Analyse the role of marketing
and sponsorship in the sports industry, with a focus on branding, target audience
segmentation, and event management.

iii. Develop proficiency in financial management techniques specific to the sports

industry, including revenue generation, cost management, and investment strategies.

iv. Explore the application of analytics and technology in sports, including performance
evaluation, strategic decision-making, and fan engagement.

v. Apply theoretical knowledge to practical scenarios through case studies and projects,
fostering critical thinking and problem-solving skills in sports management contexts.

Course Content:

Unit 1: Introduction to Sports Management

● Definition and scope of sports management
● Significance of sports management in society and its evolution over time
● Organizational structure of sports: amateur, professional, and non-profit entities
● Roles and responsibilities of key personnel: managers, coaches, and agents
● Governance bodies in sports: FIFA, IOC, and NCAA
● Legal issues: contracts, negotiations, intellectual property rights ● Ethical
considerations: fair play and doping

Unit 2: Sports Marketing and Sponsorship

● Unique aspects of sports marketing
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● Fan engagement strategies

● Target audience identification and segmentation
● Branding strategies for sports teams and athletes
● Sponsorship and endorsement deals
● Negotiating and managing partnerships
● Event management: planning, organizing, and promoting sports events

Unit 3: Financial Management in Sports

● Revenue generation in sports: ticket sales, broadcasting rights, merchandise sales
● Financial models: budgeting and forecasting
● Cost management: player salaries, facility expenses, operational costs
● Investment opportunities in sports
● Risk management techniques specific to sports organizations

Unit 4: Sports Analytics and Technology

● Introduction to sports analytics
● Evaluating player performance
● Devising game strategies
● Fan engagement through technology
● Analytical techniques: statistical analysis, data visualization, predictive modeling
● Key performance indicators (KPIs) in sports
● Applications of analytics: talent scouting, injury prevention, performance optimization.

Text Books :
1. Pedersen, P. M., Thibault, L., & Pedersen, P. M. (2019). Contemporary Sport
Management. Human Kinetics.

2. Hoye, R., Smith, A. C. T., Nicholson, M., et al. (2021). Sports Management:
Principles and Applications. Routledge.
3. Chelladurai, P., & Kerwin, S. (2017). Introduction to Sport Management: Theory and
Practice. Human Kinetics.
4. Hoye, R., Cuskelly, G., & Nicholson, M. (2019). Sports Governance: A Guide for
Sport Organizations. Routledge.
5. Conrad, M. (2018). The Business of Sports: A Primer for Journalists. Routledge.
6. Shank, M. D. (2019). Sports Marketing: A Strategic Perspective. Pearson.
7. Collett, P., & Fenton, W. (2019). The Sponsorship Handbook: Essential Tools, Tips
and Techniques for Sponsors and Sponsorship Seekers. Kogan Page.
8. Fullerton, S. Jr., & Funk, D. C. (2019). Sports Marketing: A Practical Approach.
Routledge.
9. Conrad, M. (2019). Winning in Sports Business: Essential Marketing, Finance, and
Management Strategies. Routledge.
10. McCarty, L. A., & McPherson, G. (2019). Sports Event Management: The Caribbean
Experience. Routledge.
11. Brown, M. T., Rascher, D., & Leeds, M. A. (2017). Financial Management in the
Sport Industry. Routledge.

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12. Winfree, J. A., & Rosentraub, M. S. (2017). Sports Finance and Management: Real
Estate, Entertainment, and the Remaking of the Business. Taylor & Francis.
13. Foster, G., O'Reilly, N., & Cuskelly, G. (2018). Sports Business Management:
Decision Making Around the Globe. Routledge.
14. Brown, M. T., & Shick, D. M. (2019). Financial Management in the Sport Industry.
Routledge.
15. Conrad, M. (2018). The Business of Sports: A Primer for Journalists. Routledge.
16. Alamar, B. C. (2013). Sports Analytics: A Guide for Coaches, Managers, and Other
Decision Makers. Columbia University Press.
17. Miller, T. W. (2019). Sports Analytics and Data Science: Winning the Game with
Methods and Models. FT Press.
18. Marchi, M., Albert, J., & Baumer, B. (2014). Analyzing Baseball Data with R.
Chapman and Hall/CRC.
19. Schumaker, R. P., Hwang, R. S. Y., & Chen, H. (2016). Sports Data Mining.
Routledge.
20. Alamar, B. C. (2013). Sports Analytics: A Guide for Coaches, Managers, and Other
Decision Makers. Columbia University Press.

References:

Course Outcome(s):

i. Demonstrate a comprehensive understanding of sports management principles,

including organizational structures, legal issues, and ethical considerations.
ii. Evaluate marketing strategies and sponsorship opportunities in the sports industry,
devising effective branding and promotional campaigns. iii. Apply financial
management techniques to analyze revenue streams, control costs, and make informed
investment decisions in sports organizations.
iv. Utilize sports analytics tools and technology to enhance performance evaluation,
strategic planning, and fan engagement initiatives.
v. Synthesize course concepts through practical applications, demonstrating the ability to
address real-world challenges in sports management scenarios.

*********
National Cadet Corps (NCC)

This course develops essential skills in discipline, leadership, and tactical operations through
structured curriculum and practical exercises. It emphasizes the role of drills in fostering
discipline, leadership, and teamwork, and includes comprehensive weapon handling training
with a focus on safety protocols. The course teaches map reading, understanding topographical
features, and navigating diverse terrains. Practical units cover the history and objectives of the
National Cadet Corps (NCC), various maneuvers, parade formations, saluting protocols, and
field and battlecraft techniques. By the end, learners will master discipline, leadership, weapon

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handling, and tactical decision-making, effectively utilizing terrain features for strategic
advantages.

Course Objective(s):

1. Understand the foundational role of drill in fostering discipline and leadership within
a group, enabling effective command towards achieving common goals.
2. Appreciate the importance of grace and dignity in executing foot drill movements,
recognizing their significance in enhancing performance and teamwork.
3. Comprehend the criticality of weapon handling and detailed safety measures,
emphasizing the importance of accident prevention through strict adherence to safety
protocols.
4. Develop an awareness of diverse terrain types and their strategic significance in battle
craft, enabling informed decision-making and effective utilization of terrain features
for tactical advantage.

Course Content (Practical):

Unit 1:
Overview of NCC, its history, aims, objectives, and organizational structure, Incentives and
duties associated with NCC cadetship; Maneuvers: Foot drill, Word of Command, Attention,
and stand at ease, and Advanced maneuvers like turning and sizing; Parade formations: Parade
line, open line, and closed line; Saluting protocols, parade conclusion, and dismissal
procedures. Marching styles: style march, double time march, and slow march

Unit 2:
Weapon Training, Handling firearms, Introduction and characteristics of the .22 rifle; Handling
Firearm techniques, emphasizing safety protocols and Best practices.

Unit 3:
Map Reading (MR): Topographical forms and technical terms, including relief, contours, and
gradients, crucial for understanding terrain features; Cardinal points , magnetic variation and
grid convergence

Unit 4:
Field Craft & Battle Craft (FC & BC): Fundamental principles and techniques essential for
effective field and battle craft operations; Methods of judging distance, including estimation,
pacing, and visual cues
References:
● DGNCC Cadet's Hand Book - Common Subjects -All Wings
● Tiwari, R. (2019). NCC: Grooming Feeling of National Integration, Leadership and
Discipline among Youth. Edwin Incorporation.
● Chhetri, R.S. (2010). Grooming Tomorrows Leaders, The National Cadet Corps.
● Directorate General National Cadet Corps (2003). National Cadet Corps, Youth in
Action.
● Vanshpal, Ravi (2024). The NCC Days, Notion Press.

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Course Outcome(s):
1. Mastery of Discipline and Leadership through Drill Learners would demonstrate the
ability to effectively command a group, foster discipline, and work collaboratively
towards achieving shared objectives.
2. Mastery of Grace and Dignity in Foot Drill Performance Learners would demonstrate
an understanding of how these qualities enhance performance and foster teamwork
within a group setting.
3. Proficient Weapon Handling and Safety Adherence Learners would showcase a
thorough understanding of the criticality of safety measures, emphasizing accident
prevention through strict adherence to safety protocols.
4. Enhanced Tactical Awareness and Strategic Decision-Making Learners would gain
the ability to make informed decisions and effectively utilize terrain features to gain
tactical advantage during operations.

**********
National Service Scheme (NSS)
This course provides students with an in-depth understanding of the National Service Scheme
(NSS), including its history, philosophy, aims, objectives, and organizational structure. It
equips students with knowledge about various NSS programmes and activities, emphasizing
their relevance and importance. The course also develops skills in community mobilization,
teaching students effective techniques for engaging and mobilizing community stakeholders.
Additionally, it cultivates an appreciation for volunteerism and shramdan (voluntary labor),
highlighting their role in community development initiatives. By the end of the course, students
will have a comprehensive understanding of NSS, enhanced leadership and team-building
skills, and a strong sense of social awareness and patriotism.

Course Objective(s):
1. To provide students with an understanding of the history, philosophy, and basic concepts of
the National Service Scheme (NSS).
2. To familiarize students with the aims, objectives, and organizational structure of NSS.
3. To equip students with knowledge about NSS programmes, activities, and their relevance.
4. To develop an understanding of community mobilization techniques and their importance
in NSS activities.
5. To cultivate an appreciation for volunteerism, shramdan (voluntary labor), and their role in
community development initiatives.
Course Content:

Unit 1: Introduction and Basic Concepts of NSS

National Service Scheme (NSS) - history, philosophy, and fundamental concepts, aims and
objectives, providing clarity on the organization's overarching goals. Symbols of NSS -
Emblem, flag, motto, song, and badge; Organizational structure of NSS

Unit 2: NSS Programmes and Activities

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Diverse programmes and activities conducted under the aegis of the National Service Scheme
(NSS); Significance of commemorating important days recognized by the United Nations,
Centre, State Government, and University; Examination of the methodology for adopting
villages/slums and conducting surveys; Financial patterns of the NSS scheme

Unit 3: Community Mobilization

Dynamics of community mobilization within the framework of the National Service Scheme
(NSS); Functioning of community stakeholders; The conceptual lens of community
development

Unit 4: Volunteerism and Shramdan in the Indian Context: Roles and Motivations within the
NSS Framework
Ethos of volunteerism and shramdan (voluntary labor) within the cultural context of India and
the framework of the National Service Scheme (NSS); Motivations and constraints shaping
volunteer engagement; Role of NSS volunteers in initiatives such as the Swatch Bharat
Abhiyan and Digital India

References:
1. Ministry of Youth Affairs and Sports, Government of India. (2022). National Service
Scheme (NSS) Manual.
2. Agarwalla, S. (2021). NSS and Youth Development. Mahaveer Publications
3. Bhattacharya, P. (2024). Stories Of NSS (English Version). Sahityasree.
4. Borah, R. and Borkakoty, B. (2022). NSS in Socioeconomic Development. Unika
Prakashan.
5. Wondimu, H., & Admas, G. (2024). The motivation and engagement of student
volunteers in volunteerism at the University of Gondar. Discover Global Society, 2(1),
1-16.
6. Saha, A. K. (2002). Extension Education–The Third Dimension Needs and Aspirations
of Indian Youth. Journal of Social Sciences, 6(3), 209-214.
7. Mills, S. (2013). “An instruction in good citizenship”: scouting and the historical
geographies of citizenship education. Transactions of the Institute of British
Geographers, 38(1), 120–134. http://www.jstor.org/stable/24582445
8. Mishra, S. K., Sachdev, S., Marwaha, N., & Avasthi, A. (2016). Study of knowledge
and attitude among college-going students toward voluntary blood donation from north
India. Journal of blood medicine, 19-26.
9. Mukherji, B. (2007). Community Development in India. Orient Longmans.
10. History Background of NSS and its Philosophy, Aims and Objectives
11. https://www.osmania.ac.in/NSS%20URL/9.%20%20Historical%20Background%20o
f%
20NSS%20and%20its%20Philosophy,%20Aim.pdf
12. In Defence of Nationalism https://www.mkgandhi.org/indiadreams/chap03.htm
13. Unlocking Youth Potential for Nation Building: Strengthening NYKS and NSS 14.
https://www.undp.org/india/projects/strenghtening-nyks-and-nss

Course Outcome(s):

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1. Students will demonstrate an understanding of the history, philosophy, and objectives

of the National Service Scheme (NSS), thereby fostering increased social awareness
and patriotism among them.
2. Students will be able to organize and conduct various NSS programmes and activities
effectively and through it understand the importance of leadership and team building.
3. Students will develop skills in community mobilization and partnership building.
4. Students will appreciate the importance of volunteerism and shramdan in societal
development and thus, be able to understand role of community participation.

*********
DISASTER MANAGEMENT
In our rapidly evolving 21st-century world, challenges emerge in diverse forms, transcending
borders and intertwining economic, societal, and environmental realms. These challenges
profoundly affect vulnerable communities, magnifying their susceptibility to climate-related
shocks and disasters. As we navigate through these complexities, it becomes increasingly
evident that aligning strategies with global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) across
various geographical scales is paramount. This alignment incorporates perspectives of
environmental sustainability, climate adaptation, and disaster resilience. In light of these
considerations, this course aims to equip students with the knowledge and skills necessary to
address and mitigate the impacts of disasters in a holistic manner.

Course Objective(s):

● to provide understanding of the concepts related to disaster

● to highlight the importance and role of disaster management
● to enhance awareness of institutional processes and management strategies to mitigate
the impacts of disasters
Course Content:

Unit 1: Concepts and Terminologies

Understanding key concepts of Hazards, disasters; Disaster types and causes (Geophysical,
Hydrological, Meteorological, Biological and Atmospheric; Human-made); Global trends in
disasters - Impacts (Physical, Social, Economic, Political, Environmental and Psychosocial);
Defining Vulnerability (Physical Vulnerability; Economic Vulnerability; Social Vulnerability)

Unit 2: Key concepts of Disaster Management Cycle

Components of disaster management cycle (Phases: Response and recovery, Risk assessment,
Mitigation and prevention, Preparedness planning, Prediction and warning); Disaster risk
reduction (DRR), Community based disaster risk reduction

Unit 3: Initiatives at national and international level

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Disaster Risk Management in India and at international level: Related policies, plans,
programmes and legislation; International strategy for disaster reduction and other initiatives

Unit 4: Emergency Management

Explosion and accidents (Industrial, Nuclear, Transport and Mining) - Spill (Oil and Hazardous
material); Threats (Bomb and terrorist attacks) - Stampede and conflicts

Training and Demonstration Workshops (at least two workshops) be organized in association
with the NIDM, NDRF, NCDC, Param Military, Fire Brigade, CISF, local administration etc.

Readings
1. Sharma, S.C. (2022), Disaster Management, Khanna Book Publishing.
2. Clements, B. W., (2009): Disasters and Public Health: Planning and Response, Elsevier
Inc.
3. Dunkan, K., and Brebbia, C. A., (Eds.) (2009): Disaster Management and Human Health
Risk: Reducing Risk, Improving Outcomes, WIT Press, UK.
4. Singh, R. B. (ed.), (2006) Natural Hazards and Disaster Management: Vulnerability and
Mitigation, Rawat Publications, New Delhi.
5. Ramkumar, Mu, (2009) Geological Hazards: Causes, Consequences and Methods of
Containment, New India Publishing Agency, New Delhi.
6. Modh, S. (2010) Managing Natural Disaster: Hydrological, Marine and Geological
Disasters, Macmillan, Delhi.
7. Carter, N. (1991) Disaster Management: A Disaster Management Handbook. Asian
Development Bank, Manila.
8. Govt. of India (2008) Vulnerability Atlas of India. BMTPC, New Delhi.
9. Govt. of India (2011) Disaster Management in India. Ministry of Home Affairs, New
Delhi.
10. Matthews , J.A., (2002) Natural Hazards and Environmental Change, Bill McGuire, Ian
Mason.

E-Resources http://www.ndma.gov.in/en/
http://nidm.gov.in/ https://www.unisdr.org/
http://www.emdat.be
https://www.weather.gov/safety/
https://www.preventionweb.net/risk/vulnerabili
ty

Course Outcomes:
Upon successful completion of this course, students will be able to:
i. Articulate the critical role of disaster management in reducing risks and enhancing
resilience

ii. Identify and describe key institutional frameworks and processes in disaster
management.

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iii. Conduct risk assessments and develop disaster management plans for specific
scenarios

*************

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SEMESTER –IV

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Entrepreneurship and Startup Ecosystem

UGCC2516 Entrepreneurship and Startup Ecosystem 1L:1T:0P 2 Credits

Course Objective(s):
● To understand Entrepreneurship and its types
● To understand that not all ideas can be turned into viable business models and
guestimate business potential of an idea
● To understand different type of finances available and financing methods
● To be able to draft business plans on an identified idea
● To understand the nuances of operating a startup – low budget marketing, stabilizing
operations, build a team from scratch and scaling the business
● To know what is a Family Business and how is it different from Entrepreneurship

Course Content:
Unit 1: Introduction to Entrepreneurship & Family Business
● Definition and Concept of entrepreneurship
● Entrepreneur Characteristics
● Classification of Entrepreneurs
● Role of Entrepreneurship in Economic Development –Start-ups
● Knowing the characteristics of Family business with discussion on few Indian cases of
Family Business like Murugappa, Dabur, Wadia, Godrej, Kirloskar etc.

Unit 2: Evaluating Business opportunity

● Sources of business ideas and opportunity recognition
● Guesstimating the market potential of a business idea
● Feasibility analysis of the idea
● Industry, competition and environment analysis

Unit 3: Building Blocks of starting ventures

● Low cost Marketing using digital technologies
● Team building from scratch
● Venture Funding
● Establishing the value-chain and managing operations ● Legal aspects like IPR and
compliances

Unit 4: Start-up Ecosystem

● Know the components of the start-up ecosystem including Incubators, Accelerators,
Venture Capital Funds, Angel Investors etc.
● Know various govt. schemes like Start-up India, Digital India, MSME etc.
● Sources of Venture Funding available in India
● Source of Technology, Intellectual Property management Text Books (Latest
Edition):

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1. Startup India Leaning Program by Start Up India available at www.startupindia.gov.in

2. Entrepreneurship, Rajeev Roy, Oxford University Press
3. Entrepreneurship: Successfully Launching New Ventures by R. Duane Ireland Bruce R.
Barringer, Pearson Publishing
4. Family Business Management by Rajiv Agarwal, Sage Publishing
5. Anish Tiwari (2003), “Mapping the Startup Ecosystem in India”, Economic & Political
Weekly
6. Ramachandran, K, Indian Family Businesses: Their survival beyond three generations,
ISB Working Paper Series

References

Course Outcome(s):
At the end of the course, the student would be able to - ●
Understand basic building blocks of creating a venture
● Be able to identify a business opportunity and translate it into a viable business model
● Identify the elements of the Indian entrepreneurship ecosystem and take relevant
benefits from the constituents
● Know the legacy of family businesses and key differentiations from entrepreneurship
*********

Computer Networks-I

UGCC2517 Computer Networks-I 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives:

CO1: Understand the fundamental concepts of Computer Networks and their applications.
CO2: Develop problem-solving skills related to network design, implementation, and
troubleshooting.
CO3: Implement network protocols and configure network devices.

Prerequisites:
Operating Systems: Understanding of OS concepts related to networking, such as process
management and memory allocation

Course Content:

UNIT I:

Overview of Computer Networks: Definition and Objectives, Applications and Examples

Network Components and Architecture

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Network Models: OSI Model: Layers and Functions, TCP/IP Model: Layers and Functions
Comparison between OSI and TCP/IP Models
Network Topologies: Physical vs. Logical Topologies, Common Topologies: Star, Ring, Bus,
Mesh, Hybrid, Advantages and Disadvantages of Each Topology

Unit II:

Data Transmission: Analog vs. Digital Signals, Transmission Modes: Simplex, Half-Duplex,
Full-Duplex, Bandwidth and Latency
Networking Devices: Routers, Switches, Hubs, Bridges, Gateways, Functions and
Configurations of Each Device.

UNIT III:

Data Link Layer Fundamentals: Functions of the Data Link Layer, Framing, Error
Detection, and Error Correction, Flow Control Mechanisms.
Ethernet: Ethernet Standards and Frame Structure, MAC Addressing and ARP, Ethernet
Switching: Basic Concepts and Methods

UNIT IV:

Network Protocols: Introduction to TCP/IP Protocol Suite, IP Addressing: IPv4 and IPv6
Subnetting and CIDR Notation
Address Resolution Protocol (ARP): ARP Operation and Table, ARP Spoofing and Security
Considerations
Virtual LANs (VLANs): Concept of VLANs, VLAN Tagging and Configuration, Benefits
and Use Cases.

Text Books:
1. Andrew S. Tanenbaum, "Computer Networks", 5th Edition, Pearson Education, 2011.
2. James F. Kurose and Keith W. Ross, "Computer Networking: A Top-Down Approach", 8th
Edition, Pearson, 2021.

Reference Books:
1. Behrouz A. Forouzan, "Data Communications and Networking", 5th Edition, McGraw-Hill
Education, 2012.
2. Larry L. Peterson and Bruce S. Davie, "Computer Networks: A Systems Approach", 6th
Edition, Morgan Kaufmann, 2019.
3. Bhavneet Sidhu, An Integrated Approach to Computer Networks, Khanna Publishing House,
2023.
4. Mastering PC Hardware & Networking, Khanna Publishing House, 2024.

Web Resources:

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1. Cisco Networking Academy - Online Courses and Resources 2.

NetworkLessons.com - Tutorials on Various Networking Topics

UGCC2518 Computer Networks Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Lab Assignments:

1. Familiarization with networking components and devices: LAN

Adapters, Hubs, Switches, Routers etc
2. Familiarization with transmission media and tools: Coaxial cable, UTP
cable, Crimping tool, Connectors etc
3. Preparing straight and cross cables
4. Study of various LAN topologies and their creation using network
devices, cables and computers
5. Configuration of TCP/IP Protocols in Windows and Linux
6. Implementation of resource sharing (file, printer etc.)
7. Designing and implementing class A, B and C networks
8. Subnet planning and its implementation
9. To configure dynamic IP address for a computer connected to a LAN
10. Use of commands like ping, ipconfig for trouble shooting network
related problems
11. Develop a program to compute the Hamming Distance between any two
code words
12. Installation of FTP server and client
13. To configure proxy server
14. Familiarization with network simulation tools.

******

Design and Analysis of Algorithm

UGCC2519 Design and Analysis of Algorithm 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: This course envisions to impart to students the understanding of basic algorithm
designing paradigms.
CO2: This course introduces the basic knowledge on how to analyse an algorithm.
CO3: This course expects to enable a student to synthesize efficient algorithms in common
design situations and real-life problems.
Prerequisite: Knowledge of Data Structures

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Course Content:

UNIT I:
What is an algorithm? Design and performance analysis of algorithms, time complexity, space
complexity.
Asymptotic notations (O, Ω, Ө) to measure growth of a function and application to measure
complexity of algorithms.
Analysis of sequential search, bubble sort, selection sort, insertion sort, matrix multiplication.
Recursion: Basic concept. Analysis of recursive algorithms, Master's theorem.

UNIT II:
The Divide & Conquer Design Technique:
The general concept. Binary search, finding the maximum and minimum, merge sort, quick
sort. Best and worst case analysis for the mentioned algorithms. Strassen’s matrix
multiplication.
Lower bound for comparison-based sorting.

UNIT III:
The Greedy Design Technique:
The general concept. Applications to general Knapsack problem, finding minimum weight
spanning trees: Prim’s and Kruskal’s algorithms, Dijkstra's algorithm for finding single source
shortest paths problem.

UNIT IV
The Dynamic Programming Design Technique:
The general concept. Computation of Fibonacci series and Binomial coefficients, all pair
shortest paths problem (Floyd-Warshall’s algorithm), 0/1 Knapsack problem.
Algorithms on Graphs:
Finding connected components, topological sorting.

Text Books
1. Gajendra Sharma, Design and Analysis of Algorithms, Khanna Publishing House
(AICTE Recommended Textbook)
2. Cormen Thomas H., Leiserson Charles E., Rivest Ronald L. and Stein Clifford,
Introduction to Algorithms, PHI publication, 3rd Edition, 2009.
3. Horowitz Ellis, Sahni Sartaj and Rajasekaran Sanguthevar, Fundamentals of Computer
Algorithms, University Press (I) Pvt. Ltd., 2012.
4. Levitin Anany, Introduction to Design and Analysis of Algorithms, 3rd Edition,
Pearson, 2012

Reference Books
1. Aho Alfred V., Hopcroft John E. & Ullman Jeffrey D., The Design & Analysis of
Computer Algorithms, Addison Wesley Publications, Boston, 1983.
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2. Kleinberg Jon & Tardos Eva, Algorithm Design, Pearson Education, 2006.

Web Resources
1. https://nptel.ac.in/courses/106101060
2. https://www.cs.umd.edu/~mount/451/Lects/451lects.pdf

Design and Analysis of Algorithm Laboratory

UGCC2520 Design and Analysis of Algorithm 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Laboratory

Programs:

1. Knapsack Problem
▪ Code and analyze the 0/1 Knapsack Problem using the Greedy Approach.
▪ Code and analyze the 0/1 Knapsack Problem using Dynamic
Programming.
2. Matrix Chain Multiplication
▪ Code and analyze to find an optimal solution to Matrix Chain
Multiplication using Dynamic Programming.
▪ Travelling Salesman Problem (TSP)

3. Code and analyze to find an optimal solution to the TSP using Dynamic Programming.

4. Applications of Depth-First Search (DFS)

▪ Implement DFS to find the Topological Sort of a Directed Acyclic Graph

(DAG).
▪ Implement DFS to find a path from source to goal in a maze.

5. Applications of Breadth-First Search (BFS)

▪ Implement BFS to find Connected Components in an Undirected Graph.
▪ Implement BFS to check whether a given graph is Bipartite.

6. Shortest Path Algorithms

▪ Code and analyze to find Shortest Paths in a Graph with Positive Edge
Weights using Dijkstra’s Algorithm.

7. Code any real-world problem or the TSP using a heuristic technique (e.g., Genetic Algorithms,
Simulated Annealing, Ant Colony Optimization, etc.).

******

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Artificial Intelligence

UGCC2521 Artificial Intelligence 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Prerequisites:
Basic understanding of computer science concepts, including data structures and algorithms.
Proficiency in minimum one programming language, such as Python.
Course Outcomes:

CO1: Understand the characteristics of rational agents, and the environment in which they
operate, and gain insights about problem-solving agents.
CO2: Gain insights about Uninformed and Heuristic search techniques and apply them to
solve search applications.
CO3: Appreciate the concepts of knowledge representation using Propositional logic and
Predicate calculus and apply them for inference/reasoning.
CO4: Obtain insights about Planning and handling uncertainty through probabilistic
reasoning and fuzzy sets.
CO5: Obtain a basic understanding of the AI domains and their applications and examine the
legal and ethical issues of AI

Course Content:

UNIT I: Introduction to Al
What is AI? Intelligent Agents: Agents and environment, the concept of Rationality, the nature
of environment, the structure of Agents. Knowledge-Based Agents: Introduction to
Knowledge-Based Agents, The Wumpus World as an Example World. Problem-solving:
Problem-solving agents.

UNIT II: Advanced Search Techniques

Uninformed Search: DFS, BFS, Iterative Deepening Search. Informed Search: Best First
Search, A* search, AO* search. Adversarial Search & Games: Two-player zero-sum games,
Minimax Search, Alpha-Beta pruning. Constraints and Constraint Satisfaction Problems
(CSPs), Backtracking search for CSP. Evolutionary Search Techniques: Introduction to
evolutionary algorithms, Genetic algorithms, Applications of evolutionary search in AI.

UNIT III: Logical Reasoning and Uncertainty

Logic: Propositional logic, First-order predicate logic, Propositional versus first-order
inference, Unification and lifting. Inference: Forward chaining, Backward chaining,
Resolution, Truth maintenance systems. Introduction to Planning: Blocks World problem,
Strips; Handling Uncertainties: Non-monotonic reasoning, Probabilistic reasoning,
Introduction to Fuzzy set theory.

UNIT IV: Domains and Applications of AI

Domains in AI: Introduction to Machine Learning, Computer Vision, Robotics, Natural
Language Processing, Deep Neural Networks, and their Applications. Expert Systems: The
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architecture and role of expert systems include two case studies. Legal and Ethical Issues:
Concerns related to AI.

Text Books:
1. M.C. Trivedi, A Classical Approach to Artificial Intelligence, Khanna Book Publishing
Company, 2024 (AICTE Recommended Textbook).
2. Nilsson Nils J, Artificial Intelligence: A new Synthesis, Morgan Kaufmann Publishers Inc.
San Francisco, CA, ISBN: 978-1-55-860467-4.
3. Dan W Patterson, Introduction to Artificial Intelligence & Expert Systems, PHI Learning
2010.
4. Rajiv Chopra, Data Science with Artificial Intelligence, Machine Learning and Deep
Learning, Khanna Book Publishing Company, 2024.

Reference Books:
1. M.C. Trivedi, Introduction to AI and Machine Learning, Khanna Book Publishing
Company, 2024.
2. Russell, S. and Norvig, P., “Artificial Intelligence - A Modern Approach”, 3rd edition,
Prentice Hall
3. Van Hirtum, A. & Kolski, C. (2020). Constraint Satisfaction Problems: Algorithms and
Applications. Springer
4. Rajiv Chopra, Machine Learning and Machine Intelligence, Khanna Book Publishing
Company, 2024.

*****
Artificial Intelligence Laboratory
UGCC2522 Artificial Intelligence Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Prerequisites: Basic understanding of algorithms and data structures (e.g., trees, graphs, lists).
Proficiency in Python programming, including libraries like NLTK for NLP tasks.

Course outcomes:
CO1: Apply Uninformed Search Algorithms and Implement Heuristic Search techniques
CO2: Analyze and Solve Constraint Satisfaction Problems
CO3: Develop Rule-Based Systems
CO4: Implement and Evaluate Optimization Techniques
CO5: Apply and illustrate the NLP concepts

LAB Experiments

The lab experiments may be implemented in Python. Libraries like NLTK, Tensorflow and
Keras may be used for Machine learning experiments.

Suggested list of Experiments (not limited to):

1. Implement Depth-First Search (DFS) on a small graph.

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2. Solve the Water Jug Problem using Breadth First Search (BFS).
3. Implement a Hill Climbing search to find the peak in a numeric dataset.
4. Apply the A* Search algorithm to find the shortest path in a 4x4 grid.
5. Represent and evaluate propositional logic expressions.
6. Apply optimization techniques to find the maximum value in a list.
7. Using Python NLTK, perform the following Natural Language Processing (NLP) tasks for text
content.
a) Tokenizing
b) Filtering Stop Words
c) Stemming
d) Part of Speech tagging
e) Chunking
f) Named Entity Recognition (NER)

Implement any 2 of the following Mini Projects:

1. Implement the Minimax search algorithm for 2-player games. You may use a game tree with
3 plies.
2. Solve the 4 – Queens Problem as a CSP backtracking problem.
3. Use constraint propagation to solve a Magic Square puzzle.
4. Implement a basic rule-based expert system for weather classification.
5. Implement a basic AI agent with simple decision-making rules.
6. Implement a basic Rule-Based Chatbot.
7. Perform Image classification for a given dataset using CNN. You may use Tensorflow /Keras.

******

Database Management Systems- II

UGCC2523 Database Management Systems- II 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: Explain concurrency control mechanisms.
CO2: Describe various data storage and indexing techniques.
CO3: Design NOSQL databases.

Prerequisite: Basic knowledge of Set Theory.

Course Content:

UNIT I:
Transaction Management: ACID Properties, Transactions and Schedules, Concurrent
Execution of Transactions, Lock-Based Concurrency Control, Performance of Locking,

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Transaction Support in SQL, Introduction to Crash Recovery, 2PL, Serializability, and

Recoverability, Introduction to Lock Management, Dealing with Deadlocks.

UNIT II:
Database Storage and Indexing: Data on External Storage, File Organizations and Indexing,
Index Data Structures, Comparison of File Organizations, Indexes and Performance Tuning,
Guidelines for Index Selection, Basic Examples of Index Selection. Database Security and
Advanced Topics: Introduction to Database Security, Access
Control, Discretionary Access Control.

UNIT III:
NoSQL Databases and Big Data: Introduction to NoSQL, Data Models: Document, Key
value, Column family, Graph. Uses and Features of NO/SQL document databases. CAP
theorem, BASE vs ACID, CRUD operations, Overview of Big Data Technologies: Hadoop,
MongoDB, Cassandra. Installation of Implementation of MongoDB operators.

UNIT IV:

Introduction to Data Warehousing, OLAP, Data Mining. Types of data mining, data pre-
processing, Attribute-Oriented Induction, Association rule mining, Frequent itemset mining,
The Apriori Algorithm, Overview of classification, Classification process, Decision tree,
Decision Tree Induction, Attribute Selection Measures.

Text Books
1. Raghu Ramakrishnan, Johannes Gehrke, “Database Management Systems”, third
edition, McGraw – Hill, 2018
2. Benjamin Rosenzweig, Elena Rakhimov, “Oracle PL/SQL by Example”, fifth edition,
Prentice Hall, 2015
3. Brad Dayley, “NoSQL with MongoDB in 24 Hours”, 1st edition, Sams Publishing,
2024
Reference Books
1. Korth, Silbertz, Sudarshan,” Database System Concepts”, Seventh Edition, McGraw
- Hill.(2019)
2. R.P. Mahapatra, Govind Verma, “Database Management Systems”, Khanna
Publishing House, 2025.

Web Resources
1. https://oracle-base.com/articles
2. https://forums.oracle.com/ords/apexds/domain/devcommunity/category/sql_and_pl_sq
l
3. https://asktom.oracle.com/ords/f?p=100:1:0

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******
Database Management Systems- II Laboratory

UGCC2524 Database Management Systems- II 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Laboratory

MongoDB Queries
1. Create a collection and insert documents into it using insertOne() and insertMany()
2. Select all documents in collection
3. Find the count of all suppliers
4. Find all records that have city = ‘Delhi’
5. Retrieve all documents that have color equal to ‘red’ or ‘green’
6. Retrieve all documents where part_name is ‘P1’ or price is less than 200.
7. Update the record of ‘Geeta’ ,set city = ‘Bombay’ and phoneno = ‘11223344’
8. Delete all records where price is greater than 5000
9. Display only the name and city of the supplier
10. Sort all suppliers on city and display only the first two records.

Weka for data mining

1 Installation of Weka/ R Tool.

2 Introduction to various components of WEKA/ R tool.
3 Fundamental programming using WEKA/ R tool.
4 Implementing data preprocessing.
5 Implementing apriori algorithm.
6 Implementing classification using decision tree.

******

Professional Elective -II

DSE202* Professional Elective -I 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

(Data Science/ AIML/ Full Stack
Development )

Refer to Appendix–I for Professional Electives and choose either one specialization from the
basket of Data Science /Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning/ Full Stack
Development.

******

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UGSEC2509 Design Thinking and Innovation 1L:0T:0P 1 Credits

Course Objectives:

Operating under turbulent and uncertain business environment, ‘innovation’ has become the key
driver of organizational success for all companies. Managers are expected to be leading this
change by navigating companies into rapid evolution of new products/services and business
models.

The primary focus of DTI is to help learners develop creative thinking skills and apply design
based approaches/tools for identifying and implementing innovation opportunities into
implementable projects. Following a learning-by-doing approach, the objectives of the course
are –
1. Introduce students to design-based thinking approach to solve problems
2. Observe and assimilate unstructured information to well framed solvable problems
3. Introduce student to templates of ideation
4. Understand the importance of prototyping in the innovation journey 5.
Implementing innovation projects

Course Content:

Unit 1: Basics of Design Thinking

1. Understand the concept of innovation and its significance in business
2. Understanding creative thinking process and problem solving approaches
3. Know Design Thinking approach and its objective
4. Design Thinking and customer centricity – real world examples of customer challenges,
use of Design Thinking to Enhance Customer Experience, Parameters of Product
experience, Alignment of Customer Expectations with Product.
5. Discussion of a few global success stories like AirBnB, Apple, IDEO, Netflix etc.
6. Explain the four stages of Design Thinking Process – Empathize, Define, Ideate,
Prototype, Implement

Unit 2: Learning to Empathize and Define the Problem

1. Know the importance of empathy in innovation process – how can students develop
empathy using design tools
2. Observing and assimilating information
3. Individual differences & Uniqueness Group Discussion and Activities to encourage the
understanding, acceptance and appreciation of individual differences.
4. What are wicked problems
5. Identifying wicked problems around us and the potential impact of their solutions

Unit 3 : Ideate, Prototype and Implement

1. Know the various templates of ideation like brainstorming, systems thinking
2. Concept of brainstorming – how to reach consensus on wicked problems
3. Mapping customer experience for ideation
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4. Know the methods of prototyping, purpose of rapid prototyping.

5. Implementation

Unit 4 : Feedback, Re-Design & Re-Create

1. Feedback loop, focus on User Experience, address ergonomic challenges, user focused
design
2. Final concept testing,
3. Final Presentation – Solving Problems through innovative design concepts & creative
solution

Text Books (Latest Edition):

1. E Balaguruswamy (2023), Developing Thinking Skills (The way to Success), Khanna
Book Publishing Company
2. Tim Brown, (2008), “Change by Design: How Design Thinking Transforms
Organizations and Inspires Innovation”, Harvard Business Review
3. 8 steps to Innovation by R T Krishnan & V Dabholkar, Collins Publishing

Reference Book
1. Design Thinking by Nigel Cross, Bloomsbury

Course Outcome(s):
By the end of the course, students will be able to –
● Propose real-time innovative product designs and Choose appropriate frameworks,
strategies, techniques during prototype development.

● Know wicked problems and how to frame them in a consensus manner that is agreeable
to all stakeholders using appropriate frameworks, strategies, techniques during
prototype development.
● Analyze emotional experience and Inspect emotional expressions to better understand
users while designing innovative products

*********
Basics of Data Analytics using Spreadsheet

UGDSE101 Basics of Data Analytics using Spreadsheet 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: Understand the basics of data analytics and its applications.
CO2: Develop proficiency in using spreadsheet software for data manipulation and
analysis.
CO3: Build and use spreadsheet models for decision making & Communicate data
insights effectively

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Prerequisite: Knowledge on basics of mathematical & Statistical concepts such as arithmetic,

percentages, averages, and basic algebra.

Course Content:
UNIT I: Introduction to Data Analytics
Understanding data and its types (structured, unstructured, semi-structured)-What is Data
Analytics- Types of data Analytics-Importance of Data Analytics- Applications of Data
Analytics.

UNIT II: Data, Ethics, and Industry: Case Studies

Data Collection Methods - Different Data Sources & format - Data Cleaning and
Transformation - Handling Missing Data and Outliers. - Ethical considerations in data
analytics. - Real-world Applications of Data Analytics- Industry-specific applications
(finance, marketing, operations) - Case Study
Note: Case study is for discussion not to be considered for evaluation.

Text Books
1. “Beginner's Guide for Data Analysis using R Programming” by Jeeva Jose,
Khanna Publishing House, 2024.
2. “Data Analytics” by V.K. Jain, Khanna Book Publishing Company, 2024.
3. “Excel Data Analysis For Dummies" by Stephen L. Nelson and E. C. Nelson, John Wiley
& Sons; 3rd edition, 2016
4. "Data Analysis Using Microsoft Excel" by Michael R. Middleton, Thomson,
Brooks/Cole, 3rd edition , 2004

Reference Books
1. "Excel 2019 Bible" by Michael Alexander, Richard Kusleika, and John Walkenbach,
John Wiley & Sons, 25 Sept 2018
2. "Spreadsheet Modeling and Decision Analysis: A Practical Introduction to Business
Analytics" by Cliff T Ragsdale, Cegage learning asia pet. 2015
3. “Mastering Excel” by WebTech Solutions, Khanna Publishing House, 2024.

******

Basics of Data Analytics using Spreadsheet Laboratory

UGDSE102 Basics of Data Analytics using Spreadsheet 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits
Laboratory

PART – A: Understanding and Describing the Data

Introduction to Excel and Basic Functions

1. Getting started with Excel: Workbook, Worksheet, Cells, and Ranges
2. Data entry and basic formatting techniques

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3. Using basic arithmetic functions: SUM, AVERAGE, MIN, MAX, ROUND

4. Introduction to cell referencing: relative, absolute, and mixed

Data Importing and Pre-processing

1. Importing data from various sources (CSV, text files, web data)
2. Data cleaning: removing duplicates, handling missing data, and standardizing formats
3. Data transformation: text-to-columns, data validation techniques
4. Using the "Find & Replace" and "Text Functions" (LEFT, RIGHT, MID,
CONCATENATE)

Descriptive Statistics Using Excel

1. Calculating measures of central tendency: mean, median, mode
2. Computing measures of dispersion: range, variance, standard deviation
3. Creating and interpreting frequency distributions and histograms
4. Using Excel’s "Data Analysis Toolpak" for basic statistical analysis

PART- B: Beyond the Basics: Visualizing and Communicating Data

Advanced Spreadsheet Functions

1. Using logical functions: IF, AND, OR, IFERROR
2. Lookup and reference functions: VLOOKUP, HLOOKUP, INDEX, MATCH
3. Data aggregation techniques: SUMIFS, COUNTIFS, AVERAGEIFS
4. Text functions for data manipulation: TRIM, CLEAN, TEXT, RIGHT, LRFT, MID

Data Visualization Techniques

1. Creating various chart types: bar, line, pie, scatter
2. Advanced charting techniques: combo charts, dual-axis charts
3. Data visualization best practices: choosing the right chart, formatting, and styling
4. Creating and customizing PivotTables and Pivot Charts

Dashboard Creation
1. Introduction to dashboards: concepts and components
2. Using PivotTables and Pivot Charts for dashboard elements
3. Applying conditional formatting for dynamic visual cues 4. Creating interactive
dashboards with slicers and timeline
*******

Data Visualization

UGDSE103 Data Visualization 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
CO1: Understand the fundamentals of data visualization and its importance.
CO2: Learn about visual perception and its impact on data interpretation.
CO3: Explore the ethical considerations and challenges in data visualization.
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CO4: Study different types of visualizations and their appropriate uses.

CO5: Utilize Power BI to create and customize various types of visualizations.

Prerequisite:
Familiarity with using a computer, including file management and basic software navigation.
Basic knowledge of data structures, such as tables and databases. Basic understanding of data
analysis concepts and familiarity with data types.

Course Content:

UNIT I: Introduction to Data Visualization

Definition and importance of data visualization-Role of data visualization in decision
makingTypes of data (numerical, categorical, temporal, geographical)-Data visualization
process (data collection, exploration, analysis, visualization, interpretation)-Challenges and
limitations of data visualization

UNIT II: Visualization tools & Data Storytelling

Overview of Visualization Tools (e.g., Excel, Tableau, Power BI, Python)- Comparing and
contrasting features and Use Cases among these tools.
Principles of Data Storytelling: Narrative and Context-Best Practices for Dashboard Layout and
Interactivity

UNIT III: Designing Effective Visualizations

Principles of Good Visualization Design - Understanding and Using Color in Visualizations –
Importance of Data Modelling in Visualization.

Text Books
1. "Storytelling with Data: A Data Visualization Guide for Business Professionals" Cole
Nussbaumer Knaflic, Wiley; 1st edition, 2015.
2. “The Visual Display of Quantitative Information” by Edward Tufte, Graphics Press
USA; 2nd edition, 2001.
Reference Books
1. "Data Visualization: A Practical Introduction" Kieran Healy, Princeton University Press,
2018.
2. "Analyzing Data with Power BI and Power Pivot for Excel", Alberto Ferrari and Marco
Russo, Microsoft Press; 1st edition, 2017.
3. "Microsoft Power BI Complete Reference", Devin Knight, Brian Knight, Mitchell
Pearson, and Manuel Quintana, Packt Publishing; 1st edition, 2018.

Web Resources
1. https://learn.microsoft.com/en-us/power-bi/
2. https://www.storytellingwithdata.com/
3. https://jpsm.umd.edu/sites/jpsm.umd.edu/files/syllabi/Syllabus_Introduction%20to%2
0 Data%20Visualization_Spring%202024.pdf

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******

Data Visualization Laboratory

UGDSE104 Data Visualization Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Lab Programs for Data Visualization Using Power BI

Introduction to Power BI Interface and Basics
1. Installation and interface overview
2. Exploring the Power BI workspace: Ribbon, panes, and canvas.
3. Importing data from Excel and CSV files.
4. Introduction to multiple data sources
5. Basic report creation: Adding visuals and saving a report.
Data Transformation and Preparation
1. Using Power Query Editor
2. Cleaning data: Removing duplicates, handling missing values.
3. Transforming data: Splitting columns, changing data types, renaming columns.
4. Merging and appending queries.
5. Creating custom columns and calculated columns

Data Modeling
1. Creating relationships between tables
2. Identifying and resolving data inconsistencies
3. Creating calculated columns and measures

Creating Basic Visualizations

1. Creating various chart types (bar, column, line, pie, area, etc.,)
2. Formatting and customizing visualizations

Publishing and Sharing Reports

1. Publishing a report to Power BI Service.
2. Sharing reports and dashboards with team members.
3. Setting up data refresh schedules and managing permissions.

Feature Engineering

UGDSE201 Feature Engineering 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Prerequisite: Basic knowledge of data analytics/machine learning and familiarity with any
programming language.

Course Outcomes

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Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

CO1: Understand the importance of features in machine learning and differentiate between
various types of data and features (structured vs. unstructured, categorical, numerical,
text, and date-time).
CO2: Apply basic feature preprocessing techniques such as handling missing data, data
cleaning, and feature scaling and normalization.
CO3: Implement feature engineering techniques for numerical data, including binning,
discretization, polynomial and interaction features, and log transformation.
CO4: Utilize categorical data techniques, such as one-hot encoding and label encoding, and
understand feature selection methods, including filter and wrapper methods.
CO5: Perform feature transformation using techniques like Principal Component Analysis
(PCA) and understand its application in machine learning.

Course Content:

UNIT I: Introduction to Feature Engineering

Introduction to Data and Features: Importance of Features in Machine Learning. Data types
and features: Numerical, Categorical, Ordinal, Discrete, Continuous, Interval and Ratio.
Basic Feature Preprocessing: Handling Missing Data, Data Cleaning, Feature Scaling,
Normalization, and Transformation.

UNIT II: Feature Engineering Techniques

Techniques for Numerical Data: Binning and Discretization, Polynomial and Interaction
Features. Categorical Data Techniques: One Hot Encoding, Label Encoding. Feature
extraction vs. feature selection, Steps in feature selection. Feature Selection Methods: Filter,
Wrapper, and Hybrid. Feature Reduction: Introduction and application of Principal
Components Analysis.

Text Books
1. M.C. Trivedi, Data Science and Data Analytics Using Python Programming, Khanna
Publishing House, 2024.
2. Zheng, Alice, & Casari, Amanda. (2018). Feature engineering for machine learning:
Principles and techniques for data scientists. O'Reilly Media, Inc.
3. Kalita, J. K., Bhattacharyya, D. K., & Roy, S. (2023). Fundamentals of Data Science:
Theory and Practice. Elsevier. ISBN-13: 9780323917780.

Reference Books:
1. Duda, R. O., Hart, P. E., Stork, D (2007). Pattern classification (2Ed), John Wiley & Sons,
ISBN-13: 978-8126511167.
2. N. Bhaskar, Vasundhara, Machine Learning, Khanna Publishing House, 2024.
3. M.C. Trivedi, Deep Learning and Neural Network_MC Trivedi, Khanna Publishing
House, 2024.
4. Ng, Andrew. (2018). Machine learning yearning (Draft, MIT Licensed). GitHub. ISBN-
10: 199957950X, ISBN-13: 978-1999579500.
5. Han, Jiawei, Kamber, Micheline, & Pei, Jian. (2011). Data mining: Concepts and
techniques (3rd ed.). Morgan Kaufmann Publishers. ISBN 978-0123814791.
82
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

6. Tan, Pang-Ning, Steinbach, Michael, Karpatne, Anuj, & Kumar, Vipin. (2021).
Introduction to data mining (2nd ed.). Pearson. ISBN 978-9354491047.
7. Provost, Foster, & Fawcett, Tom. (2013). Data science for business: What you need to
know about data mining and data-analytic thinking. O'Reilly Media, Inc.
8. Galli, Soledad. (2020). Python feature engineering cookbook: Over 70 recipes for
creating, engineering, and transforming features to build machine learning models. Packt
Publishing, Limited.
9. Nielsen, Aileen. (2019). Practical time series analysis: Prediction with statistics and
machine learning. O'Reilly Media.
10. Rajiv Chopra, Deep Learning, Khanna Publishing House, 2024.
11. Jeeva Jose, Machine Learning, Khanna Publishing House, 2024.
12. Chollet, François. (2017). Deep learning with Python. Manning Publications. ISBN
9781617294433.

******

83
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Feature Engineering Laboratory

UGDSE202 Feature Engineering Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Prerequisite: Knowledge of Python Programming language

Course Outcomes
CO1: Demonstrate proficiency in handling and preprocessing missing data, including
filling missing values and cleaning invalid data entries.
CO2: Apply feature scaling techniques, such as Min-Max normalization, and perform
exploratory data analysis through data visualization methods like histograms and
boxplots.
CO3: Implement feature engineering techniques, including binning, polynomial feature
creation, and logarithmic transformations on numerical data.
CO4: Perform text data preprocessing tasks, such as tokenization, stemming,
lemmatization, and apply TF-IDF and Bag-of-Words transformations.
CO5: Apply image and time series data augmentation and decomposition techniques to
enhance and analyze image and time series data.

LAB Experiments
The lab experiments can be implemented in Python using relevant libraries such as numpy,
pandas, sklearn, nltk, matplotlib, and seaborn. Kaggle datasets, public repositories (e.g.,
UCI, f etc.), or generated datasets can be used for conducting the experiments. Experiments
may be conducted on numerical, image, or time-series datasets.

List of Experiments:

1. Handle missing values in column(s) of a dataset. For example, fill missing values
with the mean/median/mode of the columns such as ‘Age’, ‘Height’, ‘Weight’,
‘Grade’ for a dataset.
2. Clean a dataset by identifying and removing invalid data entries. For example, a
dataset having columns 'Name', ‘Gender’ and 'Age' where 'Name' contains 'invalid
data'.
3. Scale numerical features using Min-Max normalization for a dataset with columns
like ‘Height', ‘Weight’.
4. Perform exploratory data analysis and visualize data distributions using histograms
and boxplots.
5. Compute and visualize the correlation matrix of a dataset with 2 or more columns.
6. Bin numerical data into discrete intervals for a dataset with a column containing
numerical values.
7. Create polynomial and interaction features from numerical data in a dataset with
two columns.
8. Apply logarithmic transformation to skewed numerical features in a dataset with
column 'Distance'.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

9. Perform one-hot encoding on categorical features in a dataset with column

'Category' containing categorical values. The distinct values in the Category feature
are [Good, Better, Best] and Gender [Male, Female].
10. Preprocess text data (tokenization) for a dataset with a column 'Text'.
11. Preprocess text data (stemming) for a dataset with a column 'Text'.
12. Preprocess text data (lemmatization) for a dataset with a column 'Text'.
13. Convert text data into a Bag-of-Words representation for a dataset with a column
'Text'.
14. Apply TF-IDF transformation to text data for a column 'Text'.
15. Perform image augmentation (resizing, normalization, rotation, translation) for a set
of images.
16. Perform image augmentation resizing for a set of images.
17. Perform image augmentation normalization for a set of images.
18. Perform image augmentation rotation for a set of images.
19. Perform image augmentation translation for a set of images.
20. Decompose a time series into trend, seasonal, and residual components for a dataset
with a column 'TimeSeries'.
21. Perform Principal Component Analysis (PCA) on a dataset and visualize the first
two principal components.

********

Introduction to Machine Learning

UGDSE203 Introduction to Machine Learning 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Prerequisites: Basic knowledge of statistics and probability. Familiarity with fundamental

programming concepts and proficiency in Python.

Course Outcomes
CO1: Define and explain machine learning concepts, types, and basic metrics.
CO2: Implement and apply supervised learning techniques (e.g., KNN, Linear Regression,
Logistic Regression).
CO3: Apply unsupervised learning methods (e.g., K-Means, Hierarchical Clustering,
Association Rules).
CO4: Develop and evaluate simple machine learning models (e.g., Perceptron, single-layer
neural networks).
CO5: Analyze and apply appropriate machine learning algorithms depending on the
problems with some real-world data.

Course Content:

UNIT I: Introduction to Machine Learning

 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Introduction: Definition, History and Application of Machine Learning, Types of Machine

Learning: Supervised, Unsupervised, Semi-Supervised, and Reinforcement Learning.
Labeled and Unlabelled Dataset. Supervised Learning Tasks: Regression vs. Classification,
Learning Framework: Training, Validation and Testing of ML models. Performance
Evaluation Parameters: Confusion matrix, Accuracy, Precision, Recall, F1 Score, and AUC.

UNIT II: Supervised Learning and Unsupervised Learning

Regression: Linear and non-linear Regression, Logistic Regression. Classification: Naïve
Bayes, K-Nearest Neighbors, Decision Trees. Linear model: Introduction to Artificial Neural
Networks, Perceptron Learning Algorithm, Single Layer Perceptron, Introduction to Support
Vector Machine for linearly separable data. Clustering: K-Means, Hierarchical Clustering,
DBSCAN, Clustering Validation Measures. ML Applications: Ethical Considerations in
Machine Learning, Case study and Real-world Applications.

Text Books:
1. Pooja Sharma (2024), Simplified Machine Learning, BPB Publications.
2. Jeeva Jose (2023), Introduction to Machine Learning, Khanna Publishing House.
3. Mitchell T. (1997). Machine Learning, First Edition, McGraw-Hill.
4. Kalita, J. K., Bhattacharyya, D. K., & Roy, S. (2023). Fundamentals of Data
Science: Theory and Practice. Elsevier. ISBN9780323917780
Reference Books:
1. Flach, P. A. (2012). Machine Learning: The Art and Science of Algorithms that
Make Sense of Data. Cambridge University Press. ISBN: 9781107422223, 2012.
2. Duda, R. O., Hart, P. E., Stork, D (2007). Pattern classification ( 2Ed), John Wiley
& Sons, ISBN-13: 978-8126511167.
3. Haykin S. (2009). Neural Networks and Learning Machines, Third Edition, PHI
Learning.
4. Chollet, F. (2018). Deep Learning with Python. Manning Publications.
5. Bishop, C. M. (2006). Pattern Recognition and Machine Learning. Springer.
6. Goodfellow, I., Bengio, Y., & Courville, A. (2016). Deep Learning. MIT Press.
7. Géron, A. (2017). Hands-On Machine Learning with Scikit-Learn and TensorFlow:
Concepts, Tools, and Techniques to Build Intelligent Systems* (1st ed.). O'Reilly
Media.

******

Introduction to Machine Learning Laboratory

UGDSE204 Introduction to Machine Learning 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

Laboratory
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Prerequisites: Understanding of machine learning algorithms and concepts (e.g.,

classification, clustering, regression). Proficiency in Python programming, with experience
using libraries such as NumPy, pandas, Scikit-Learn, NLTK, Matplotlib, and Seaborn.

Course Outcomes

CO1: Implement and evaluate supervised learning techniques, including K-Nearest

Neighbors, linear regression, and logistic regression, and measure model
performance using accuracy, precision, recall, and F1 score.
CO2: Apply and visualize clustering algorithms such as K-Means, hierarchical clustering,
and DBSCAN on datasets. This practical application helps you understand their
realworld use.
CO3: Perform dimensionality reduction using Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and
interpret the results.
CO4: Develop and assess classification models using random forests, support vector
machines, and neural networks.
CO5: Demonstrate ensemble learning concepts through bagging with random forests and
boosting with the AdaBoost algorithm.

LAB Experiments
The lab experiments may be implemented in Python using relevant ML libraries, and datasets
from Kaggle, public repositories, or generated datasets.

Suggested list of Experiments (not limited to):

1. Implement linear regression on a dataset and visualize the regression line.

2. Implement logistic regression on a binary classification dataset and plot the decision
boundary.
3. Implement and evaluate the performance of Decision tree ID3/Cart classifier for any
given dataset.
4. Implement and evaluate the performance of the Naive Bayes Classifier on a given
dataset.
5. Build and evaluate a random forest classifier using a numerical dataset.
6. Implement a support vector machine for linearly separable classes and visualize the
margins and decision boundary.
7. Implement K-Means clustering on a point dataset and visualize and evaluate the
clusters.
8. Implement hierarchical clustering on a dataset and plot the dendrogram.
9. Implement DBSCAN clustering on a dataset and visualize and evaluate the clusters.
10. Perform Principal Components Analysis (PCA) and apply any one or more
classifiers to show the performance variation with or without feature reduction.
11. Build a single layer perceptron model to classify AND, OR, and XOR problems
(may use TensorFlow/Keras) and visualize their decision boundaries. Also evaluate
its performance.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

12. Demonstrate the concept of boosting using the AdaBoost algorithm.

******

Web Programming-I

UGDSE301 Web Programming-I 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
1. To introduce students to server-side web development using PHP.
2. To equip students with skills to design interactive and dynamic web pages.
3. To integrate PHP with databases for full-stack development.
4. To provide exposure to file handling, session management, and secure
authentication.

Prerequisite:

Basic programming (C/Python), HTML, and basic SQL understanding

Course Content:

UNIT I: Introduction to PHP Programming

Server-side scripting overview, Introduction to PHP: syntax, variables, constants,
Data types, expressions, operators, Control structures: if, else, switch, loops,
Functions in PHP, Handling HTML forms with GET and POST, Embedding PHP
into HTML.

UNIT II: Arrays, Strings, and File Handling in PHP

Arrays: indexed, associative, and multidimensional, Array functions: sorting, merging,
searching, String functions: manipulation and formatting, File handling: open, read,
write, append, delete, File uploads in forms, Introduction to cookies and sessions

UNIT III: Backend Development & Databases

Introduction to Server-side Programming, Node.js or PHP (pick one based on course
goals), Express.js for routing (if using Node), Handling GET/POST requests,
Session and cookie management, Introduction to Databases, MySQL/PostgreSQL or
MongoDB, CRUD operations, Connecting backend with database, JSON and REST
APIs.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Textbooks
1. “PHP & MySQL Web Development” by Luke Welling & Laura Thomson – Pearson Education
2. “Learning PHP, MySQL & JavaScript” by Robin Nixon – O’Reilly Media

Reference Books
1. “Core PHP Programming” by Leon Atkinson – Pearson Education
2. “PHP 7 Programming Cookbook” by Doug Bierer – Packt Publishing
3. “Murach’s PHP and MySQL” by Joel Murach – Mike Murach & Associates

******

Web Programming-I Laboratory

UGDSE302 Web Programming-I Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credit

List of Experiments:

1. Create simple PHP scripts for form input, conditions, and loops.
2. Build a feedback form using GET/POST.
3. Build a contact form that stores data into a text file.
4. Create a session-based login system.
5. Develop a user registration form that stores data in MySQL.
6. Mini Project: Examples – Blog system, Inventory manager, Task tracker.
7. Deploy project on local server or free hosting platform.
8. Display data from database using PHP in table format.

Tools & Platforms

1. XAMPP / WAMP / LAMP stack
2. phpMyAdmin
3. VS Code / Sublime Text
4. Git & GitHub (basics)

******
Web Programming-II

UGDSE303 Web Programming-II 3L:0T:0P 3 Credits

Course Objectives
1. To understand and apply core concepts of full-stack web development using
JavaScript.
2. To build server-side applications and REST APIs using Node.js and Express.js.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

3. To design interactive front-end interfaces using React.js and state management.

4. To integrate front-end and back-end applications and deploy them on cloud
platforms.

Prerequisite:

Basic programming (C/Python), HTML, and basic SQL understanding

Course Content:

UNIT I: Foundations of Full-Stack JavaScript & Node.js Back-End

Introduction to Full-Stack Development and JavaScript Ecosystem, Node.js: Setup,

npm, Modules, REPL, File System, Asynchronous Programming: Callbacks,
Promises, Async/Await, Express.js: Setting up a Server, Routing, Middleware,
Handling HTTP Methods: GET, POST, PUT, DELETE, RESTful API Design,
Working with JSON and Postman, CRUD Operations using MongoDB (or MySQL),
Connecting Node.js with Database (MongoDB/Mongoose or MySQL).

UNIT II: Front-End Development with React.js

Introduction to SPA and React.js, JSX Syntax and Virtual DOM, Functional
Components vs Class Components, Props and State, Event Handling and Conditional
Rendering, Lists and Keys, React Router for Navigation, Forms and Controlled
Components, useState and useEffect Hooks, Fetching Data from APIs using fetch() or
axios.
UNIT III: Integrating React with Node.js & Deployment
Connecting React Front-End with Node/Express API, Cross-Origin Resource
Sharing (CORS), Managing Form Submission and API Requests, Authentication:
Introduction to JWT (JSON Web Tokens), Simple Login/Signup Workflow (Session
or Token-based), Full-Stack Project Structure & Best Practices, Introduction to
Deployment (Netlify, Render, Vercel, Heroku), Environment Variables and .env
files, Build and Deploy Full-Stack Application.

Text Books:
1. Alex Banks, Eve Porcello, Learning React: Modern Patterns for Developing React Apps, O’Reilly
Media.
5. David Herron, Node.js Web Development, Packt Publishing.
Reference Books:
1. Amos Q. Haviv, Full Stack JavaScript Development with MEAN, Packt Publishing.
6. Mario Casciaro, Luciano Mammino, Node.js Design Patterns, Packt Publishing.
7. Vasan Subramanian, Pro MERN Stack: Full Stack Web App Development with Mongo,
Express, React, and Node, Apress.
8. Official Documentation – React Docs, Node.js Docs, Express.js Docs, MongoDB Docs.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Web Programming-II Laboratory

UGDSE304 Web Programming-II Laboratory 0L:0T:2P 1 Credits

List of experiments

1. Build a simple REST API (e.g., Todo List API)

2. Connect API to MongoDB and test with Postman
3. Create a React App (e.g., Weather App, Movie Search)
4. Build multi-page navigation with React Router
5. Consume a public API and display data
6. Full-stack mini project (e.g., Blog System, Task Tracker, Notes App)
7. Deploy both frontend and backend
8. Store user data and render dynamic views

Online Resources / References:

• Node.js Docs
• React Docs
• MDN Web Docs
• MongoDB University Courses
• FreeCodeCamp Full-Stack Course
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Appendix – II

Indian Knowledge
Systems(IKS)
IKS-I: Indian Knowledge Systems and Traditions

Course Objectives
• To sensitize the students about context in which they are embeded i.e.
Indian culture and civilisation including its Knowledge System and
Tradition.
• To help student to understand the knowledge, art and creative practices,
skills and values in ancient Indian system.
• To help to study the enriched scientific Indian heritage.
• To introduce the contribution from Ancient Indian system & tradition to
modern science & Technology

Detailed contents:

Module 1: Introduction to IKS

(Any eight of total sessions assigned for Literary activity)
Introductory lecture on the any eight topics below:
1. Indian Knowledge System
2. Indian Culture & Civilization
3. Ancient Indian Chemistry
4. Ancient Indian Metallurgy
5. Ancient Indian Mathematics
6. Ancient Indian Astronomy
7. Indian Astronomical Instruments
8. Indian Knowledge System (Upveda: Ayurveda)
9. Indian Knowledge System (Upveda: Gandharveda)
10. Indian Knowledge System (Vedangas: Shiksha, Kalpa, Vyakrana)
11. Indian Knowledge System (Vedangas: Jyotisha, Nirukta, Chandas)
12. Indian Architecture I: Sthapatya-Veda
13. Indian Architecture II: Temples
14. Indian Architecture III: Town & Planning
15. Indian Philosophical System
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Module 2: Introduction to Creative Practices

(Twenty Lectures with at least Five different topics of total session under Creative
activity) Introductory lecture on the topics below:

1. Dhatuvada: art of metallurgy

2. Akara jnana: art of mineralogy
3. Vastuvidya: art of engineering
4. Yantramatrika: art of mechanics
5. Takshana: art of carpentry
6. Chalitakayoga: art of practicing as a builder of shrines
7. Raupyaratnapariksha: art of testing silver and jewels
8. Maniraga jnana: art of tinging jewels
9. Sucivayakarma: art of needleworks and weaving
10. Vadya vidya: art of playing on musical instruments
11. Geet vidya : art of singing
12. Nritya vidya: art of dancing
13. Natya vidya: art of theatricals
14. Alekhya vidya: art of painting
15. Viseshakacchedya vidya: art of painting the face and body with color
16. Udakavadya: art of playing on music in water
17. Manasi kavyakriya: art of composing verse
18. Bhushanayojana: art of applying or setting ornaments
19. Citrasakapupabhakshyavikarakriya: art of preparing varieties of
delicious food
20. Dasanavasanangaraga: art of applying preparations for cleansing the
teeth, cloths and painting the body
21. Utsadana: art of healing or cleaning a person with perfumes
22. Vastragopana: art of concealment of cloths
23. Balakakridanaka: art of using children’s toys
24. Tandulakusumabalivikara: art of preparing offerings from rice and
flowers
25. Pushpastarana: art of making a covering of flowers for a bed

References:
1. Textbook on IKS by Prof. B Mahadevan, IIM Bengaluru
2. Kapur K and Singh A.K (Eds) 2005). Indian Knowledge Systems, Vol. 1.
Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. Tatvabodh of
sankaracharya, Central chinmay mission trust, Bombay, 1995.
3. The Cultural Heritage of India. Vol.I. Kolkata:Ramakrishna Mission
Publication, 1972.
4. Nair, Shantha N. Echoes of Ancient Indian Wisdom. New Delhi: Hindology
Books, 2008.
5. Dr. R. C. Majumdar, H. C. Raychaudhuri and Kalikinkar Datta: An
Advanced History of India (Second Edition) published by Macmillan &
Co., Limited, London, 1953.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

6. Rao, N. 1970. The Four Values in Indian Philosophy and Culture. Mysore:
University of Mysore.
7. Avari, B. 2016. India: The Ancient Past: A History of the Indian
Subcontinent from c. 7000
BCE to CE 1200. London: Routledge.

******
IKS-II: Indian Culture and Civilization

Course Objectives

• To introduce fundamentals of Ancient Indian Educations to understand

the pattern and purpose of studying vedas, vedangas, upangas, upveda,
purana & Itihasa
• To help students to trace, identify and develop the ancient knowledge
systems.
• To help to understand the apparently rational, verifiable and universal
solution from ancient Indian knowledge system for the holistic
development of physical, mental and spiritual wellbeing
• To build in the learners a deep rooted pride in Indian knowledge,
committed to universal human right, well-being and sustainable
development.

Detailed contents:

Module 1: Introduction to IKS

Caturdaśa Vidyāsthānam, 64 Kalas, Shilpa Śāstra, Four Vedas, Vedāṅga,

Indian Philosophical Systems, Vedic Schools of Philosophy ( Sāṃkhya
and Yoga, Nyaya and Vaiśesika, Pūrva-Mīmāṃsā and Vedānta), Non-
Vedic schools of Philosophical Systems (Cārvāka, Buddhist, Jain),
Puranas (Maha-puranas,
Upa-Puranas and Sthala-Puranas), Itihasa (Ramayana, Mahabharata),
Niti Sastras, Subhasitas

Module 2: Foundation concept for Science & Technology

Linguistics & Phonetics in Sanskrit (panini’s), Computational concepts in
Astadhyayi Importance of Verbs, Role of Sanskrit in Natural Language
Processing, Number System and Units of Measurement, concept of zero
and its importance, Large numbers & their representation, Place Value
of Numerals, Decimal System, Measurements for time, distance and
weight, Unique approaches to represent numbers (Bhūta Saṃkhya
System, Katapayādi System), Pingala and the Binary system, Knowledge
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Pyramid, Prameya – A Vaiśesikan approach to physical reality,

constituents of the physical reality, Pramāṅa, Saṃśaya

Module 3: Indian Mathematics & Astronomy in IKS

Indian Mathematics, Great Mathematicians and their contributions, Arithmetic
Operations, Geometry (Sulba Sutras, Aryabhatiya-bhasya), value of 𝜋𝜋,
Trigonometry, Algebra, Chandah Sastra of Pingala,

Indian Astronomy, celestial coordinate system, Elements of the Indian

Calendar Aryabhatiya and the Siddhantic Tradition Pancanga – The
Indian Calendar System Astronomical Instruments (Yantras) Jantar
Mantar or Raja Jai Singh Sawal.

Module 4: Indian Science & Technology in IKS [ Duration: 8 Lectures]

Indian S & T Heritage ,sixty-four art forms and occupational skills (64
Kalas) Metals and Metalworking technology (Copper, Gold, Zinc,
Mercury, Lead and Silver), Iron & Steel, Dyes and Painting Technology),
Town & Planning Architecture in India, Temple Architecture, Vastu
Sastra,
Module 5: Humanities & Social Sciences in IKS [ Duration: 8
Lectures]
Health, Wellness & Psychology, Ayurveda Sleep and Food, Role of water
in wellbeing Yoga way of life Indian approach to Psychology, the Triguṅa
System Body-Mind-Intellect- Consciousness Complex. Governance,
Public
Administration & Management reference to ramayana, Artha Sastra,
Kautilyan State

References:
1. Textbook on IKS by Prof. B Mahadevan, IIM Bengaluru.
2. Kapur K and Singh A. K (Eds) 2005). Indian Knowledge Systems, Vol. 1.
Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. Tatvabodh of
sankaracharya, Central chinmay mission trust, Bombay, 1995.
3. Nair, Shantha N. Echoes of Ancient Indian Wisdom. New Delhi: Hindology
Books, 2008.
4. SK Das, The education system of Ancient hindus, Gyan publication
house, India
5. BL Gupta,Value and distribution system in india, Gyan publication
house, India
6. Reshmi ramdhoni, Ancient Indian Culture and Civilisation, star
publication ,2018
7. Supriya Lakshmi Mishra, Culture and History of Ancient India (With
Special Reference of Sudras), 2020.
8. Gambirananda, Swami, Tr. Upanishads with the
Commentary of
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Sankarachrya. Kolkata: Advaita Ashrama publication Department, 2002.

9. Ranganathananda, Swami. The Massage of the Upanishads. Bombay:
Bharathya Vidya Bhaven, 1985.
10. Om Prakash, Religion and Society in Ancient India, Bhariya Vidhya
Prakashan, 1985
11. J Auboyer, Daily Life in Ancient India from Approximately 200 BC to AD
700, Munshi ram Manoharlal publication, 1994.
12. DK Chakkrabarty, Makkhan Lal, History of Ancient India (Set of 5
Volumes), Aryan book Internation publication, 2014
13. Dr. Girish Nath Jha, Dr. Umesh Kumar Singh and Diwakar Mishra,
Science and Technology in Ancient Indian Texts, DK Print World limited,
14. Swami BB Vishnu, Vedic Science and History - Ancient Indian's
Contribution to the Modern World, gosai publication, 2015
15. Chatterjee, S.C. The Nyaya Theory of Knowledge. Calcutta: University of
Calcutta Press, 1950.
16. Dasgupta, Surendra. A History of Indian Philosophy. Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass, 1991.Vols. III & IV.
17. Mercier, Jean L. From the Upanishads to Aurobindo. Bangalore: Asian
Trading Corporation, 2001.
18. M. Hiriyanna. Essentials of Indian Philosophy. London: Diane
Publications, 1985.
19. Hume, Robert Ernest, Tr. The Thirteen Principal Upanishads. Virginia:
Oxford University Press, 1931.
20. Radhakrishnan, S. Principal Upanishads. New York: Harper Collins,
1963.
21. Satprakashananda. The Methods of Knowledge according to Advaita
Vedanta. Calcutta: Advaita Ashram, 2005.
22. Potter, K.H. Encyclopaedia of Indian Philosophies, Vol.III. Delhi: Motilal
Banarasidass, 2000.

********

IKS-III: Indian Vision for Human Society (Vishva Kalyan thru

Vasudhaiva Kutumbkam)

Course Objectives
• To help the learner to understand the concept of “vasudhaiva
kutumbkam” and its realization process as an base for the development
of vision for a humane society.
• To help to identify the universality in humans and its coexistence in
existence
• To introduce the sense of responsibility, duties and participation of
individual for establishment of fearless society.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

• To help to understand the apparently rational, verifiable and universal

solution from ancient Indian knowledge system for the holistic
development of physical, mental and spiritual wellbeing of one and all, at
the level of individual, society, nation and ultimately the whole world.

Detailed contents:

Module 1: The world view & Vision of Human Society

The concept of non-duality of Prakriti (Jad) and Purush (Chetana),

human as coexistence of Jad & Chetan, Pancha-mahabhutas, the root of
sorrow and suffering, freedom from sorrow, salvation, eternal peace truth
(vyaharika satya), ultimate truth. The acceptance of various systems of
philosophy for realization of truth and complementariness in society in
ancient Indian system.

Module 2: Aspiration and Purpouse of Individual and Human Society

Aims of Human life; at individual level and societal level. At societal level;
Four purusarthas Dharma, Artha, Kama, Moksha. Individual level;
Abhyudaya (progress),
Nihsreyasa (perfection) Pravrtti , Nivrtti. Dharma; Dharma sutras
(Gautama, apastamba, baudhayana, vasistha). Dharma-Shastra;
(manusmriti, naradamrti, visnusmrti, yajnavalkya smriti) sociology,
different stages of life like studenthood, householdership, retirement and
renunciation, rites and duties, judicial matters, and personal laws
(Aachara, Vyavahara, Prayaschitta). Artha; Kautliya Arthashastra,
Kamandakiya Nitisara, Brihaspati Sutra, Sukra Niti,
Moksha: Human liberation (Ignorance to Knowledge)

Module 3: Program for Ensuring Human Purpose: at Individual and

Societal level –I
Fundamental concept of Nitishastra: Satyanishtha Aur Abhiruchi
(Ethics, Integrity & aptitude). The true nature of self; Shiksha Valli,
Bhrigu Valli (concept of Atman-Brahman (self, soul). The true
constitution of Human: Ananda Valli (Annamaya Kosha, Pranamaya
Kosha, Manomaya Kosha,
Vijnanamaya Kosha, Anandamaya Kosha). The four states of
consciousness
(Waking state, Dreaming state, Deep Sleep State, Turiya the fourth state),
Consciousness (seven limbs and nineteen mouths), Prajna, Awarness.
The Life Force Prana (Praana-Apaana-Vyaana-Udaana- Samaana)

Module 4: Program for Ensurimg Human Purpose: at Individual and

Societal level - II
Differentiating Vidya and Avidya, human bondages, Higher and Lower
Knowledge (Para Vidhya & Apara Vidhya). Concept of Sattva, Rajas,
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Tamas and need of balancing the same, Patanjali yog sutra; Yama,
Niyama, Asanas, pranayams, pratyahara, dharna, dhyana, Samadhi,
Sixteen category of padartha, pramans (pratyaksh, anuman, upaman,
shabda). Saadhana chatushtayam (viveka, vairagya, mumukshatavam,
shadsampathi (sama, dama, uparama, titiksha, shradha, samadhana),
Understanding Nitya karma, Naimittika Karma, Kamya karma,
prayaschitta karma, Nishidha Karma.
Meditation and Progressive meditation (Narada’s education), Ativadin to
selfknowledge, Jyan yog, Karma yog, sanyas yog in aspect to harmonious
practice in society

Module 5: Practices for Ensuring Human Purpose – III

Practice in philosophy, architecture, grammar, mathematics, astronomy,
metrics, sociology, economy and polity, ethics, geography, logic, military
science, weaponry, agriculture, mining, trade and commerce, metallurgy,
shipbuilding, medicine, poetics, biology and veterinary science.
References:
1. Maharaj swami chidatmanjee, Ancient Indian Society, Anmol publication
pt ltd, indi
2. S. C. Manerjee, Society in Ancient India: Evolution Since the Vedic Times
Based on Sanskrit, Pali, Pakrit and Other Classical Sources: No. 1
(Reconstructing Indian History and Culture), DK printing, India
3. Rao, N. 1970. The Four Values in Indian Philosophy and Culture. Mysore:
University of Mysore.
4. Chakraborti, K. 2001. Religious Process: The Puranas and the Making of
Regional Tradition, Delhi, OUP.
5. Kuhn, T. 1970. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions, (2nd ed.).
University of Chicago Press, USA.
6. Keith, A. (1925). The religion and philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads.
Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers.
7. Shendge, M. (1977). The civilized demons. The Harappans in Ṛgveda. New
Delhi: Abhinav Publications
8. Kane, P. 1941. History of Dharmashastra. Vol II, Part I. Poona:
Bhandarkar Oriental Research Institute.
9. The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and Upanishads. Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass.
10. Parpola, A. 2007. ‘Human Sacrifice in India in Vedic Times and Before’,
Chapter VIII, in The Strange World of Human Sacrifice, ed., J. Bremmer.
Leuven, Belgium: Peeters.
11. Textbook on IKS by Prof. B Mahadevan, IIM Bengaluru.
12. Kapur K and Singh A K (Eds) 2005). Indian Knowledge Systems, Vol. 1.
Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. Tatvabodh of
sankaracharya, Central chinmay mission trust, Bombay, 1995.
13. Keith, Arthur Berriedale. The Religion and Philosophy of the Veda and
Upanishads. 2 Vols. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass, 1970.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

14. Keith, A. (1925). The religion and philosophy of the Veda and
Upanishads. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass Publishers.
15. Nair, Shantha N. Echoes of Ancient Indian Wisdom. New Delhi: Hindology
Books, 2008.
16. R C Dutt, A history of civilization in ancient India, vol 1, Taylor & Francis,
US
17. R C Dutt, A history of civilization in ancient India, vol 2, Taylor & Francis,
US
18. SK Das , The education system of Ancient hindus, Gyan publication
house, India
19. BL Gupta,Value and disatribution system in india, Gyan publication
house, India
20. Reshmi ramdhoni, Ancient Indian Culture and Civilisation, star
publication ,2018
21. Supriya Lakshmi Mishra, Culture and History of Ancient India (With
Special Reference Of Sudras), 2020.
22. Om Prakash, Religion and Society in Ancient India , Bhariya Vidhya
Prakashan, 1985
23. J Auboyer, Daily Life in Ancient India from Approximately 200 BC to AD
700, Munshi ram Manoharlal publication, 1994.
24. DK Chakkrabarty, Makkhan Lal, History of Ancient India (Set of 5
Volumes), Aryan book Internation publication, 2014
25. Dr. Girish Nath Jha, Dr. Umesh Kumar Singh and Diwakar Mishra,
Science and Technology in Ancient Indian Texts, DK Print World limited,
26. Swami BB Vishnu, Vedic Science and History - Ancient Indian's
Contribution to the Modern World, gosai publication, 2015
27. Chatterjee, S.C. The Nyaya Theory of Knowledge. Calcutta: University of
Calcutta Press, 1950.
28. Vidyabhusana, S.C. A History of Indian Logic. Delhi: Motilal Banarsidass
Publication, 1971.
29. Dasgupta, Surendra. A History of Indian Philosophy. Delhi: Motilal
Banarsidass, 1991.Vols. III & IV.
30. Mercier, Jean L. From the Upanishads to Aurobindo. Bangalore: Asian
Trading Corporation, 2001.

*******

IKS-IV: Indian Science, Engineering and Technology (Past, Present

and Future)

Course Objectives
• To familiarize learners with major sequential development in Indian
science, engineering and technology.
• To review & strengthen the ancient discovery and research in physics,
chemistry, maths, metallurgy, astronomy, architecture, textile,
transport, agriculture and Ayurveda etc.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

• To help students to trace, identify and develop the ancient knowledge

systems to make meaningful contribution to development of science
today
• To help to understand the apparently rational, verifiable and universal
solution from ancient Indian knowledge system for the scientific,
technological and holistic development of physical, mental and spiritual
wellbeing.

Detailed contents:
Module 1: Indian Traditional Knowledge; Science and Practices
Introduction to the Science and way of doing science and research in
India, Ancient Science in Intra & Inter Culture Dialogue & coevolution.
Traditional agricultural practices, Traditional water-harvesting practices,
Traditional Livestock and veterinary Sciences Traditional Houses &
villages, Traditional Forecasting, Traditional Ayurveda & plant based
medicine, Traditional writing Technology

Module 2: Ancient Indian Science (Physics, Chemistry, Maths)

Physics in India: Vaisheshika darshan Atomic theory & law of motion,
theory of panchmahabhoota, Brihath Shathaka (divisions of the time,
unit of distance), bhaskarachaya ( theory of gravity, surya siddhanta &
sidhanta shriomani ), Lilavati (gurutvakashan Shakti).

Chemistry in India Vatsyayana, Nagarjuna,Khanda, Al-Biruni, Vagbhata

– building of the ras-shala (laboratory), working arrangements of ras-
shala, material and equipment, Yaśodhara Bhatta-process of distillation,
apparatus, saranasamskara, saranataila
Mathematics in India: Baudhayana’s Sulbasutras, Aryabhata,
Bhaskaracharya-
I, Severus Sebokht, Syria, Brahmagupta, Bhaskaracharya-II,
Jyesthadeva

Module 3: Ancient Indian Science (metallurgy, Astronomy,

Architecture)
Metallurgy in India: Survarṅa(gold) and its different types, prosperities,
Rajata(silver), Tamra(copper), Loha(iron), Vanga(tin), Naga / sisa(lead),
Pittala(brass)
Astronomy in India Vedang Jyotish, aryabhatta siddhanta,
Mahabhaskriya, Laghubhaskariya, vatesvarasiddhanta,
Sisyadhivrddhida, Grahashyay, Goladhyaya, Karabakutuhala
(Aryabhata, Varahamihira, Brahmagupta, Vatesvara, Bhaskara,
Paramesvara, NilakaṅthaSomayaji, Jyesthadeva, ŚankaraVarman)
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Architecture in India: Nagara (northern style), Vesara (mixed style), and

Dravida (southern style), Indian vernacular architecture, Temple sytle,
cave architecture, rock cut architecture, kalinga architecture, chandels
architecture, rajput architecture, jain architecture, sikh architecture,
Maratha architecture IndoIslamic architectural, Indo-Saracenic revival
architecture, Greco Buddhist style.

Module 4: Ancient Indian Science (Textile, Agriculture, Transport)

Textile Technology in India: Cotton (natural cellulose fiber), silk, wool
(natural protein fibers), bast and leaf fibers,
mridhudhautadhupitambaram (meaning a practice of fumigating the
fabric with incence smoke before use as a part of the finishing process),
sitadhautavasanayugala (bleached white–a finishing process);
suchhastah, sutradharah (needle and thread – tools for stiching). dyeing,
washing spinning and weaving technology,Agriculture in India:
krishisuktas, Krishiparashara, Brihatsamhita, Types of crops, Manures,
Types of land- devamatruka, nadimatruka, use of animals in warfare,
animal husbandry, Animals for medicines. Ancient transport in India

Module 5: Ancient Indian Science (Ayurveda & Yoga)

Ayurveda for Life, Health and Well-being: Introduction to Ayurveda:
understanding Human body and Pancha maha bhuta, the
communication between body & mind, health regimen for wellbeing,
introduction to yoga (raja yoga, astang yoga, gyan yoga), understanding
of Indian psychological concept, consciousness, tridosha & triguna.

References:
1. Textbook on IKS by Prof. B Mahadevan, IIM Bengaluru.
2. Kapur K and Singh A.K (Eds) 2005). Indian Knowledge Systems, Vol. 1.
Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. Tatvabodh of sankaracharya,
Central chinmay mission trust, Bombay, 1995.
3. Nair, Shantha N. Echoes of Ancient Indian Wisdom. New Delhi: Hindology
Books, 2008.
4. SK Das, The education system of Ancient hindus, Gyan publication
house, India
5. R P Kulkarni, Glimpese of Indian Engineering and Technology (Ancient &
Medieval period, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2018
6. AK Pathak, Science and Technology in India, Anshika prakashan
pratapgarh, 2016
7. PB Sharma, S. Narain, Doctors Scientists and Engineers of Ancient India,
Kalpaz Publications 2017
8. NVP, Unithiri, Indian Scientific Traditions (Professor K.N. Neelakantan
Elayath Felicitation Volume), publication division unieristy of Calicut,
2006
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

9. Anonyms, History of Science in India- Volume-I Part-I (Physics,

Mathematics and Statistics), the national academy of science, India & the
ramkrishna mission institute of culture, 2014
10. R N Basu, T K Bose, CS, Cakraborty History of Science in India -
Agricultural Science (Volume V), the national academy of science, India
& the ramkrishna mission institute of culture 2014
11. A Gosh, History of Science in India (Volume-I Part-II Astronomy), the
national academy of science, India & the ramkrishna mission institute of
culture, 2014
12. Dharmpal, Indian science and technology in the eighteen century,
rashtrottahana sahitya, 1983
13. S Biswal, B L ray, vedic Science and technology, DK Print world, 2009
14. A.K Bag, Histroy of technology in Indian (Set 3 vol), Indian Nation Science
Academy, 1997.
15. AR vasudev Murty, Science and Technology in Ancient India as Reflected
in the Mahabharata, Sanskrit bharati, 2019

*******

IKS-V: Indian Town Planning and Architecture

Course Objectives
• To develop the knowledge and analysis on the understanding of eco-
friendly, robust and scientific planning and architecture system of
ancient India.
• To understand the importance of functional, aesthetic, psychological,
culture and socio religious concept of ancient India architecture.
• To help the learners to trace, identify and develop the approach, process
and material used in town and planning, construction and architecture
• To review and analyse the importance and significance of visual and
performing arts and design in temples, houses, forts, caves and
community places.
• To understand the various eco-friendly technology accepted in ancient
civilization

Detailed contents:

Module 1: The Introduction to ancient Architecture

Introduction to relationship between Man, Nature, Culture and city
forms. Study of determinants (Natural and man-made) influencing
location, growth & pattern of human settlements including types of
settlements growth (Organic and Planned) and settlement forms.
Architecture as satisfying human needs: functional, aesthetic and
psychological outline of components and aspects of architectural form-
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

site, structure, skin, materials, services, use, circulation, expression,

character, experience.
Understanding of the causative forces - the cultures, history, socio
religious practices and institution, political and economic conditions,
issues of land, climate and technology, Historical and Primitive
Architecture.

Module 2: Ancient Architecture as Expression of Art & Design

Relationship between Art and Design with man, space and environment.
Expression in Art and Architecture – concept of space, sense of
enclosureopenness, robustness, dynamism, spatial geometry, Eco-
friendliness.
Architecture through use of elements of visual arts such as point, line,
plane, form, space, colour, texture, light, solids and voids, shadow and
shade etc. Understanding of effect of scale, proportions, order, material
effects such as textures, patterns, light, sound, temperature etc in
architectural spaces.
Allied visual and performing arts and its relationship to build
environments using colour theory, symbolism, glass painting, scriptural
writing, clay moulding, stone carving.
Important Indian architecture as per elements space & form Form:
specific geometry form (sphere, cube, pyramid, cylinder and cone and its
sections as well as their derivatives) Space: build form space, open space,
Internal and External space, Continuous spaces Centralized, Linear,
Radial Clustered, Grid space Different type of Materials used for
construction in Ancient Indian architecture.

Clay products: Classification of bricks, Fire Brick, Fly Ash Bricks, Tiles,
Terracotta, Earthenware, Porcelain, Stoneware. Stones: Uses of Stones,
Qualities of Good Building Stones, Dressing, Common Building Stones of
India. Glass: Different glass Forms and their Suitability, Timber:
Different Forms and their Suitability Metals: Ferrous & Nonferrous
Metals and Alloys, and, their Suitability, limitations, precautions Paints
and Varnishes: Different types and their Suitability, limitations,
precautions

Module 3: Ancient Architecture Principle & Planning

Design: Principles of designing – Composition of Plan. Inception and
development of the early Hindu temple form with reference to Vedic and
Buddhist planning principles and design elements; Development of
regional styles and manifestations thereof; Evolution of temple complexes
and temple towns;
Planning: Residence- site selection, site orientation- aspect, prospect,
grouping, circulation, privacy, furniture requirements, services and other
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

factors. Vastu shastra and its importance in building interrelationship

with human, nature and cosmos
Town Planning: Town plans of Harappa, Mohenjodaro, Pataliputra, Delhi.
Vastu shastra and its application in city layout.

Module 4: Ancient Architecture-I

The settlement planning pattern, elements, associated forms, typical
Vedic village, towns (Dandaka, Nandyavartha etc.), typology of Shelters
and civic buildings of ancient architecture in reference to following
civilization: Indus Valley, Aryan/vedic Civilisation, Buddhist
Architecture, Indo Aryan & Dravidian Architecture.
Role of Shilpasasthras and Arthashasthra in settlement planning.
Important architecture: Great baths, Development of fortification, walled
towns, structures developed eg: Stupas, Viharas, Chaityas, Stambhas,
Toranas, sacred railing etc.
Study of worshipping places with especial reference to Indo Aryan /
Nagara style & Dravidian style (Chola, Chalukya, Pallava, Satavahana,
Hoysala, Vijayanagara etc.), design of shikharas & gopuram, rock-cut
and structural examples of temples.

Module 5: Ancient Architecture-II

Evolution of Hindu Temples in different period: Gupta, Aihole, Badami,
Pattadakkal, Mahabalipuram, Indo Aryan Style in Orrisa, Khajuraho,
Gujarah, Rajasthan. Dravidian Style in Chola, Chalukyan, Pandya,
Pallava, Hoysala Style, Revival of Hindu architecture of South India at
Vijaynagara and Madurai
Tradition Indian villages & House: Regional house construction, interior
& importance e.g. Rajasthani house, bhungas of kutch, nalukettu of
kerala, Ikra of assam, manduva logili or illu of Andra Pradesh, wadas of
Maharashtra, Mud houses of Madhya Pradesh, kathkuni of himachal
Pradesh, khanjaghara of orisa, Taq and dhajji diwari of Kashmir etc.
Scientific achievements though ancient architect: Jantar Mantar,
Musical Pillars of Vitthal temple, Sundial of konark temple, construction
of eight shiva temple in straight line from Kedarnath to rameshwaram at
longitude 79oE 41’54, Veerbhadra temple with 70 hanging pillars, Ellora
caves excavating the mountain, Jaipur plan pink city etc.

References:
1. Textbook on IKS by Prof. B Mahadevan, IIM Bengaluru.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

2. Kapur K and Singh A K (Eds) 2005). Indian Knowledge Systems, Vol. 1.

Indian Institute of Advanced Study, Shimla. Tatvabodh of
sankaracharya, Central chinmay mission trust, Bombay, 1995.
3. Nair, Shantha N. Echoes of Ancient Indian Wisdom. New Delhi: Hindology
Books, 2008.
4. Dr. V. Ganapati Sthapati, Building Architecture of Sthapatya Veda
5. Binode Behari Dutt, Town planning in ancient India, Life Span Publishers
& Distributors
6. NR Dave, A Study of The Hindu Science of Architecture and its Practice
with Special Reference to Rajavallabha, Bharti vaidhya Bhavan , 2011
7. M W Meister, South India Lower Dravidadesa - Encyclopaedia of Indian
Temple Architecture (Set of 2 Books)- An Old and Rare Books, American
Institute of Indian Studies, 1999
8. D N Shukla Civil Architecture in Ancient India (Part-I) Meharchand
lakshmidas publication, 2016.
9. S Maheshwari, R Garg, Ancient Indian Architecture, CBS publisher, 2001
10. B Dagens, Mayamata: An Indian Treatise on Housing Architecture and
Iconography (An Updated Edition with revised Glossary), Motilal
banrsidas, 2017
11. V K Bansal, Maha Vastu, Om Book Internation 2011
12. SS Das, The Miracles of Vaastu Shastra, pustak mahal, delhi, 2013,
13. Anant Shashikala, The Penguine Guide to Vaastu, the classical Indian
science of architecture & design, penguin India, 2000

**********

IKS-VI: Indian Mathematics and Astronomy

Course Objectives
• To provide information about great mathematicians and astronomers
who given significant contribution in Indian mathematics and astronomy.
• To help students to trace, identify, practice and develop the significant
Indian mathematic and astronomical knowledge.
• To help to understand the astronomic significance with the human
holistic development of physical, mental and spiritual wellbeing
• Enumerate the main characteristics of education system in Vedic and
post Vedic period to enrich the intellectual imagination and diminish the
dogmatic assurance which closes the mind against speculation

Detailed contents:

Module 1: The Introduction to Ancient Mathematics & Astronomy

Introduction to Brief introduction of inception of Mathematics &
Astronomy from vedic periods. Details of different authors who has given
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

mathematical & astronomical sutra (e.g. arytabhatta, bhaskara,

brahmagupta, varamahira, budhyana, yajanvlkya, panini, pingala,
bharat muni, sripati, mahaviracharya, madhava, Nilakantha somyaji,
jyeshthadeva, bhaskara-II, shridhara)
Periodical enlisting of Mathematical & Astrological achievement in India.
Evolution of Indian Numerals (Brahmi (1st century), Gupta (4th century)
& Devanagri Script (11th century)

Module 2: Ancient Mathematics –I

Veda & Sulvasutras (Pythagoras theorem, Square root & Squaring Circle)
(baudhayana sulbhasutra, apastamba sulbhasutra, katyayana
sulbhasutra, manava sulbhasutra, maitrayana sulbhasutra, varaha
sulbhasutra, vadhula sulbhasutra , Pingala’s chandasutras, sunya, yaat-
tavat, Aryabhata ( Aryabhatiya, Asanna, ardha-jya, kuttaka,), bhaskara
(trigonometory,shridhara, mahavira), Bhaskara Acharya
(Sidhantashiromani), Varamahira panchasiddhantika.

Module 3: Ancient Mathematics –II

Brahamgupta (vargaprakrati, bhramasphuta siddhanta, bhavana),
ayatavrtta, ganitasarasamgraha, lilavathi, ganesadaivajna,
randavantika, suryasidhhanta, grahalaghava, sadratnamala,
mandavrtta, sighrartta, Bijaganita, Bakshali manuscript

Golavada, Madhyamanayanaprakara, Mahajyanayanaprakara (Method

of
Computing Great Sines), Lagnaprakarana, Venvaroha, Sphutacandrapti,
Aganita-grahacara , Chandravakyani (Table of Moon-mnemonics)

Module 4: Ancient Astronomy –I

Parahita system of astronomy and drk system of astronomy, Manda
samskara, sighra samskara.
Vedanga Jyotisha (astronomical calculations, calendrical studies, and
establishes rules for empirical observation), Aryabhatiya (earth rotation,
shining of moon), Brahmasphutasiddhanta (motion of planets),
varahmihira (pancasiddhantika), Mahabhaskariya, lahubhaskariya &
arybhatiya bhashya (Planetary longitudes, heliacal rising and setting of
the planets, conjunctions among the planets and stars, solar and lunar
eclipses, and the phases of the Moon), Sisyadhiveddhida (grahadhyaya,
goladhyaya), siddhantasiromani, karanakutuhala (planetary positions,
conjunctions, eclipses, cosmography), siddhantasekhara, yantra-
kirnavali, Sphutanirṅaya, Uparagakriyakrama.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Module 5: Ancient Astronomy –II

Positional astronomy (sun, planets, moon, coordinate systems, precision

of the equinox and its effects, eclipses, comets and meteors), Mahayuga
& Kalpa system Yuga system, ayanas, months, tithis and seasons, time
units, sun and moon’s motion, planet position, ayanachalana, zero-
precision year, katapayaadi system, Indian nakshatra system, astronomy
Instruments for naked eye astronomy (vedic observatories). The principal
and application of Samrat Yantra, Jai Prakash Yantra, Disha Yantra,
Rama Yantra, Chakra Yantra, Rashiwalya Yantra, Dingash Yantra,
Utaansh Yantra

Reference:
1. Textbook on IKS by Prof. B Mahadevan, IIM Bengaluru.
2. R P Kulkarni, Glimpese of Indian Engineering and Technology (Ancient &
Medieval period, Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd. 2018
3. AK Pathak, Science and Technology in India, Anshika prakashan
pratapgarh, 2016
4. NVP, Unithiri, Indian Scientific Traditions (Professor K.N. Neelakantan
Elayath Felicitation Volume), publication division univeristy of Calicut,
2006
5. Dharmpal, Indian science and technology in the eighteen century,
rashtrottahana sahitya, 1983
6. S Biswal, B L ray, vedic Science and technology, DK Print world, 2009
7. A Kolachana, Studies in Indian Mathematics and Astronomy, Hindustan
Book agency
8. S B Rao, Indian Mathematics and Astronomy: Some Landmarks (Revised
Third Edition), Bhartiya Vidhya Bhavan, 2012,
9. GG Josheph, Indian Mathematics: Engaging with the World from Ancient
to Modern Times, speaking Tiger, 2016
10. BS Yadav, Ancient Indian Leaps into Mathematics, brikausher
publication, 2010
11. DP Chatopadhya, Ravinder kumar, Mathematics, Astronomy, and
Biology in Indian Tradition: Some Conceptual Preliminaries (Phispc
Monograph Series on History of Philosophy, Science and Culture in India,
No 3), Munshiram manohalal publication, 1995
12. BV subbarayappa, The Tradition of Astronomy in India: History of
Science, Philosophy and Culture in Indian Civilization Vol. IV, Part 4:
Jyotihsastra (History of Science, Philosophy & Culture in Indian
Civilization), centre for studies in civilization, 2008
13. GE Clark, The Aryabhatiya of Aryabhata: An Ancient Indian Work on
Mathematics and Astronomy, Kesinger publicaition, 2010
14. Anonyms, Hindu Astronomy: Anuradha, Bharani, Hindu Chronology,
Hindu Calendar, Indian Astronomy, Kerala School of Astronomy and
Mathematics, Jyoti, Book LLC, 2011
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

15. KV Sharma. Ganita yuktibhasa (Analytical Exposition of the Rationales

of Indian Mathematics and Astronomy, Kindle, 2021
16. R Mercier, Studies on the Transmission of Medieval Mathematical
Astronomy (Variorum Collected Studies), routledge publication, 2004

********

IKS-VII: Indian Aesthetics (including Music and Music Instruments)

Course Objectives
• To provide information about the foundations of Indian aesthetics as
integral part of Indian culture
• To help to understand the importance of Indian aesthetics in individual
realization of the truth arises by realizing the harmony within.
• To help learner to trace, identify and develop the Indian aesthetics to
correlate human creative practices
• To build the learners a deep rooted pride in Indian aesthetic knowledge,
committed to universal human right, well-being and sustainable
development.

Detailed contents:

Module 1: The Introduction to Indian Aesthetics

The nature of aesthetics, principle, its relation to philosophy and
literature:
Indian traditions. Sadanga its origin and Applications of Six limbs in
Indian
Aesthetics Introduction to Alamkara, Rasa, Dhvani, Vakrokti, Auchitya

Module 2: Ancient Music and Music Instruments-I

Rasa Siddhanta, the concept of Rasa, constituent of rasa (Bhav, abhinay,
Sthayibhava, Vibhava, Vyabhicharibhava), number of rasa, Rasasvadana
Bharata’s Natya Shastra and its Critics, Abhinavagupta’s Rasa
Siddhanta., Kāvyaprayojana, Sādhāranikarana, Sahrdaya, Rasavighna.
DhvaniSiddhanta, the Concept of Dhvani, Sphota, Pratibhā,
classification of dhvani (Laukika Vyangya, Alaukika Vyangya, Avivaksita
Vacya, Vivaksitanyapara Vacya) Anandavardana’s Dhanyaloka, with
reference to Abhidha, lakshana, Vyanjana and Tatpary, extension of
dhvani siddhanta to music, dance and drama.
Alamkara Siddhanta, proponent, classification of alamkara,
sabdalamkara (Anuprāsa, Yamaka, Ślesha, Dhvanyātmakatā ),
Arthālamkāra (Upamā, Drstanta, Virodha)
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Module 3: Ancient Music and Music Instruments-II

VakroktiSiddhanta, Kuntaka’s Vakroktijivita, Classification of Vakrokti
(Varnavinyasa vakrata (Phonetic Obliquity), Pada-purvardha vakrata
(Lexical Obliquity) & Pada-parardha vakrata (Grammatical Obliquity),
Vakya-vakrata (Sentential obliquity), Prakarana-vakrata (Episodic
obliquity), Prabandha-vakrata
(Compositional obliquity))
Different Classes of Musical Instrument as per Natyashastra of Bharat,
Gana Vadya, Avanaddha Vadya, sushira vadya, tata/tantu vadya.
Brief introduction to following indian instruments
Veena, Ghatam, Gootuvadhyam, Flute, Thavil, Nadaswaram,
Mridangam, Plaindrum, Harmonium, Sitar, Sarod, Shehnai, Tabla,
Maddalam, violin, morsing, Tambura.

Module 4: Ancient Dance & Drama

Natyaveda: inception from Veda (pathya words(rigveda), abhinaya
gestures (Yajureda), geet music (samaveda), rasa emotions (atharvaveda),
Natya Shastra, Nata-nritya, geet- nritya, roop-nritya, bhav-nritya
Indian traditional and fork dances (bharatnatyam, kuchipudi, kathakali,
yakshagan, Bhangra, Bihu, Ghumura Dance, Sambalpuri, Chhau and
Garba

Module 5: Ancient Art

Architecture, sculptures & popular art forms of Pallava& Cholas period,
Chalukya & Rastrakuta period, Chandela/Hosalya period, Rajput period.
Rock cut architecture, cave architecture, stupa, temples, sculpture
Hindu Shilpa texts as per Vishnudharmotara-puran, Samaranana,
Sutracharana, Sukranitisara, Silparatham

Reference:
1. Histroy of Indian Music by Swami Prajananda, Ram Krishna vedanta
math, Kolkata
2. Prof. P. Sambomoorthy: A History of Indian Music, published'by the
Indian Music Publishing Houce, Madras-1.
3. Hulugur Krishnacharya (Hubli: Introduction to the Study, of Bharatiya
SangitaSastra, pts. I & II in the Journal of the Music Academy, Madras,
vol. I, January, 1930.
4. Dr. Saratchandra Shridhar Paranjr, Bharatiya Sangit-ki Rupa-Rekha
(Hindi) upto the Gupta period, published in the Nada-Rwpa, second
issue, College of Music and Fine Arts, Banaras Hindu University,1963
5. Prof. G. S. Ghurye: Bharata-Natya and its Costume, published by the
Popular Book Depot, Bombay.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

6. Swami Prajnanananda: Historical Development of Indian Music,

published by Firma K. L. Mukhopadhyay,Calcutta, 1960.
7. Swami Prajnanananda :(Bharatiya Sangiter Ltihasaf vols. I & II (Sangita
Samskriti] from the primitive period to the 7th century A.D.) In Bengali
(published by the Ramakrishna Vedanta Math, Calcutta), Second
Edition.
8. Swami Prajnanananda: Raga O Rupa, vols. I & II (in Bengali) published
by the Ramakrishna Vedanta Math, Calcutta.
9. Dr. R. C. Majumdar, H. C. Raychaudhuri and Kalikinkar Datta: An
Advanced History of India (Second Edition) published by Macmillan &
Co., Limited, London, 1953.
10. Shri K. A. Nilakanta Sastri: A History of South India (Second Edition)
published by Oxford University Press, 1958.
11. Kak, S. (2002). Early Indian music. In: Buenconsejo, J. (Ed., 2003). A
search in asia for a new theory of music. P. 59-76. Quezon City: UP Center
for Ethnomusicology, University of the Philippines.
12. Lalita Ramkrishna, Ancient Indian Classical Music, shubhi publications
13. E Rosenthal, The Story of Indian Music and Its Instruments: A Study of
the Present and a Record of the Past, piligrims publication, 2007.
14. Swami parmananda, A History of Indian Music - Volume One: Ancient
Period, shri ram Krishna math, 1963
15. E Celementa Introduction to the Study of Indian Music; An Attempt to
Reconcile Modern Hindustani Music with Ancient Musical Theory and to
Propound an Accurate and ... of the Subject of Indian Musical Intonation,
Franklin Classical trade press, 2018
16. SC Benerjee Fundamentals of Ancient Indian Music and Dance, Asian
Book Corporation, 1976
17. Samita Redday, Ancient Indian Music, cyber Tech Publications, 2018.

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IKS-VIII: Indian Health, Wellness and Psychology (including

Ayurved)

Course Objectives
• Understanding the fundamental principles of Indian health systems such
as Ayurveda and yoga which are useful in maintaining the health of a
healthy person
• Practical implementation of health principles to correct the intake of our
food, air, water and sunlight to achieve perfect health.
• Understanding traditional way of cleansing the body regularly,
strengthening body with Yogic exercises, maintaining the internal
balance to prevent diseases.
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

• Understanding our unique Mind Body Constitution and choosing the

right lifestyle suitable to maintain the internal balance.
• Understanding the influence of external environment on internal health
and ways to synchronise our body and mind with nature to ensure
smooth functioning of all organ systems of our body.
• Understanding mind and its dynamics through knowledge of Ayurveda
and Yoga and using the knowledge to maintain harmony between body
and mind to achieve perfect mental health.

Detailed contents:

Module 1: Understanding human body [ Duration: 8 Lectures]

Introduction to Ayurveda, the Knowledge of Life, Health and treatment
aspects in Ayurveda, Influence of Pancha maha bhuta on Internal
environment of Human being, Understanding composition of Human
body through the concept of Dosha Dhatu Mala, Understanding
Prakruthi , the Mind – Body Constitution.

Module 2: Understanding the communication between body & Mind

Establishing communication between body and mind by understanding
the language of body. Understanding the concept of Agni, Koshta, Sara
and Ojas and their relevance in enhanching our immunity to protect from
various infections. Looking at the world through the lenses of Dravya,
Guna and Karma Applying the principle of Samanya and Visesha in every
aspect of life to achieve perfect health.

Module 3: Introduction to Health Regimen

Understanding Swastha vritta, the healthy regimen to maintain state of
wellbeing Dinacharya, the Daily regimen including Daily detoxification,
exercise, Intake of Food, Water, Air and Sunlight, work and ergonomics,
Rest and sleep hygiene. Ritu charya, the seasonal regimen, Sadvritta and
the concept of social wellbeing, understanding trividha upastambhas,
three pillars to health, Concept of Shadrasa in choosing appropriate
nourishment to the body and mind.

Module 4: Introduction to Yoga

Definition, Meaning and objectives of Yoga, Relevance of yoga in modern
age. Brief Introduction of Hatha yoga, Raja yoga, Karma yoga, Gyana
Yoga, Bhakti yoga Understanding eight steps of Ashtanga yoga,
Understanding Shatkriyas , the six cleansing procedures of Yoga
 I. K. Gujral Punjab Technical University
Bachelor of Computer Applications (BCA)

Module 5: Introduction to Indian Psychology

Concept of Manas in Ayurveda and understanding Mind Body harmony,
Triguna based Psychology in Ayurveda and Yoga, Influence of Tri dosha
on Mind, Mind body intellect and consciousness complex, Understanding
Consciousness and solution to issues within Human Mind.

Reference:
1. The Charaka Samhita
2. The Susruta Samhita
3. Teh Ashtanga Hridaya
4. Dr Deepak Chopra, Perfect Health--Revised and Updated: The Complete
Mind Body Guide, Harmony publication, 2001
5. Vasant lad, Ayurveda, the Science of Self-healing: A Practical Guide:
Science of Self- healing, lotus press, 1984
6. The Hatha yoga pradipika
7. The Patanjali yoga sutras
8. The Gheranda samhita
9. BKS Iyengar, Light on Yoga: The Classic Guide to Yoga by the World's
Foremost Authority, thronson publication, 2006
10. Swamy Satyananda Saraswati, Asana, Pranayama, Mudra and Bandha,
Bihar School of Yoga, 2002

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