Bhaskar Academy for Science and Engineering's

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RCC Office, VidyaNagar Campus, RCC Road, Ashti

Date : 17/08/2025 TEST ID: 162

Time : 60 Mins Unit Test no. 08 PHYSICS
Marks : 100
13.AC CIRCUITS

Single Correct Answer Type

1. In an L-C circuit, angular frequency at
resonance is 𝜔. What will be the new angular
frequency when inductor's inductance is made
two times and capacitor's capacitance is made
four times? c) d)
ω ω
a) b)
2√2 √2
2ω
c) 2ω d)
√2
2. An alternating current is given by the equation
i = i1 cos ωt + i2 sin ωt. The rms current is
5. An L − C circuit contains 10 mH inductor and a
given by 25 μF capacitor. The ratio of the time periods
1 1
a) (i1 + i2 ) b) (i1 + i2 )2 for the energy to be completely magnetic, is
√2 √2 a) 0, 1.57, 4.71 b) 1.57, 3.14, 4.71
1 2 1
c) 2
(i1 + i2 )1/2
d) (i12 + i22 )1/2 c) 1.57, 4.71, 7.85 d) None of the above
√2 2 6. An alternating voltage V = 200√2 sin(100 t)
3. The reactance of a coil when used in the AC
volt is connected to 1μF capacitor through AC
power supply (220 V, 50 cycle s−1 ) is 50 Ω. The
ammeter. The reading of ammeter is
inductance of the coil is nearly
a) 5 mA b) 10 mA
a) 0.16 H b) 0.22 H
c) 15 mA d) 20 mA
c) 2.2 H d) 1.6 H
7. If the inductance and capacitance are both
4. An AC circuit of variable frequency f is
doubled in L-C-R circuit, the resonant
connected to an L-C-R series circuit. Which one
frequency of the circuit will
of the graphs in the figure, represents the
a) decrease to one-half b) decrease to one-
variation of current i in the circuit with
the original value fourth the original
frequency?
value
c) increase to twice the d) decrease to twice the
original value original value
8. What is the value of inductance L for which the
current is a maximum in a series L − C − R
circuit with C = 10μF and ω = 1000 s−1 ?
a) b)
a) 100mH b) 1mH
c) Cannot be calculated d) 10mH
unless R is known
9. An AC circuit contains resistance of 12Ω and
inductive reactance 5Ω. The phase angle
between current and potential difference, will
be

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 12 5 100 rad/s. Considering the inductor and
a) sin−1 ( ) b) cos −1 ( )
13 12 capacitor to be ideal, the correct choice(s) is
5 12 (are)
c) sin−1 ( ) d) cos −1 ( )
12 13 
10. An arc lamp requires a direct current of 10 A at
80 V to function. If it is connected to a 220 V
(rms), 50 Hz AC supply, the series inductor

needed for it to work is close to
a) 80 H b) 0.08 H
c) 0.044 H d) 0.065 H
11. The instantaneous values of current and
voltage in an AC circuit are given by
π π
i = 6 sin (100 πt + ) , V = 5 sin (100 πt − ), The current through The current through
4 4 a) b)
the circuit = 0.3 A the circuit = 0.3√2 A
then
current leads the voltage leads the The voltage across
a) b) The voltage across
voltage by 45 ∘
current by 90∘ c) 100 Ω resistor = d)
50 Ω resistor = 10 V
current leads the voltage leads the 30√2 V
c) ∘ d) 17. Out of the following graphs, which graphs
voltage by 90 current by 45∘
12. If reading of an ammeter is 10 A, the peak shows the correct relation (graphical
value of current is representation) for LC parallel resonant
10 5 circuit?
a) A b) A
√2 √2
c) 20√2 A d) 10√2 A
13. The natural frequency of an L − C circuit is
125000 cycle/s. Then, the capacitor C is
replaced by another capacitor with a dielectric
a) b)
medium of dielectric constant K. In this case,
the frequency decreases by 25 kHz. The value
of K is
a) 3.0 b) 2.1
c) 1.56 d) 1.7
14. A coil has inductance 2 H. The ratio of its
reactance, when it is connected first to an AC
source and then to DC source, is
a) zero b) 1
c) less than 1 d) infinity
15. When an alternating voltage is applied to an c) d)
inductor as shown in the figure, then


18. The peak value of alternating current is 5√2 A.

The root-mean-square value of current will be
a) 5 A b) 2.5 A
c) 5√2 A d) None of these
di di
a) V + L =0 b) V − L = 0 19. If the frequency is doubled, what happen to the
dt dt
di di capacitive reactance and the current?
c) L + V = 0 d) L − V = 0 a) Capacitive reactance b) Capacitive reactance
dt dt
16. In the given circuit, the AC source has ω = is halved, the is doubled, the
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 current is doubled current is halved
c) Capacitive reactance d) Capacitive reactance
and the current are and the current are
halved doubled
20. The average current in terms of i0 for the
waveform shown is

series with C and has series with C and has

a) C b) (1−ω2 LC)
a magnitude (ω2 LC−1) a magnitude ω2 L
parallel with C and parallel with C and
c) has a magnitude d) has a magnitude
(1−ω2 LC) C
ω2 L (ω2 LC−1)
24. If an AC main supply is given to be 220 V. What
i0 would be the average emf during a positive
a) i0 b) half cycle?
3
i0 i0 a) 198 V b) 386 V
c) d) c) 256 V d) None of these
2 4
21. In an AC circuit, the current lags behind the 25. The impedance of a circuit, when a resistance R
voltage by π /3. The components of the circuit and an inductor of inductance are connected in
are series in an AC circuit of frequency f, is
a) R and L b) L and C a) √R + 2π2 f 2 L2 b) √R + 4π2 f 2 L2
c) R and C d) only R c) √R2 + 4π2 f 2 L2 d) √R2 + 2π2 f 2 L2
22. The alternating current in a circuit is described
26. An alternating voltage E = 200√2 sin(100 t) is
by graph shown in figure. The rms current
connected to 1μF capacitor through AC
obtained from graph would be
ammeter. The reading of ammeter shall be
a) 10 mA b) 20 mA
c) 40 mA d) 80 mA
27. For the series L-C-R circuit shown in the figure,
what is the angular resonant frequency and
amplitude of the current at the resonating
frequency?

a) 1.4 A b) 2.2 A
c) 1.9 A d) 2.6 A
23. For the L − C − R circuit shown here, the 
current is observed to lead the applied voltage. −1
2500 rads and
a) b) 2500 rads−1 and 5 A
An additional capacitor C ′ , when joined with 5√2 A
the capacitor C present in the circuit, makes 2500 rads−1 and
the power factor of the circuit unity. The c) 5 d) 25 rads −1 and 5√2 A
A
√2
capacitor C ′ must have been connected in
28. in L-C-R circuit, power factor at resonance is
a) less than one b) greater than one
c) unity d) Can't predicted
29. A 1.5 mH inductor in an L − C circuit stores a
maximum energy of 30ωJ. The rms value of
current in the circuit is

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 1
a) × 10−1 A b) √2 × 10−2 A
√2
1
c) × 10−2 A d) √2 × 10−1 A
√2 c) d)
30. The r m s value of the alternating current
shown in figure is

35. To express AC power in the same form as DC

power, a special value of current is defined and
used, is called
root-mean-square b) effective current
a)
current (irms )
c) induced current d) Both (a) and (b)
a) 2A b) -2A 36. A pure inductor of inductance 25.0 mH is
c) 4A d) 1A connected to a source of 220 V. Find the
31. In series L-C-R circuit, the capacitance is inductive reactance, if the frequency of the
changed from C to 2 C. The inductance should source is 50 Hz.
be changed from L to .. to obtain same a) 785 Ω b) 6.50 Ω
resonance frequency. c) 7.85 Ω d) 8.75 Ω
a) 4L b) L/2 37. An inductive coil has a resistance of 100 Ω.
c) L/4 d) 2L When an AC signal of frequency 1000 Hz is
32. In terms of q, the voltage equation for series applied to the coil, the voltage leads the
L − C − R circuit is given by current by 45∘ . The inductance of the coil is
1 1
dq dq q d2 q dq q a) b)
L +R + L 2 +R + 10π 20π
a) dt dt C b) dt dt C 1 1
= Vm sin ωt = Vm sin ωt c) d)
40π 60π
d2 q dq q d2 q dq q
L −R + L −R − 38. Same current is flowing in two AC circuit, First
c) dt dt C d) dt dt C contains only inductance and second contains
= Vm sin ωt = Vm sin ωt
only capacitance. If frequency of AC is
33. A 15.0 μF capacitor is connected to a
increased for both, the current will
220 V, 50 Hz source. The capacitive reactance
a) increase in first b) increase in both
is
circuit and decrease circuits
a) 220 Ω b) 215 Ω
in second
c) 212 Ω d) 204 Ω
c) decrease in both d) decrease in first
34. Which of the following graphs represents the
circuits circuit and increase
correct variation of inductive reactance X L
in second
with angular frequency 𝜔?
39. When an alternating voltage source of V =
π
200 sin (100πt − 3 ) is applied to a pure
capacitor of capacitance 2μF, then the
instantaneous value of current through the
a) b) capacitor is
π 0.04π sin (100πt
a) 200 sin (100πt + ) b) π
6 + )
6
π 0.04π sin (100πt
c) 200 sin (100πt − ) d) π
6 − )
6
40. If the power factor changes from 1 to 1, then
2 4

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 what is the increase in impedance in AC? volt is applied to a purely resistive load of 50Ω.
a) 20% b) 50% The time taken for the current to rise from half
c) 25% d) 100% of the peak value to the peak value is
41. Which of the following represents the value of a) 5 ms b) 2.2 ms
voltage and current at that instant? c) 7.2 ms d) 3.3 ms
a) Vm sin ωt , im sin ωt b) Vm cos ωt , im cos ωt 46. In a series resonant R − L − C circuit, the
c) −Vm sin ωt , −im sin ωt d) −Vm cos ωt , −im cos ωt voltage across R is 100 V and the value of R =
42. In an electrical circuit R, L, C and an AC voltage 1000 Ω. The capacitance of the capacitor is 2 ×
source all connected in series. When L is 10−6 F, angular frequency of AC is 200 rad s−1.
removed from the circuit, the phase difference Then, the potential difference across the
between the voltage and the current in the inductance coil is
π
circuit is 3 . If instead C is removed from the a) 100 V b) 40 v
π c) 250 V d) 400 V
circuit, the phase difference is again 3 . The
47. AC measuring instruments measures
power factor of the circuit is
a) peak value b) rms value
1 1
a) b) c) any value d) average value
2 √2 48. Which current do not change direction with
c) 1 √3
d) time?
2 a) DC current b) AC current
43. A coil of 0.01 H inductance and 1Ω resistance is
c) Both (a) and (b) d) Neither (a) nor (b)
connected to 200 V, 50 Hz AC supply. The
49. A charged 30μF capacitor is connected to a
impedance of the circuit and time lag between
27 mH inductor. What is the angular frequency
maximum alternating voltage and current
of free oscillations of the circuit?
would be
1 1
a) 1.1 s −1 b) 1.1 × 103 s −1
a) 3.3 Ω and 250 s b) 3.9 kΩ and 160 s c) 1 s −1 d) 1 × 10−3 s −1
1 1
c) 4.2 kΩ and 100 s d) 2.8 kΩ and 120 s 50. Alternating current of peak value ( 2 ) ampere
π
44. Alternating current cannot be measured by DC flows through the primary coil of the
ammeter because transformer. The coefficient of mutual
a) AC cannot pass b) AC changes direction inductance between primary and secondary
through DC ammeter coil is 1H. The peak emf induced in secondary
c) average value of d) DC ammeter will get coil is (frequency of AC = 50 Hz )
current for complete damaged a) 100 V b) 200 v
cycle is zero c) 300 V d) 400 V
45. An alternating voltage V(t) = 220 sin 100πt

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 Bhaskar Academy for Science and Engineering's

Ramanujan Coaching Center

FOUNDATION | BOARDS | MHTCET | JEE | NEET
RCC Office, VidyaNagar Campus, RCC Road, Ashti
Assignment No.
Date : 15/02/2024 TEST ID: 162
Time : 00:45:00 PHYSICS
Marks : 50
13.AC CIRCUITS

: ANSWER KEY :
1) a 2) c 3) a 4) d 29) d 30) a 31) b 32) b
5) b 6) d 7) a 8) a 33) c 34) b 35) d 36) c
9) d 10) d 11) c 12) d 37) b 38) d 39) b 40) d
13) c 14) d 15) b 16) a 41) a 42) c 43) a 44) c
17) d 18) a 19) a 20) c 45) d 46) c 47) b 48) a
21) a 22) a 23) c 24) a 49) b 50) b
25) c 26) b 27) a 28) c

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 Bhaskar Academy for Science and Engineering's

Ramanujan Coaching Center

FOUNDATION | BOARDS | MHTCET | JEE | NEET
RCC Office, VidyaNagar Campus, RCC Road, Ashti
Assignment No.
Date : 15/02/2024 TEST ID: 162
Time : 00:45:00 PHYSICS
Marks : 50
13.AC CIRCUITS

: HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :

Single Correct Answer Type 4 (d)
1 (a) The current in an L − C − R circuit is given by
∵ Angular frequency at resonance, ω =
1
⋯ (i) V
√LC i= 1 , where ω = 2πf
2 2
According to question, when inductor's [R2 + (ωL − ωC) ]
1

inductance is made 2 times and capacitance is 4

times, then Thus, i increases with an increase in ω upto a
1 1 1 value given by,
ω′ = =( ) ω = ωc, i.e. at ω = ωc , we have
√2L × 4C 2√2 √LC
ω 1 1
= [from Eq. (i)] ωL = ⇒ ωc =
2√2 ωC √LC
V
2 (c) Hence, imax = R at ω = ωc
Equation of alternating current is given as At ω > ωc, i again starts decreasing with an
i = i1 cos ωt + i2 sin ωt …(i) increase in ω.
Let, i1 = A sin ϕ …(ii) 5 (b)
and i2 = A cos ϕ …(iii) When resistance R of the circuit is negligible,
From Eq. (i), we have 1 1
i = A sin ϕ cos ωt + A cos ϕ sin ωt v= =
2π√LC 2π√10 × 25 × 10−6
−2
= A[cos ω t sin ϕ + sin ω t cos ϕ ] 104 103
i = A sin(ωt + ϕ) …(iv) = =
10π π
Squaring and adding Eqs. (ii) and (iii), we get 1 π
Thus, the time period, T = v = 103 s = πms
i12 + i22 = A2 (sin2 ϕ + cos 2 ϕ) = A2 ⇒ A =
1 Thus, for the energy to be completely magnetic,
[i12 + i22 ]2 T 3T π 3π
From Eq. (iv), we get t = , T, , … … = , π, … … ms
2 2 2 2
1
i = [i12 + i22 ]2 sin(ωt + ϕ) …(v) = 1.57,3.14,4.71 … ms
Comparing Eq. (v) with equation, i = im sin(ωt + 6 (d)
ϕ), we get Given, V = 200√2sin(100t)V …(i)
1 Capacitance of capacitor, C = 1μF = 1 × 10−6 F
im = (i12 + i22 )2
1/2
The standard equation of voltage of AC is given by
im (i21 +i22 )
∴ irms = = V = V0 sin ωt …(ii)
√2 √2
3 (a) On comparing Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
Reactance of the coil or inductive reactance is V0 = 200√2
given as X L = ωL = 2πfL ω = 100
Vrms
where, f is frequency. We know that, irms = XC
Given, X L = 50Ω and f = 50cps V0
But Vrms =
√2
X X
∴ L = (1)L = 2πf
L 50
= 2π×50 = 2 × 314 = 0.16H
1 V0
irms =
√2X C

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 V0 ωC 1 From this triangle, cos θ =
R
irms = (∵ X C = ) Z
√2 ωC R
200 × √2 × 100 × 1 × 10−6 ⇒ θ = cos − ( )
irms = Z
√2 12
= cos−1 ( )
irms = 20 × 10−3 A = 20 mA 13
7 (a) 10 (d)
1 Given, I = 10 A, V = 80 V,
The resonant frequency, v0 = 2π√LC V 80
R= = 10 = 8Ω and ω = 50 Hz
1 l
⇒ v0 ∝
√LC 
If inductance and capacitance both are doubled,
then
1 1
v0 = ( )
2 2π√LC
So, the resonant frequency will decrease to one-
half of the original value.
8 (a)
Current in L − C − R series circuit, For AC circuit, we have
V V
i= I=
√R2 + (X L − X C )2
√82 + X L2
where, V is rms value of current, R is resistance,
X L is inductive reactance and X C is capacitive 220
⇒ 10 =
reactance.
√64 + X L2
For current to be maximum, denominator should
be minimum which can be done, if
⇒ √64 + X 2L = 22
XL = XC
This happens in resonance state of the circuit, i.e. Squaring on both sides, we get
1 64 + X L2 = 484
ωL =
ωC ⇒ X L2 = 484 − 64 = 420
1
or L = 2 …(i) X L = √420
ω C
−1
Given, ω = 1000 s , C = 10μF ⇒ 2π × ωL = √420
= 10 × 10−6 F Series inductor on an arc lamp,
Putting the above values in Eq. (i), we get √420
1 L= = 0.065H
L= (2π × 50)
(1000) × 10 × 10−6
2
11 (c)
= 0.1H = 100mH The phase difference between instantaneous
9 (d) value of i and V is
Given, R = 12 Ω and X L = 5Ω π π π
− (− ) =
∴ Impedance, Z = √(12)2 + (5)2 = 13Ω 4 4 2
The impedance triangle is as shown below Hence, current leads the voltage by 90∘ .
12 (d)
Ammeter reads the root-mean-square value of
current (irms ) which is related to the peak value
of current (i0 ) by the relation,
i0
irms =
√2
⇒ i0 = √2 × irms
= √2 × 10 A = 10√2 A
13 (c)


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 1 1 V 20 1
As natural frequency, i.e. f = 2π√LC or f ∝ i1 = = = A
√C
Z1 100√2 5√2
When capacitor C is replaced by another capacitor
1
C ′ of dielectric constant K, then V100Ω = (100)i1 = (100) = 10√2 V
5√2
C ′ = KC
Circuit 𝟐 X L = ωL = (100)(0.5) = 50Ω
f′ C Z2 = √(50)2 + (50)2 = 50√2Ω
∴ =√ ′
f C R2 50 1
ϕ2 = cos−1 ( ) = cos−1 = cos −1 = 45∘
Z2 50√2 √2
125000 − 25000 C
⇒ =√ In this circuit, voltage leads the current,
125000 KC
V 20 √2
100 1 i2 = = = A
⇒ = Z2 50√2 5
125 √K
√2
125 2 V50Ω = (50)i2 = 50 ( ) = 10√2 V
⇒K=( ) = 1.56 5
100
Further, I1 and I2 have a mutual phase difference
14 (d)
of 90∘ .
Given, inductance of a coil, L = 2H
Reactance of coil, when it is connected to AC 1 4
∴ I = √I12 + I22 = √ +
source, 50 50
1
(X L )AC = ( where, ω = angular frequency ) 1
ωL
1
I= A ≈ 0.3 A
(X L )ω = √10
2ω
17 (d)
For DC source, inductor coil behaves as pure
In a parallel resonant circuit, at resonating
conductor. hence (X L )DC = 0.
1 frequency, the current would be minimum
(XL )AC 2𝜔
∴ (𝑋𝑖 )DC
= 0
= ∞(at infinity) because impedance is maximum.
15 (b) This is correctly depicted in the graph (d).
Using Kirchhoff's rule in given figure, 18 (a)
di Given, i0 = 5√2 A
V−L =0 Root-mean-square-value of current,
dt
where, the second term is the self induced emf in i0 5√2
the inductor and L is the self-inductance of coil. irms = = =5A
√2 √2
16 (a) 19 (a)
1 1
 Capacitive reactance, X C = ωC = 2πvC
1
XC ∝ v …(i)
Vrms
Current, i = = Vrms ⋅ ωC = Vrms ⋅ 2πvC
 XC
⇒ i∝v …(ii)
From Eqs. (i) and (ii), we conclude that, if the
frequency is doubled, the capacitive reactance is
halved and the current is doubled.
20 (c)
t T0
1 1 As, i = 2i0 T , where 0 < t <
Circuit 𝟏 X C = ωC = 100 × 100 × 10−6 = 100Ω 0 2
t T0
∴ Z1 = √(100)2 + (100)2 = 100√2 Ω and i = 2i0 (T − 1), where 2 < t < T0
0
R1 2 T/2 2 T /2 2i0 t
ϕ1 = cos −1 ( ) ∴ iav = ∫0 i dt = [∫0 0 dt]
Z1 T T0 T0
100 1 2 2i0 T02 i0
= cos−1 ( ) = cos−1 ( ) = 2[ ]=
100√2 √2 T0 2 × 4 2
∘
= 45 21 (a)
In this circuit, current leads the voltage, Since, current lags behind the voltage in phase by

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 a constant angle, then circuit must contain R and 24 (a)
L. The given value of voltage in rms value, is
E0
Erms =
√2
E0 = Erms × √2 = 220 × √2 = 311 V
The average emf during positive half cycle is given
as
2E0 2 × 311
Eav = = = 198 V
π 3.14
25 (c)
In L-R circuit,
We find that in R − L circuit, voltage leads the
current by a phase angle ϕ, where Impedance, Z = √R2 + X L2
AK OL VL i0 X L
tan ϕ = = = = Here, XL = ωL = 2πfL
OA OA VR I0 R
XL ∴ Z = √R2 + 4π2 f 2 L2
∴ tan ϕ = 26 (b)
R
Reading of ammeter
Erms E0 ωC
= Irms = =
XC √2
200√2 × 100 × × 10−6 )
(1
=
√2
= 2 × 10−2 A = 20 mA
27 (a)
Given, L = 8mH = 8 × 10−3 H,
C = 20μF = 20 × 10−6 F, R = 44Ω and Vrms =
220 V
Angular resonant frequency of series L − C − R
22 (a) circuit,
1 1
i12 + i22 + i23 12 + 22 + 12 ω0 = =
irms = √ =√ √LC √8 × 10−3 × 20 × 10−6
3 3 = 2500 rads−1
Vrms √2 220√2
6 Resonant current = Vm /R = R
= 44
=
= √ = √2 = 1.41 A
3 5√2 A
≃ 1.4 A 28 (c)
23 (c) In L-C-R series resonant circuit, X L = X C
Power factor of an AC circuit containing L, C and R Impedance, Z = √R2 + (X L − X C )2 = R
R R
connected in series is given by ∴ Power factor, cos ϕ = =R=1
Z
R
cos ϕ = Hence, in L-C-R circuit, power factor at resonance
2
√R2 + [ωL − 1 ] is unity.
ωC
29 (d)
When an additional capacitance C is joined in
Given, L = 1.5mH = 1.5 × 10−3 H
parallel with capacitor C, then it makes power
E = 30μJ = 3 × 10−5 J
factor of circuit unity. i.e. 1
R Maximum energy stored in the inductor, E = 2 Li2m
cos ϕ = 1 ⇒ =1
2 where, im is peak current.
√R2 + (ωL − 1 ′ )
ω(C+C )
2E 2 × 3 × 10−5
1 1 ⇒ im = √ =√ = 0.2 A
⇒ ωL = ′
⇒ C + C′ = 2 L 1.5 × 10−3
ω(C + C ) ω L
2
1 − ω LC im 0.2
⇒ C′ = ∴ irms = = = √2 × 10−1 A
ω2 L √2 √2
P a g e | 10
30 (a) power (P = i2 R), a special value of current is
In the given question, there are identical positive defined and used, it is called root-mean-square
and negative half cycles , so the mean value of (rms) or effective current and is denoted by irms
current is zero for one cycle, but the rms value is or i.
not zero . It is calculated as 36 (c)
T
∫O i2 dt Given, L = 25 mH = 25 × 10−3 H and v = 50 Hz
(𝑖 2 )mean = T The inductive reactance,
∫O dt
X L = 2πvL = 2 × 3.14 × 50 × 25 × 10−3 = 7.85Ω
1 T/2 2 T
37 (b)
= [∫ (2) dt + ∫ (−2)2 dt]
T O T/2 XL
T/2 T tan ϕ =
4 4 T/2 R
= (∫ dt + ∫ dt) = ([f]O + [t]TT/2 ) R 100
T O T/2 T ∘
∴ tan 45 = L = = (∵ tan 45∘ = 1)
4 T T ω 2π × 1000
= ( +T− ) 1
T 2 2 L=
4T 20π
= =4 38 (d)
T
Current corresponding to inductive circuit,
∴ irms = √(i2 )mean = √4 = 2 A i=
V
=
V
⇒ iinductive ∝
1
Z ωL ω
31 (b) …(i)
At resonance, X L = X C Similarly, for capacitive circuit icapacitive ∝ ω
1 …(ii)
i. e. ωr L =
ωr C When frequency of AC is increased,
1
or ωr = from Eq.(i), iinductive decreases
√LC from Eq. (ii), icapacitive increases
1
or 2πvr = 39 (b)
√LC
1 Alternating voltage source applied to capacitor,
or vr = π
2π√LC V = 200 sin (100πt − )
3
or LC = constant (as V remain same) π
L2 C1 L2 C L ∴ Phase, ϕ1 = , Vm = 200 V and ω = 100π rad/s
3
∴ = or = or L2 = π
L1 C2 L 2C 2 Since, alternating current leads by 2 angle from
32 (b)
alternating voltage in a purely capacitive circuit,
The voltage equation for the circuit is
hence phase angle of alternating current is
di q π π π π
L + Ri + = V = vm sin ωt ϕ2 = − ϕ1 = − =
dt C 2 2 3 6
We know that, i = dq/dt. Therefore, di/dt = ∴ Instantaneous value of alternating current
d2 q/dt 2. Thus, in terms of q, the voltage equation through the capacitor is i = im sin(100πt + ϕ2 )
becomes 𝜋 Vm
d2 q dq = Vm ωC sin (100𝜋𝑡 + ) (∵ im = )
L 2 + R + q/C = Vm sin ωt 6 XC
dt dt π
33 (c) = 200 × 100π × 2 × 10−6 sin (100πt + )
6
Given, C = 15μF = 15 × 10−6 F, V = 220 V and −6
[∵ C = 2μF = 2 × 10 F]
v = 50 Hz π
= 0.04π sin (100πt + )
Capacitive reactance,X C = 2πvC =
1 6
40 (d)
1
= 212Ω Power factor, cos ϕ =
R
2π(50 Hz)(15×10−6 F)
Z
34 (b) If R is constant, then cos ϕ ∝ Z
1

Inductive reactance, X L = ωL ⇒ X L ∝ ω 1
Hence, inductive reactance increases linearly with Z1 cos ϕ2 4 1
∴ = = 1 =
angular frequency as shown in graph (b). Z2 cos ϕ1 2
2
35 (d) ⇒ Z2 = 2Z1
To express an AC power in the same form as DC
P a g e | 11
 ∴ Percentage change =
2Z1 −Z1
× 100 = 100% 2π 2π 1
Z1 T= = = s
ω 100π 50
41 (a)
The value of voltage and current at that instant
are Vm sin ωt and im sin ωt.
42 (c)
Here, phase difference in R − L − C series circuit
is given as,
XL − XC
tan ϕ = 1
R
π
T s
When L is removed, then ϕ = 50
3
XC π
∴ tan ϕ = ⇒ X C = Rtan ϕ = Rtan = √3R
R 3
π So, current reaches its maximum value at
When C is removed, then ϕ again found to be 3 .
XL π T 1
∴ tan ϕ = ⇒ X L = Rtan ϕ = Rtan = √3R t1 = = s
R 3 4 200
R R
Hence, power factor, cos ϕ = Z = 2 2
When current is half of its maximum value, then
√(XL −XC ) +R
from Eq. (i), we have
R R
= = =1 imax
R i= = imax sin(100πt 2 )
√(√3R − √3R)2 + R2 2
43 (a) 1 5π 1
⇒ sin(100πt 2 ) = ⇒ 100πt 2 = ⇒ t2 = s
Given, inductance, L = 0.01H, resistance, R = 1Ω, 2 6 120
voltage, V = 200 Vand frequency, f = 50 Hz So, instantaneous time at which current is half of
1
Impedance of the circuit, m : ximum value is t 2 = s
120
Hence, time duration in which current reaches
Z = √R2 + X L2 = √R2 + (2πfL)2
half of its if orimum value after reaching
= √12 + (2 × 3.14 × 50 × 0.01)2 maximum value is

Z = √10.86 = 3.3Ω 1 1 1
Δt = t 2 − t1 = − = s = 3.3 ms
ωL 2πfL 2 × 3.14 × 50 × 0.01 120 200 300
tan ϕ = = =
R R 1 46 (c)
= 9.14 VR 100
The current in the circuit, i = = 1000 = 0.1 A
R
ϕ = tan−1 (3.14) = 72∘ i
72 × π At resonance, VL = VC = iXC = ωC
Phase difference, ϕ = rad 0.1
180 = = 250 V
Time lag between alternating voltage and current, 200 × 2 × 10−6
ϕ 72π 1 47 (b)
Δt = = = s
ω 180 × 2π × 50 250 AC measuring instrument (AC ammeter and
44 (c) voltmeter) always measures rms value.
The full cycle of alternating current consists of 48 (a)
two half cycles. For one-half , current is positive DC currents does not change direction with time.
and for second-half , current is negative But voltages and currents that vary with time are
.Therefore ,for an AC cycle, the net value of very common.
current average value, Hence, the alternating 49 (b)
current cannot be measure by DC ammeter. Angular frequency of free oscillations of the
45 (d) circuit, i.e.
In an AC resistive circuit, current and voltage are 1 1
in phase. ω= =
V 220
√LC √(27 × 10−3 )(30 × 10−6 )s−1
So, i = R ⇒ i = 50 sin(100πt) …(i) 104 −1
= s = 1.1 × 103 s −1
∴ Time period of one complete cycle of current is 9
50 (b)
According to question, peak value of current,
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 2
i0 = √2 × irms = A
π
Coefficient of mutual inductance = 1H
As we know, induced emf in secondary coil is
given by
di
εs = M ⋅ dt [where, i = i0 sin ωt]
εs = M ωi0 cos(ωt)
2
= 1 × 2π × 50 × cos(2π × 50 × t) (∵ ω = 2πn)
π
For t = 0, we have
εs = 4 × 50 = 200 V

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