SEMESTER

INTERNSHIP

ANDHRAPRADESH
STATECOUNCILOFHIGHEREDUCA
TION
(ASTATUTORYBODYOFGOVERNMENTOFANDHRAPRADESH)
 PROGRAM BOOK FOR

SEMESTER INTERNSHIP

Name of the student: P. KEJIYA

Name of the college: JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGICAL UNIVERSITY

Admission number: 22001A0841

Period of internship: 8 weeks From: 12-05-2025 To: 12-07-2025

Name & address of the Intern Organization: Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati,
Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, 517619

JNTUA COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING

ANANTAPURAMU
 An Internship Project Report on

Stabilization of Pickering Emulsions with the

combination of sepiolite and Tween 80
at
Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati

An internship project report submitted in the partial fulfillment of the

requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHONOLOGY

Submitted by: P. KEJIYA

Reg. No:
22001A0841
Under the esteemed guidance of

Department of
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted to

JNTUA COLLEGE OF
ENGINEERING, ANANTAPUR
DEPARTMENT OF CHEMICAL
ENGINEERING
ANANTHAPURAMU-515002 (A.P)
 Instructions to Students

PleasereadthedetailedGuidelinesonInternshiphostedonthewebsiteofAPStateCouncil of Higher Education

https://apsche.ap.gov.in

1. It is mandatory for all the students to complete Semester internship either in V

Semester or in VI Semester.
2. Every student should identify the organization for internship in consultation with
the College Principal/the authorized person nominated by the psrincipal.
3. Report to the intern organization as per the schedule given by the College. You must
make your own arrangements for transportation to reach the organization.
4. You should maintain punctuality in attending the internship. Daily attendance is
compulsory.
5. You are expected to learn about the organization, policies, procedures, and
processes by interacting with the people working in the organization and by
consulting the supervisor attached to the interns.
6. While you are attending the internship, follow the rules and regulations of the
intern organization.
7. While in the intern organization, always wear your College Identity Card.
8. If your College has a prescribed dress as uniform, wear the uniform daily, as you
attend to your assigned duties.
9. You will be assigned a Faculty Guide from your College. He/She will be creating
a Whatsapp group with your fellow interns. Post your daily activity done and/or
any difficulty you encounter during the internship.
10. Identify five or more learning objectives in consultation with your Faculty Guide.
These learning objectives can address:
a. Data and Information you are expected to collect about the organization
and/or industry.
b. Job Skills you are expected to acquire.
c. Development of professional competencies that lead to future career success.
11. Practice professional communication skills with team members, co-interns, and
your supervisor. This includes expressing thoughts and ideas effectively through
oral, written, and non-verbal communication, and utilizing listening skills.
12. Be aware of the communication culture in your work environment. Follow up and
communicate regularly with your supervisor to provide updates on your progress
with work assignments.
13. Never be hesitant to ask questions to make sure you fully understand what you
need to do your work and to contribute to the organization.
14. Be regular in filling up your Program Book. It shall be filled up in your own
handwriting. Add additional sheets wherever necessary.
15. At the end of internship, you shall be evaluated by your Supervisor of the
intern organization.
16. There shall also be evaluation at the end of the internship by the Faculty
Guide and the Principal.
17. Do not meddle with the instruments/equipment you work with.
18. Ensure that you do not cause any disturbance to the regular activities of the intern
organization.
19. Be cordial but not too intimate with the employees of the intern organization and your
fellow interns.
20. You should understand that during the internship programme, you are the
ambassador of your college, and your behavior during the internship programme is
of utmost importance.
21. If you are involved in any discipline related issues, you will be withdrawn from
the internship programme immediately and disciplinary action shall be initiated.
22. Do not forget to keep up your family pride and prestige of your college.

<<@>>
 Declaration by Student
I, P. Kejiya a student of BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY Program, Reg. No. 22001A0841 of
the Department of CHEMICAL ENGINEERING College do hereby declare that I have
completed the mandatory internship from 12-05-2025 to 12-07-2025 in INDIAN INSTITUTE
OF TECHNOLOGY TIRUPATI under the Faculty Guideship of Ch. Maneesha, Department
of CHEMICAL ENGINEERING, JNTU COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING ANANTAPUR.

It is the result of my own work and has not been submitted for the award of any degree in this
college or any other institution.

P. Kejiya
Reg. No: 22001A0841
Dept. of Chemical Engineering
 Official Certification

This is to certify that P. KEJIYA Reg. No. 22001A0841 has completed her

internship in Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati on Stabilization of

Pickering Emulsions with the combination of Sepiolite and Tween-80 under my

supervision as a part of partial fulfilment on the requirement for the Degree of

Bachelor of Technology in Chemical Engineering in the Jawaharlal Nehru

Technological University Anantapuram College of Engineering (Autonomous)

Anantapuram.

(Signature with Date and Seal)

Endorsements

Faculty Guide

Head of the Department

Principal
 Acknowledgement
I express my deep sense of gratitude to my institution, JNTUA College of Engineering
Anantapuramu, which has provided me an opportunity to fulfill our long-cherished dream. It is my
privilege to express sincere gratitude to Department
of Chemical Engineering, JNTUA CEA for valuable guidance, untiring help which enabled me to
complete my dissertation work successfully.

I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Prof. P. Chenna Reddy, Principal, JNTUA College
of Engineering, Anantapuramu and to Dr. Meda Kalyan Kumar, Assistant Professor & Head of the
Department, for supporting us and for the valuable suggestions provided in successful completion
of the Internship.

I express my profound thanks to Asst. prof. Ch. Maneesha, JNTUA college of engineering,
Anantapur to all the Teaching faculty of Chemical Engineering Department for their motivation and
knowledge rendered throughout our B. Tech program and also to non- teaching staff of the
Department of Chemical Engineering.

I express my sincere gratitude to Prof. Anki Reddy Professor and head of the chemical engineering
department, for supporting us and for the valuable suggestions provided in successful completion of
the Internship.

I wish to express my sincere thanks to asst. prof. Nilesh choudary, Department of chemical engineering
IIT Tirupati, Mr. Selvakumar (PhD, Research scholar), Mr. Yumnan Nandhan Singh (Research Scholar),
for the guidance and moral assistance at the time of difficulties that arose during the internship.

Finally, my deep sense of gratitude to JNTUACEA for giving me an opportunity to explore my

abilities via this internship program.

P. Kejiya
22001A0841
 Contents

Contents
S.no Page no

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1 16-19

OVERVIEW OF THE
2 ORAGANISATION 20-22

INTERNSHIP PART
3 23-29

ACTIVITY LOG BOOK

4 30-45

OUTCOMES DISCRIPTION
5 46-54

Students Self Evaluation

6 55

Evaluation by Supervisor
7 56

PHOTOS AND VIDEO LINKS

8 57-59

EVALUATION MARK
9 STATEMENT 60-61

MARK STATEMENT
10 62-63

EXTERNAL ASSESSMENT
11 STATEMENT 64-66
 CHAPTER -1

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY

Section1: Introduction
 This chapter provides an exhaustive overview of the transformational internship experience at the
Nicholos Lab in the Department of Chemical Engineering at the Indian Institute of Technology
Tirupati. Pickering emulsions are emulsions stabilized by solid particles instead of traditional
surfactants. Among the various particles explored for this purpose, sepiolite — a naturally occurring
fibrous clay mineral — has attracted interest due to its unique structure and surface properties. This
involves various methods, like high-shear homogenization, ultrasonication, and surface modification,
stable emulsions can be tailored for diverse applications.

Section-2: Intern organization

 IIT The Stabilization of Pickering Emulsions with the Combination of Sepiolite and Tween-80 at
Tirupati Department of Chemical Engineering is a premier research facility focused on Pickering
emulsions, which are emulsions stabilized by solid particles instead of conventional surfactants,
have attracted significant research interest in recent years for their improved stability, eco-
friendly nature, and tunable properties. Among various solid particles, sepiolite — a naturally
occurring fibrous magnesium silicate clay — shows promising potential due to its needle-like
morphology, large specific surface area, and rich surface hydroxyl groups.

 At IIT Tirupati, research into sepiolite-stabilized Pickering emulsions may focus on:

Exploring how the unique nanofibrous structure of sepiolite adsorbs at the oil-water interface.

 Investigating the effect of particle concentration, pH, ionic strength, and surface modification on

emulsion stability. Developing biocompatible and sustainable emulsions for applications in food,
cosmetics, and pharmaceuticals relevant to local industries and climatic conditions

 Interns engage with advanced analytical tools such as HPLC and rotary shake incubators,
gaining practical skills while contributing to innovative projects involving Emulsions. IIT
Tirupati provides a collaborative and dynamic environment, making it an excellent place for
those pursuing careers in biotechnology, food technology and chemical engineering

Section-3: Internship Learning Objective

The internship was built around five key learning goals. These goals equipped us with a solid basis
for studying and working in the fields of research and development, preparing them for jobs in
academia and industries. Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology
Tirupati.
1. Understand the fundamentals of Pickering emulsions
 Learn what Pickering emulsions are and how solid particles stabilize them
instead of surfactants.
2. Develop Skills in Emulsion preparation techniques
 Gain hands-on experience preparing oil-in-water and water-in-oil emulsions using sepiolite.

 Learn to control variables like particle concentration, oil-to-water ratio, and mixing speed.
3. Experience Project Management and Documentation Practices
 Develop project management skills and learn to document experimental procedures, results,
and analyses effectively.
4. Applications and implications.
 Identify potential applications of sepiolite-stabilized Pickering emulsions (e.g., in food,
pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, enhanced oil recovery).

Section 4: Outcomes Achieved

 Deep understanding of Pickering emulsions
 Ability to explain the principles behind particle-stabilized emulsions versus surfactant-stabilized
systems.
 Hands-on experience in emulsion preparation
 Effective Project Management and Documentation
 Demonstrated project management skills by setting objectives, creating timelines, and
maintaining detailed experimental documentation.
 Informed Understanding of Regulatory and Ethical Issues in Bioprocessing
 Acquired knowledge of GMP guidelines and regulatory requirements for biopharmaceutical
products, highlighting compliance issues.
 Developed problem-solving abilities by troubleshooting fermentation conditions and making
data-driven adjustments.
 Improved Communication skills and Collaboration Skills
 Demonstrated effective communication skills through team meetings and presentations of
experimental results.
 Acquired Knowledge of Cutting-Edge Biotechnological Innovations
 Researched and summarized advancements in bioprocessing technologies and contributed to
discussions on future trends.
 CHAPTER 2
OVERVIEW OF THE ORGANIZATION

The Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati (IITT) focus in research and development. The
stabilization of Pickering emulsions using sepiolite samples. Sepiolite, a naturally occurring fibrous
clay mineral, is of special interest for eco-friendly emulsion stabilization due to its unique
morphology and surface properties. At IIT Tirupati, students and interns gain access to sophisticated
analytical tools for characterizing emulsions—such as microscopy, rheology, and particle size
analysis—while working under the mentorship of experienced faculty. The institute’s focus on
sustainable and functional material development aligns well with investigating sepiolite- stabilized
emulsions, which hold potential applications in food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. IIT Tirupati
encourages collaborative research and problem-solving, preparing interns to tackle scientific and
industrial challenges responsibly. By integrating fundamental science with practical applications, the
institute not only contributes to academic advancement but also supports national efforts to develop
environmentally sustainable technologies based on natural materials.

History
The Indian Institute of Technology Tirupati (IIT Tirupati) is a relatively new institution, established in
2015. Despite its recent inception, the institute has made significant strides in various academic and
research areas, including the Chemical Engineering department. The department has been instrumental
in shaping the academic and research landscape of IIT Tirupati, focusing on providing high-quality
education and training to its students. From its inception, the Chemical Engineering department at IIT
Tirupati has aimed to equip students with a strong foundation in chemical engineering principles, as
well as practical skills and knowledge essential for a successful career in the field. The department's
curriculum is designed to cover a broad spectrum of subjects, including physical chemistry, organic
chemistry, chemical process principles, thermodynamics fluid mechanics, heat and mass transfer,
reaction engineering, and process control. The department boasts a dedicated faculty team with
expertise in various areas of chemical engineering Faculty members are actively involved in research
and development, publishing papers in reputed international journals. Their research interests span
sustainable energy, process intensification, advanced materials, and more. The faculty's commitment
to research excellence has helped establish the department as a hub for innovative and impactful
research.

Research is a significant focus area for the Chemical Engineering department at IIT Tirupati. The
department has established research collaborations with industry partners and other academic
institutions, enhancing its research capabilities and providing opportunities for students to work on
real-world problems. The department research focus areas include renewable energy, energy
efficiency, and sustainable processes, critical for addressing global energy and environmental
challenges.

The department's strong focus on student development is complemented by its commitment to creating
a supportive and inclusive learning environment. Students are encouraged to participate in research
projects, industry internships, and other activities that enhance their skills and knowledge. The
department's faculty members are dedicated to mentoring students, providing guidance and support
throughout their academic journey.

IIT Tirupati Chemical Engineering department is well-positioned to make a significant impact in the
field of chemical engineering and beyond. With its strong focus on education, research, and
community outreach, the department is producing graduates who are well-equipped to tackle the
challenges of the chemical industry. The department's research activities are contributing to the
development of sustainable and innovative solutions, addressing global challenges and improving the
quality of life.

In conclusion, the Chemical Engineering department at IIT Tirupati has made significant strides since
its inception. With its strong focus on education, research, and community outreach, the department is
well- positioned to make a lasting impact in the field of chemical engineering. The department's
commitment to excellence, innovation, and sustainability will continue to drive its growth and
development, producing graduates who are equipped to tackle the challenges of the chemical industry
and contribute to the development of sustainable research.

Infrastructure
The chemical engineering department of IIT Tirupati focuses in the preparation of Pickering
emulsions for industrial applications. This infrastructure is designed to support research and
development in food-technology, bio- technology, enabling advancements in biotechnology, chemical
engineering, and related fields. Here’s a detailed description of its key features and facilities.
The type of equipment present in this laboratory were
 Ultrasonicator
 Magnetic stirrer
 Centrifuge
 Dynamic light scattering
 Spray dryer
 Turbidity meter

Collaborations and Industry Partnership:

The laboratory collaborates with academic institutions, research organizations, and industry partners
to advance polyphenol extraction technologies. Industry partnerships focus on the commercialization
of research outcomes and the development of scalable bio-based processes. The laboratory supports
the academic curriculum by providing hands-on training to undergraduate, postgraduate, and doctoral
students.

Policies of the organization:

The policies of this organization are
 Safety Policies
 Research Integrity and Ethics
  Data management
 Equipment usage
 Waste Management
 Intellectual Property
 Collaboration and Funding
 Access and Security
 Training and Development
 Environmental Sustainability

These policies are designed to create a safe, ethical, and productive research environment, ensuring that the
IITT can achieve its scientific and educational goals while maintaining high standards of safety and integrity.
For the most accurate and specific polices, it would be best to refer to official IIT Hyderabad documentation of
Chemical
engineering department’s guideline.

CHAPTER 3
INTERNSHIP PART
This research is supported by modern laboratories equipped with instruments for
microscopy, particle size analysis, rheology, and surface characterization, allowing
a detailed study of how sepiolite and Tween-80 interact at the oil-water interface.
The project aligns with the institute’s emphasis on interdisciplinary research and
sustainable material development, as combining sepiolite’s eco- friendly properties
with controlled surfactant use can yield emulsions suitable for food, cosmetic, and
pharmaceutical applications. Guided by experienced faculty, interns learn to design
experiments, analyze data, and understand the mechanisms behind hybrid
stabilization systems. The work also contributes to broader scientific efforts to
develop efficient and environmentally conscious emulsion technologies. Through
this project, demonstrates its commitment to blending traditional materials science
with modern formulation strategies to address real-world industrial and
research challenges. Optimization and the development of advanced techniques continue to
improve efficiency and reduce environmental impact.

Responsibilities in the Intern Organization during the internship:

This laboratory is responsible for preparation of Pickering emulsions and to research over it. This lab
will do researches over emulsions to bring the new idea in the society. This lab will let us to know about
the emulsions present in food and to bring more new products in applications of food, health into the
public.

Weekly work schedule:

The work timings at Nicholos laboratory of chemical engineering department, IIT Tirupati as flexible
whereas 46% strictly including we are also reported it as strict, with majority as 9am-5:30pm.
Equipment’s used:
Some of the most equipment’s used in this laboratory are Ultrasonication, Centrifuge, Particle size
analyzer, Turbidity meter.
ULTRASONICATION
Sonication is defined as the process in which sound waves are used to agitate the particles in the solutions.
These disruptions are used for mixing of the solutions, to increase the speed of dissolution of a solid into a
liquid, and for the removal of dissolved gases from the liquids. In the ultra-sonication process, cavitation
leads to dispersion, homogenization, disintegration, emulsions, extraction, and Sono chemical effects of the
liquids. High power ultrasound is introduced to the liquid which creates regions of high pressure (known as
compression) and low pressure (known as rarefaction). The creation of these regions is dependent on the
rate of frequency at which the ultrasound is applied. These extractors are commonly used in industries such
as pharmaceuticals, food and beverage, and environmental monitoring.
 Fig: Ultrasonicator
DYNAMIC LIGHT SCATTERING
The DLS Particle Size and Zeta Potential Analyzer is a user-friendly system for colloidal,
nanoparticulate and macromolecular characterization:
It can determine particle size distribution, particle zeta potential (related to the magnitude of the
electrical charge at the particle surface) and molecular weight of large polymeric substances dispersed in
water. The significance of zeta potential is that its value can be related to the stability of colloidal
dispersions (e.g., a multivitamin syrup). The zeta potential indicates the degree of repulsion between
adjacent, similarly charged particles (e.g., the vitamins) in a dispersion.

A Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) particle size analyzer is an advanced instrument used to measure the
size distribution of particles or droplets in a suspension by analyzing fluctuations in scattered laser light
caused by the Brownian motion of particles. It calculates the hydrodynamic diameter based on the
diffusion coefficient, offering quick and non-destructive analysis of particles typically ranging from a
few nanometers to a few micrometers. This is especially useful in research on Pickering emulsions
stabilized with sepiolite and Tween-80, as it helps determine droplet size and monitor changes in
stability over time. Complementing this, a zeta potential analyzer measures the electrical potential at the
slipping plane around suspended particles, which reflects their surface charge and indicates how likely
they are to repel each other and remain dispersed. High absolute zeta potential values suggest strong
repulsion and good stability, while low values may point to potential aggregation or phase separation.
 Fig: Dynamic light scattering
CENTRIFUGE
A centrifuge is a laboratory device that separates particles of different densities
or sizes from a mixture by applying a centrifugal force. This force is generated
by spinning the mixture at high speeds, causing the heavier particles to move
towards the bottom of the centrifuge tube and the lighter particles to remain
closer to the top. Centrifuges are widely used in various fields, including
medicine, biology, chemistry, and research, for applications such as separating
blood components, isolating DNA, purifying proteins, and analyzing the properties
of different materials.

The working principle of a centrifuge is based on the concept of centrifugal force,

which is a fictitious force that arises from the inertia of objects when they are moving
in a circular path. When a mixture is spun at high speeds, the centrifugal force
pushes the heavier particles away from the center of rotation, causing them to settle
at the bottom of the centrifuge tube. The separation of particles is determined by
their size, shape, and density, as well as the speed and duration of the
centrifugation.

NEPHILIOMETRICMERTIC TURBUDITY METER

A nephelometric turbidimeter is a precision instrument used to measure the turbidity—or the degree of
cloudiness—of liquids by detecting the intensity of light scattered by suspended particles. The device
typically consists of a light source, often an LED or tungsten filament lamp, which directs a beam of
light into a sample cell containing the liquid to be tested. Positioned at a 90-degree angle to the
incoming light beam is a photodetector that captures the scattered light produced by the particles
present in the sample. The amount of scattered light detected is directly proportional to the turbidity of
the sample, expressed in nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). Modern turbidimeters are equipped
with digital displays for real-time readouts, automatic calibration functions, and sometimes memory
for data storage and transfer. They are designed to minimize errors caused by stray light, color
interference, or ambient conditions. These instruments are essential in water treatment facilities,
environmental monitoring, food and beverage industries, and research laboratories to ensure water
clarity, safety, and compliance with quality standards. By providing quick, accurate, and repeatable

measurements, nephelometric turbidimeters support effective process control and protect public health
through reliable water quality assessment.
Fig: Nephelometric turbidity meter
MAGNETIC STIRRER
Magnetic stirrer is a widely used laboratory device designed to mix liquids
efficiently and uniformly using rotating magnetic field. At its core, the equipment
consists of a flat platform housing a motor-driven system that spins a powerful
magnet or a series of electromagnets beneath its surface. When a small, coated
magnetic stir bar—commonly made of inert materials like PTFE
(polytetrafluoroethylene)—is placed inside a container of liquid positioned on the
platform, it couples magnetically with the rotating field and begins to spin, thus
stirring the liquid. This stirring action promotes homogeneous mixing, prevents
sedimentation of suspended particles, and aids in heat distribution during
reactions.

Magnetic stirrers are especially valued for their simplicity, compact design, and
ability to provide contamination-free mixing since no external moving parts
directly contact the liquid. Many models include an integrated heating element,
turning them into hotplate stirrers capable of simultaneously stirring and heating
solutions, which is particularly useful in chemical syntheses, dissolving solids, and
preparing buffer solutions. Advanced versions may offer features like adjustable
stirring speed, digital displays for precise speed and temperature control, and
programmable functions for complex experimental needs.

Magnetic stirrers are typically used with beakers, flasks, or other non-metallic
laboratory vessels, as metallic containers can interfere with the magnetic field.
The choice of stir bar shape and size can also influence mixing efficiency, with
common shapes including cylindrical, octagonal, and pivot ring designs suited for
various vessel geometries and volumes. Their quiet operation, ease of cleaning,
and ability to handle closed systems make magnetic stirrers’ essential tools in
chemistry, biology, biochemistry, and materials science laboratories. By offering

consistent and controlled agitation, magnetic stirrers help ensure reproducibility

and reliability in experimental procedures.
Fig: Magnetic stirrer

SPRAY DRYER
Spray drying is one of the processes that produces solid dry powder from liquids, organic solutions,
emulsions and suspensions with a hot gas generally used to dry many thermally sensitive substances
(Paniwynk, 2014). Spray drying is one of the most industrially preferred methods to manufacture
instant food products, detergents, dyes and pharmaceutical products like antibiotics, enzymes,
vitamins etc. Spray drying has become an efficient method for drying and formulation technique in
pharmaceutical and biopharmaceutical industries as it provides significant economic and processing
advantages compared to lyophilization or freeze-drying techniques (Ziaee et al., 2019).
Spray drying typically consists of four crucial steps:
a) Atomization of the liquid solution into a spray of droplets
b) Contact of sprayed droplets with the hot air in the drying chamber/cylinder
c) Moisture evaporation from the droplets and dry particle formation in the drying chamber, and
d) Collection of dried particles using a cyclone

Fig: Spray Dryer

 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FIRST WEEK

Day Person In-

Brief description of the daily
& Learning Outcome Charge
activity
Date Signature

Today, I visited IIT Tirupati for the start of my I learned some communication
Day-1
internship I met Dr. Anki Reddy Professor skills, and basic idea about the
Dept. of Chemical Engineering internship
15/5/25
IIT Tirupati the Head of the Chemical
Thursday Engineering Department.

Today my guide allotted a topic I know brief introduction of my

Day – 2
I read some research topics. topic
16/5/25
Friday

I spent the day reviewing various research I gained a comprehensive

Day – 3
papers on Pickering emulsions understanding of the stabilization
17/5/25
of pickering emulsions
Saturday

Day – 4
- -.
18/5/25
Sunday
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK–1(From: 15-05-20245 to 18-05-2025)

Detailed report:
During my first week at IIT Tirupati for my research project, I immersed myself in understanding
STABILIZATION OF PICKERING EMULSIONS through extensive reading of research and review
papers. I had the privilege of meeting Dr. Anki Reddy, Professor in the Department of Chemical
Engineering and Head of the Chemical Engineering Department. Additionally, I engaged in insightful
discussions with Selva Kumar, Yumnam Nandan Singh, PhD Research scholars, who shared significant
historical insights and key discoveries related to Emulsions. Through these interactions and readings, I
gained comprehensive knowledge about the stabilization of Pickering emulsions.

A Pickering emulsion is one that is stabilized by fine solid particles. During HTL, particles of clay,
alumino- silicate and bio-char are present, these particles stabilize the oily crude between the
solid/aqueous interphase and is difficult to separate. When microalgal feedstock is used, the high level
of nitrogenous compounds formed further stabilizes the emulsion in a manner similar to that occurs in
tar sands. Currently, the oily phase of the emulsion can be separated from the solid by
solvent extraction. Tirupati Chemical Engineering Department during this initial week was enriching
and informative, providing me with a solid foundation to embark on my research journey into
stabilization of Pickering emulsions with the combination of sepiolite and Tween-80.
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE SECOND WEEK

Day Person In-

Brief description of the
& Learning Outcome Charge
daily activity
Date Signature

Learned how to use

Made nanoclay dispersions using different Ultrasonicator.
19-05-2025 concentrations of sepiolite by
Monday ultrasonication method

Prepared a mixture of Sepiolite and different Learned about how

concentrations of Tween 80 which acts an Tween 80 acts as an
20-05-2025 emulsifier emulsifier.
Tuesday

Centrifuged the mixture at 15000 rpm for 15 Learned how to operate

minutes till we get a clear supernatant. High speed Centrifuge.
21-05-2025 Washed the pellet with distilled water.
Wednesday

Kept the Sepiolite-Tween 80 mixture for

drying and grinded the powder using mortar
22-05-2024 and pestle. Learned about how
Thursday sepiolite and tween 80
interact.

23-05-2025 Learned about Fluorescence microscopy. Taught about how

Friday fluorescence microscopy
works and its
mechanism.

24-05-2025 Added Rhodamine-B, a dye, to the mixture and Learned how to take
Saturday checked the microscopic images using microscopy images and
fluorescence microscopy. analyze them.
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK–2(From:20-05-2024 to 25-05-2024)

Detailed Report:

The activity log for the second week captures a combination of hands-on laboratory techniques and
conceptual learning focused on nano clay dispersions and microscopy. Initially, nano clay dispersions
were prepared by ultrasonication using different concentrations of sepiolite, which taught the use of the
ultrasonicator and highlighted its role in achieving uniform dispersion. Next, mixture containing sepiolite
and various concentrations of Tween 80, an emulsifier, were prepared to study how emulsifiers stabilize
dispersions. This was followed by centrifugation at 15,000 rpm for 15 minutes to separate the clear
supernatant, deepening understanding of high-speed centrifuge operation and sample purification. The
solid mixtures were then dried and ground using a mortar and ` pestle, providing insight into the
physical interaction between sepiolite and Tween 80. Further, an introduction to fluorescence microscopy
explained its working principles and mechanisms, connecting structural properties to imaging techniques.
Finally, Rhodamine-B dye was added to the prepared samples to visualize them under the fluorescence
microscope, where microscopy images were captured and analyzed. Overall, these activities developed
practical skills in sample preparation, equipment handling, and data interpretation while building a strong
foundation in understanding how stabilizers and imaging methods contribute to characterizing nano clay-
based emulsions.
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE THIRD WEEK

Day Person
Brief description of the
& Learning Outcome In-Charge
daily activity
Date Signature

Studied and learnt about Black pepper

26-05-2025 and the components present like Understood how Black pepper
Monday essential oils, oleoresins etc. essential oil is extracted and its
characteristics.

27-05-2025 Made Pickering emulsions with black Learned about different types
Tuesday pepper essential oil as oil phase, PBS as of emulsions.
water phase and sepiolite – tween 80 as
stabilizer at different concentrations

Learned about different

Checked the stability of the factors that effect emulsion
28-05-2025 Pickering Emulsions. stability like creaming,
Wednesday sedimentation, flocculation
etc.

Guide taught about Particle Size analyzer.

29-05-2025 Learned the working principle

Thursday of Particle size analyzer.

Made Pickering emulsions varying

sepiolite and tween 80
30-05-2025 concentrations. Learned the optimization of
Friday different parameters to make
emulsions stable.

Learned how to use PSA and

Checked particle sizes of the Pickering how to analyze the data.
31-06-2025 Emulsions using Particle Size Analyzer.
Saturday
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK–3(From: 26-05-2025 to 01-06-2025)

Detailed Report:

A detailed blend of theoretical learning and practical experimentation centered around Pickering
emulsions and black pepper essential oil. The week began by studying black pepper, focusing on the
extraction process of its essential oil and exploring its chemical components and characteristic
properties, which is crucial for understanding its functionality in emulsion systems. Building on this
foundation, practical work involved formulating Pickering emulsions where black pepper essential oil
served as the oil phase and phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) acted as the aqueous phase. These
emulsions were stabilized using sepiolite, a nano clay known for its high surface area, and Tween 80, a
common surfactant, at different concentrations to investigate their combined effects on stability.

Throughout the week, attention was given to learning the various types of emulsions and the factors
influencing their stability, such as creaming, flocculation, and sedimentation. The experimental
process was complemented by detailed instruction on the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Guidance
covered both the operational aspects and the scientific principles behind particle size analysis, which is
vital for evaluating emulsion uniformity and predicting long-term stability. Practical sessions included
using the PSA to measure and compare the particle sizes of different emulsion formulations, followed
by analyzing this data to draw conclusions on formulation efficiency. Key learning outcomes from this
week included mastering the PSA's working principle, gaining skills in data interpretation, and
understanding how formulation parameters like stabilizer concentration impact emulsion behavior.
Additionally, the experience emphasized the importance of systematic optimization to achieve stable
emulsions suitable for real-world applications. Overall, this week offered a comprehensive approach
combining scientific understanding of essential oil chemistry, emulsion formulation techniques,
stability testing, and analytical skill development, thereby enhancing both theoretical knowledge and
practical laboratory expertise in emulsion science.
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FORTH WEEK

Day Person
Brief description of the daily
& Learning Outcome In-
activity
Date Charge
Signatur
e

Today I Prepared a mixture of Sepiolite Understood and practiced the

and add distilled water and keeping the preparation of sepiolite
02-06-2024 mixture in magnetic stirrer for few emulsions and the importance of
Monday minutes mixing additives to
achieve stability.

After that take the mixture and do the Learned to perform

ultrasonication method ultrasonication at different
03-06-2024 amplitudes and times to observe
Tuesday its effect on emulsion properties.

Do ultrasonication with an different Gained practical skills in

amplitudes at an particular time . operating and calibrating
04-06-2024 the nephelometric
Wednesday turbidimeter and turbidity
meter to measure and
analyze sample turbidity
accurately.

Developed the ability to

After preparing the samples compare and interpret
05-06-2024 Guide taught about to find turbudity of turbidity results across
Thursday that samples,also he taught how to use samples with different
the nephiliometric turbudity meter concentrations.

06-06-2024 Checked turbudity of the samples with the Interpret the turbudity results
Friday turbuidity meter

Developing practical skills and

Also, I checked the different concentrations understanding scientific
07-06-2024 of the samples with turbudity meter and note principles
Saturday the values carefully
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK–4 (From: 04-06-2024 to 7-06-2024)

Detailed Report:
The activity log documents a structured series of experiments and analyses focused on preparing and
characterizing sepiolite-based emulsions. Initially, a mixture of sepiolite and distilled water was
prepared and stirred using a magnetic stirrer to ensure uniform dispersion, highlighting the role of
mixing additives in stabilizing emulsions. Following this, the prepared mixture underwent
ultrasonication at different amplitudes and time intervals to examine how these parameters influence the
physical properties and stability of the emulsions. Practical training continued with operating a
nephelometric turbidimeter and a standard turbidity meter, where samples were carefully calibrated and
measured to determine turbidity levels. This process offered hands-on experience in accurately
analyzing turbidity, a key indicator of dispersion and stability in colloidal systems. The learning
outcomes included the ability to systematically interpret turbidity data, compare results across samples
with varying concentrations, and appreciate the scientific basis behind each method. By carefully noting
and analyzing the data, the process emphasized the critical role of quantitative measurement in research
and quality assessment. Overall, these activities combined theoretical understanding of emulsion
science with practical skills in advanced laboratory equipment, fostering a comprehensive grasp of both
preparation and evaluation techniques essential for material characterization.
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE FIFTH WEEK

Day Person In-

Brief description of the
& Learning Outcome Charge
daily activity
Date Signature

Made nanoclay dispersions using Understood how to

different concentrations of sepiolite prepare emulsions using
9-06-2024
different concentrations of
Monday
sepiolite.

Prepared a mixture of Sepiolite and

different concentrations and do Gained practical skills in
10-06-2024 ultrasonication with different time and preparing and handling
Tuesday amplitude mixtures of stabilizers for
emulsion formation.

After sonicating the mixture I do same to

find turbudity of that particular samples
11-06-2024 Learned to operate and
Wednesday monitor a magnetic stirrer
and observe its effect on the
uniformity and stability of
emulsions.

12-06-2025 Also I observe the turbudity Developed the ability to

Thursday values of the samples because I do measure and interpret
here ultrasonication with different turbidity values of emulsion
samples over time.
time intervals

Acquired knowledge of how

13-06-2024
Checked the turbudity of the all samples. turbidity changes can reflect the
Friday stability and quality of
emulsions at different time
intervals.
-
-
14-06-2024
Saturday
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK–5(from 10-06-2024 to 15-06-2024)

Detailed Report:
The activity log for the fifth week documents systematic experiments aimed at exploring the role of
sepiolite nanoclay in stabilizing emulsions. Initially, nanoclay dispersions were prepared using varying
concentrations of sepiolite to understand how concentration affects emulsion properties. Following this,
mixtures were subjected to ultrasonication at different amplitudes and durations, which provided practical
experience in handling and optimizing stabilizers for emulsion formation. This step was critical in
dispersing particles uniformly and enhancing stability. After sonication, the turbidity of the emulsions was
measured to assess uniformity and consistency. Observing turbidity values over different time intervals
helped evaluate how processing conditions like ultrasonication time impact stability. Operating and
monitoring equipment such as magnetic stirrers and turbidity meters offered hands-on training, deepening
understanding of their influence on emulsion uniformity. The key learning outcomes included the ability
to prepare emulsions using various stabilizer concentrations, accurately measure and interpret turbidity
data, and recognize how changes in turbidity correlate with emulsion quality overtime. Overall, these
activities combined theoretical knowledge with practical laboratory techniques, fostering a comprehensive
understanding of emulsion science, particularly the effect of process parameters and stabilizer
concentration on achieving stable and high-quality emulsions.
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE SIXTH WEEK

Day Person
Brief description of the daily
& Learning Outcome In-Charge
activity
Date Signature

Gained hands-on experience

in preparing nano clay
Today also I made nano clay dispersions of
16-06-2025 dispersions. Understood the
sepiolite using different concentrations
Monday influence of concentration
variations on dispersion
stability and properties.

Making emulsions with sepiolite and do Learned the process of forming

ultrasonication for 10 min with an 50% emulsions using sepiolite as a
17-06-2025
amplitude stabilizer
Tuesday
18-06-2025 I learned how to prepare a ppt
Wednesday Review slides and how to present ppt

After ultrasonication I add black pepper Gained knowledge about the

essential oil again do ultasonication for role of repeated ultrasonication
19-06-2025
10 min with an amplitude 50%. in achieving uniform
Thursday
dispersion.

After ultrasonication I do centrifugation Understood the importance of

with an rpm 7000 for 15min. vacuum drying in converting
20-06-2024
After centrifugation, keep the sample in emulsions into dry forms for
Friday
vacuum oven for 1 day further use.

. Observed transformation of
21-06-2025 emulsions into powder form.

Saturday Remove the sample from vacuum oven it Gained insights into post-
becomes powdered form emulsions processing techniques for
stabilizing and preserving
emulsion-based products.
 WEEKLY REPORT
Week 6(From 16-06-2025 to 21-06-2025)

Detailed Report
This activity log for the sixth week captures a systematic exploration of preparing and processing nano
clay- based Pickering emulsions using sepiolite. The week begins with preparing nano clay dispersions of
sepiolite at varying concentrations, aiming to study how concentration influences dispersion stability and
particle interactions. Following this, emulsions are created using these dispersions, and ultrasonic
treatment is applied for 10 minutes at 50% amplitude to ensure better mixing and reduce droplet size,
enhancing emulsion stability. The process then advances by adding black pepper essential oil to the
emulsions and subjecting them again to ultrasonication, which helps to uniformly incorporate the oil and
potentially improves the bioactive properties of the final product. Further processing includes
centrifugation at 7000 rpm for 15 minutes to separate the phases and concentrate the emulsion, followed
by drying the sample in a vacuum oven for 24 hours to obtain a powdered form. This powdered emulsion
form can be useful for extended storage, ease of transport, and controlled release applications. Overall,
these activities not only develop hands-on skills in emulsion formulation, ultrasonication, and separation
techniques but also deepen understanding of how process parameters affect the structure, stability, and
functionality of sepiolite-stabilized emulsions.
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE SEVEN WEEK

Day Person
Brief description of the daily
& Learning Outcome In-Charge
activity
Date Signature

Learned about the Nanocellulose Understood the basic

crystals (CNC) properties, structure, and
23-06-2025
significance of
Monday
nanocellulose crystals.

Learned about three types of Differentiated between

nanocellulose crystals various sources and types
24-06-2025
Like commercial CNC, coconut of nanocellulose crystals.
Tuesday
CNC Learned the advantages and
limitations of using natural
sources like coconut for
CNC production.

After that I made sample with Acquired practical skills in

coconut cellulose nano crystal like sample preparation using
50g sample with 30ml water natural nanocellulose
25-06-2025
materials.
Wednesday

Understood the importance

After adding keep the bottle for of incubation in stabilizing
1hour or activating nanocellulose
26-06-2025
incupation dispersions.
Thursday
Gained knowledge about
incubation time’s effect on
absorption and interaction
properties.

I observe how much of water will

be absorb after incupation
27-06-2025
Developed observation and
Friday
measurement skills to
evaluate water absorption
capacity.

Resulted that water must be increased Understood the need for

27-06-2025 after incubation adjusting water quantity
Saturday based on material
absorption behavior
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK–7(From 24-06-2024 to 29-06-2024)

Detailed Report

This activity log documents a focused exploration of nanocellulose crystals (CNC) and their behavior in
aqueous systems. The week began by learning the fundamental properties and significance of CNC,
including its renewable nature, high surface area, and impressive mechanical strength. Further, the study
covered three different types of nanocellulose crystals: commercial CNC, coconut-derived CNC, and
laboratory-prepared samples, emphasizing their diverse sources and potential applications in materials
science. Experimentally, a sample was prepared by mixing 50 grams of coconut cellulose nanocrystals
with 30 milliliters of water to investigate water absorption behavior. After mixing, the sample was left to
incubate for one hour, allowing the CNC to interact fully with water and reveal its swelling and absorption
capacity. Observations focused on quantifying how much water was absorbed by the nanocrystals after
incubation, which provides practical insight into their hydration properties and influences on formulation
stability. The result highlighted that the amount of water added should be increased to optimize dispersion
and prevent excessive viscosity or incomplete hydration. Through this activity, the learning outcome was
to understand the water absorption characteristics of CNC, its practical handling in formulation, and how
incubation time and water ratios affect dispersion quality and material properties.
 ACTIVITY LOG FOR THE EIGHTH WEEK

Day Person
Brief description of the daily
& Learning Outcome In-Charge
activity
Date Signature

Today I prepare emulsions with

protein sample which is brown rice Understood the procedure
30-06-2025
sample for preparing emulsions
Monday
using protein-rich brown
rice samples.

Made mixture with protein Learned how to formulate

sample and add distilled water protein-based emulsions
1-07-2025
Do homogenization with accurate water-to-
Tuesday
protein ratios.

Acquired knowledge on
After homogenization add NaCl to the effect of salt (NaCl)
that mixture again do and oleoresin on emulsion
2-07-2025
homogenization and add oleoresin stability.
Wednesday
do ultrasonication for 5min.

. Understood how particle

Checked the particle size of the size impacts the quality
prepared emulsions using Particle and stability of emulsions
3-07-2025
Size Analyzer
Thursday

We began drafting the project report, Developed technical

4-06-2025 summarizing the week’s findings writing skills to compile
Friday
and present experimental
observations.
Understood the
importance of
documenting research
processes and results

We finalized and reviewed the project Strengthened skills in

5-06-2025 report for accuracy and completeness. proofreading, reviewing,
Saturday and finalizing scientific
documentation.
 WEEKLY REPORT
WEEK-8 (From 30-6-2025 to 5-07-2025)

Detailed Report

The activities documented reflect a structured and hands-on laboratory workflow focused on the
preparation, processing, analysis, and reporting of emulsions using a brown rice protein sample. The
week began with the preparation of emulsions, where a brown rice-derived protein sample was
utilized. This plant-based protein is known for its nutritional value and functional properties, making
it a suitable emulsifier in food and pharmaceutical formulations.

The process proceeded with the preparation of a mixture by combining the protein sample with
distilled water. This mixture underwent homogenization, a mechanical process that helps in
dispersing the protein molecules evenly, leading to a uniform and stable emulsion. Homogenization
breaks down fat globules and ensures consistency in the final product.

In the next step, NaCl (sodium chloride) was added to the mixture to enhance the ionic strength and
stabilize the emulsion structure. This was followed by a second round of homogenization to reinforce
uniform distribution. Oleoresin, likely included for its lipid and flavoring properties, was added, and
the mixture was subjected to ultrasonication for 5 minutes. Ultrasonication involves the use of high-
frequency sound waves to reduce particle size and further improve emulsion quality by enhancing
dispersion and interaction among particles.

Once the emulsions were prepared, their particle size was analyzed using a Particle Size Analyzer,
which is a critical quality control step. Particle size affects texture, appearance, and stability of
emulsions, especially in food and cosmetic industries.

Towards the end of the week, the focus shifted to report writing. A draft report was prepared,
summarizing the findings and observations from the laboratory work. Finally, the report was
reviewed and finalized for accuracy, ensuring it captured all essential experimental details, results,
and learning outcomes. This phase emphasized the importance of scientific communication and
documentation skills.

CHAPTER 5
 OUTCOMES DESCRIPTION

Describe the work environment you have experienced

During my internship at IIT Tirupati, I was immersed in a stimulating and rigorous academic
environment that fostered innovation, collaboration, and personal growth. The campus, nestled in serene
surroundings, provided an ideal backdrop for research and learning.

The lab environment was both dynamic and supportive, characterized by a culture of curiosity and
meticulous scientific inquiry. Under the guidance of experienced faculty and researchers, I performed
into various aspects of polyphenol extraction from coconut testa. where I learned how to extract
polyphenols in nonconventional methods by using deep eutectic solvents. The daily interactions with
professors and peers were intellectually stimulating, providing a platform for exchange of ideas,
troubleshooting research challenges, and fostering a collaborative spirit.

The interdisciplinary nature of the research was evident, as our work bridged fields like biotechnology,
agriculture, and environmental science. Regular seminars, workshops, and journal clubs were integral to
our routine, enhancing our knowledge base and keeping us updated with the latest advancements in the
field. These sessions often featured esteemed researchers from other institutions, offering broader
perspectives and inspiring us to think beyond conventional boundaries. Moreover, the emphasis on
practical application of research was profound. The hands-on experience in the lab was complemented
by field visits to local mushroom farms, where we observed large-scale cultivation processes and
interacted with industry experts. These experiences were invaluable, providing a holistic understanding
of the subject.

The work culture at IIT Tirupati was characterized by a balanced blend of autonomy and mentorship.
While we were given the freedom to explore our research interests, there was always a support system
in place to guide us. The faculty were approachable and invested in our academic and professional
development. Their feedback was constructive and aimed at honing our research skills and scientific
acumen. Beyond the academic rigor, the campus life at IIT Tirupati was vibrant and enriching. The
institution hosted various extracurricular activities, cultural events, and sports, ensuring a well-rounded
experience. The camaraderie among students from diverse backgrounds fostered a sense of community
and belonging.
In conclusion, my internship at IIT Tirupati was a transformative experience. The exposure to high-
caliber research, coupled with the supportive and resource-rich environment, significantly enhanced
my understanding and skills in the field of mycology. The collaborative and innovative spirit that
permeated the campus instilled in me a lifelong passion for scientific inquiry and a commitment to
contributing meaningfully to the field.

Describe the real time technical skills you have acquired

During my internship at IIT Tirupati, I acquired a diverse set of real-time technical skills that
significantly enhanced my practical knowledge and proficiency in scientific research, particularly
in the field of mycology. The hands-on experience and intensive training provided a solid foundation
in various technical aspects, which are detailed below:
1.Laboratory Skills:
Aseptic Techniques: Proficiency in aseptic methods was crucial to prevent contamination during
experiments. This included working within laminar flow hoods, proper handling of sterilized
equipment, and maintaining clean workspaces.

Data Interpretation and Statistical Analysis

Data gathered from experiments must be analyzed effectively to draw meaningful conclusions:
 Use of Software Tools: Employing MS Excel, MATLAB, or OriginLab for plotting,

regression analysis, error bars, and standard deviation.

 Trend Identification: Understanding how changes in parameters affect polyphenol yield.
 Reproducibility Testing: Performing triplicate or duplicate runs to confirm consistency of
results.
 Validation of Results: Ensuring results are within expected ranges, or comparing them with
literature data for accuracy.

Safety and Laboratory Protocols

Adherence to safety protocols is crucial in handling solvents and high-temperature equipment:
 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): Proper use of gloves, goggles, and lab coats.
 Chemical Handling Knowledge: Understanding MSDS (Material Safety Data Sheet) for each
chemical used.
 Waste Disposal Techniques: Proper disposal of organic solvents and plant residues following lab
safety regulations.

Documentation and Reporting Skills

Every technical process must be properly recorded and reported:
 Maintaining a lab notebook with precise entries of methods, conditions, and results.

 Preparing standard operating procedures (SOPs) for extraction methods.

 Compiling lab reports and presentations with graphs, tables, and discussions that reflect
experimental accuracy and critical thinking.

Interdisciplinary Collaboration:
Teamwork and Communication: Working effectively in a multidisciplinary team, communicating
research findings, and collaborating with peers and mentors from diverse scientific backgrounds.
This included presenting research updates, participating in group discussions, and contributing to
collective problem-solving efforts.

Overall, my internship at IIT Tirupati equipped me with a comprehensive set of technical skills that
are directly applicable to real-world research and industrial applications in mycology and
biotechnology. These skills not only enhanced my practical knowledge but also prepared me for future
scientific endeavors and career opportunities in related field
Describe the managerial skills you have acquired
During my internship at IIT Tirupati, I developed a range of managerial skills that significantly
enhanced my ability to lead and coordinate research projects effectively. One of the key skills I
acquired was project management, which involved meticulous planning, organization, and resource
allocation. I learned to create detailed project plans, set timelines, and manage budgets efficiently,
ensuring optimal use of lab equipment, reagents, and materials. Time management was another crucial
skill, as I balanced multiple tasks and deadlines by prioritizing effectively and adhering to detailed
schedules that outlined daily, weekly, and monthly tasks.

Leadership and collaboration were central to my role, where I honed my ability to delegate tasks based
on team members' strengths, provide support and encouragement, and offer constructive feedback.
Clear and concise communication was essential for coordinating efforts within the team and with
external collaborators, and I became adept at writing research reports, preparing presentations, and
conducting meetings to discuss project progress. Problem-solving and decision-making skills were
vital, as I developed analytical thinking to address research challenges and made informed decisions
quickly to keep projects on track.

Documentation and reporting were critical aspects of my role, requiring meticulous record-keeping
and comprehensive report writing to ensure reproducibility and reliability of research findings. I also
learned to adapt quickly to unexpected challenges, adjust experimental plans, and remain flexible in
the face of evolving project requirements. Upholding ethical standards and conducting myself with
professionalism were integral to my work, fostering a positive and inclusive work environment.
Overall, these managerial skills have equipped me with the tools necessary for effective leadership and
collaboration in any scientific or industrial setting, preparing me for future academic and
professional challenges.

Describe how you could improve your communication skills

My internship at IIT Tirupati significantly improved my communication skills in various ways, crucial
for both academic and professional development. Working in a collaborative research environment, I
learned to articulate my ideas clearly and concisely, which was essential for effective teamwork and
successful project execution. Regularly participating in meetings, discussions, and presentations
enhanced my ability to convey complex scientific concepts to diverse audiences, including peers,
mentors.
Preparing research reports and documentation honed my written communication skills, as I needed to
present data and findings in a structured and coherent manner. This involved crafting detailed
experimental procedures, results, and conclusions, which improved my technical writing abilities.
Additionally, presenting my research at seminars and workshops required me to develop engaging and
informative presentations, further refining my public speaking skills.

Describe the technological developments you have observed and

relevant to the subject area of training

Advanced Analytical Techniques

Developments:
Shift from basic UV-Vis spectrophotometry to advanced methods like:
 HPLC (High Performance Liquid Chromatography)
 FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy)
 LC-MS (Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry)

Process Optimization Using Design of Experiments (DOE)

Development:
Use of Response Surface Methodology (RSM) or Taguchi Methods for parameter optimization.
Relevance:
 Determines optimal conditions for solvent ratio, temperature, time, and solid-liquid ratio.
 Saves resources and improves reproducibility.

Conclusion
.
 PHOTO GALLERY

Fig: Dynamic Light scattering Fig:Emulsions

Fig: Ultrasonication Fig: Sepiolite

-=

Fig:
Particle size
Analyser (PSA)
Fig: Centrifuge Fig:Centrifuge Bottles
Student Self Evaluation of the Short-Term Internship

Student Name: P. KEJIYA Registration No: 2001A08076

Term of Internship: 8 Weeks From: 12-05-2025 To: 12-07-2025

Date of Evaluation:
Organization Name & Address:

Please rate your performance in the following areas:

Rating Scale: Letter grade of CGPA calculation to be provided

1 Oral communication 1 2 3 4 5
2 Written communication 1 2 3 4 5
3 Proactiveness 1 2 3 4 5
4 Interaction ability with community 1 2 3 4 5
5 Positive Attitude 1 2 3 4 5
6 Self-confidence 1 2 3 4 5
7 Ability to learn 1 2 3 4 5
8 Work plan and organization 1 2 3 4 5
9 Professionalism 1 2 3 4 5
10 Creativity 1 2 3 4 5
11 Quality of work done 1 2 3 4 5
12 Time Management 1 2 3 4 5
13 Understanding the Community 1 2 3 4 5
14 Achievement of Desired Outcomes 1 2 3 4 5
15 OVERALLPERFORMANCE 1 2 3 4 5

Date: Signature of the Student

 Evaluation by the Supervisor of the Intern Organization

Student Name: P. KEJIYA Registration No: 22001A0806

Term of Internship: 8 Weeks From: 12-05-2025 To: 12-07-2025

Date of Evaluation: 27- 07-2024

Organization Name & Address: IIT TIRUPATI, Yerpedu, Venkatagiri Road, Tirupati
Name & Address of the Supervisor with
Mobile Number

Please rate the student’s performance in the following areas:

Please note that your evaluation shall be done independent of the Student’s self-evaluation

RatingScale:1 is lowest and 5 is highest rank

1 Oral communication 1 2 3 4 5
2 Written communication 1 2 3 4 5
3 Proactiveness 1 2 3 4 5
4 Interaction ability with community 1 2 3 4 5
5 Positive Attitude 1 2 3 4 5
6 Self-confidence 1 2 3 4 5
7 Ability to learn 1 2 3 4 5
8 Work Plan and organization 1 2 3 4 5
9 Professionalism 1 2 3 4 5
10 Creativity 1 2 3 4 5
11 Quality of work done 1 2 3 4 5
12 Time Management 1 2 3 4 5
13 Understanding the Community 1 2 3 4 5
14 Achievement of Desired Outcomes 1 2 3 4 5
15 OVERALLPERFORMANCE 1 2 3 4 5

Date: Signature
 EVALUATION

Internal & External Evaluation for Semester Internship

Objectives:
 Explore career alternatives prior to graduation.
 To assess interests and abilities in the field of study.
 To develop communication, interpersonal and other critical skills in the future job.
 To acquire additional skills required for the world of work.
 To acquire employment contacts leading directly to a full-time job following
graduation from college.

Assessment Model:
 There shall be both internal evaluation and external evaluation.
 The Faculty Guide assigned is in-charge of the learning activities of the students
and for the comprehensive and continuous assessment of the students.
 The assessment is to be conducted for 200 marks. Internal Evaluation for 50 marks
and External Evaluation for 150 marks
 The number of credits assigned is 12 .Later the marks shall be converted into grades
and grade points to include finally in the SGPA and CGPA.
 The weightings for Internal Evaluation shall be:
o Activity Log 10marks
o Internship Evaluation 30marks
o Oral Presentation 10marks
 The weightings for External Evaluation shall be:
o Internship Evaluation 100marks
o Viva-Voce 50marks
 The External Evaluation shall be conducted by an Evaluation Committee
comprising of the Principal, Faculty Guide, Internal Expert and External Expert
nominated by the affiliating University. The Evaluation Committee shall also
consider the grading given by the Supervisor of the Intern Organization.
 Activity Log is the record of the day-to-day activities. The Activity Log is assessed
on an individual basis, thus allowing for individual members within groups to be
assessed this way. The assessment will take into consideration
The individual student’s involvement in the assigned work.
 While evaluating the student’s Activity Log, the following shall be considered
a. The individual student’s effort and commitment.
b. The originality and quality of the work produced by the individual student.
c. The student’s integration and co-operation with the work assigned.
d. The completeness of the Activity Log.
 The Internship Evaluation shall include the following components and based on
Weekly Reports and Outcomes Description
a. Description of the Work Environment.
b. Real Time Technical Skills acquired.
c. Managerial Skills acquired.
d. Improvement of Communication Skills.
e. Team Dynamics
f. Technological Developments recorded.
 INTERNAL ASSESSMENT STATEMENT

Name Of the Student:

Programme of Study:
Year of Study:
Group:
Register No/H.T. No:
Name of the College:
University:

Sl.No Evaluation Criterion Maximu Mark

m s
Marks Award
ed
1. Activity Log 10
2. Internship Evaluation 30
3. Oral Presentation 10
GRANDTOTAL 50

Date: Signature of the Faculty Guide

 EXTERNALASSESSMENTSTATEMENT

Name Of the Student:

Programme of Study:
Year of Study:
Group:
Register No/H.T. No:
Name of the College:
University:

Maximu Mark
Sl.No Evaluation Criterion
m s
Marks Award
ed
1. Internship Evaluation 80
For the grading giving by the Supervisor of
2. 20
the Intern Organization
3. Viva-Voce 50
TOTAL 150
GRANDTOTAL(EXT.50M+INT.100M) 200

Signature of the Faculty Guide

Signature of the Internal Expert

Signature of the External Expert

Signature of the Principal with Seal