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THIRD EDITION
Research Methods
in Psychology
EVALUATING A WORLD OF INFORMATION
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THIRD EDITION
Research Methods
in Psychology
EVALUATING A WORLD OF INFORMATION
Beth Morling
UNIVERSIT Y OF DEL AWARE
n
W. W. N O RTO N & CO M PAN Y, I N C .
N E W YO R K • LO N DO N
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Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data
Names: Morling, Beth, author.
Title: Research methods in psychology : evaluating a world of information /
Beth Morling, University of Delaware.
Description: Third Edition. | New York : W. W. Norton & Company, [2017] |
Revised edition of the author’s Research methods in psychology, [2015] |
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Identifiers: LCCN 2017030401 | ISBN 9780393617542 (pbk.)
Subjects: LCSH: Psychology—Research—Methodology—Textbooks. | Psychology,
Experimental—Textbooks.
Classification: LCC BF76.5 .M667 2017 | DDC 150.72—dc23 LC
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Brief
Contents
PART I Introduction to Scientific Reasoning
CHAPTER 1 Psychology Is a Way of Thinking 5
CHAPTER 2 Sources of Information: Why Research Is Best and How to Find It 25
CHAPTER 3 Three Claims, Four Validities: Interrogation Tools for Consumers of Research 57
PART II Research Foundations for Any Claim
CHAPTER 4 Ethical Guidelines for Psychology Research 89
CHAPTER 5 Identifying Good Measurement 117
PART III Tools for Evaluating Frequency Claims
CHAPTER 6 Surveys and Observations: Describing What People Do 153
CHAPTER 7 Sampling: Estimating the Frequency of Behaviors and Beliefs 179
PART IV Tools for Evaluating Association Claims
CHAPTER 8 Bivariate Correlational Research 203
CHAPTER 9 Multivariate Correlational Research 237
PART V Tools for Evaluating Causal Claims
CHAPTER 10 Introduction to Simple Experiments 273
CHAPTER 11 More on Experiments: Confounding and Obscuring Variables 311
CHAPTER 12 Experiments with More Than One Independent Variable 351
PART VI Balancing Research Priorities
CHAPTER 13 Quasi-Experiments and Small-N Designs 389
CHAPTER 14 Replication, Generalization, and the Real World 425
Statistics Review Descriptive Statistics 457
Statistics Review Inferential Statistics 479
Presenting Results APA-Style Reports and Conference Posters 505
Appendix A Random Numbers and How to Use Them 545
Appendix B Statistical Tables 551
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About
the Author
BETH MORLING is Professor of Psychology at the University
of Delaware. She attended Carleton College in Northfield,
Minnesota, and received her Ph.D. from the University of
Massachusetts at Amherst. Before coming to Delaware, she
held positions at Union College (New York) and Muhlenberg
College (Pennsylvania). In addition to teaching research
methods at Delaware almost every semester, she also teaches
undergraduate cultural psychology, a seminar on the self-
concept, and a graduate course in the teaching of psychology.
Her research in the area of cultural psychology explores how
cultural practices shape people’s motivations. Dr. Morling has
been a Fulbright scholar in Kyoto, Japan, and was the Delaware
State Professor of the Year (2014), an award from the Council
for Advancement and Support of Education (CASE) and the
Carnegie Foundation for the Advancement of Teaching.
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