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Materials Horizons: From Nature to
Nanomaterials

Series Editor
Vijay Kumar Thakur
School of Aerospace, Transport and Manufacturing, Cranfield University,
Cranfield, UK

Materials are an indispensable part of human civilization since the

inception of life on earth. With the passage of time, innumerable new
materials have been explored as well as developed and the search for
new innovative materials continues briskly. Keeping in mind the
immense perspectives of various classes of materials, this series aims at
providing a comprehensive collection of works across the breadth of
materials research at cutting-edge interface of materials science with
physics, chemistry, biology and engineering.
This series covers a galaxy of materials ranging from natural
materials to nanomaterials. Some of the topics include but not limited
to: biological materials, biomimetic materials, ceramics, composites,
coatings, functional materials, glasses, inorganic materials, inorganic-
organic hybrids, metals, membranes, magnetic materials,
manufacturing of materials, nanomaterials, organic materials and
pigments to name a few. The series provides most timely and
comprehensive information on advanced synthesis, processing,
characterization, manufacturing and applications in a broad range of
interdisciplinary fields in science, engineering and technology.
This series accepts both authored and edited works, including
textbooks, monographs, reference works, and professional books. The
books in this series will provide a deep insight into the state-of-art of
Materials Horizons and serve students, academic, government and
industrial scientists involved in all aspects of materials research.
Review Process
The proposal for each volume is reviewed by the following:
1. Responsible (in-house) editor

2. One external subject expert

3. One of the editorial board members.

The chapters in each volume are individually reviewed single blind

by expert reviewers and the volume editor.
Editors
Kaustubha Mohanty, S. Saran, B. E. Kumara Swamy and S. C. Sharma

Graphene and its Derivatives (Volume

2)
Water/Wastewater Treatment and Other
Environmental Applications
Editors
Kaustubha Mohanty
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology
Guwahati, Guwahati, Assam, India

S. Saran
R&D and Production, Good Earth Chemicals Pvt. Ltd., Hospet,
Karnataka, India

B. E. Kumara Swamy
Department of Industrial Chemistry, Kuvempu University,
Shankaraghatta, Karnataka, India

S. C. Sharma
National Assessment and Accreditation Council (NAAC), Bengaluru,
Karnataka, India

ISSN 2524-5384 e-ISSN 2524-5392

Materials Horizons: From Nature to Nanomaterials
ISBN 978-981-99-4381-4 e-ISBN 978-981-99-4382-1
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-981-99-4382-1

© The Editor(s) (if applicable) and The Author(s), under exclusive

license to Springer Nature Singapore Pte Ltd. 2023

This work is subject to copyright. All rights are solely and exclusively
licensed by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is
concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of
illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in
any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and
retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or
dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed.
The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks,
service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the
absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the
relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general
use.

The publisher, the authors, and the editors are safe to assume that the
advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate
at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the
editors give a warranty, expressed or implied, with respect to the
material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have
been made. The publisher remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional
claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.

This Springer imprint is published by the registered company Springer

Nature Singapore Pte Ltd.
The registered company address is: 152 Beach Road, #21-01/04
Gateway East, Singapore 189721, Singapore
Preface
Graphene oxide is one of the highly explored materials in various
research areas such as environmental, energy, sensor, membrane, and
biomedical application due to their distinctive properties. This book is
aimed to detail the introduction and recent advancement in the
preparation and synthesis of graphene, graphene oxide, reduce
graphene oxide, and their composite materials. Also, it explains the
various characterization techniques which are used to study the
physical, chemical, optical, compositional, and morphological
characteristics of the prepared graphene materials for water,
wastewater, and environmental applications. This book written by
renowned authors explores the novelty and importance of graphene-
based materials in the field of water, wastewater, and environmental
application. Hence, this book may serve as an important source of
reference which provides in-depth information about the graphene-
based material for environmental application which is helpful for
undergraduate, postgraduate students, scholars, and scientists. We
hope that all the chapters covered in this book are able to explore the
interest of readers for generation of new ideas and knowledge
regarding graphene-based nanotechnologies.
We are extremely thankful to contributors of these book chapters
who provided their novel thoughts on graphene-based research
through this edited book. We are also highly thankful to Springer for
their continuous support and cooperation at every stage during the
production of the book.
Kaustubha Mohanty
S. Saran
B. E. Kumara Swamy
S. C. Sharma
Guwahati, India
Hospet, India
Shankaraghatta, India
Bengaluru, India
Contents
1 Insights into Graphene-Based Materials as an Adsorbent for
Wastewater Treatment
Komal Saini, Abhisek Sahoo and Thallada Bhaskar
2 Graphene and Its Composites for Water and Wastewater
Treatment
Thanigaivelan Arumugham, Abdul Hai, K. Rambabu, G. Bharath,
Shadi W. Hasan and Fawzi Banat
3 Graphene-Based Materials in Effective Remediation of
Wastewater
Ragavan Chandrasekar, Das Bedadeep, Tasrin Shahnaz,
Vishnu Priyan Varadharaj, Ajit Kumar, Harish Kumar Rajendran and
Selvaraju Narayanasamy
4 Graphene-Based Nanocomposite Solutions for Different
Environmental Problems
Preetha Ganguly, Rwiddhi Sarkhel, Sandipan Bhattacharya and
Papita Das
5 Application of Graphene, Graphene Oxide and Reduced
Graphene Oxide Based Composites for Removal of Chlorophenols
from Aqueous Media
Subhadeep Biswas, Ankurita Nath and Anjali Pal
6 Graphene Oxide and Its Derivatives as Additives in Polymeric
Membranes for Water Treatment Applications
Krishnamurthy Sainath and Akshay Modi
7 Harnessing of 2D Carbon-Based Heterostructures​as a
Photocatalyst Towards Wastewater Treatment
Sujoy Kumar Mandal, Sumit Mandal and Debnarayan Jana
8 Impact of Graphene Oxide Synthesis Method on Eosin-Y
Decolourization Activity of Graphene Oxide-TiO2 Nanocomposite
Under UV and LED Light
Reeti Kumar and Suparna Mukherji
9 Graphene Oxide Nanocomposites for the Removal of Antibiotics,
Pharmaceuticals and Other Chemical Waste from Water and
Wastewater
Karan Chaudhary and Dhanraj T. Masram
10 Graphene and Its Derivatives Based Membranes for Application
Towards Desalination
Satadru Chakrabarty, Anshul Rasyotra, Anupma Thakur and
Kabeer Jasuja
11 Graphene Nanoparticles and Their Derivatives for Oil Spill
Treatment
Rupali Gautam, Abhisek Sahoo, Kamal K. Pant and
Kaustubha Mohanty
About the Editors
Prof. Kaustubha Mohanty has obtained his Ph.D. degree in Chemical
Engineering from Indian Institute Technology Kharagpur and is
currently working as Professor and Head of Chemical Engineering
department at Indian Institute Technology Guwahati. He had two
postdoctoral stints at Ben-Gurion University, Israel, and McMaster
University, Canada. His key research areas are biofuels, biological
wastewater treatment, membrane technology, microalgae biorefinery,
and biomass pyrolysis. He has published more than 190 research
papers in peer-reviewed journals and edited few books. He has
developed an advanced microalgal biorefinery model that integrates
wastewater treatment and high-value biofuel production. He has
worked extensively on catalytic and non-catalytic pyrolysis of
lignocellulosic biomass that had resulted in sustainable bio-oil
production under the circular bioeconomy approach. He is Chief Editor
of Journal of Chemistry; Associate Editor of The Journal of Institution of
Engineers (India) Series: E; Associate Editor of Research Journal of
Environmental Sciences; Editorial Board Member of Renewable Energy
(Elsevier) and Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery (Springer). He is
Fellow of Royal Society of Chemistry, UK, Fellow of Institution of
Engineers (India), and Fellow of Indian Institute of Chemical Engineers.
He is Recipient of Distinguished Alumni Award 2022 from RIT,
Bangalore (Formerly MSRIT).

Dr. S. Saran has obtained his Ph.D. degree in Ecology and

Environmental Sciences from Pondicherry University and is currently
working as Assistant General Manager, Research and Development
department at Good Earth Chemicals Pvt. Ltd., Hospet, Karnataka.
Previously, he was worked as Principal Project Associate at the NEERI
in mercury remediation from contaminated soil project and
Institutional Postdoctoral Fellow (IPDF) at Centre for the Environment,
Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India, focused on green
synthesis and characterization of metal nanocomposite for catalytic and
photocatalytic applications. His key research areas are photocatalysis,
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