Motion in a Straight Line

Motion in a Straight Line Saurav Sir

Chapter 2 (Physics)
Exe
1. A body travels from A to B at 40 ms and from B to A at 60 ms–1. Calculate the average speed
–1

and average velocity.

2. On a 60 km track, a train travels the first 30 km with a uniform speed of 30 km h–1. How fast must
the train travel the next 30 km so as to average 40 km h–1 for the entire trip?
3. A body travels the first half of the total distance with velocity v1 and the second half with velocity
v2. Calculate the average velocity.
4. A train moves with a speed of 30 km h–1 in the first 15 minutes, with another speed of 40 kmh–1
the next 15 minutes, and then with a speed of 60 km h–1 in the last 30 minutes. Calculate the
average speed of the train of this journey.
5. The displacement (in metre) of a particle moving along x-axis is given by x =18t + 5t2. Calculate:
(i) the instantaneous velocity at t = 2s.
(ii) average velocity between t = 2s and t = 3s,
(iii) instantaneous acceleration.
6. The displacement x of a particle varies with time t as x = 4t2 – 15t + 25.
Find the position, velocity and acceleration of the particle at t = 0. When will the velocity of the
particle become zero?
7. The distance x of a particle moving in one dimension, under the action of a constant force is
related to time t by the equation, t = x + 3, where x is in metres and t in second. Find the
displacement of the particle when its velocity is zero.
8. A jet plane starts from rest with an acceleration of 3 ms–2 and makes a run for 35 s before taking
off. What is the minimum length of the runway and what is the velocity of the jet at take off?
9. On a foggy day two drivers spot each other when they are just 80 metres apart. They are travelling
at 72 km h–1 and 60 km h–1, respectively. Both of them applied brakes retarding their cars at the
rate of 5 ms–2. Determine whether they avert collision or not.
10. A body covers 12 m in 2nd second and 20 m in 4th second. How much distance will it cover in 4
seconds after the 5th second?
11. A body covers a distance of 20 m in the 7th second and 24 m in the 9th second. How much shall
it cover in 15th s?
12. An object is moving with uniform acceleration. Its velocity after 5 seconds is 25 ms–1 and after 8
seconds, its is 34 ms–1. Find the distance travelled by the object in 12th second.
13. A ball thrown vertically upwards with a speed of 19.6 ms–1 from the top of a tower returns to the
earth in 6s. Find the height of the tower.
14. A ball is thrown vertically upwards with a velocity of 20 ms–1 from the top of a multistoried
building. The height of the point from where the ball is thrown is 25 m from the ground.
(i) How high will the ball rise?
(ii) How long will it be before the ball hits the ground?
15. A balloon is ascending at the rate of 9.8 ms–1 at the height of 39.2 m above the ground when a
food packet is dropped from the balloon. After how much time and with what velocity does it
reach the ground? Take g = 9.8 ms–2.
16. A stone falls from a cliff and travels 24.5 m in the last second before it reaches the ground at the
foot of the cliff. Find the height of the cliff.
17. From the top of a tower 100 m in height a ball is dropped and at the same time another ball is
projected vertically upwards from the ground with velocity 25 ms–1. Find when and where the
two balls will meet. Take g = 9.8 ms–2.
Physics 1 Prepared by: Saurav Sir
Motion in a Straight Line Saurav Sir

18. A body starting from rest accelerates uniformly along a straight line at the rate of 10 ms–2 for 5
seconds. It moves for 2 seconds with uniform velocity of 50 ms–1. Then it retards uniformly and
comes to rest in 3 s. Draw velocity-time graph of the body and find the total distance travelled by
the body.
19. The velocity-time graph of an object moving along a straight line is as shown in Fig. Find the net
distance covered by the object in time interval between t = 0 to t = 10 s. Also find the displacement
in time 0 to 10s.

20. Can the speed of a body be negative?

21. Can a body have a constant speed and still have a varying velocity?
22. A car moving along a straight line highway with speed of 126 km h–1 is brought to a stop within
a distance of 200 m. What is the retardation of the car (assumed uniform), and how long does it
take for the car to stop?
23. What is the numerical ratio of velocity to speed of an object
24. The v-t graphs of two objects make angles of 30° and 60° with the time-axis. Find the ratio of
their accelerations.
25. What is the nature of position-time graph for a uniform motion?
26. What does the slope of position-time graph indicate?
27. What is the nature of velocity-time graph for uniform motion?
28. The position coordinate of a moving particle is given by x = 6 + 18t + 9t2 (x in meters and
t in seconds). What is its velocity at t = 2 sec?
29. A Player throws a ball upwards with an initial speed of 29.4 ms–1. What are the velocity and
acceleration of the ball at the highest point of its motion?
30. What does the slope of velocity-time graph represent?
31. What does the area under velocity-time graph represent?
32. Use integration technique to prove that the distance travelled in nth second,
a
snth = u  (2n – 1)
2
33. Derive the three kinematic equations for uniformly accelerated motion graphically.
34. Derive the relation graphically.
1
s = ut  at 2
2
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Motion in a Straight Line Saurav Sir

where symbols have their usual meanings.

35. Using velocity-time graph, prove that
v2 – u2 = 2as
where symbols have their usual meanings.

Multiple Choice Questions

36. A car covers form A to B at a speed of 20 km/h and returns at a speed of 30 km/h. The average
speed of the car for the whole journey is
(a) 5 km/h (b) 24 km/h (c) 25 km/h (d) 50 km/h
37. With the usual notations, the following equations
1
snth = u  a(2t – 1) is
2
(a) only numerically correct
(b) only dimensionally correct
(c) both numerically and dimensionally correct
(d) neither numerically nor dimensionally correct
38. The displacement of a body is given to be proportional to the cube of time elapsed. The magnitude
of the acceleration of the body is
(a) increasing with time (b) decreasing with time
(c) constant but not zero (d) zero
39. A car covers the first half of the distance between two places at 40 km/h and another half at 60
km/h. The average speed of the car is
(a) 40 km/h (b) 48 km/h (c) 50 km/h (d) 60 km/h
40. A particle covers half of its total distance with speed v1 and the rest half distance with speed v2.
Its average speed during the complete journey is
v 2v 2 v v vv 2v1v2
(a) 2 1 2 2 (b) 1 2 (c) 1 2 (d)
v1  v2 2 v1  v2 v1  v2
41. The position x of a particle varies with time t as x = at2 – bt3. The acceleration will be zero at time
t equal to
a 2a a
(a) (b) zero (c) (d)
3b 3b b
42. A particle moves along a straight line such that its displacement at any time t is given by
s = (t3 – 6t2 + 3t + 4) metres. The velocity when the acceleration is zero, is
(a) 3 m/s (b) 42 m/s (c) –9 m/s (d) –15 m/s
43. A particle starts its motion from rest under the action of a constant force. If the distance covered
in first 10 seconds is S1 and that covered in the first 20 seconds is S2, then
(a) S2 = S1 (b) S2 = 2S1 (c) S2 = 3S1 (d) S2 = 4S1
44. What will be the ratio of the distance moved by a freely falling body from rest in 4th and 5th
seconds of journey?
(a) 4 : 5 (b) 7 : 9 (c) 16 : 25 (d) 1 : 1
45. Two bodies A (of mass 1 kg) and B (of mass 3 kg) are dropped from heights of 16 m and 25 m,
respectively. The ratio of the times taken by them to reach the ground is
(a) 4/5 (b) 5/4 (c) 12/5 (d) 5/12

Physics 3 Prepared by: Saurav Sir

Motion in a Straight Line Saurav Sir

ANSWERS
1. Average Speed = 48 ms–1 and Average Velocity = 0
2. v = 60 km h–1.
 2v v 
3.  1 2 
 v1  v2 
4. 47.5 km h–1.
5. (i) 38 ms–1. (ii) 43 ms–1 (iii) 10 ms–2
6. x = 25 m, v = –15 ms–1, a = 8 ms–2 and t = 1.875
7. Displacement = 0
8. s = 1837.5 m and v = 105 ms–1.
9. Collision will be averted.
10. 136 m
11. 36 m
12. 44.5 m
13. 58.8 m
14. (i) h = + 20 m (ii) t = 5 s
–1
15. t = 4 s and v = –29.4 ms
16. 44.1 m
17. 78.4 m from top, 4 s
18. 300 m
19. 100 m, 60 m
20. No, because the speed of an object is the distance travelled per unit time and distance is never
negative.
21. Yes, a particle in uniform circular motion has a constant speed but varying velocity because of
the change in its direction of motion at every point.
22. a = –3.06 ms–2 and t = 11.43 s

Physics 4 Prepared by: Saurav Sir