Literature Evaluation Table

Learner Name:
PICOT:

In African American adults aged 30 - 65 with diagnosed hypertension (P), does the implementation of a home-based digital monitoring plan that uses a smartwatch (I), compared to standard care (C), impact blood pressure
management (O) over 12 weeks (T)?

Author, Journal Article Title Research Design Setting/Sample Methods: Analysis/Data Outcomes/Key Recommendations Explanation of How the
(Peer- and Year Questions/ (Quantitative, Intervention/ Collection Findings Article Supports Your
Reviewed), and Published Hypothesis, Qualitative, or Instruments Proposed EBP Practice
Permalink or and other) Project Proposal
Working Link Purpose/Aim
to Access Article of Study

https://doi.org/ Lauffenburger, The Quantitative The study was The study The study will No outcome Focus also on This study underscores the
10.1016/ J. C., Khatib, multicomponent set in 24 utilizes evaluate and results are yet unintended power of integrating health
j.ahj.2022.10.003 R., Siddiqi, A., behaviorally- facilities Reducing compare means reported. Results consequences, such information technology
Albert, M. A., informed EHR- associate with Ethnic and and frequencies are anticipated as potential EHR (HIT) into practice. It
Keller, P. A., based Advocate racial of pre- soon after the overload or supports my study, which
Samal, L., intervention will Aurora Health Disparities by randomized study concludes. provider alert seeks to evaluate a similar
Glowacki, N., show significant (AAH). AAH improving variables for the fatigue. idea when managing
Everett, M.E., results on blood operates in Undertreatment, intervention and hypertension. It directly
Hanken, K., pressure control Wisconsin and Control, and control groups. explores the question of
Lee, S.G., & among the Illinois. Engagement in They will also racial and ethnic disparities
Choudhry, N. victims. Blood Pressure be compared to in blood pressure
K. (2023). The sample management standardized management and shows
Reducing involved over with health values. HIT can be used to enhance
ethnic and 350 primary care information outcomes.
racial providers and technology
disparities by over ten (REDUCE-BP). This article provides a great
improving thousand theoretical foundation for
undertreatment, patients across The program my PICOT study. It will
control, and the 24 clinics. used various guide the intervention’s
engagement in EHR tools design and its integration
blood pressure during various into routine practice.
management stages of the
with health patient's care.
One was a
© 2025. Grand Canyon University. All Rights Reserved.
 information dashboard of all
technology patients, which
(REDUCE-BP) showed pressure
hybrid control and the
effectiveness- ethnicity and
implementation race of the
pragmatic trial: individual
Rationale and against other
design. Americ races. Another
an Heart component was
Journal, 255, an individual
12-21. patient's chart
that offered
more
information on
managing
pressure at
home, patient
education and a
decision support
tool.

https://doi.org/ McManus, R. To investigate Quantitative The study was The intervention Data analysis After a year in For this study, I This study shows that
10.1136/ J., Little, P., the set in the United used a involved the program, the recommend that digital and self-management
bmj.m4858 Stuart, B., effectiveness of Kingdom, where randomized looking at intervention digital self- interventions can effectively
Morton, K., the HOME BP 76 general approach, using systolic blood group's systolic monitoring tools lower blood pressure and be
Raftery, J., (a digital practice clinics a minimization pressure within BP dropped with feedback and cost-effective. Its findings
Kelly, J., intervention) in involved in algorithm. the 2 months of from motivational align with the PICOT’s aim
Bradbury, K., hypertension caring for Patients were the program. approximately support be of enhancing BP control via
Zhang, J., Zhu, management in hypertensive placed in the 151.7 to 138.4 integrated into smartwatch-enabled
S., Murray, E., primary care patients were digital Additionally, mm Hg while primary care monitoring and education. It
& Yardley, L. settings. selected. It intervention or the Medication the usual care workflows. It reinforces that the
(2021). Home involved 622 usual care Adherence group dropped should also ensure intervention is feasible.
and Online participants groups Rating Scale from ~151.6 to inclusion strategies Therefore, it supports the
Management living with randomly. questionnaire 141.8 mm Hg. for patients who idea that my current study is
and Evaluation ineffectively was used to look The mean may be digitally effective. It also shows that
of Blood controlled and at secondary systolic BP excluded to I should emphasize the
Pressure treated outcomes of difference promote equity. usability of these
(HOME BP) condition. quality of life. between groups technological tools to
using a digital was 3.4 mm Hg. enhance their effectiveness.
intervention in
poorly It showed the
controlled HOME BP
hypertension: digital
Randomized intervention was
controlled effective in
controlling
 trial. Bmj, 372. systolic
pressure. It was
more effective
than usual care
practices.

https://doi.org/ Teng, T. Q., The study Quantitative The study There were two It performed Self- I suggest deploying This study, although it does
10.1186/s12916- Sun, G. X., Yu, sought to employed the instruments: the univariate, management digital self- not use telemonitoring (it
025-04278-6 Z. Y., Liu, Z. understand the consecutive modified self- bivariate, and interventions management tools uses home visits), shows
S., Wang, T., difference sampling care multivariate offered a great within pilot that self-management is
Wu, Q., Qin, between self- technique. In the questionnaire analyses. This solution for programs before possible for hypertensive
R.R., Wang, monitoring and whole study, a and the Short meant that the hypertensive scaling up. patients. It shows that data-
M.M., Chen, remote total of 134 Form 12 Health study presented patients. It driven feedback and
R., Xu, J.C., & monitoring and elderly people Survey (SF12). the first batch of showed that personal instruction can
Yu, H. C. compare it to divided equally They were results as home visits were improve outcomes. Their
(2025). usual care for across the employed pre- frequency and effective in RCT findings show
Efficiency of hypotensive intervention and and post the percentages, and ensuring these measurable BP reductions
remote patients. control groups program to offer the second patients and enhanced adherence,
monitoring and were selected. the results. analysis achieved greater which directly support the
guidance in During the (bivariate) used results in smartwatch and home-based
blood pressure study, the the dependent t- managing their monitoring plan.
management: participants test, the condition.
A randomized received self- independent t- It offers a foundation for my
controlled trial: management test, and the study to show that my
The role of education and MANCOVA intervention can succeed.
remote had home visits. test for the Although it does not
monitoring in multivariate exclusively use digital
improving analysis. approaches, it shows that
hypertension digital solutions are
management. effective.
BMC
Medicine, 23(1
), 459.

https://doi.org/ Putri, S. E., To determine Quantitative The study was The intervention The analysis This study I recommend that This study supports my
10.4081/ Rekawati, E., the conducted in was conducted involved showed that the comparison study by reinforcing the
jphr.2021.2406 & Wati, D. N. effectiveness of Qingdao, China, across three looking at telemonitoring is offer a more understanding that remote
K. (2021). self- from December groups: remote systolic BP at a useful detailed or telemonitoring can
Effectiveness management on 2020 to monitoring, 24 months. intervention to comparison of self- improve adherence and
of self- adherence to December 2021. self-monitoring, Statistical manage care and health status. While the
management self-care and It involved those or usual care. It analysis using hypertension. telemonitoring. It demographic differs from
on adherence management of diagnosed with sought to SPSS of the The patients could be on factors the PICOT population, the
to self-care and the health status primary highlight the pressure values using remote such as medication findings strongly support
on health status of elderly hypertension difference in for the three monitoring had adherence and how the role of self-management
among elderly people living from five systolic blood groups was the significantly it affects the in achieving better BP
people with with hospitals. pressure across primary tool to lower systolic patients. control.
 hypertension. J hypertension in the three understand the and diastolic As my study focuses on a
ournal of Pekanbaru City. groups. effectiveness. BPs. Those similar issue, the study will
Public Health The analysis using self- provide a foundation for
Research, 10(1 used standard management what can be applied in my
_suppl), jphr- deviation, were worse study. More importantly, it
2021. ANOVA, chi- across the three compares self-management
square, and groups. and telemonitoring,
Fisher's exact something which can
test. inform my interventions
that combine the two
interventions. These
insights will guide how I
can integrate my program
well into my chosen
population of elderly
people.

https://doi.org/ Hassan, S., It sought to Quantitative The study In the study, the Data analysis Across the four Highlight the In this study, the researchers
10.1161/ Blood, A. J., assess the long- focused on the researchers’ used statistical groups involved importance of show that remote
HYPERTENSIO Zelle, D., term effects of cardiovascular main analysis. in this study, maintaining remote hypertension interventions,
NAHA.124.2447 Kumar, S., the remote risk factors in intervention was there was an support for including continuous
5 Wagholikar, hypertension hypertensive a program In this case, a improvement in hypertension monitoring and digital
K., Gabovitch, management people. The aimed at linear mixed- BP numbers. control over the feedback, can lead to
D., Cannon, program. sample of managing effects However, the long term. sustained reductions in
C.P., Fisher, participants hypertension regression main group blood pressure over time.
N., & Scirica, chosen was 3601 remotely. It model analyzed (maintenance The findings align closely
B. M. (2025). people whose encompassed data. group) had with the PICOT study by
The long-term data were two elements, significantly supporting the use of
blood pressure extracted from monitored home higher numbers, wearable devices and home-
trends the EHR and BP and titrated particularly based digital monitoring to
following a analyzed. medications per against the early improve hypertension
remote algorithm. exit group. management. It reinforces
hypertension the understanding that
Intervention: a It showed the technology is effective in
secondary remote modern healthcare. I will
analysis of the monitoring use it as a foundation and
Digital Care program was expand the findings to show
Transformation effective and that the interventions can be
-Remotely helped maintain spread into African-
Delivered the goal BP American communities to
Hypertension numbers. address their unique issues.
Management
Program. Hype Using this study, I will be
rtension, 82(4), able to offer interventions
733-742. that last and offer equal
health access solutions to
help various races and
 ethnicities.

https://doi.org/ Muldoon, M. To understand Quantitative The study was The intervention The study used This pilot study I suggest they The two studies offer an
10.1038/s41371- F., Einhorn, J., whether MyBP conducted in this study descriptive found that the expand their exploration into how to
021-00574-9 Yabes, J. G., (digital across several involved the statistics to program MyBP evaluation areas to address hypertension
Burton, D., intervention) is community participants analyze the data could enhance provide a more management through digital
Irizarry, T., effective in facilities across receiving collected. I hypertension detailed picture of interventions. Their findings
Basse, J., telemonitoring the city of instructions and calculated the self-efficacy. It digital self- align closely with the
Forman, D.E., hypertension Pittsburgh. It demonstrations standard showed that management tools. PICOT project’s
Rollman, B.L., symptoms only focused on on how to deviation and features such as This detailed smartwatch and home-based
Burke, L.E., those with high utilize the tool percentages to close outlook could offer plan by showing that digital
Kamarck, pressure (over MyBP. The assess monitoring, a picture of how to platforms can successfully
T.W., & 150 mm Hg) and program used engagement ongoing patient scale up the engage patients in self-
Suffoletto, B. those over 55 an automated with the education and program as it monitoring and treatment
P. (2022). years old. bi-directional program. Linear feedback anticipates more adherence. It will provide a
Randomized SMS system, regression improve self- challenges in the great foundation for how I
feasibility trial where offered answers management of real-world settings. conduct my PICOT study
of a digital participants regarding MyBP the condition. on the elderly African-
intervention for were prompted program’s American population. It will
hypertension to take a BP results. offer outlooks on areas such
self- reading and to as racial and ethnic
management. J text it back. disparities, improved BP
ournal of control, and patient
Human engagement. Through the
Hypertension, study, I can show that
36(8), 718-725. digital solutions are feasible
and applicable, and thus,
my solution of integrating
wearable technology into
standard care models for
African American adults
with hypertension can lead
to better results.
 References
Hassan, S., Blood, A. J., Zelle, D., Kumar, S., Wagholikar, K., Gabovitch, D., Cannon, C.P., Fisher, N., & Scirica, B. M. (2025). The long-term blood pressure trends following a remote hypertension intervention: A

secondary analysis of the Digital Care Transformation-Remotely Delivered Hypertension Management Program. Hypertension, 82(4), 733-742. https://doi.org/10.1161/HYPERTENSIONAHA.124.24475

Lauffenburger, J. C., Khatib, R., Siddiqi, A., Albert, M. A., Keller, P. A., Samal, L., Glowacki, N., Everett, M.E., Hanken, K., Lee, S.G., & Choudhry, N. K. (2023). Reducing ethnic and racial disparities by improving

undertreatment, control, and engagement in blood pressure management with health information technology (REDUCE-BP) hybrid effectiveness-implementation pragmatic trial: Rationale and design. American Heart

Journal, 255, 12-21. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ahj.2022.10.003

McManus, R. J., Little, P., Stuart, B., Morton, K., Raftery, J., Kelly, J., Bradbury, K., Zhang, J., Zhu, S., Murray, E., & Yardley, L. (2021). Home and Online Management and Evaluation of Blood Pressure (HOME BP) using

a digital intervention in poorly controlled hypertension: Randomized controlled trial. Bmj, 372. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.m4858

Muldoon, M. F., Einhorn, J., Yabes, J. G., Burton, D., Irizarry, T., Basse, J., Forman, D.E., Rollman, B.L., Burke, L.E., Kamarck, T.W., & Suffoletto, B. P. (2022). Randomized feasibility trial of a digital intervention for

hypertension self-management. Journal of Human Hypertension, 36(8), 718-725. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41371-021-00574-9

Putri, S. E., Rekawati, E., & Wati, D. N. K. (2021). Effectiveness of self-management on adherence to self-care and on health status among elderly people with hypertension. Journal of Public Health Research, 10(1_suppl),

jphr-2021. https://doi.org/10.4081/jphr.2021.2406

Teng, T. Q., Sun, G. X., Yu, Z. Y., Liu, Z. S., Wang, T., Wu, Q., Qin, R.R., Wang, M.M., Chen, R., Xu, J.C., & Yu, H. C. (2025). Efficiency of remote monitoring and guidance in blood pressure management: A randomized

controlled trial: The role of remote monitoring in improving hypertension management. BMC Medicine, 23(1), 459. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-025-04278-6