YBM (한) 3과 완전정복

2학년 2021년 2학기 기말고사 서울 OO구_OO고등학교

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Do you think you would be happy being a child prodigy, someone who is truly gifted in something at a very
young age? Maybe you would, and maybe you wouldn’t.
(A)
One is simply to track the achievements of precocious kids. There is a mid-1980s study of adults who attended
New York City’s highly regarded Hunter College Elementary School, which was founded in the 1920s as a training
ground for America’s future intellectual elite and only admitted children with an IQ of 155 or above. Yet the fate
of the Hunter College child geniuses in the study was not greatness; it was simply being okay.
(B)
However, we live in a society that generally accepts the idea that giftedness leads to success, and success guarantees
a life full of happiness. Does giftedness guarantee future success? There are two ways to answer this question.
(C)
Thirty years down the road, the Hunter graduates were all doing pretty well and were reasonably well adjusted
and happy. Most of them had good jobs and many had advanced degrees. But surprisingly, none of the Hun-
ter graduates became CEOs of world-famous corporations, prominent politicians, well-known writers, or Nobel
Prize winners; there were no people who were nationally known in their fields. They were genius kids, but they
were not genius adults.

1. 위 글의 내용으로 일치하지 않는 것은?

① The conventional wisdom is that gifted children grow up to be successful grown-ups.

② The writer suggests two ways to explain whether child prodigies live a successful life in the future.
③ Not all children were admitted to Hunter college Elementary School.
④ Hunter College Elementary graduates showed lower than average levels of achievement as adults.
⑤ The example in the passage indicates that early precocity may not be a critical factor for highly successful adulthood.

2. 위 글을 읽고 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 위 글에서 찾아 쓰시오.

Tracking the ____________________ of Hunter College Elementary School graduates was quite surprising in that it revealed
the fact that being ____________________ at an early age does not necessarily lead to becoming ________________ figures as
grownups.

3. 위 글의 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) ③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

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 v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.

Early acquisition of skills-which is often what we mean by precocity — may be a misleading indicator of later
success. When we call a child precocious, we have a very inaccurate definition of what we mean.
(A)
For example, when we say that a great musician is naturally gifted, does that tell us that he or she practices
a lot, wants to practice a lot, or likes to practice a lot?
(B)
Generally, what we mean is that a person has an unusual level of intellectual or physical ability for his or her age.
Adult success has a lot to do with more than ⓐ that.
(C)
In our obsession with precocity, we are exaggerating the importance of being talented. Rather, deliberate prac-
tice toward a goal is much more important than natural-born ability.

4. 위 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) ③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

5. 위 글의 밑줄 친 ⓐ가 가리키는 것을 우리말로 서술하시오.

6. 다음 글의 (A),(B),(C)의 각 [ ]안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은?

There are two ways to answer this question. One is simply to track the achievements of (A) [ precarious/gifted]
kids. There is a mid-1980s study of adults who attended New York City’s highly regarded Hunter College
Elementary School, which was founded in the 1920s as a training ground for America’s future (B)
[intelligible/intellectual] elite and only admitted children with an IQ of 155 or above. Yet the fate of the Hunter
College child geniuses in the study was not greatness; it was simply being okay. Thirty years down the road, the
Hunter graduates were all doing pretty well and were reasonably well adjusted and happy. Most of them had good
jobs and many had advanced degrees. But surprisingly, none of the Hunter graduates became CEOs of
world-famous corporations, (C) [eminent/imminent] politicians, well-known writers, or Nobel Prize winners; there
were no people who were nationally known in their fields. They were genius kids, but they were not genius
adults.

(A) (B) (C)

① gifted intellectual eminent
② gifted intelligible imminent
③ precarious intellectual imminent
④ precarious intellectual eminent
⑤ precarious intelligible imminent

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7. 다음 빈칸(A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Early acquisition of skills — which is often what we mean by precocity — may be a misleading indicator of later
success. When we call a child precocious, we have a very inaccurate definition of what we mean. Generally,
what we mean is that a person has an unusual level of intellectual or physical ability for his or her age. Adult
success has a lot to do with more than that. In our obsession with precocity, we are exaggerating the importance
of being talented. Rather, (A) __________ practice toward a goal is much more important than (B) __________ ability.
For example, when we say that a great musician is naturally gifted, does that tell us that he or she practices a
lot, wants to practice a lot, or likes to practice a lot?

(A) (B)
① deliberate acquired
② strenuous innate
③ negligent inborn
④ diligent learned
⑤ superficial natural-born

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Another way to look at precocity is to work backwards—to look at adult geniuses and see what they were
like as kids. (①) A number of studies have taken (A) this approach, and they found a similar pattern. (②)
A study of 200 highly accomplished adults found that just 34 percent had been considered precocious as children.
(③) There is also a long list of historical geniuses who were quite ordinary as children; the list includes Copernicus
, Rembrandt, Bach, Newton, Beethoven, Kant, and Leonardo da Vinci. (④) None of these geniuses would have made
it into Hunter College Elementary School. (⑤) The benefits of earlier mastery are often overestimated. There are
many people who either started out good and went bad or started bad and ended up good.

8. 위 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 알맞은 곳은?

As you can see from these studies, precocity is a trickier subject than people may ordinarily think.

9. 위 글의 (A)가 가리키는 것을 우리말로 서술하시오

___________________________________________________________

10. 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

Early acquisition of skills — which is often what we mean by precocity — may hardly be _________________.
When we call a child precocious, we have a very inaccurate definition of what we mean. Generally, what we
mean is that a person has an unusual level of intellectual or physical ability for his or her age. Adult success
has a lot to do with more than that. In our obsession with precocity, we are exaggerating the importance of
being talented. Rather, deliberate practice toward a goal is much more important than natural-born ability.
For example, when we say that a great musician is naturally gifted, does that tell us that he or she practices
a lot, wants to practice a lot, or likes to practice a lot?

① a misleading indicator of later success

② an accurate measurement for intellectual ability
③ a guarantee for success in adulthood
④ a crucial determinant of emotional happiness
⑤ a hidden trap people easily fall into

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11. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것의 개수는?

Do you think you would be happy being a child prodigy, someone truly gifted in something at a very young
age? Maybe you would, and maybe you wouldn’t. However, we live in a society that generally accepts the idea
which giftedness leads to success, which guarantees a life full of happiness. Does giftedness guarantee
future success? There are two ways to answer this question. One is simply to track the achievements of
precocious kids. There is a mid-1980s study of adults who attended at New York City’s highly regarded Hunter
College Elementary School, which was founded in the 1920s as a training ground for America’s future
intellectual elite, only admitting children with an IQ of 155 or above. Yet the fate of the Hunter College child
geniuses in the study was not greatness; it was simply being okay. Thirty years down the road, the Hunter
graduates were all doing pretty well and were reasonable well adjusted and happy. Most of them had good jobs
and many had advanced degrees.

① 2개 ② 3개 ③ 4개 ④ 5개 ⑤ 6개

12. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

Another way to look at precocity is to work in ① adverse—to look at adult geniuses and see what they were
like as kids. A number of studies have taken this approach, and they found an ② analogous pattern. A study
of 200 highly accomplished adults found that just 34 percent had been considered precocious as children. There
is also a long list of ③ historical geniuses who were quite ④ average as children;the list includes
Copernicus, Rembrandt, Bach, Newton, Beethoven, Kant, and Leonardo da Vinci. None of these geniuses would
have made it into Hunter College Elementary School. As you can see from these studies, precocity is a trickier
subject than people may ordinarily think. The benefits of earlier mastery are often ⑤ exaggerated There are
many people who either started out good and went bad or started bad and ended up good.

13. 다음 대화의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

A: Which do you think is a more effective way to keep people from being late for meetings? With a carrot or
with a stick? A carrot is praise and reward. A stick is punishment.
B: I’m sure that punishment works better. People will always try to avoid punishments or dangerous situations.
A: I think that works sometimes. ____ After getting rid of the punishment, they will be late for meetings again.
B: Well, the same things happen with reward.
A: You’re right. Neither is perfect.

① But it won’t work for a long time.

② However, it’s difficult to avoid punishment.
③ I think it’s the perfect way to motivate people.
④ The effect of punishment takes longer than you think.
⑤ Being on time is very important in the workplace.

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Does giftedness guarantee future success? There are two ways to answer this question. (①) One is simply to
track the achievements of precocious kids. (②) There is a mid-1980s study of adults who attended New York
City’s highly regarded Hunter College Elementary School, which was founded in the 1920s as a training ground
for America’s future intellectual elite and only admitted children with an IQ of 155 or above. (③) Thirty years
down the road, the Hunter graduates were all doing pretty well and were reasonably well adjusted and happy.
(④) Most of them had good jobs and many had advanced degrees. (⑤) But surprisingly, none of the Hunter
graduates became CEOs of world-famous corporations, prominent politicians, well-known writers, or Nobel
Prize winners; there were no people who were nationally known in their fields. They were genius kids, but they
were not genius adults.

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14. 위 글의 내용으로 일치하는 것은?

① Being gifted as a child truly leads to a life full of happiness.

② Hunter College Elementary School was founded on an aim to train average children to become America’s future
intellectual elite.
③ The study tracked the Hunter graduates to determine the level of their success after 30 years.
④ None of the Hunter graduates were found to be living a good life.
⑤ Only a small portion of the Hunter graduates turned out to have outstanding achievement as adults.

15. 위 글의 제목으로 가장 알맞은 것은?

① The Positive Effects of Early Gifted Education

② Bright Children Growing up to be High Achievers
③ Importance of Identifying Child Prodigies
④ A Total Failure of a Special Education School
⑤ Giftedness Leading to Future Success: Not Necessarily So.

16. 위 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 알맞은 곳은?

Yet the fate of the Hunter College child geniuses in the study was not greatness; it was simply being okay.

17. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중 어법상 틀린 것이 있는 것을 3개 찾아 고치시오.

Another way to look at precocity is to work backwards—to look at adult geniuses and ⓐ see how they were like
as kids. ⓑ The number of studies have taken this approach, and they found a similar pattern. A study of 200
ⓒ highly accomplished adults found that ⓓ just 34 percent had been considered precocious as children. There is
also a long list of historical geniuses who were quite ordinary as children;the list includes Copernicus,Rembrandt,
Bach, Newton, Beethoven, Kant, and Leonardo da Vinci. None of these geniuses would have made it into
Hunter College Elementary School. As you can see from these studies, ⓔ precocity is a tricky subject than people
may ordinarily think. The benefits of earlier mastery are often overestimated. There are many people who ⓕ
either started out good and went bad or started bad and ended up good.

18. 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중, 어법상 틀린 것 2개를 찾아 올바르게 고치시오.

Early acquisition of skills — ① which is often what we mean by precocity — may be a misleading indicator of
later success. When we call a child precocious, ② we have a very inaccurate definition of which we mean.
Generally, ③ what we mean is that a person has an unusual level of intellectual or physical ability for his or her
age. Adult success has a lot to do with more than that. In our obsession with precocity, ④ we are exaggerating
the importance of being talented. Rather, deliberate practice toward a goal is much more important than natural-
born ability. For example, ⑤ when we say that a great musician is naturally gifted, does that tell us what he or
she practices a lot, wants to practice a lot, or likes to practice a lot?

⇒ ( ) →

( ) →

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v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Do you think you would be happy being a child prodigy, someone who is truly gifted in something at a very
young age? Maybe you would, and maybe you wouldn’t. (A)_____________, we live in a society that generally
accepts the idea that giftedness leads to success, and success guarantees a life full of happiness. Does
giftedness guarantee future success? There are two ways to answer this question. One is simply to track
the achievements of precocious kids. There is a mid-1980s study of adults who attended New York City’s
highly regarded Hunter College Elementary School, which was founded in the 1920s as a training ground
for America’s future intellectual elite and only admitted children with an IQ of 155 or above. (B) ___________ the
fate of the Hunter College child geniuses in the study was not greatness; it was simply being okay. Thirty years
down the road, the Hunter graduates were all doing pretty well and were reasonably well adjusted and happy. Most
of them had good jobs and many had advanced degrees. But surprisingly, none of the Hunter graduates became
CEOs of world-famous corporations, prominent politicians, well-known writers, or Nobel Prize winners; there were
no people who were nationally known in their fields. They were genius kids, but they were not genius adults.

19. 다음 빈칸 (A)/(B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

(A) (B)
① Yet However
② That is In addition
③ However Therefore
④ For example On the contrary
⑤ Still In short

20. 다음 영영사전 뜻풀이에 해당되는 단어들을 찾아 쓰시오.

1) To investigate something or someone so as to find out more about them --> _____________________
2) The state of being mature and able to control and deal with problems without being anxious
--> __________ ____________

21. 다음은 위 글의 제목이다. 빈칸에 각각의 철자로 시작하는 말을 쓰시오.

M________ and M______________ of C_________ P_________

22. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것 2개를 골라 고치시오.

As ⓐ seen from studies of precocity, a precocious child may not become a talented adult. Furthermore, a
talented adult ⓑ should not have been a precocious child. Predictions from childhood about adult performance
cannot ⓒ be made based on relatively fixed traits such as IQ and early acquisition of skills. Instead, many of the
traits that really matter in predicting adult success are variable traits like creativity, determination, and leader-
ship. Thus, if you want to know ⓓ that a 14-year-old runner will be a good runner when he or she is 24, you
must simply wait ten years to find out how truly ⓔ successfully he or she has performed.

⇒ ( ) →
( ) →

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23. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중에서 어법상 틀린 것은?

A better example ① for what precocity really is may be the famous intellectual late-bloomer, Einstein.
② According to one biographer’s description of the future physicist, Einstein displayed no remarkable native
intelligence as a child. ③ His success seems to have come from certain habits and personality traits—curiosity,
resolve, and determination. No doubt, ④ these traits are not particularly fascinating, but they are, perhaps, the
more essential components of genius. ⑤ As seeing from studies of precocity, a precocious child may not become
a talented adult.

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
One is simply to track the achievements of precocious kids. There is a mid-1980s study of adults who attended
New York City’s highly regarded Hunter College Elementary School, which was founded in the 1920s as a
training ground for America’s future intellectual elite and only admitted children with an IQ of 155 or above.
(A)
But surprisingly, none of the Hunter graduates became CEOs of world-famous corporations, prominent
politicians, well-known writers, or Nobel Prize winners; there were no people who were nationally known in their
fields. They were genius kids, but they were not genius adults. A similar pattern emerged in Ontario, Canada, in
the 1970s. There was an elementary school with a team of elite runners. At that time, there were
15 nationally-ranked runners who were 13 and 14 years old.
(B)
According to research done ten years later, only one runner from that group became a top runner at the age of
24. In fact, the number-one runner at the age of 24 was someone known as a poor runner when he was
young, Doug Consiglio. (가) Doug was thought to be an awkward kid. When he was 14, all the other kids asked,
“Why does he even bother?
(C)
Yet the fate of the Hunter College child geniuses in the study was not greatness; it was simply being okay.
Thirty years down the road, the Hunter graduates were all doing pretty well and were reasonably well adjusted
and happy. Most of them had good jobs and many had advanced degrees.

24. 위 글의 내용과 일치하도록 빈칸에 알맞은 단어를 쓰시오.

The passage above tracks the level of success of i______________ or p________________ gifted children.
The result is that there is no significant c____________ between being t________ as a child and gaining high
levels of a____________ as a grown up.

25. 위 글의 (가)을 주어진 단어로 시작하여 복문으로 만드시오.

It ________________________________________________________.

26. 위 글의 순서로 알맞은 것은?

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) ③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

27. 위 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

① Hunter College Elementary School admitted children with gifted physical abilities.
② The studies in the above passage have affirmed the accepted notion of precocious children.
③ An elementary school in Ontario, Canada had a team of elite runners, some of whom were internationally ranked.
④ None of the runners mentioned above became high ranking runners as adults.
⑤ Doug Consiglio sets a great example of disproving the belief that geniuses grew up to be geniuses.

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28. 다음 빈칸(A), (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?

As seen from studies of precocity, a precocious child may not become a talented adult. (A) ________, a talented
adult may not have been a precocious child. Predictions from childhood about adult performance cannot be
made based on relatively fixed traits such as IQ and early acquisition of skills. Instead, many of the traits that
really matter in predicting adult success are variable traits like creativity, determination, and leadership.(B) ________,
if you want to know whether a 14-year-old runner will be a good runner when he or she is 24, you must simply
wait ten years to find out how truly successful he or she has become
(A) (B)
① As a result Similarly
② Besides Therefore
③ For example That is
④ On top of that On the contrary
⑤ However In short

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Another way to look at precocity is to work backwards—to look at adult geniuses and see what they were like
as kids. A number of studies have taken this approach, and they found (A) a similar pattern. A study of 200
highly accomplished adults found that just 34 percent had been considered precocious as children. There is also a
long list of historical geniuses who were quite _____________ as children; the list includes Copernicus, Rembrandt,
Bach, Newton, Beethoven, Kant, and Leonardo da Vinci. (B) 이 천재들 중 어느 누구도 Hunter College 부속 초등학교에
들어가지 못했을 것이다. As you can see from these studies, precocity is a trickier subject than people may
ordinarily think. The benefits of earlier mastery are often overestimated. There are many people who either started
out good and went bad or started bad and ended up good.

29. 위글의 (A) a similar pattern이 의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은?

① Most genius kids become adult geniuses.

② Many accomplished adults were considered ordinary kids.
③ Historical geniuses were precocious children without exception.
④ People with musical talent usually grew to be accomplished adults in music.
⑤ Most of the historical geniuses were graduates of Hunter College Elementary School.

30. 위 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 본문에서 찾아 쓰시오.(어형변형 가능)

-->___________________________

31. 위 글의 내용과 일치하는 것은?

① One way to look at precocity is by examining precocious children to their adulthood.

② Many studies have taken the suggested approach, leading to indifferent results.
③ None of the adults were regarded as precocious at an early age.
④ Many masters in history were far from being precocious as a child.
⑤ The benefits of earlier mastery cannot be stressed enough when it comes to later success.

32. 위 글의 (B)의 우리말과 의미가 통하도록 보기의 단어들을 이용하여 영작하시오.(단어 추가 )

this, make it, genius, none, will

_____ _____ ______ ______ ____ ______ ______ _____ into Hunter College Elementary School.

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 v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오
There are faults in the Mozart myth. First of all, the music he composed at four isn’t any good. His childhood
works are basically arrangements of works by other composers. Also, rather suspiciously, they ⓐ (write) down by
his father. Leopold was the 18th-century version of a modern day parent who goes all out to make his or her child
a star. Indeed Wolfgang’s legendary precocity was exaggerated somewhat by his father’s probable ⓑ (lie) about
his age. Young Mozart’s incredible musical ability might better ⓒ (attribute) to practice, practice, practice.
ⓓ(Compel)to practice three hours a day from age three on, by age six, the young Wolfgang had practiced
an astonishing 3,500 hours — three times more than anybody else in his peer group. Mozart’s famous precocity as
a musician was not so much natural musical ability as his ability to work hard, his circumstances, and a father
that had him ⓔ (do) so.

33. 위 글의 ⓐ~ⓔ를 각각 어법에 맞는 형태로 쓰시오.

⇒ ( ⓐ ) →
( ⓑ ) →
( ⓒ ) →
( ⓓ ) →
( ⓔ ) →

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
People often cite Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart as a child prodigy, someone who acquired his musical skills very early.
He started to compose music at the age of four.(①) By six, he traveled around Europe giving special performance-
s with his father, Leopold. He is, therefore, the perfect example of a precocious child.
(②) Also, rather suspiciously, they were written down by his father. Leopold was the 18th-century version of a mod
-ern day parent who goes all out to make his or her child a star. (③) Indeed Wolfgang’s legendary precocity
was exaggerated somewhat by his father’s probable lying about his age. Young Mozart’s incredible musical ability
might better be attributed to practice, practice, practice. (④) Compelled to practice three hours a day from age
three on, by age six, the young Wolfgang had practiced an astonishing 3,500 hours — three times more than any
-body else in his peer group. (⑤) (A) Mozart의 음악가로서의 잘 알려진 조숙함은 천부적인 음악적 재능이라기보다는 열심히 하는
그의 능력, 그의 상황, 그리고 그렇게 하도록 밀어붙인 아버지 때문이었다.

34. 위 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

① Wolfgang is often cited to have acquired his musical skills very early in life.
② Young Wolfgang can be said to be a perfect example of a precocious child.
③ Though Wolfgang did compose music at the age of 4, the music is rather of poor quality.
④ It can be suspected that the Mozart myth may have some parts made up by Mozart’s father.
⑤ By the age of 6, young Wolfgang had practiced 3500 times more than his peers.

35. 위 글 (A)의 우리말을 다음 조건에 맞게 영작하시오.

i) not so much A as B 구문 사용
ii) his / Mozart’s / as / to / a musician / famous / musical / natural / be / precocity / work / hard / ability 사용할 것.
(반복 사용, 어형 변형 가능)

⇒______________________________________________________ , his circumstances, and a father that pushed him to do so

36. 위 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 알맞은 곳은?

However, there are faults in the Mozart myth. First of all, the music he composed at four isn’t any good.
His childhood works are basically arrangements of works by other composers.

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37. 위 글의 내용에 해당하는 격언은?

① A burnt child dreads the fire.

② Don’t bite off more than you can chew.
③ Jack of all trades, master of none.
④ What is learned in the cradle is carried to the grave.
⑤ A genius is 1% inspiration and 99% perspiration.

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Another way to look at (A) __________ is to work backwards—to look at adult geniuses and see what they were like
as kids. (①) A number of studies have taken this approach, and they found a similar pattern. (②) A study of 200
highly accomplished adults found that just 34 percent had been considered precocious as children. (③) There is
also a long list of historical geniuses who were quite ordinary as children; the list includes Copernicus, Rembrandt,
Bach, Newton, Beethoven, Kant, and Leonardo da Vinci. (④) Though insignificant when young, but for these
geniuses, the world today would never be the same.(⑤) None of these geniuses would have made it into Hunter
College Elementary School. As you can see from these studies, (B) ______________ is a trickier subject than people
may ordinarily think. The benefits of earlier mastery are often overestimated. There are many people who either
started out good and went bad or started bad and ended up good.

38. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?

39. 위 글의 (A), (B)의 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 본문에서 찾아 변형하여 쓰시오.

(A) __________________, (B) __________________

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
In our obsession with precocity, we are making ⓐ (exaggerate) the importance of being talented. Rather, deliberate
practice toward a goal is much more important than natural-born ability. (A) __________, when we say that a great
musician is naturally gifted, does that tell us that he or she practices a lot, wants to practice a lot, or likes to
practice a lot?
People often cite Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart as a child prodigy, someone who acquired his musical skills very early.
He started to compose music at the age of four. By six, he traveled around Europe giving special performances with
his father, Leopold. He is, (B) __________, the perfect example of a precocious child. However, there are faults in the
Mozart myth. First of all, the music he composed at four isn’t any good. His childhood works are basically
arrangements of works by other composers. (C) __________, rather suspiciously, they were written down by his father.
Leopold was the 18th-century version of a modern day parent who (가) goes all out to make his or her child a star.
Indeed Wolfgang’s legendary precocity ⓑ (exaggerate) somewhat by his father’s probable lying about his age.

40. 위 글의 (A)~(C)의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 적절한 것은?

(A) (B) (C)

① For example yet Moreover
② Therefore besides for example
③ For instance hence In addition
④ However thus That is
⑤ In short however By contrast

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41. 위 글의 (가) goes all out와 의미가 통하는 말은?

① misleads
② exaggerates
③ endeavors
④ enjoys the outdoors
⑤ overestimates

42. 어법에 맞도록 위 글의 ⓐ, ⓑ에 exaggerate의 적절한 어형을 쓰시오.

⇒ ⓐ → ⓑ →

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Early ⓐ acquisition of skills — which is often what we mean by precocity — may be a ⓑ misleading indicator of later
success. (①) When we call a child precocious, we have a very inaccurate definition of what we mean. (②) Generally,
what we mean is that a person has an unusual level of ⓒ intellectual or physical ability for his or her age. (③) Adult
success has a lot to do with more than that. In our ⓓ obsession with precocity, we are ⓔ exaggerating the
importance of being talented. (④) Rather, deliberate practice toward a goal is much more important than natural-born
ability. (⑤)

43. 위 글의 흐름으로 보다, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 알맞은 곳은?

For example, when we say that a great musician is naturally gifted, does that tell us that he or she practices a lot,
wants to practice a lot, or likes to practice a lot?

44. 위 글의 제목으로 적절한 것은?

① How and What to Practice

② The Accurate Definition of Precocity
③ What Really Matters for Adult Success
④ Find Your Talent and Start Practicing
⑤ Deliberate Practice; an Exaggerated Factor for Later Success

45. 위 글의 밑줄 친 ⓐ~ⓔ 중 영영풀이가 적절하지 않은 것은?

① ⓐ acquisition: the process of learning or developing a particular type of knowledge

② ⓑ misleading: giving you a wrong idea or impression
③ ⓒ intellectual: having the ability to think, understand, and learn things quickly and well
④ ⓓ obsession: putting too much thought into something or someone
⑤ ⓔ exaggerating: indicating that something is more important than it really is

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46. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지 않은 것은?

As seen from studies of precocity, a precocious child may not become a talented adult. Furthermore, a ① highly
successful adult may not have been a precocious child. Predictions from childhood about adult performance cannot be
made based on relatively ② static traits such as IQ and early acquisition of skills. Instead, many of the traits that
really matter in ③ foretelling adult success are variable traits like creativity, ④ determinants, and leadership. Thus, if
you want to know whether a 14-year-old runner will be a good runner when he or she is 24, you must simply wait
ten years to ⑤ figure out how truly successful he or she has become.

47. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?

Does giftedness guarantee future success? There are two ways to answer this question. (①) One is simply to track
the achievements of precocious kids. (②) There is a mid-1980s study of adults who attended New York City’s highly
regarded Hunter College Elementary School, which was founded in the 1920s as a training ground for America’s
future intellectual elite and only admitted children with an IQ of 155 or above. (③) The school gained its fame
through its dedicated faculty and high-end programs for gifted children. (④) Yet the fate of the Hunter College child
geniuses in the study was not greatness; it was simply being okay. (⑤) Thirty years down the road, the Hunter
graduates were all doing pretty well and were reasonably well adjusted and happy. Most of them had good jobs and
many had advanced degrees.

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오
A better example for what precocity really is may be the famous intellectual late-bloomer, Einstein. According to one
biographer’s description of the future physicist, Einstein displayed no remarkable native intelligence as a child. (A) His
success seems to have come from certain habits and personality traits—curiosity, resolve, and determination. No doubt,
these traits are not particularly fascinating, but they are, perhaps, the more essential components of genius.

48. 위 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

① Einstein may be a good example of what precocity really means.

② According to his autobiography, Einstein was no prodigy as a child.
③ Einstein’s achievement may be due to his personality traits.
④ Future success is brought about by rather unattractive components.
⑤ Einstein’s example proves that a talented adult may not have been a precocious child when young.

49. 위 글의 제목으로 적절한 것은?

① The Myth Behind Late-Bloomers

② Late-Bloomers’ Chances for Success
③ Einstein: the Example of Scientific Genius
④ What Is More Important than Natural Intelligence to Succeed?
⑤ What Makes the Biography of Einstein Best- Selling Books?

50. 위 글의 (A)를 복문으로 변형하시오.

⇒It ________________________________________________

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51. 다음 밑줄 친 부분 중에서 어법상 틀린 것 2개를 골라 고치시오.

A similar pattern ① has emerged in Ontario, Canada, in the 1970s. There was an elementary school with a team of
elite runners. At that time, there were 15 nationally-ranked runners who were 13 and 14 years old. According to
research ② done ten years later, only one runner from that group became a top runner at the age of 24. In fact, the
number-one runner at the age of 24 ③ was someone ④ was known as a poor runner when he was young, Doug
Consiglio. Doug ⑤ was thought to be an awkward kid. When he was 14, all the other kids asked, “Why does he even
bother?

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Have you heard of a mindset? It is a person’s general attitude or the way he or she thinks and responds to a
situation. (①) According to the psychologist Carol Dweck, there are two kinds of mindsets, the fixed mindset and the
growth mindset. (②) People with a fixed mindset don’t think that they can change their talent and intelligence level,
and they avoid challenges. (③) What kind of mindset do you have? It seems that people have different mindsets
for different roles and life circumstances. (④) To live a happy life, try to adopt a growth mindset for every part of
your life. Here are the three steps to doing that. First, view challenges as opportunities. (⑤) You should sometimes
put aside your fears and do what scares you. Second, replace the word “failing” with the word “learning.” Last, value
the process over the end result. A positive approach will bring you success and self-fulfillment throughout your entire
life.

52. 위 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 알맞은 곳은?

On the other hand, people with a growth mindset believe that their abilities can be developed through hard work,
and they accept failure as a learning opportunity.

53. What is the definition of a mindset?

___________________________________________________________

54. What is the two different kinds of mindsets?

___________________________________________________________

55. Write the 3 steps the writer suggests to adopt a growth mindset?

_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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56. 다음 (A),(B),(C)의 각 [ ]안에서 문맥에 맞는 낱말로 가장 적절한 것은?

As seen from studies of precocity, a precocious child may not become a talented adult. Furthermore, a talented adult
may not have been a precocious child. Predictions from childhood about adult performance cannot be made based on
relatively fixed (A) [features/ figures] such as IQ and early acquisition of skills. Instead, many of the traits that really
matter in predicting adult success are (B) [flexible/various] traits like creativity, determination, and leadership. Thus, if
you want to know whether a 14-year-old runner will be a good runner when he or she is 24, you must simply wait
ten years to find out how truly (C) [successful/successive] he or she has become.
(A) (B) (C)
① features flexible successful
② features various successful
③ figures various successful
④ figures flexible successive
⑤ features flexible successive

57. 다음 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어갈 가장 알맞은 곳은?

Does giftedness guarantee future success?

Do you think you would be happy being a child prodigy, someone who is truly gifted in something at a very young
age? (①) Maybe you would, and maybe you wouldn’t. (②) However, we live in a society that generally accepts the idea
that giftedness leads to success, and success guarantees a life full of happiness. (③) There are two ways to answer
this question. (④) One is simply to track the achievements of precocious kids. (⑤) There is a mid-1980s study of
adults who attended New York City’s highly regarded Hunter College Elementary School, which was founded in the
1920s as a training ground for America’s future intellectual elite and only admitted children with an IQ of 155 or
above.

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
Tiger Woods’ prodigious achievements have become well known; he was a local celebrity by the time he entered
elementary school and became nationally famous in college. Amid all that has been written about his legend, a couple
of facts are especially worth noting. First is the age at which he initially achieved outstanding performance at a level
of play involving regular international competition. Let’s call it age nineteen, when he was a member of the U.S. team
in Walker Cup play (though he did not win his match). At that point he had been practicing golf with tremendous
intensity, first under his father and after age four under professional teachers, for seventeen years. Second, neither
Tiger nor his father suggested that Tiger came into this world with a gift for golf. Tiger has repeatedly credited his
father for his success. Tiger has written, “Golf for me was an apparent attempt to emulate the person I looked up to
more than anyone: my father.” Asked to explain Tiger’s phenomenal success, father and son always gave the same
reason: hard work. One of Tiger’s boyhood coaches recalled that, on first seeing him, “I felt he was like Mozart.”

58. 위 글의 내용과 일치하지 않는 것은?

① He won at first international match at the age nineteen.

② He practiced golf under his father until he was four years old.
③ His father did not think that Tiger Woods was born with talent at golf as a child.
④ He practiced golf hard to try to equal or excel his father.
⑤ His coach thought that Tiger Woods has many things in common with Mozart.

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59. To whom does Tiger Woods attribute his success?

__________________________________________________________

60. What did Tiger and his father think is the reason for Tiger’s phenomenal success?

_________________________________________________________

v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
As seen from studies of precocity, a precocious child may not become a talented adult.
(A)
Instead, many of the traits that really matter in predicting adult success are variable traits like creativity,
determination, and leadership.

(B)
Furthermore, a talented adult may not have been a precocious child. Predictions from childhood about adult
performance cannot be made based on relatively fixed traits such as IQ and early acquisition of skills.
(C)
Thus, if you want to know whether a 14-year-old runner will be a good runner when he or she is 24, you must
simply wait ten years to find out (가) 그나 그녀가 정말로 성공하게 될지 알아내기 위해서는.

61. 위 글의 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 순서로 가장 적절한 것은?

① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C) ③ (B) - (C) - (A)

④ (C) - (A) - (B) ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)

62. 위 글을 읽고 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말을 위 글에서 찾아 쓰시오.

⇒ To ( ) whether a child will be successful as an adult, you may as well look into his or her ( ) which are
( ) rather than relatively ( ) ones.

63. 위 글의 우리말 (가)를 다음 단어들을 배열하여 영작하시오.(어형 변형 가능)

true / succeed / he or she / have / how / become

⇒_______________________________________________________

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 v 다음 글을 읽고 물음에 답하시오.
When you consider the truly original imagination of children, their ability to connect the seemingly unconnected, it
could easily be argued that everyone is born creative. In fact, George Land conducted a remarkable study in 1968 to
test the creativity of 1,600 children, at the ages of five, 10, and 15. Among the five year olds, 98% scored at the
‘Genius Level,’ while only 30% of the 10 year olds, and 12% of the 15 year olds reached this level.It would seem that
children (A)(gain / lose) their capacity to be creative as they get older. Why? Well, it is becausetoo much emphasis is
placed on wrong and right, according to George Land. In schools, for instance, the focus is often on mathematics and
science, both highly logical subjects which provide little room for creativity. Even in English, when children are asked for
a personal interpretation of a poem or book, there seems to be a right or wrong answer.According to George Land,
children use divergent thinking when they are younger by subconsciously imagining original ideas — which may be rough
initially. But, throughout school, children are taught to try and use both divergent and convergent thinking
simultaneously — which is nearly impossible, as convergent thinking involves consciously judging, criticizing, and refining
ideas. To retain our creative abilities, we must allow our minds to wander freely.While children may all be born creative,
it would seem the world has a way of forcing it out of them. Yet, there is some hope. It is believed that creativity can
be rekindled in people, if they are in an environment that (B)(encourages / discourages) divergent thinking. Perhaps,
then, we are all like Peter Pan’s Wendy, capable of returning to the creative realm of Neverland if we so wish.

64. 위 글에 가장 적절한 제목은?

① Critical Thinking Goes with Creative Abilities

② Fearless Thinking Makes People More Logical
③ Problems of Divergent Thinking
④ Why Do We Lose Our Creativity as We Get Older?
⑤ Every Answer Counts When Interpreting Literary Works

65. 위 글의 (A)와 (B)에 알맞은 말을 고르시오.

(A) (B)

66. What does convergent thinking involve?

________________________________________________________

67. 다음 글의 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 알맞은 것은?

One is simply to track the achievements of precocious kids. There is a mid-1980s study of adults who attended New
York City’s highly regarded Hunter College Elementary School, which was founded in the 1920s as a training ground for
America’s future intellectual elite and only admitted children with an IQ of 155 or above. Yet the fate of the Hunter
College child geniuses in the study _____________________________. Thirty years down the road, the Hunter graduates were
all doing pretty well and were reasonably well adjusted and happy. Most of them had good jobs and many had advanced
degrees. But surprisingly, none of the Hunter graduates became CEOs of world-famous corporations, prominent
politicians, well-known writers, or Nobel Prize winners; there were no people who were nationally known in their fields.
They were genius kids, but they were not genius adults.

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① provided evidence that indeed being gifted is a great merit.
② was not absolute success but rather being fine.
③ was astonishing, giving insight to how important gifted schools are.
④ gave rise to mixed opinions on whether advanced degrees matter in running a corporation.
⑤ was tragic in that they all ending up being less than average.

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