Department of Education

7 National Capital Region

SCHOOLS DIVISION OFFICE
MARIKINA CITY

Science
Quarter 2 – Module 6
Asexual And Sexual
Reproduction

Romencita D. Gollayan
Marvin Velasco

City of Good Character

DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
 What I Need to Know

This module was designed and written with you in mind. It is here to
help you understand the differences between asexual reproduction and sexual
reproduction. It also describes the vegetative reproduction among living things, it
discusses different types of asexual reproduction and sexual reproduction using
illustrations.

The module contains one lesson: The Perpetuation of Life

After going through this module, you are expected to differentiate asexual
from sexual reproduction in terms of number of individuals involved and
similarities of offspring to parents. S7LT-IIg-7

Specifically, you are expected to:

 describe the vegetative reproduction;

 describe the different types of asexual reproduction using illustrations/video
clips, and identify their parts and function;
 describe the sexual reproduction using illustrations/video clips; and
 using the Venn diagram, differentiate asexual from the sexual reproduction.

What I Know
Read each question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What type of asexual reproduction occurs in bacteria?

A. binary fission C. replication
B. meiosis D. splitting of two
2. How does the DNA of the daughter’s cell compare to the DNA of the parent
cell?
A. It is identical.
B. It is the mix of the parents’ DNA.
C. It has the same similarities and some differences.
D. It is only half of the amount of DNA found in the parent.

3. How many parents are required for asexual reproduction?

A. one B. two C. four d. six

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4. A farmer wants to propagate a good variety of a crop in a way which
maintained all its desirable traits. Which of the following methods should be
used?
A. self-pollination
B. vegetative propagation
C. growing seeds produced from this variety
D. cross-pollinating this crop with another good variety and growing the
seeds resulting from the cross.

5. What type of traits needed by the organisms in order to survive and

reproduce?
A. traits like the parents
B. traits favorable for survival
C. traits that make the individual smartest
D. traits that make them most beautiful and attractive

6. Which of the following BEST describes asexual reproduction?

A. pollination
B. reproduction with no parents
C. reproduction with a single parent
D. reproduction with two or more parents

7. A sperm cell unites with an egg cell to form a zygote. Which process is taking
place?
A. asexual reproduction C. pollination
B. fertilization D. vegetative propagation

8. Which of the following is the correct sequence of sexual reproduction?

A. zygote----gametes----fertilization----embryo
B. gametes----fertilization---- zygote ---- embryo
C. fertilization----gametes----zygote----embryo
D. gametes----embryo----fertilization----zygote

9. Which of the following reproduce by regeneration?

A. ant B. crab C. frog D. star fish

10. In sexual reproduction, what is the source of the genetic material in a

zygote?

A. an egg cell only C. a pollen and a sperm cell

B. a sperm cell only D. an egg cell and a sperm cell

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Lesson THE PERPETUATION OF LIFE

What’s In

Have you ever asked yourself how organisms on earth do exist? How do they
perpetuate themselves? An organism exists as the result of reproduction.
Let’s try to fill in the table. In the first two columns, write what you already
know about sexual and asexual reproduction (K) and what you want to know (W).
After the end of this module, write what you have learned in the third column. All
answers are correct.

What I Know (K) What I want to know (W) What I have Learned (L)

What’s New

Plant propagation is the art and science of multiplying plants by sexual

or asexual means. Sexual methods consist of seed propagation according to
Hartman and Kester “Propagation by seeds is the major method by which plants
reproduce in nature and one of the most efficient and widely used propagation
methods for cultivated crops.” In asexual methods, this includes the rooting
cutting, layering; air layering, grafting, specialized structures, tissue culture;
micropropagation.

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 In humans, animals, and some plants reproduce sexually. It produces or
develop new individual through the process of fertilization from fertilized egg to
adult. In plants pollination is the mode of reproduction.

The table below helps you understand the vegetative propagation.

Rooting Air Specialized Natural Micro

cutting layering Grafting structures vegetative Propagation
propagation

A piece Is a method The Modified *underground Only takes

of a of process Stems stolons few cells and
stem, propagating of trans bulb, corm, (mints) are grown in
leaf, or new trees planting tuber, *rhizomes a
root and shrubs living rhizome (cattails) laboratory
which is from stems tissue pseudobulb, *corms situation
capable still from one runner (gladiolus)
of attached to plant to *bulbs (onion)
growing the parent another. Modified *tubers (Irish
into a plant. The Joining Roots potatoes)
new plant stem together tuberous *runners
plant. is wrapped the root (strawberries)
By with damp Cambium
using a moss to layers of
rooting encourage the Scion
medium roots to
form.

Examples of species and vegetative propagation...

Species Vegetative propagation
Apple Grafting/budding
Kangkong Stem cutting
Ginger Rhizome

Activity : Can you grow new plants from “eyes”?

(adaptive activity from K12 Grade 7 Science Learners Material pp 103-104)

A potato tuber is a specialized stem which functions as a food storage organ.

Let us investigate how tubers can be used in growing new plants.

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Objectives:

After you have performed this activity, you should be able to:
1. describe how potatoes reproduce;
2. explain what vegetative reproduction is; and
3. describe the advantages of growing plants using vegetative reproduction.

You may need the following materials that are found in your home:
1 potato
5 big cans filled with garden soil (you may use big cans of powdered milk)
trowel
knife
Precautions: in
doing the activity
Procedure: you need the
assistance of your
1. Examine the potato. Can you see depressions? parents/relatives.
These are the “eyes” or buds.

2. Cut the potato into pieces with each piece having

an “eye”. Observe how the cut pieces look.
3. Set aside the cut pieces for 2-3 days. Draw and
describe how the cut pieces look after 3 days.
4. After 3 days, plant each piece in a can, about 10-
cm deep. Set the tuber so that the “eye” points
upward.
5. Set aside the cans in a shady area. Water the soil
every day to keep it moist.
6. Report the progress of your work to your teacher.
Photo credit: May Anne G. Pasco
Guide Questions

1. Can you give a reason why it is better to plant the cut pieces with the “eye”
pointing upward?

2. How many “eyes” from each potato were you able to get?

3. How many new shoots grew from each potato “eye” you planted?

4. What is the advantage of using this type of propagation?

After this activity, you may transplant the potato plants in your home garden.
You may harvest the potatoes within 10 weeks. Check how many potatoes you can
harvest from one plant.

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 What Is It

From a single cell, life begins. Reproduction is a process by which

individuals give rise to new individuals of the same species, perpetuates the
species. In asexual and sexual reproduction, the new individual comes from either
a portion of the organism’s body or a spore which unlike a gamete, can develop by
cell division into a complete individual.

Look at the illustrations below. It shows the different modes of reproduction in

different living organisms.

Asexual Sexual
Living organisms Living organisms
reproduction reproduction
EXTERNAL
FERTILIZATION
RUNNERS Is a mode of
reproduction in
A horizontal which male
branch from the organism’s sperm
base of plant that fertilizes a female
produces new organism’s egg
plants from buds Chickens outside of the
at its tips. female’s body.
INTERNAL
Strawberry FERTILIZATION
The offspring
develops in the
female and is born
alive. This occurs
Fish
in mammals,
fishes, and
reptiles.
BUDDING Flower is the
Asexual organ used for
reproduction reproduction. It
whereby a new attracts
individual pollinators.
develops from an Pistil female
outgrowth of a reproductive
parent, splits off, organ.
and lives Stamen is the
Male flower
independently. male reproductive
Hydra Example hydra organ.

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 Female flower

BINARY FISSION In domestic dogs,

It is a form of sexual maturity
asexual (puberty) occurs
reproduction between the ages of
6 to 12 months for
where every
both male and
organelle is female.
copied and the
organism divides Pregnancy is
Bacteria in two. Example possible as soon as
Yeast bacteria the first estrus cycle
begins but breeding
Dog is not recommended
prior to the second
cyle.

SPORE Butterflies
FORMATION reproduce the way
These organisms other animals do-
disperse through sperm from a male
air and water. It fertilizes eggs from
develops new a female.
organisms.

Bread molds Butterfly

REGENERATION Human
It is the ability of reproduction
a simple requires two
organismto re- parents that each
grow its lost part share ½ of the
genetic
information.
Offspring share
Star fish the characteristics
Human of each parent.

Photo credit: DepEd Commons Images

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 Let’s look at the graphic organizer and analyze the difference between Sexual
Reproduction and Asexual Reproduction.

One characteristic that distinguishes living things to non-living things is the

capacity to reproduce. Reproduction perpetuates species. On the given words
inside the box are the words that belong to Sexual Reproduction and Asexual
Reproduction.

BINARY FISSION BUDDING CONJUGATION

EGG CELLS FERTILIZATION FRAGMENTATION
SPERM CELL SPORE FORMATION
VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION ZYGOTE

SEXUAL REPRODUCTION ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION

1. _________________ 1. _________________
2. _________________ 2. _________________
3. _________________ 3. _________________
4. _________________ 4. _________________
5. _________________ 5. _________________

Why do we need to study Meiosis in sexual reproduction in human?

 It is a fundamental basis of sexual reproduction.
 Two haploid (n) gametes are brought together through fertilization to form
diploid(2n) zygote.

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  If egg and sperm had the same number of chromosomes as other body cells,
then the offspring would have too many chromosomes.
 Gametes are reproductive cells – sperm cell from the father and egg cell from
the mother.
 Zygote - fertilized egg -developing embryo.

Pollination
Pollination brings together the gametes of a flower and it occurs when a
pollen grain of the right kind lands on the stigma of the pistil. Each pollen forms a
tube that grows down through the pistil and reaches the ovule in the ovary. One of
the nuclei in the pollen tube unites with the egg nucleus in the ovule to form a
zygote. The other sperm nucleus combines with another bigger nucleus in the
ovule which develops into the endosperm. (source K12 Grade 7 Science Learner
Material)

What’s More
Part A
Look at the pictures below and identify the types of vegetative
propagation/reproduction.

Corms Rhizomes Tubers Undergrounds Stolons

gladiolus garlic grass ginger camote

1.__________ 2. ___________ 3. __________ 4. ________ 5._________

Part B
Look at each picture and decide whether it demonstrated asexual
reproduction , sexual reproduction or both sexual and asexual reproduction .

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 1.__________________________________

2.__________________________________

3.__________________________________

4._________________________________

5._________________________________

What I Have Learned

From your prior knowledge, refer to the table below. Match up the two types
of reproduction with their characteristics and place the items in the Venn Diagram.

Reproduction Type Characteristics

 Two parents
 One parent
Asexual reproduction  Not identical offspring
 Identical offspring
 Bacteria, protists, some plants, yeast
Sexual reproduction  Passes on DNA to from parent to offspring
 Fishes, Mammals, Amphibians, Birds, Reptiles, Insects

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Venn diagram
Both
Asexual
Both Sexual
Both
Types of reproduction in Types of reproduction in
living organisms living organisms
Pass DNA from parent to Pass DNA from parent to
offspring offspring

What I Can Do
Let’s apply what we have learned in the module. As we are facing pandemic,
people stay at home and find interesting thing to work on – why not plant and
harvest our own food!

Activity: I Got My Green Thumb!

A. Make your own way of planting and growing plants.
Write all your procedure and observations.
B. Bonding with your Parents!
You may need materials found in your kitchen like used mineral
bottled water, soil, trowel (flat garden tool for setting small plants) water
Seed/Kind of vegetables that you can see in your kitchen ex. Example of
Recyclable Plastic Pot
(garlic, tomato etc.) Photo credit: May Anne G. Pasco
Procedure:
1. Find a plastic bottle within your home that you can recycle and use as a
plant pot.
2. A. Get the seed from tomato, dry the seed. Proceed with number 3
B. Get a clove of garlic, plant it in pointed end up position on a 1 inch or 2
inches in the soil.
3. Put soil in the plastic bottle plant pot.
4. If the weather is dry, water the plant.
5. Try to observe your plant growth in the next few days.

Guide Questions:
1. How often do you water your garden plants?
2. Have you used a fertilizer in planting?
3. How do you know when your plants grow and multiply?

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Suggested video clip: onion garden, onion grow onion, plastic bottles Agri Combo
youtube August 10, 2019

Additional Activities

Fill out the missing word/s in the concept map and use the options in the box
below.

Budding Birds and human being External fertilization

Haploid (1N) egg cell Successive mitotic divisions Regeneration

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 Posttest

Read each question carefully and encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. What is the BEST description for asexual reproduction?

A. pollination
B. reproduction with no parents
C. reproduction with a single parent
D. reproduction with two or more parents

2. Which process is taking place if the sperm cell unites with egg cell to form a
zygote?
A. asexual reproduction C. pollination
B. fertilization D. vegetative propagation

3. Which of the following reproduce by regeneration?

A. ant B. crab C. frog D. star fish

4. All of the following are involved in asexual reproduction, which is NOT

involved?
A. gametes C. root
B. leaf D. tuber

Refer to the picture of Gumamela plant for questions 5 and 6.

5. Which of the following is the male

reproductive organ of gumamela
plant?
A. stamen C. stigma
B. petal D. pistil

6. What is the female reproductive organ

of gumamela plant?
A. anther C. sepal
B. pistil D. receptacle

7. How can you differentiate asexual

reproduction from sexual
Photo credit: May Anne G. Pasco
reproduction?
A. Asexual reproduction requires gametes while sexual reproduction requires
body part.

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 B. Asexual reproduction undergoes fertilization while sexual reproduction
undergoes stem cutting.
C. Asexual reproduction produces unidentical offspring while sexual
reproduction produces identical offspring.
D. Asexual reproduction does not require gametes while sexual reproduction
requires the union of gametes.

8. The following are the advantages of sexual reproduction. Which is the

disadvantage of producing offspring?
A. The offspring is genetically different.
B. Offspring can be produced more quickly than asexual reproduction.
C. A lot of time and energy is required for making gametes and finding mates.
D. diversity of genetic material makes organism respond differently to the
environmental changes.

9. How can you describe fertilization?

A. no zygote formed
B. use in binary fission
C. sperm cells and egg cells are not required
D. sperm cells and egg cells are needed for fertilization

10. How does the chicken reproduce?

A. binary fission C. budding
B. performs internal fertilization D. performs external fertilization

Books

Philippines. Department of Education. (2009). Science and Technology II

textbook. (Rev. ed.). Pasig City: Instructional Materials Development Corporation.

Science Teacher’s Guide Science 7 Department of Education Republic of the

Philippines

Science Learner Material Science 7 Department of Education Republic of the

Philippines

Links

https://animals.howstuffworks.com
https://en.m.wikipedia.org.wiki

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https://glencoe.mcgraw-hill.comsites/dl/free.htm/lorekempon
https://www.thefreedictionary.com>runner
https://www.rhs.org.uk,profile
www.woubledsoek k12

Photos

http://images google.com/imagers
http://www.ces.ncsu.edu/depts/hort/concumer/factsheets

DepEd Commons Images

Video clip

onion garden, onion grow onion, plastic bottles Agri Combo youtube August 10,
2019.

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 DISCIPLINE • GOOD TASTE • EXCELLENCE
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Both
WHAT IS IT
Passes on DNA to from parent to
SEXUAL REPRODUCTION (in
offspring
any order)
Sexual
1. CONJUGATION
Two parents, not identical 2. SPERM CELL
offspring, fish, mammals,
amphibians, birds, reptiles, 3. EGG CELL
insects
4. FERTILIZATION
WHAT I CAN DO
5. ZYGOTE
1. everyday
2. I used fertilizer like banana
ASEXUAL REPRODUCTION (in
feeling, the shell of the egg etc.
any order)
3. if the stems grow and flowers
1. BINARY FISSION
appear.
2. FRAGMENTATION
3. SPORE FORMATION
4. BUDDING
ADDITIONAL ACTIVITIES from one potato plant
5. VEGETATIVE PROPAGATION 1, several new plants were grown
Concept Map
WHAT’S MORE in vegetative propagation. In Activity
1. Budding number of offspring may also result
2. Regeneration A. way of propagating plants. A larger
3. External fertilization 1. Corms
Q4. Vegetative propagation is a faster
4. Haploid (1N) egg cell 2. Bulb new shoot.
5. Successive mitotic division 3. Underground stolon Q3. One potato “eye” will yield one
4. Ribosomes
5. Tubers Q2. Answers may vary.
enable the shoots to grow faster.
B the eye pieces pointing upward to
1. Asexual reproduction Q1. The cut pieces are planted with
2. Both sexual and asexual 1:
3. Sexual developmental questions in Activity
4. Sexual Possible answers to the
5. Asexual
Activity 1
WHAT I HAVE LEARNED WHAT’S NEW
VENN DIAGRAM .
Asexual Answers may vary
One parent, identical offspring WHAT’S IN
bacteria, protists, some plants, yeast
Answer Key
 Development Team of the Module

Writers: Romencita Drilon-Gollayan

Marvin Velasco

Content Editors: Jessica S. Mateo

Marites R. Del Valle
Haydee M. Melgaso

Language Editor: Kristine Joyce G. Montejo

Reviewers: Validators from PNU
Illustrator: May Anne G. Pasco
Layout Artist: Jemwel Dela Paz
Management Team:
Sheryll T. Gayola
Assistant Schools Division Superintendent
OIC, Office of the Schools Division Superintendent

Elisa O. Cerveza
Chief, CID
OIC, Office of the Assistant Schools Division Superintendent

Jessica S. Mateo
EPS-Science

Ivy Coney A. Gamatero

EPS – LRMS

For inquiries or feedback, please write or call:

Schools Division Office- Marikina City

Email Address: sdo.marikina@deped.gov.ph

191 Shoe Ave., Sta. Elena, Marikina City, 1800, Philippines

Telefax: (02) 682-2472 / 682-3989

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