Class XII Session 2025-26

Subject - Mathematics
Sample Question Paper - 2

Time Allowed: 3 hours Maximum Marks: 80

General Instructions:

1. This Question paper contains 38 questions. All questions are compulsory.

2. This Question paper is divided into five Sections - A, B, C, D and E.

3. In Section A, Questions no. 1 to 18 are multiple choice questions (MCQs) and Questions no. 19 and 20 are

Assertion-Reason based questions of 1 mark each.

4. In Section B, Questions no. 21 to 25 are Very Short Answer (VSA)-type questions, carrying 2 marks each.

5. In Section C, Questions no. 26 to 31 are Short Answer (SA)-type questions, carrying 3 marks each.

6. In Section D, Questions no. 32 to 35 are Long Answer (LA)-type questions, carrying 5 marks each.

7. In Section E, Questions no. 36 to 38 are Case study-based questions, carrying 4 marks each.

8. There is no overall choice. However, an internal choice has been provided in 2 questions in Section B, 3 questions

in Section C, 2 questions in Section D and one subpart each in 2 questions of Section E.

9. Use of calculators is not allowed.

Section A

1. If |A| = 2, where A is a 2 × 2 matrix, then |4A-1| equals: [1]

a) 2 b) 4

c) 8 d) 1

32

2. Let A be a 3 × 3 matrix such that |adj A| = 64. Then |A| is equal to: [1]

a) 8 only b) 64

c) 8 or -8 d) -8 only
3. Let A be the area of a triangle having vertices (x1, y1), (x2, y2) and (x3, y3). Which of the following is correct? [1]

2
a) ∣ x 1 y
1
1∣ b) ∣ x1 y
1
1∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ x2 y2 1∣ = A2 ∣ x2 y2 1 ∣ = ±2A
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ x3 y3 1∣ ∣ x3 y 1∣
3

c) ∣ x1 y
1
1∣ d) ∣ x1 y
1
1∣
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
A
∣ x2 y2 1∣ = ± ∣ x2 y2 1 ∣ = ±A
2
∣ ∣ ∣ ∣
∣ x3 y 1∣ ∣ x3 y 1∣
3 3

1 1 1 ⎡
x⎤ 6 [1]
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

4. If ⎢ 0 1 1⎥⎢ ⎢ y ⎥
⎥ = ⎢ 3 ⎥, then the value of (2x + y - z) is:
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
0 0 1 ⎣
z ⎦ 2

a) 2 b) 5

Page 1 of 22
 c) 1 d) 3
x y−1 z
5. The equation of a line passing through point (2, -1, 0) and parallel to the line = =
2−
is: [1]
1 2 2

x−2 y−1 z x−2 y+1 z

a) = = b) = =
1 2 2 1 2 −2

x+2 y−1 z x+2 y−1 z

c) = = d) = =
1 2 −2 1 2 2

6. The solution of the DE cos x(1 + cos y)dx - sin y(1 + sin x)dy = 0 is [1]

a) 1 + sin x cos y = C b) 2sin x cos y - cos x = C

c) sin x cos y + cos x = C d) (1 + sin x)(1 + cos y) = C

7. A linear programming problem deals with the optimization of a/an: [1]

a) linear function b) logarithmic function

c) quadratic function d) exponential function

8. The value of p for which the vectors 2 i + p j + k and −4 i

^ ^ ^ ^
−6
^ ^
j + 26k are perpendicular to each other, is: [1]

a) 3 b) -3

c) − d)
17 17

3 3

9. 2
∫ x e
x
dx equals [1]
2 3

a) b)
1 x 1 x
e + C e + C
2 2

3 2

c) d)
1 x 1 x
e + C e + C
3 3

10. Find the value of x and y are respectively, if [

x y
][
1
] = [
3
] . [1]
3y x 2 5

a) 3, 2 b) 4, 3

c) 2, 1 d) 1, 1
11. Corner points of the feasible region for an LPP are (0, 2), (3, 0), (6, 0), (6, 8) and (0, 5). Let F = 4x + 6y be the [1]
objective function. Maximum of F – Minimum of F =

a) 18 b) 60

c) 42 d) 48
→
12. For any two vectors
→
a and b which of the following statements is always true? [1]

→
a) a⃗ ⋅ b ⃗ < ⃗
|a⃗||b| b) → →
→
a ⋅ b = | a || b |

→
c) a⃗ ⋅ b ⃗ ≤ ⃗
|a⃗||b| d) → →
→
a ⋅ b ≥ | a || b |

13. An ordered pair (α, β) for which the system of linear equations [1]
(1 + α)x + βy + z = 2
αx + (1 + β)y + z = 3
αx + βy + 2z = 2
has a unique solution is

a) (2, 4) b) (-4, 2)

c) (-3, 1) d) (1, -3)

B
14. If for two events A and B, P(A - B) = 1
and P(A) = 3
, then P ( ) is equal to [1]
5 5 A

Page 2 of 22
 a) 2
b) 1

5 2

c) 3
d) 2

3
5

[1]
dy
15. Integrating factor of the differential equation + y tan x - sec x = 0 is:
dx

a) esec x b) ecos x

c) sec x d) cos x
→ →
16. If | a | = 4 and -3 ≤ λ ≤ 2, then |λ a | lies in [1]

a) [0, 12] b) [8, 12]

c) [2, 3] d) [-12, 8]
2
k (3x − 5x) , x ≤ 0 [1]
17. For what value of k may the function f(x) = { become continuous?
cos x, x > 0

a) 1 b)
1
−
2

c) 0 d) No value
18. Direction cosines of a line perpendicular to both x-axis and z-axis are: [1]

a) 0, 0, 1 b) 1, 1, 1

c) 1, 0, 1 d) 0, 1, 0
19. Assertion (A): If the circumference of the circle is changing at the rate of 10 cm/s, then the area of the circle [1]

changes at the rate 30 cm2/s, if radius is 3 cm.

Reason (R): If A and r are the area and radius of the circle, respectively, then rate of change of area of the circle
is given by .
dA dr
= 2πr
dt dt

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

20. Assertion (A): If R is the relation defined in set {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} as R = {{a, b) : b = a + 1), then R is reflexive. [1]
Reason (R): The relation R in the set {1, 2, 3} given by R = {(1, 2), (2, 1)} is symmetric.

a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct b) Both A and R are true but R is not the
explanation of A. correct explanation of A.

c) A is true but R is false. d) A is false but R is true.

Section B
21. Find the value of tan −1
(−
1
) + cot
−1
(
1
) + tan
−1
[sin(
−π
)] . [2]
√3 √3 2

OR

Find the principal value of cosec-1(-1).

22. The total cost C(x) associated with provision of free mid-day meals to x students of a school in primary classes [2]

is given by C(x) = 0.005x3 - 0.02x2 + 30x + 50.

If the marginal cost is given by rate of change of total cost, then write the marginal cost of food for 300
dC

dx

students. What value is shown here?

23. Find the value(s) of 'a' for which f(x) = x3 - ax is an increasing function on R. [2]

OR

Page 3 of 22
 The length x of a rectangle is decreasing at the rate of 5 cm/min and the width y increasing at the rate of 4 cm/min,
find the rate of change its area when x = 5 cm and y = 8 cm.
3

24. Evaluate ∫
x +x

4
dx [2]
x −9

25. Find the absolute maximum and minimum values of the function f given by f(x) = cos2 x + sin x, x ∈ [0, π] [2]

Section C
π

26. By using the properties of definite integrals, evaluate the integral ∫ 4

log(1 + tan x)dx
[3]
0

27. A bag contains 5 red and 3 black balls and another bag contains 2 red and 6 black balls. Two balls are drawn at [3]
random (without replacement) from one of the bags and both are found to be red. Find the probability that balls
are drawn from the first bag.
[3]
sin(x−a)
28. Evaluate ∫ dx.
sin(x+a)

OR
−−−−−−−−−− −
Evaluate the integral: 2
∫ (2x + 5) √10 − 4x − 3x dx̣

29. Solve the initial value problem: tan x

dy
= 2x tan x + x2 - y; tan x ≠ 0 given that y = 0 when x =
π
[3]
dx 2

OR
y dy y
Find the particular solution of the differential equation x cos( = y cos( + x, given that when x = 1, y =
π
) )
x dx x 4

30. Solved the linear programming problem graphically: [3]

Maximize Z = 60x + 15y
Subject to constraints
x + y ≤ 50
3x + y ≤ 90
x, y ≥ 0
OR
Solve the following LPP by graphical method:
Minimize Z = 20x + 10y
Subject to
x + 2y ≤ 40
3x + y ≥ 30
4x + 3y ≥ 60
and x, y ≥ 0

31. Differentiate tan-1(

√1−x2
)
−−−−
w.r.t cos-1(2x√1 − x
−
2
) , when x ≠ 0. [3]
x

Section D
32. Using integration, find the area of the triangle formed by positive X-axis and tangent and normal to the circle x2 [5]

+ y2 = 4 at (1, √3).
–

33. Let A = {1, 2, 3} and R = {(a, b ):a, b ∈ A and ∣∣a 2 2

− b ∣
∣ ≤ 5 . Write R as set of ordered pairs. Mention whether [5]
R is
i. reflexive
ii. symmetric
iii. transitive
Give reason in each case.
OR

Page 4 of 22
 Show that the function f: R0 → R0, defined as f (x) = 1

x
, is one-one onto, where R0 is the set non-zero real numbers.

Is the result true, if the domain R0 is replaced by N with co-domain being same as R0?

34. Solve the system of equations [5]

2 3 10
+ + = 4
x y z

4 6 5
− + = 1
x y z

6 9 20
+ − = 2
x y z

y−1
35. Find the image of the point (0, 2, 3) in the line [5]
x+3 z+4
= =
5 2 3

OR
By computing the shortest distance determine whether the pairs of lines intersect or not:
^ ^ ^ ^
r ⃗ = ( i − j ) + λ(2 i + k) and r ⃗ = ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
(2 i − j ) + μ( i + j − k)

Section E
36. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
A shopkeeper sells three types of flower seeds A1, A2, A3. They are sold in the form of a mixture, where the

proportions of these seeds are 4 : 4 : 2 respectively. The germination rates of the three types of seeds are 45%,
60% and 35% respectively.

Based on the above information:

i. Calculate the probability that a randomly chosen seed will germinate. (1)
ii. Calculate the probability that the seed is of type A2, given that a randomly chosen seed germinates. (1)
iii. A die is throw and a card is selected at random from a deck of 52 playing cards. Then find the probability of
getting an even number on the die and a spade card. (2)
OR
If A and B are any two events such that P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B) = P(A), then find P(A|B). (2)
37. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Sonu left from his village on weekend. First, he travelled d1 displacement up to a temple. After this, he left for
the zoo and travelled d2 displacement. After this he left for shopping in a mall - Total driving time of Deepal

from village to Mall was 1.5 hr.

If d1 = (6, 8) d2 = (3, 4) and d3 = (7, 12) km

i. What is the total displacement from village to Mall? (1)

Page 5 of 22
 ii. What is the speed of Sonu from Village to Mall? (1)
iii. What is the Displacement from Village to Zoo? (2)
OR
What is the displacement from temple to Mall? (2)
38. Read the following text carefully and answer the questions that follow: [4]
Mrs. Maya is the owner of a high-rise residential society having 50 apartments. When he set rent at
₹10000/month, all apartments are rented. If he increases rent by ₹250/ month, one fewer apartment is rented.
The maintenance cost for each occupied unit is ₹500/month.

i. If P is the rent price per apartment and N is the number of rented apartments, then find the profit. (1)
ii. If x represents the number of apartments which are not rented, then express profit as a function of x. (1)
iii. Find the number of apartments which are not rented so that profit is maximum. (2)
OR
Verify that profit is maximum at critical value of x by second derivative test. (2)

Page 6 of 22
 Solution
Section A
1.
(c) 8
Explanation:
8

2.
(c) 8 or -8
Explanation:
8 or -8
Explanation
We know that |Adj A| = |A|n-1, n is the order of the matrix.
∵ 64 = |A|3-1
|A|2 = 64
|A| = ±8

3.
∣ x1 y1 1∣
∣ ∣
(b) ∣ x2 y2 1 ∣ = ±2A
∣ ∣
∣ x3 y3 1∣

Explanation:
∣ x1 y1 1∣
∣ ∣
∣ x2 y 1 ∣ = ±2A
2
∣ ∣
∣ x3 y 1∣
3

Explanation:
A = [x1 (y2- y3) - x2 (y1-y3) + x3( y1-y2)]
1

2A = [x1 (y2- y3) - x2 (y1-y3) + x3( y1-y2)]

4.
(b) 5
Explanation:
5
Explanation
1 1 1 x⎤ 6
⎡ ⎤⎡ ⎡ ⎤

⎢0 1 1⎥⎢ ⎢ ⎥ = ⎢3⎥
y⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
⎣
0 0 1 z⎦ 2

x + y + z 6
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

⎢y + z ⎥ =⎢ 3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
z 2

⇒ x+y+z =6 ------(i)
y+z = 3 -----------(ii)
z=2 --------------(iii)
from (ii) and (iii)
y+2=3

Page 7 of 22
 y=1
x+ y+ z = 6
x+3=6
x=3
(2x + y - z)
= 2(3)+1-2
= 6+1-2
= 7-2
=5

5.
x−2 y+1 z
(b) 1
=
2
=
−2

Explanation:
x−2 y+1 z
= =
1 2 −2

6.
(d) (1 + sin x)(1 + cos y) = C
Explanation:
Given cos x (1+cos y) dx – sin y (1+sin x) dy = 0
Let 1 + cos y = t and 1 + sin x = u
On differentiating both equations, we obtain
-sin y dy = dt and cos x dx = du
Put this in the first equation
t du + u dt = 0
du dt
− =
u t

-log u = log t + C
log u + log t = C
log ut = C
ut = C
(1 + sin x)(1 + cos y) = C

7. (a) linear function

Explanation:
linear function
8. (a) 3
Explanation:
3
9.
1 3

(c) 3
e
x
+ C

Explanation:
3

Let I = ∫ 2
x e
x
dx

Also, let x3 = t, ⇒ 3x2dx = dt

Thus,
1 t
⇒ I = ∫ e dt
3
1 t
= (e ) + C
3
3
1 x
= (e ) + C
3

Page 8 of 22
10.
(d) 1, 1
Explanation:
x y 1 3
Given, [ ][ ]= [ ]
3y x 2 5

On multiplying the matrices of left side, we get

x ⋅ 1 + 2 ⋅ y 3
[ ]= [ ]
3y ⋅ 1 + 2 ⋅ x 5

x + 2y 3
⇒ [ ]= [ ]
3y + 2x 5

Now, equating the corresponding elements, we get

x + 2y = 3 ...(i)
and 3y + 2x = 5 ...(ii)
On solving Eqs. (i) and (ii), we get
x = 1 and y = 1

11.
(b) 60
Explanation:
Here the objective function is given by : F = 4x +6y .
Corner points Z = 4x +6 y

(0, 2 ) 12(Min.)

(3,0) 12.(Min.)

(6,0 ) 24

(6 , 8 ) 72

(0 , 5 ) 30
Maximum of F – Minimum of F = 72 – 12 = 30 .

12.
(c) a⃗ ⋅ b ⃗ ≤ |a⃗||b|⃗
Explanation:
The correct answer is a⃗ ⋅ b ⃗ ≤ |a⃗||b|⃗ . This follows from the Cauchy-Schwarz inequality, which states that the dot product of two
vectors is less than or equal to the product of their magnitudes. Equality holds only when the vectors are parallel.

13. (a) (2, 4)

Explanation:
(2, 4)
14.
(d) 2

Explanation:
2

15.
(c) sec x
Explanation:
dy
Given that dx
+ y tan x - sec x = 0
Here, P = tan x, Q = sec x
IF = e ∫ P dx
= e
∫ tan xdx

Page 9 of 22
 = elog sec x
= sec x

16. (a) [0, 12]

Explanation:
|λa⃗| = |λ||a⃗|

= |λ| × 4

= 4|λ| ⩾ 0

When
λ = −3 ⇒ 41 − 31 = 12

λ = 0 ⇒ 4 × 0 = 0.

1 → a⃗ lie b/w .
|λ|a⃗ ⇒ [−0, 12]

[0, 12]

17.
(d) No value
Explanation:
No value

18.
(d) 0, 1, 0
Explanation:
0, 1, 0

19. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
Explanation:
Circumference of circle with radius r is given by C = 2π r
Differentiating w.r.t. 't', we get
dC dr
= 2π
dt dt
dC
Given, dt
= 10 cm/s

dr
∴ 10 = 2π
dt
dr 5
⇒ = cm/s
dt π

Now, Area of circle, A = π r2

dA dr
∴ = 2πr
dt dt
dr 5
Substituting r = 3 cm and dt
=
π
, we get
cm/s

dA 5
= 2π × 3 ×
dt π

dA 2
∴ = 30 cm /s
dt

20.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Explanation:
Assertion: Let A = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}
A relation R is defined on set A is
R = {(a, b) : b = a + 1}
∴ R = {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 6)}

Now, 6 ∈ A but (6, 6) ∉ R

∴ R is not reflexive.
Reason: Given set A = {1, 2, 3}
A relation R on A is defined as
R = {(1, 2), (2, 1)}
∵ (1, 2) ∈ R and (2, 1) ∈ R.

So, R is symmetric.

Page 10 of 22
 Section B
−π
21. We have, tan −1
(−
1
) + cot
−1
(
1
) + tan
−1
[sin(
2
)] .
√3 √3

5π π
= tan
−1
(tan
6
) + cot
−1
(cot
3
) + tan
−1
(−1) .
−1 π −1 π −1 π
= tan [tan(π − )] + cot [cot( )] +tan [tan(π − )]
6 3 4

π π
−1
⎡ ∵ tan (tan x) = x, x ∈ (− , ) ⎤
2 2
−1 π −1 π −1 π ⎢ ⎥
= tan (− tan ) + cot (cot ) + tan (− tan ) ⎢ −1 ⎥
6 3 4 ⎢ cot (cot x) = x, x ∈ (0, π) ⎥
⎣ −1 −1 ⎦
and tan (−x) = − tan x
π π π −2π+4π−3π
= − + − =
6 3 4 12
−5π+4π −π
= =
12 12

OR
cosec-1 is [ ,
−π
We know that the range of principal value of 2
π

2
] - [0]
Let cosec-1 (-1)
= θ. Then we have, cosec θ = -1
−π
cosec θ = -1 = -cosec = cosec ( ) π

2 2
−π −π
∴ θ=
2
∈ [
2
,
π

2
] - [0]
Hence, the principal value of cosec-1 (-1) is equal to
−π

22. Given, C(x) = 0.005x3 - 0.02x2 + 30x + 50

On differentiating both sides w.r.t. x, we get
dC 2
= 0.005 (3x ) − 0.02(2x) + 30
dx

= 0.015x2 - 0.04x + 30
On putting x = 300, we get
dC 2
= 0.015(300) − 0.04(300) + 30
dx

= 1350 - 12 + 30 = 1368
Therefore,the marginal cost of food for 300 students is Rs 1368.
By providing free mid-day meals to the students of primary classes, care and concern is shown towards their health and nutritional
status.
23. Given:
f(x) = x3 – ax
′ 2
f (x) = 3x − a

Given that f(x) is an increasing function

∴ f (x) > 0 for all x ∈ R
′

⇒ 3x
2
− a > 0 for all x ∈ R
⇒ a < 3x
2
for all x ∈ R
But the last value of 3x2 = 0 for x = 0
∴ a ≤ 0

OR
Let A denote the area of rectangle at instant t.
∴ A = xy (area of rectangle)
dx
= −5 cm/min ⎫
dt
⇒
dy
⎬ (given),
⎭
= 4 cm/min
dt

dA dy dx
= x + y
dt dt dt

= 5 × 4 + 8 × (-5) cm2/min
dA
⇒ ( )
dt
x=5,y=B

dA 2
⇒ = (20 − 40)cm /min
dt

dA 2
⇒ = −20 cm /min
dt

Here, (-) ve sign shows that area is decreasing at the rate of 20 cm2/min.
24. We have
3 3
x +x
I=∫ 4
dx =∫ x

4
dx +
xdx

4
= I1 + I2
x −9 x −9 x −9

Page 11 of 22
 3

Now I1 = ∫ 4
x

x −9

Put t = x4 - 9 so that 4x3 dx = dt. Therefore

1 dt 1 1
I1 = 4
∫
t
=
4
log |t| + C1 =
4
log∣
∣x
4
− 9∣
∣ + C1

Again, I2 = ∫ xdx

4
x −9

Put x2 = u so that 2x dx = du. Then

du u−3
I2 = 1

2
∫
2
=
2×6
1
log∣
∣ u+3
∣ + C
∣ 2
u2 −(3)

2
∣ x −3 ∣
= 1

12
log
∣ 2 ∣
+ C2
x +3

Thus I = I1 + I2
2
1 1 ∣ x −3 ∣
= 4
log∣
∣x
4
− 9∣
∣ +
12
log
∣ 2 ∣
+ C
x +3

25. It is given that f(x) = cos2 x + sin x, x ∈ [0, π]

f (x) = 2 cos x (-sin x) + cos x
′

= -2 sin x cos x + cos x

Now, if f (x) = 0 ′

⇒ 2 sin x cos x = cos x

⇒ cos x (2 sin x - 1) = 0

⇒ sin x = 1

2
or cos x = 0
⇒ x =
π

6
,
5π

6
or π

2
as x ∈ [0, π]
Next, evaluating the value of f at critical points x = π

2
and x = π

6
and at the end points of the interval [0, π] , (i.e. at x = 0 and
x = π ), we get,
2
π π π √3 1 5
2
f ( ) = cos + sin = ( ) + =
6 6 6 2 2 4

5π 2 5π 5π 2 π π 2 π π 5
f( ) = co s ( ) + sin( ) = co s (π − ) + sin(π − ) = co s − sin =
6 6 6 6 6 6 6 4

f(0) = cos2 0 + sin 0 = 1 + 0 = 1

f (π) = cos
2
π + sin π = (-1)2 + 0 = 1
π 2 π π
f ( ) = cos + sin = 0 + 1 = 1
2 2 2

Therefore, the absolute maximum value of f is 5

4
occurring at x = π

6
and the absolute minimum value of f is 1 occurring at x = 1,
π

2
and π .
Section C
π

26. Given ∫ 0
4
log(1 + tan x)dx
π

Let I = ∫ log(1 + tan x)dx .....(i)

0
4

a a
as, {∫ f (x)dx = ∫ f (a − x)dx}
0 0
π

4 π
⇒ I = ∫ log[1 + tan( − x)]dx
0 4

tan(A)−tan(B)
as {tan(A − B) = }
1+tan(A) tan(B)

π
π
tan( )−tan(x)
4
4
⇒ I = ∫ log[1 + ]dx
0 π
1+tan( ) tan(x)
4
π
1−tan(x)
4
⇒ I = ∫ log[1 + ]dx
0 1+tan(x)
π

4 2
⇒ I = ∫ log[ ]dx
0 1+tan(x)
π π

4 4
⇒ I = ∫ log[2]dx − ∫ log[1 + tan(x)]dx
0 0
π

⇒ I = ∫
0
4
log[2]dx − I (from (i))
π

4
⇒ 2I = [x log 2]
0
π
⇒ 2I = log 2 − 0
4
π
⇒ I = log 2
8

27. E1 : ball drawn from first bag

E2 : ball drawn from second bag
A : both drawn balls are red

Page 12 of 22
 P(E1) P(E2) = 1

P(A|E1) = 5

8
×
4

7
=
20

56

P(A|E2) = 2

8
×
1

7
=
2

56

1 20
⋅
2 56
P (E1 ∣ A) =
1 20 1 2
⋅ + ⋅
2 56 2 56
20

112 10
= =
22 11
112

sin(x−a)
28. According to the question, I = ∫ dx
sin(x+a)

Put x + a = t ⇒ dx = dt
sin(t−a−a) sin(t−2a)
∴ I = ∫ dt = ∫ dt
sin t sin t
sin t cos 2a−cos t sin 2a
= ∫ dt
sin t

[∴sin(A − B) = sinAcosB − cosAsinB ]

= ∫ cos 2adt − ∫ sin 2a ⋅ cot tdt

= cos2a[t] − sin2a[log|sint|] + C 1

= (x + a)cos2a − sin2alog|sin(x + a)| + C 1

[put t = x + a)
= xcos2a − sin2alog|sin(x + a)| + C 1
OR
−−−−−−−−−−−
Given, I = ∫ (2x + 5)√10 − 4x − 3x dx 2

Let, 2x + 5 = A (10 − 4x − 3x ) + B, d

dx
2

where A and B are constants.

⇒ 2x + 5 = A(−4 − 6x) + B ...(i)
⇒ 2x + 5 = −6Ax + (B − 4A)

Comparing the coefficient of x and constant term we get ,

−1
⇒ −6A = 2 ⇒ A =
3

B − 4A = 5

−1 11
= 5 + 4( ) =
3 3

−1
∴ A=
3
and B = 11

3
−1
Thus, (2x + 5) = 3
(−4 − 6x) +
11

3
[From Eq. (i)]
−1
−−−−−−−−−− − 11
−−−−−−−−−− −
Now, I = 3
2
∫ (−4 − 6x)√10 − 4x − 3x dx +
3
2
∫ √10 − 4x − 3x dx

−1
let I =
3
I1 +
11

3
I2 ...(ii)
−−−−−−−−−− −
Consider I 1
2
= ∫ (−4 − 6x)√10 − 4x − 3x dx

2
P ut, 10 − 4x − 3x = t

⇒ (−4 − 6x)dx = dt
2 3/2
∴ I1 = ∫ √tdt = t + C1
3

3/2
=
2

3
(10 − 4x − 3x )
2
+ C1 ...(iii)
−−−−−−−−−−−
consider 2
I2 = ∫ √10 − 4x − 3x dx
−−−− −−−−−−−−−−−
– 2 4 10
= √3 ∫ √− (x + x − )dx
3 3

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2
– 2 2 2 2 10
= √3√− (x + 2 ⋅ x + ( ) − ( ) − )dx
3 3 3 3

−−−−−−−−−−−−
2
– 34 2
= √3 ∫ √ − (x + ) dx
9 3

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− −
2 2
– √34 2
= √3 ∫ √( ) − (x + ) dx
3 3

−−−−−−−−−−−−−−−− 2
⎡ 2 2 ⎛ (x+ ) ⎞ ⎤
√3 2 √34 2 34 −1 3
= ⎢(x + ) √( ) − (x + ) + sin ⎜ ⎟ + C2 ⎥
2 3 3 3 9 √34
⎣ ⎝ ( ) ⎠ ⎦
3

−− −−−− x
−−−−−− a
2
x
2 2 −1
[∵ ∫ √a − x dx = √a2 − x2 + sin ( ) + C]
2 2 a

−−−−−−−−−−−−
2
√3 34 34 3x+2
=
2
[(x +
2

3
)√
9
− (x +
2

3
) +
9
sin
−1
( ) + C2 ] ...(iv)
√34

Page 13 of 22
 From Equations. (ii), (iii) and (iv), we get
−−−−−−−−−−−−
3 2
−2 11√3 34 34 3x+2 −C1
I =
9
(10 − 4x − 3x ) 2 +
2

6
[(x +
2

3
)√
9
− (x +
2

3
) +
9
sin
−1
( )] + C [ where,C = 3
+
11

3
C2 ]
√34

29. The given differential equation is,

= 2x tan x + x2 - y
dy
tan x
dx
2
dy 1 2x tan x+x
⇒ + y =
dx tan x tan x

+ (cot x) y = 2x + x2 cot x
dy
⇒
dx
dy
This is a linear differential equation of the form dx
+ Py = Q
I.F. = e = e
∫ P dx
= e = sin x
∫ cot xdx log sin x

The solution of the given differential equation is given by

y × (I.F.) = ∫ Q × (I.F.) dx + C
y × sin x = ∫ (2x + x2 + cot x) sin x dx + C
y sin x = ∫ 2x sin x dx + ∫ x2 cos x dx + C
y sin x = ∫ 2x sin x dx + [x2 ∫ cos x dx - ∫ ( dx
d
x2 × ∫ cos x dx] + C
y sin x = ∫ 2x sin x dx + x2 sin x - ∫ 2x sin x dx + C
y sin x = x2 sin x + C
y = x2 + cosec x × C...(i)
It is given that, y = 0 when x = π

2
2
∴ 0=( π

2
) + cosec π

2
× C
2

C=− π

4
2

Putting C = − π

4
in (i), we get
y = x2 −
2
π

4
cosec x
Hence, y = x2 −
2
π

4
cosec x is the required solution.
OR
The given differential equation is,
y dy y
xcos( x
)
dx
= y cos( x
) +x
y
y cos( )+x
dy x
⇒ =
dx y
x cos( )
x

This is a homogeneous differential equation

dy
Put y = vx and dx
= v + x
dv

dx
, we get
dv vx cos v+x
v + x =
dx x cos v

dv v cos v+1
⇒ v + x =
dx cos v

dv v cos v+1−v cos v

⇒ x =
dx cos v

dv 1
⇒ x =
dx cos v

⇒ cos v dv = 1

x
dx
Integrating both sides, we get
∫ cos v dv = ∫ dx 1

⇒ sin v = log |x| + C

y
Put v = , we get x
y
sin x
= log |x| + C ...(i)
π
At x = 1, y = 4
...(given)
Putting C = 1
in (i), we get
√2
y
sin x
= log |x| + 1

√2
y 1
Hence, sin x
= log x + is the required solution.
√2

30. We have to maximize Z= 60 x + 15y First, we will convert the given inequations into equations, we obtain the following
equations:
x + y = 50, 3x + y = 90, x = 0 and y = 0
Region represented by x + y ≤ 50 :

Page 14 of 22
The line x + y = 50 meets the coordinate axes at A(50, 0) and B(0, 50) respectively. By joining these points we obtain the line 3x
+ 5 y = 15 Clearly (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x + y ≤ 50 . Therefore, the region containing the origin represents the solution
set of the inequation x + y ≤ 50
Region represented by 3x + y ≤ 90 :
The line 3x + y = 90 meets the coordinate axes at C(30, 0) and D(0, 90) respectively. By joining these points we obtain the line 3x
+ y = 90 Clearly (0, 0) satisfies the inequation 3x + y ≤ 90 . Therefore, the region containing the origin represents the solution set
of the inequation 3x + y ≤ 90
Region represented by x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 :
since, every point in the first quadrant satisfies these inequations. Therefore, the first quadrant is the region represented by the
inequations x ≥ 0, and y ≥ 0.
The feasible region is given by

The corner points of the feasible region are O(0, 0), C(30, 0) E(20, 30) and B(0, 50)
The values of Z at these corner points are as follows given by
Corner point Z = 60 x + 15 y
O(0, 0) : 60 × 0 + 15 × 0 = 0
C(30, 0) : 60 × 30 + 15 × 0 = 1800
E(20, 30) : 60 × 20 + 15 × 30 = 1650
B(0, 50) : 60 × 0 + 15 × 50 = 750
Therefore, the maximum value of Z is 1800 at the point (30, 0) Hence, x = 30 and y = 0 is the optimal solution of the given LPP.
Thus, the optimal value of Z is 1800.This is the required solution.
OR
Converting the given inequations into equations, we obtain the following equations:
x + 2y = 40, 3x + y = 30, 4x + 3y = 60, x = 0 and y = 0
Region represented by x + 2y ≤ 40:
The line x + 2y = 40 meets the coordinate axes at A1 (40, 0) and B1 (0, 20) respectively. Join these points to obtain the line x + 2y
= 40.
Clearly, (0, 0) satisfies the inequation x + 2y ≤ 40. So, the region in xy-plane that contains the origin represents the solution set of
the given inequation.
Region represented by 3x + y ≥ 30:
The line 3x + y = 30 meets x and y axes at A2 (10, 0) and B2 (0, 30) respectively. Join these points to obtain this line.
We find that the point O (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 3x + y ≥ 30.
So, that region in xy-plane which does not contain the origin is the solution set of this inequation.
Region represented by 4x + 3y ≥ 60:
The line 4x + 3y = 60 meets x and y axes at A3 (15, 0) and B1 (0, 20) respectively.
Join these points to obtain the line 4x + 3y = 60. We observe that the point O (0, 0) does not satisfy the inequation 4x + 3y ≥ 60.
So, the region not containing the origin in xy-plane represents the solution set of the given inequation.

Page 15 of 22
 Region represented by x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0:
Clearly, the region represented by the non-negativity restrictions x ≥ 0 and y ≥ 0 is the first quadrant in xy-plane.
The shaded region A3A1QP in a figure represents the common region of the regions represented by the above inequations.
This region represents the feasible region of the given LPP.

The coordinates of the corner points of the shaded feasible region are A3 (15, 0), A1 (40, 0), Q (4,18) and P (6,12). These points
have been obtained by solving the equations of the corresponding intersecting lines, simultaneously.
The values of the objective function at these points are given in the following table:
Point (x, y) Value of the objective function Z = 20x + 10y

A3 (15, 0) Z = 20× 15 + 10× 0 = 300

A1 (40, 0) Z = 20× 40 + 10× 0 = 800

Q(4,18) Z = 20× 4 + 0× 18 = 260

P(6,12) Z = 20× 6 + 10× 12 = 240

Out of these values of Z, the minimum value is 240 which is attained at point P (6,12). Hence, x = 6, y = 12 is the optimal solution
of the given LPP and the optimal value of Z is 240.
√1−x2

31. Let u =tan −1

[
x
]

Put x =cos θ ⇒ θ = cos −1

x

√1− cos 2 θ

Then, u = tan-1[ cos θ

]

√sin2 θ

= tan-1[ cos θ
][∵ cos
2
θ + sin
2
θ = 1 ⇒ sin
2
θ = 1 − cos
2
θ]

= tan-1[ sin θ

cos θ
]

= tan-1[tan θ] = θ
−1
⇒ u = cos x

On differentiating both sides w.r.t x, we get

du 1
= −
dx √1−x2

−−−−−
Again , let v =cos −1 2
(2x√1 − x )

Put x =cos θ ⇒ θ = cos −1

x
−−−−− −−−
Then, v = cos −1 2
[2 cos θ√1 − cos θ]

−−−−− −−−
2
−1
∵ sin θ = √1 − cos θ
= cos [2 cos θ sin θ] [ ]
2 2
⇒ sin θ = 1 − cos θ

−1
= cos [sin 2θ]

−1 π π
= cos [cos( − 2θ)] = − 2θ
2 2
π −1 −1
⇒ v = − 2 cos x [∵ θ = cos x]
2

On differentiating both sides w.r.t x, we get

dv 2
=
dx √1−x2

√1−x2
du du dx 1
Now, dv
=
dx
×
dv
=− 2
×
2
√1−x

1
= −
2

Page 16 of 22
 Section D
32. According to the question ,
Given equation of circle is x 2
+ y
2
= 4 ......(i)
On differentiating Eq. (i) w.r.t. x , we get
dy
2x + 2y
dx
=0
d
⇒ x + y = 0
dx
dy x
⇒ = −
dx y

dy 1
⇒ ( ) = −
dx √3
(1, √3)

∴ m = −
1
( 'm' is slope of tangent )
√3

–
Now, equation of tangent at point (1, √3) is
– 1
(y − √3) = − (x − 1)
√3
–
⇒ √3y − 3 = −x + 1
–
⇒ x + √3y = 4.......(ii)
–
equation of normal passing through point (1, √3) and
−1 –
slope of normal = m
= √3
(tangent)

– –
(y − √3) = √3(x − 1)
– – –
(y - √3) = √3x - √3 ........(iii)
Now, the Eqs. (i) and (ii) can be represented in the graph as shown below:

On putting y = 0 in Eq. (i), we get

x+0=4
⇒ x = 4
–
∴ the tangent line x + √3y = 4 cuts the X-axis at A(4,0).

∴ Required area = Area of shaded region OAB

1 4
= ∫
0
y
( equation of normal)
dx +∫ 1
y
(equation of tangent)
dx

1 – 4 4−x
= ∫ √3xdx + ∫ ( ) dx
0 1 √3

1 4
– x
2
1 x
2

= √3[ ] + [4x − ]
2 √3 2
0 1

√3 1 16 1
= + [16 − − 4 + ]
2 √3 2 2

√3 1 15
= + [12 − ]
2 √3 2

√3 1 9
= + [ ]
2 √3 2

√3 3√3
= +
2 2

4√3
=
2
–
= 2√3 sq units.
33. Given that
Let A = {1, 2, 3} and R = {(a, b) : a, b ∈ A and ∣∣a 2 2
− b ∣
∣ ≤ 5

Put a = 1, b = 1 ∣∣1 2 2
− 1 ∣∣ ≤ 5, (1, 1) is an ordered pair.
Put a = 1, b = 2 ∣∣1 2 2
− 2 ∣∣ ≤ 5, (1, 2) is an ordered pair.
Put a = 1, b = 3 ∣∣1 2
− 3 ∣
2
∣ > 5, (1, 3) is not an ordered pair.
Put a = 2, b = 1 ∣∣2 2 2
− 1 ∣∣ ≤ 5, (2, 1) is an ordered pair.
Put a = 2, b = 2 ∣∣2 2
− 2 ∣
2
∣ ≤ 5, (2, 2) is an ordered pair.
Put a = 2, b = 3 ∣∣2 2 2
− 3 ∣∣ ≤ 5, (2, 3) is an ordered pair.

Page 17 of 22
 Put a = 3, b = 1 ∣∣3 2 2
− 1 ∣∣ > 5, (3, 1) is not an ordered pair.
Put a = 3, b = 2 ∣∣3 2 2
− 2 ∣∣ ≤ 5, (3, 2) is an ordered pair.
Put a = 3, b = 3 ∣∣3 2
− 3 ∣
2
∣ ≤ 5, (3, 3) is an ordered pair.
R = {(1, 1), (1, 2), (2, 1), (2, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (3, 3)}
i. For (a, a) ∈ R
∣
∣a
2
− a ∣
2
∣ = 0 ≤ 5 . Thus, it is reflexive.
ii. Let (a, b) ∈ R
2 2
(a, b) ∈ R, ∣
∣a − b ∣
∣ ≤ 5
2 2
∣
∣b − a ∣
∣ ≤ 5

(b, a) ∈ R
Hence, it is symmetric
iii. Put a = 1, b = 2, c = 3
2 2
∣
∣1 − 2 ∣
∣ ≤ 5
2 2
∣
∣2 − 3 ∣
∣ ≤ 5

But ∣∣1 2
− 3 ∣
∣ > 5
2

Thus, it is not transitive

OR
We observe the following properties of f.
Injectivity: Let x, y ∈ R0 such that f(x) = f(y). Then,
1 1
f (x) = f (y) ⇒ = ⇒ x = y
x y

So, f : R0 → R0 is one-one.
Surjectivity: Let y be an arbitrary element of R0 (co-domain) such that f(x) = y. Then,
1 1
f (x) = y ⇒ = y ⇒ x =
x y

Clearly, x = 1

y
∈ R0 (domain) for all y ∈ R0 (co-domain).
Thus, for each y ∈ R0 (co-domain) there exits x = 1

y
∈ R0 (domain) such that f (x) = 1

x
= y

So, f : R0 → R0 is onto.
Hence, f: R0 → R0 is one-one onto.
This is also evident from the graph of f(x) as shown in fig.

Let us now consider f : N → R0 given by f (x) = 1

For any x, y ∈ N, we find that

f(x) = f(y) ⇒ = ⇒ x = y 1

x
1

So, f: N → R0 is one-one.
We find that 2

3
,
3

5
etc. in co-domain R0 do not have their pre-image in domain N. So, f: N → R0 is not onto.
Thus, f: N → R0 is one-one but not onto.
34. Let 1

x
= u,
1

y
= v and 1

z
= w

2u + 3v + 10w = 4
4u – 6v+ 5w = 1

Page 18 of 22
 6u + 9v – 20w = 2
2 3 10 u 4
⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ ⎤

A= ⎢4 −6 5 ⎥,X = ⎢ v ⎥ B= ⎢1⎥
⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎦
6 9 −20 w 2

∣2 3 10 ∣
∣ ∣
Now, |A| = 4 −6 5
∣ ∣
∣6 9 −20 ∣

= 2[120 - 45] -3[-80 - 30] +10[36 + 36]

= 150 + 330 + 720 = 1200≠ 0
⇒ A is non-singular and hence A-1 exists.
Now, A11 = 75, A12 = 110, A13 = 72
A21 = 150, A22 = -100, A23 = 0
A31 = 75, A32 = 30, A33 = -2
75 150 75
⎡ ⎤

∴ adjA = ⎢ 110 −100 30 ⎥

⎣ ⎦
72 0 −24

75 150 75
⎡ ⎤
−1 1 1
A = (adjA) = ⎢ 110 −100 30 ⎥
|A| 1200
⎣ ⎦
72 0 −24
−1
X = A B

600
⎡ ⎤
1
= ⎢ 400 ⎥
1200
⎣ ⎦
240
1
⎡ 2
⎤

⎢ 1 ⎥
= ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 ⎥
1
⎣ ⎦
5
1

y ⎡ 2 ⎤
⎡ ⎤
⎢ 1 ⎥
⎢ v ⎥ = ⎢ ⎥
⎢ 3 ⎥
⎣ ⎦ 1
w ⎣ ⎦
5
1 1 1
u = ,v = ,w =
2 3 5
1 1 1 1 1 1
= , = , =
x 2 y 3 z 5

x = 2, y = 3, z = 5
35. We have,
x+3 y−1 z+4
= = = λ
5 2 3

Therefore, the foot of the perpendicular is (5λ − 3, 2λ + 1, 3λ − 4)

The direction ratios of the perpendicular is
(5λ − 3 − 0) : (2λ + 1 − 2) : (3λ − 4 − 3)

⇒ (5λ − 3) : (2λ − 1) : (3λ − 7)

Direction ratio of the line is 5 : 2 : 3

From the direction ratio of the line and direction ratio of its perpendicular, we have
5(5λ − 3) + 2(2λ − 1) + 3(3λ − 7) = 0

⇒ 25λ − 15 + 4λ − 2 + 9λ − 21 = 0

Page 19 of 22
 ⇒ 38λ = 38

⇒ λ = 1

Therefore, the foot of the perpendicular is (2, 3, -1)

The foot of the perpendicular is the mid-point of the line joining (0, 2, 3) and (a, β, y)
Therefore, we have
α+0
= 2 ⇒ α = 4
2
β +2
= 3 ⇒ β = 4
2
γ+3
= −1 ⇒ γ = −5
2

Thus, the imgae is (4, 4, -5)_

OR
Equation of line in vector form
Line I: r⃗ = (^ı − ^ȷ + 0k
^
) + λ(2 ^
ı + 0^
^
ȷ + k)

Line II: r ⃗ = (2 f^ − ^j ) + μ(^i + ^j − k

^
)

Here,
→
^
a1 = ^
ı − ^
ȷ + 0k
→
a2 = 2 ^
ı − ^
ȷ
→
^ ^ ^
b1 = 2 i + 0 j + k

→
^ ^ ^
b2 = i + j − k

We know that the shortest distance between lines is

→ →
→ →
|( a2 − a1 )( b1 × b2 )|
d= → →

| b1 × b2 |

→ →
(a2 − a1 ) = (2 ^ı − ^ȷ ) − (^ı − ^ȷ + 0k
^
)
→ →
^
(a2 − a1 ) = ^
ı + 0^
ȷ + 0k

∣^ ^ ^ ∣
1 ȷ k
∣ ∣
⃗
b1 × b2
⃗
= ∣2 0 1 ∣
∣ ∣
∣1 1 −1 ∣

⃗ ⃗ ^ ^ ^
b1 × b2 = (0 − 1) i − (−2 − 1) j + (2 − 0)k

⃗ ⃗ ^ ^ ^
⇒ b1 × b2 = − 1 + 3 j + 2 k

→ → −−−−−−−−−−−−−
2 2 2
| b1 × b2 | = √(−1) + 3 + 2

⃗ ⃗ −−
⇒ |b1 × b2 | = √14
→ →
→ →
|(a2 − a1 )( b1 × b2 )| = |(^ı + 0^ȷ + 0k
^
)(− ^
ı + 3^
^
ȷ + 2k)|

→ → → →
⇒ |(a2 − a1 )( b1 × b2 )| = 1

Substituting these values in the expression,

⃗ ⃗
|( a⃗2 − a⃗1 )( b1 × b2 )|
d= ⃗ ⃗
| b1 × b2 |

d= 1

√14

d= 1
units
√14

Shortest distance d between the lines is not 0. Hence the given lines are not intersecting.
Section E

36. i.

Here, P(E1) = 4

10
, P(E2) = 10
4
, P(E3) = 2

10

P (
A

E1
) = 45

100
,P( A

E2
) = 100
60
,P( A

E3
) = 35

100

∴ P(A) = P(E1) ⋅ P( A

E1
) + P(E2) ⋅ P (
A

E2
) + P(E3) ⋅ P (
A

E3
)

45 60 35
= 10
4
×
100
+
4

10
×
100
+
2

10
×
100

Page 20 of 22
 = 180

1000
+
1000
240
+
70

100

= 490

1000
= 4.9
E2
ii. Required probability = P ( A
)

A
P ( E2 )⋅P ( )
E

=
2

P (A)

4 60
×

=
10 100

490

1000

240 24
= 490
= 49

iii. Let,
E1 = Event for getting an even number on die and
E2 = Event that a spade card is selected
∴ P(E1) = 3

= 1

and P(E2) = 13

52
=
1

Then, P(E1 ∩ E2) = P(E1) ⋅ P(E2)

= 1

2
, 1

4
= 1

OR
P(A) + P(B) - P(A and B) = P(A)
⇒ P(A) + P(B) - P(A ∩ B) = P(A)

⇒ P(B) - P(A ∩ B) = 0

⇒ P(A ∩ B) = P(B)

P (A∩ B)
∴ P(A|B) =
P (B)

P (B)
=
P (B)

=1
→ → →
37. i. Total displacement = | d 1| + | d2 | + | d3 |
→ −− −−−−
2 2
| d1 | = √6 + 8
−−−−−−
= √36 + 64
−−−
= √100
= 10 km
→ −− −−−−
2 2
| d2 | = √3 + 4
−−−−−
= √9 + 16
−−
= √25
= 5 km
→ −− −−−−−
2 2
| d3 | = √7 + 12
−−−−−−−
= √49 + 144
= 13.89
Total displacement = 10 + 5 + 13.89
= 28.89
≈ 29 km
Total distance
ii. Speed = = Total time
28.89
= 1.5

= 19.26 km/hr
iii. Displacement form village to zoo = d1 + d2
= 10 + 5
= 15 km
OR
Displacement from temple to mall = d2 + d3
= 5 + 13.89

Page 21 of 22
 = 18.89
≈ 19 km

38. i. If P is the rent price per apartment and N is the number of rented apartments, the profit is given by NP - 500 N = N(P - 500)
[∵ ₹500/month is the maintenance charge for each occupied unit]
ii. Let R be the rent price per apartment and N is the number of rented apartments.
Now, if x be the number of non-rented apartments, then N(x) = 50 - x and R(x) = 10000 + 250x
Thus, profit = P(x) = NR = (50 - x) (10000 + 250 x - 500)
= (50 - x) (9500 + 250 x) = 250(50 - x) (38 + x)
iii. We have, P(x) = 250(50 - x) (38 + x)
Now, P'(x) = 250[50 - x - (38 + x)] = 250[12 - 2x]
For maxima/minima, put P'(x) = 0
⇒ 12 - 2x = 0 ⇒ x = 6
Number of apartments are 6.
OR
P′(x) = 250(12 - 2x)
P′′(x) = - 500 < 0
⇒ P(x) is maximum at x = 6

Page 22 of 22