고1 영어 영역 3

21. 밑줄 친 There will be many who will follow you가 다음 글에서 23. 다음 글의 주제로 가장 적절한 것은?
의미하는 바로 가장 적절한 것은? For many centuries, humans have taken advantage of tools that
Many atoms in your body are nearly as old as the universe itself. translate and bring into our perception natural phenomena that we
When you breathe, for example, only some of the atoms that you can’t perceive with our senses. In some cases, this consists of
inhale are exhaled in your next breath. The remaining atoms are simply amplifying signals that feed into our normal sensory inputs
taken into your body to become part of you, and they later leave (e.g., telescopes can bring into clear view that which is too far
your body by various means. You don’t “own” the atoms that make away for our eyes to perceive on their own). Other instruments
up your body; you borrow them. We all share from the same atom turn signals that we cannot perceive into ones that we can observe.
pool because atoms forever travel around, within, and among us. Some of these take the form of expanding the reach of our current
Atoms cycle from person to person as we breathe and as our sweat senses, such as creating visible images based on the ultraviolet
is evaporated. We recycle atoms on a grand scale. The origin of the spectrum of light or changing sounds that are normally outside the
lightest atoms goes back to the origin of the universe, and most range of what human ears can hear into audible signals.
heavier atoms are older than the Sun and Earth. There are atoms in Alternatively, some instruments measure properties for which we
your body that have existed since the first moments of time, have no sensory capacity at all and change them into that which we
recycling throughout the universe among limitless forms, both can observe.
nonliving and living. You’re the present caretaker of the atoms in * amplify: 확장하다 ** audible: 들을 수 있는
your body. There will be many who will follow you.
① difficulties in replacing human senses with tools
* evaporate: 증발시키다
② the tools that increase the ability of human senses
① Atoms will become part of other forms after you ③ human senses that inspire the inventing of scientific tools
② Atoms will remain unique and cannot be shared ④ differences between visual and auditory senses in humans
③ Atoms will follow their original forms ⑤ the power of human imagination in discovering the universe
④ Atoms will never be taken by a new form
⑤ Atoms will disappear completely after your lifetime

24. 다음 글의 제목으로 가장 적절한 것은?

Many opponents of animal experimentation argue that not only is
modern medicine not the only cause for the decline in mortality,
22. 다음 글의 요지로 가장 적절한 것은? many medical advances that did contribute to human health were
The act of gardening itself is a fantastic form of physical activity. not the result of animal experimentation. Defenders of research
It involves a range of motions, from digging and planting to have claimed that since there is a strong correlation between the
watering and harvesting. These activities help improve strength, practice of animal experimentation and medical advancement, the
flexibility, and endurance. You might not realize it, but small tasks former caused the latter. Opponents of research reject this
like weeding or turning compost can burn many calories. Gardening inference. After all, we have independent reasons to expect these
is particularly beneficial for those who find traditional exercise phenomena to be correlated. Since the law prescribes that all new
challenging. It’s a low­impact way to stay active and fit, making it drugs, prosthetic devices, and surgical techniques be tried on
accessible for people of all ages and physical abilities. Besides animals before they are used in humans, we will subsequently find
physical health, gardening has profound mental health benefits. that all medical advances are correlated with prior experimentation
Tending to plants can be incredibly calming and meditative. It on animals. Consequently, the correlation between animal
allows you to focus on the present moment, reducing stress and experimentation and medical discovery is the result of legal
anxiety. The repetitive tasks involved in gardening can induce a necessity, not evidence that animal experimentation led to medical
state of mindfulness, similar to meditation. Studies have shown that advances. Moreover, several influential physicians have offered
spending time in nature, even in a small garden, can elevate mood, historical evidence that animal experimentation has not been as
improve cognition, and reduce depression symptoms. The sense of responsible for biomedical discovery as defenders suggest. They
accomplishment from watching your plants grow and thrive can also claim that clinical discoveries played a more substantial role than
boost self­esteem and overall well­being. animal researchers have led us to believe.
* compost: 퇴비 * prosthetic: 보철의

① 야외 활동을 통해 협동심과 자존감을 높일 수 있다. ① Bio­medicine: Unlocking New Frontiers in Health Care
② 취미 활동을 지속적으로 할 수 있는 동기가 필요하다. ② Is Medicine Advanced by Experimenting on Animals?
③ 원예 활동은 신체적 건강과 더불어 정신적 건강에 이롭다. ③ Refer to Historical Evidence to Solve Medical Issues
④ 실내에서 식물을 기르는 것은 집중력 향상에 도움이 된다. ④ Why Aren’t There Strict Laws for Animal Adoption?
⑤ 원예 활동은 연령에 관계없이 다양한 사람들이 즐길 수 있다. ⑤ Medical Advances for Extending Human Life Span
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29. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 어법상 틀린 것은? [3점] [31~34] 다음 빈칸에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것을 고르시오.
Big mammalian herbivore species react to danger from 31. Whether we feel happy or sad, content or discontent, is not
predators or humans in different ways. Some species are nervous, determined merely by each individual successive moment of
fast, and programmed for instant flight when they perceive a life experience ― a good thing happens and I’m happy, a bad
threat. Other species are slower, less nervous, seek protection in thing happens and I’m sad. While our experiences affect our
herds, ① stand their ground when threatened, and don’t run until mood, we are not blown in a completely new direction by each
necessary. Naturally, the nervous species are difficult to keep in gust of wind. As humans, we adjust ― to new information and
captivity. If ② putting into an enclosure, they are likely to panic, events both good and bad ― and return to our personal default
and either die of shock or hit themselves repeatedly to death level of well­being. There will be highs and lows, but over
against the fence in their attempts to escape. That’s true, for time, like water seeking its own level, we are pulled toward
example, of gazelles, ③ which for thousands of years were the our baseline ― back up after bad news and back down after
most frequently hunted game species in some parts of the Fertile good. The euphoria of first love fades, and so does the despair
Crescent. There is no mammal species that the first settled of a break­up. This tendency is best seen with little kids and
peoples of that area had more opportunity ④ to domesticate than their toy joy: When they get what they’ve longed for, they
gazelles. But no gazelle species has ever been domesticated. believe they will be happy for the rest of their lives. And for
Just imagine trying to herd an animal that runs away, blindly the first few minutes of the rest of their lives, they are. But
hits ⑤ itself against walls, can leap up to nearly 30 feet, and can then the kids ― like adults ― .
run at a speed of 50 miles per hour!
* euphoria: (극도의) 행복감
* herbivore: 초식동물 ** herd: 무리
① adapt ② regret
③ explore ④ struggle
⑤ celebrate

32. Although you may put off going to sleep in order to squeeze
more activities into your day, eventually your need for sleep
becomes overwhelming and you are forced to get some sleep.
30. 다음 글의 밑줄 친 부분 중, 문맥상 낱말의 쓰임이 적절하지
This daily drive for sleep appears to be due, in part, to a
않은 것은?
compound known as adenosine. This natural chemical builds up
For a species born in a time when resources were limited and in your blood as time awake increases. While you sleep, your
dangers were great, our natural tendency to share and cooperate body breaks down the adenosine. Thus, this molecule may be
is ① complicated when resources are plenty and outside dangers what your body uses to keep track of lost sleep and to trigger
are few. When we have less, we tend to be more open to sleep when needed. An accumulation of adenosine and other
sharing what we have. Certain nomadic tribes don’t have much, factors might explain why, after several nights of less than
yet they are happy to share because it is in their ② interest to optimal amounts of sleep, you build up a sleep debt that you
do so. If you happen upon them in your travels, they will open must make up by sleeping longer than normal. Because of such
up their homes and give you their food and hospitality. It’s not built­in molecular feedback, you can’t become accustomed to
just because they are nice people; it’s because their ③ survival getting less sleep than your body needs. Eventually, a lack of
depends on sharing, for they know that they may be the sleep . [3점]
travelers in need of food and shelter another day. Ironically, the
* compound: 화합물 ** accumulation: 축적
④ more we have, the bigger our fences, the more sophisticated
our security to keep people away and the less we want to share. ① takes away your energy
Our desire for more, combined with our ⑤ increased physical ② causes mood swings
interaction with the “common folk,” starts to create a ③ catches up with you
disconnection or blindness to reality. ④ breaks down natural chemicals
* nomadic: 유목의 ** hospitality: 환대 ⑤ triggers adenosine to disappear
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33. One of the things that makes uncertainty difficult for members 35. 다음 글에서 전체 흐름과 관계 없는 문장은?
of the public to appreciate is that . Humans for centuries have dreamed of machines that could
Take, for example, the distance between Earth and the sun: become intelligent and make human­like decisions. There have
1.49597 × 10⁸ km, as measured at one point during the year. been myths about robots, automatons, and artificial beings
This seems relatively precise; after all, using six significant since ancient Greece (e.g., the myth of Pandora, who released
digits means I know the distance to an accuracy of one part in ills upon the world). ① Likewise, literature throughout history
a million or so. However, if the next digit is uncertain, that has dreamed of creating human­like creatures and thinking
means the uncertainty in knowing the precise Earth­sun machines (e.g., Mary Shelley’s Frankenstein). ② In 1950,
distance is larger than the distance between New York and British mathematician Alan Turing asked whether machines
Chicago! Whether or not the quoted number is “precise” could think and reason like humans and then developed the
Turing test to measure a machine’s intelligence and whether
therefore depends on what I’m intending to do with it. If I care
the machines can think autonomously. ③ A few years later,
only about what minute the sun will rise tomorrow, then the
MIT professor John McCarthy coined “artificial intelligence,”
number quoted here is fine. If I want to send a satellite to orbit
replacing the previously used expression “automata studies.”
just above the sun, however, then I would need to know
④ But artificial intelligence didn’t stop there; its first major
distances more accurately. [3점] appearance was in a movie where feeling artificial intelligence
* significant digit: 유효 숫자 replaced human characters with robots. ⑤ Since then, artificial
intelligence has become the study and practice of “making
① the significance of uncertainty is relative
intelligent machines” that are programmed to think like humans
② the relativity of time is difficult to recognize
― endowed by their creators with reasoning and learning.
③ all measurements have the same level of uncertainty
* automaton: 자동 장치 ** endow: 부여하다
④ measurements of distance do not depend on intention
⑤ specific numbers make people believe without question

[36~37] 주어진 글 다음에 이어질 글의 순서로 가장 적절한

것을 고르시오.

34. Richard Heinberg, an American journalist, argues that in 36.

building the renewable energy infrastructure to stop global The desert tortoise has a simple solution for coping with
warming, we are actually involved in one of the greatest change Death Valley’s extreme heat: It avoids it.
projects in human history. In addition to solar panels and wind
(A) But to stay supplied with water through its extended
turbines, we have to build an alternative transport infrastructure, hibernation, the reptile relies on something else ― its highly
farming procedures and industrial processes. This transformation sophisticated bladder. Unlike most animals, the tortoise’s
cannot happen without fossil fuels. For instance, production of bladder acts as a holding tank, allowing it to reabsorb water
concrete structures and steel elements require amounts of back into its body. Incredibly, a desert tortoise can go a full
energy that is only possible to produce with fossil energy. year without taking in any freshwater at all.
Production of solar panels requires scarce and expensive
(B) The slow­moving creature hibernates during the winter
minerals which must be excavated, again requiring the use of and stays in its tunnel for much of the summer, meaning
fossil fuels. Thus, the harder we push towards a renewable that it spends more than 90 percent of its life immobile. In
energy system, the faster . fact, the tortoise usually only surfaces after a good rain.
This is not only expensive, but also an undermining factor for Then, it gets to work. The tortoise stocks up on water by
our efforts to cut global emissions. Heinberg remarks that the eating plants and digging holes to collect rain.
cost of building this new energy infrastructure is seldom (C) And because its bladder is so important to a tortoise’s
counted in transition proposals, which tend to focus just on survival, park rangers often remind visitors not to stop and
energy supply requirements. [3점] help the slow­movers across the road. Tortoises become
* excavate: 발굴하다 so terrified when people pick them up that they empty
their bladders, losing their precious water reserves. [3점]
① we are taking full advantage of renewable energy sources
* hibernation: 동면 ** bladder: 방광
② we have to use fossil energy for the construction process
③ we invest in more natural resources for the environment ① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
④ we are able to decrease the rate of global warming ③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B)
⑤ alternative energy markets become competitive ⑤ (C) - (B) - (A)
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37. 39.
Imagine you are pedalling your bicycle on a level road. A person who always tries to prevent harm but never does,
You stop pedalling: no force is now acting to move you is not generally thought of as morally good.
forward. What happens?
A morally good person is one who does morally bad
(A) One of these is friction in the wheels rubbing on the actions significantly less often than most and does morally
axles. Another is air resistance, which you can feel, good ones significantly more often than most. In judging a
person not only her actions but also her intentions and
pushing you backwards as you and the bicycle move
motives are relevant. ( ① ) A morally good person must
forwards. When you apply these ideas to something
intend to do morally good actions and intend to avoid morally
around you, like a cart, you can see what could be
bad ones. ( ② ) A person who unintentionally prevents harm
generating friction: mainly the axles rubbing on the body
to others and does not harm them simply because things do
as they rotate.
not turn out as she intends is not morally good. ( ③ )
(B) You gradually slow down. How could you slow down Although this kind of situation generally occurs only in
more suddenly, in a shorter distance? By putting the slapstick movies, it is worth mentioning to avoid the false
brakes on. Because the brakes change your movement, impression that it is the actual consequences of a person’s
making you slow down more suddenly, they must be actions that count toward her being judged morally good or
exerting a force on the bicycle and you, as they grip and bad. ( ④ ) But actual consequences are important. ( ⑤ ) Of
rub on the wheel­rims. such a person, it may be said that she means well; but,
contrary to Kant, some results are necessary before she is
(C) This is the force called friction, which tends to slow regarded as morally good. [3점]
down moving things by acting in the direction opposite to
movement, that is backwards. Even without the brakes
on, there are other friction forces acting on you and your
bicycle, which also slow you down. 40. 다음 글의 내용을 한 문장으로 요약하고자 한다. 빈칸 (A),
* axle: (바퀴의) 축 ** rim: 테두리 (B)에 들어갈 말로 가장 적절한 것은?
① (A) - (C) - (B) ② (B) - (A) - (C)
Vision is influenced by our preconceptions about reality.
③ (B) - (C) - (A) ④ (C) - (A) - (B) In viewing a scene, we establish unconscious hierarchies
⑤ (C) - (B) - (A) that reflect our functional relationship to objects and our
momentary priorities. For example, when visualizing a
hammer in our mind’s eye, we tend to “see” it in profile or
at some other “ready for use” angle. One would probably not
visualize a hammer as seen from the top so that the handle
[38~39] 글의 흐름으로 보아, 주어진 문장이 들어가기에 가장 is hidden by the hammer’s head. The functional relationship
we have with objects creates visual expectations that
적절한 곳을 고르시오.
interfere with our ability to see “like a camera.” The
38. camera, like the human eye, sees only shapes and colors. It
Nonlinear editing, on the other hand, is like using a word documents the world impartially through a lens that is
similar to the eye. When we look at them carefully,
processing program.
photographs are often surprising because they don’t
All editing systems are now nonlinear computer­based interpret confusing details but simply serve them up to us
systems that allow random access to any video shot or scene with a mechanical indifference. And because of their
without having to fast forward or fast reverse to find it. flatness, photographs often contain areas that appear as
Nonlinear systems can create a range of special effects, such unrecognizable colors and shapes.
as slow motion, wipes and dissolves. ( ① ) Another highlight
of a digital nonlinear system is its random access process 
that makes it easy for an editor to find desired shots or
Our visual perception is shaped by an established hierarchy
scenes without having to spend time fast forwarding or
based on functional relationships, which (A) our
rewinding videotape. ( ② ) With nonlinear editing, shots or
ability to see objects as they truly are, unlike the (B)
scenes can be easily added or removed anywhere in the
perspective of a camera.
program, and the computer adjusts the program length
automatically. ( ③ ) Linear editing was like composing a
paper on a typewriter. ( ④ ) If a mistake was made or new (A) (B)
information needed to be added the whole piece had to be ① enhances …… accurate
retyped. ( ⑤ ) If a mistake is made, it is easily deleted and ② simplifies …… fixed
fixed with a few keystrokes, and new information can be ③ interrupts …… objective
added easily. ④ enhances …… neutral
* linear: 선형의 ⑤ interrupts …… inconsistent
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