MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

FUNCTIONS OF SEVERAL VARIABLES: ASSIGNMENT

IIT-JAM 2025

27. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by

f(x, y) = ey (x 2 + y 2 ) for all (x, y) ∈ ℝ2 .

Then, which one of the following is TRUE?

(a) The number of points at which f has a local minimum is 2

(b) The number of points at which f has a local maximum is 2

(c) The number of points at which f has a local minimum is 1

(d) The number of points at which f has a local maximum is 1

31. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by

xy 2 + y 5
if (x, y) ≠ (0, 0)
f(x, y) = { x 2 + y 4
0 if (x, y) = (0, 0)

Then, which of the following is/are TRUE?

(a) The iterated limits lim (lim f(x, y)) and lim (lim f(x, y)) exist
x→0 y→0 y→0 x→0

∂f ∂f
(b) exactly one of the partial derivatives and exists at (0, 0)
∂x ∂y

∂f ∂f
(c) both the partial derivatives and exist at (0, 0)
∂x ∂y

(d) f is NOT differentiable at (0, 0)

34. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by

(x 2 + sin x)y 2
if (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
f(x, y) = { x 2 + y 2
0 if (x, y) = (0, 0)

Then, which of the following is/are TRUE/

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(a) lim f(x, y) exists and lim f(x, y) = 1

(x,y)→(0,0) (x,y)→(0,0)

(b) lim f(x, y) exists and lim f(x, y) = 0

(x,y)→(0,0) (x,y)→(0,0)

(c) f is differentiable at (0, 0)

(d) f is NOT differentiable at (0, 0)

50. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by

(x 2 − y 2 )xy
if (x, y) ≠ (0, 0)
f(x, y) = { x2 + y2
0 if (x, y) = (0, 0)
∂f ∂f
Then, the value of (1, 0) = (0, 2) is equal to ………..
∂y ∂x

27 31 34 50
(c) (a, c, d) (b, d) 3

IIT-JAM 2024

2. For a twice continuously differentiable function g ∶ ℝ → ℝ, define

1 y
ug (x, y) = ∫ g(x + t)dt for (x, y) ∈ ℝ2 , y > 0.
y −y

Which of the following holds for all such g?

∂2 ug 2 ∂ug ∂2 ug ∂2 ug 1 ∂ug ∂2 ug
(a) = + (b) = +
∂x 2 y ∂y ∂y 2 ∂x 2 y ∂y ∂y 2

∂2 ug 2 ∂ug ∂2 ug ∂2 ug 1 ∂ug ∂2 ug
(c) = − (d) = −
∂x 2 y ∂y ∂y 2 ∂x 2 y ∂y ∂y 2

30. Define the function f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ by

f(x, y) = 12xye−(2x+3y−2) .

If (a, b) is the pint of local maximum of f, then f(a, b) equals

(a) 2 (b) 6 (c) 12 (d) 0

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

35. Let

S = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ x > 0, y > 0},

And f ∶ S → ℝ be given by
1
f(x, y) = 2x 2 + 3y 2 − log x − log y
6
Then, which of the following statements is/are TRUE?

(a) There is a unique point in S at which f(x, y) attains a local maxima

(b) There is a unique point in S at which f(x, y) attains a local minimum.

(c) For each point (x0 , y0 ) ∈ S, the set {(x, y) ∈ S ∶ f(x, y) = f(x0 , y0 )} is bounded.

(d) For each point (x0 , y0 ) ∈ S, the set {(x, y) ∈ S ∶ f(x, y) = f(x0 , y0 )} is unbounded.

2 30 35
(a) (a) (b, c)

IIT-JAM 2023

1. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 be defined by f(x, y) = (ex cos(y) , ex sin(y)).

Then, the number of points in ℝ2 that do NOT lie in the range of f is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) infinite

2 +y2
2. Let f(x, y) = ex for (x, y) ∈ ℝ2 , and an be the determinant of the matrix

∂2 f ∂2 f
∂x 2 ∂x ∂y
∂2 f ∂2 f
(∂y ∂x ∂y 2 )

evaluated at the point (cos n , sin n). Then, the limit lim an is
n→∞

(a) non existent (b) 0 (c) 6e2 (d) 12e2

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

3. Let f(x, y) = log(1 + x 2 + y 2 ) for (x, y) ∈ ℝ2 . Define

∂2 f ∂2 f
P = 2| Q= |
∂x (0,0) ∂x ∂y (0,0)

∂2 f ∂2 f
R= | S = 2|
∂y ∂x (0,0) ∂y (0,0)

Then

(a) PS − QR > 0 and P < 0 (b) PS − QR > 0 and P > 0

(c) PS − QR < 0 and P > 0 (d) PS − QR < 0 and P < 0

4. A subset S ⊆ ℝ2 is said to be bounded if there is an M > 0 such that

|x| ≤ M and |y| ≤ M for all (x, y) ∈ S.

Which of the following subsets of ℝ2 is(are) bounded?

2
(a) {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ ex + y 2 ≤ 4} (b) {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ x 4 + y 2 ≤ 4}
3
(c) {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ |x| + |y| ≤ 4} (d) {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ ex + y 2 ≤ 4}

5. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be defined as follows:

x4y3
if (x, y) ≠ (0, 0)
f(x, y) = { x 6 + y 6
0 if (x, y) = (0, 0)

Then

f(t, t) − f(0, 0) 1 ∂f
(a) lim exists and equals (b) | exists and equal to 0
t→0 t 2 ∂x (0,0)

∂f f(t, 2t) − f(0, 0) 1

(c) | exists and equal to 0 (d) lim exists and equals
∂y (0,0) t→0 t 3

6. Let f ∶ ℝ3 → ℝ be defined as f(x, y, z) = x 3 + y 3 + z 3 ,

and let L ∶ ℝ3 → ℝ be the linear map satisfying

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

f(1 + x, 1 + y, 1 + z) − f(1, 1, 1) − L(x, y, z)

lim = 0.
(x,y,z)→(0,0,0) √x 2 + y 2 + z 2

Then, L(1, 2, 4) is equal to ⋯.

1 2 3 4 5 6
(b) (d) (b) (a, b, c) (a, b, c) 21

IIT-JAM 2022

1. Let c be a positive real number and let u ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by

1 x+ct s2
u(x, t) = ∫ e ds for (x, t) ∈ ℝ2
2c x−ct

Then, which one of the following is true?

∂2 u 2
∂2 u ∂u ∂2 u
(a) 2
= c 2
on ℝ2 . (b) = c 2 2 on ℝ2 .
∂t ∂x ∂t ∂x
∂u ∂u ∂2 u
(c) = 0 on ℝ2 . (d) = 0 on ℝ2 .
∂t ∂x ∂t ∂x

π π
2. Let θ ∈ ( , ) . Consider the function
4 2
u ∶ ℝ2 − {(0, 0)} → ℝ and v ∶ ℝ2 − {(0, 0)} → ℝ

given by
x y
u(x, t) = x − and v(x, y) = y + .
x2 + y2 x2 + y2
∂u ∂u
∂x ∂y|
The value of the determinant || at the point (cos θ , sin θ) is equal to
∂v ∂v|
∂x ∂y

(a) 4 sin θ. (b) 4 cos θ. (c) 4 sin2 θ . (d) 4 cos 2 θ.

3. Consider the open rectangle G = {(s, t) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ 0 < s < 1 and 0 < t < 1} and

the map T ∶ G → ℝ2 given by

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

πs(1 − t) π(1 − s)
T(s, t) = ( , ) for (s, t) ∈ G.
2 2

Then, the area of the image T(G) of the map T is equal to

π π2 π2
(a) . (b) . (c) . (d) 1.
4 4 8

4. For t ∈ ℝ, let [t] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to t.

Define h ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ and g ∶ ℝ → ℝ by
1 sin x
− if x 2 ≠ y
2
h(x, y) = { x − y and g(x) = { x , if x ≠ 0
0 if x 2 = y 0 if x = 0

Then, which one of the following is FALSE?

x2y 1
(a) lim cos ( 2 )=− . (b) lim eh(x,y) = 0.
(x,y)→(√2,π) x +1 2 (x,y)→(√2,2)

(c) lim ℓn(x y−[y] ) = e − 2. (d) lim e2y g(x) = 1.

(x,y)→(e,e) (x,y)→(0,0)

5. Let M be a positive real number and let u, v ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be continuous functions satisfying

√u(x, y)2 + v(x, y) ≥ M√x 2 + y 2 for all (x, y) ∈ ℝ2

Let F ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 be given by F(x, y) = (u(x, y), v(x, y)) for (x, y) ∈ ℝ2

Then, which of the following is(are) true?

(a) F is injective.

(b) If K is open in ℝ2 then F(K) is open in ℝ2 .

(c) If K is closed in ℝ2 then F(K) is closed in ℝ2 .

(d) If E is closed and bounded in ℝ2 then F −1 (E) is closed and bounded in ℝ2 .

6. Consider the function u ∶ ℝ3 → ℝ given by

u(x1 , x2 , x3 ) = x1 x24 x32 − x13 x34 − 26 x12 x22 x32

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

∂u ∂u
Let c ∈ ℝ and k ∈ ℕ be such that x1 + 2x2
∂x2 ∂x3

evaluated at the point (t, t 2 , t 3 ) equals ct k for every t ∈ ℝ. Then, the value of k is equal to

7. For t ∈ ℝ, let [t] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to t.

Let D = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ x 2 + y 2 < 4}. Let f ∶ D → ℝ and g ∶ D → ℝ be defined by

f(0, 0) = g(0, 0) = 0
x 2 y2 xy
and f(x, y) = [x 2 + y 2 ] , g(x, y) = [y 2 ] for (x, y) ≠ (0, 0).
x4 +y4 x2 +y2

Let E be the set of points of D at which both f and g are discontinuous.

The number of elements in the set E is ⋯

8. Define f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ by f(x, y) = x 2 + 2y 2 − x for (x, y) ∈ ℝ2

2 2 2
x2 y2 2
Let D = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ ∶ x + y ≤ 1} and E = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ ∶ + ≤ 1}
4 9

Consider the sets

Dmax = {(a, b) ∈ D ∶ f has absolute maximum on D at (a, b)}

Dmin = {(a, b) ∈ D ∶ f has absolute minimum at D at (a, b)}

Emax = {(c, d) ∈ E ∶ f has absolute maximum on E at (c, d)}

Emin = {(c, d) ∈ E ∶ f has absolute minimum on E at (c, d)}

Then, the total number of elements in the set Dmax ∪ Dmin ∪ Emax ∪ Emin is equal to ⋯

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
(a) (d) (c) MTA (c, d) 11 2 5

IIT-JAM 2021

1. Let D ⊆ ℝ2 be definedby D = ℝ2 \{(x, 0) ∶ x ∈ ℝ}. Consider the function

1
f: D → ℝ defined by f(x, y) = x sin . Then
y
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(a) f is discontinuous function on D.

(b) f is a continuous function on D and cannot be extended continuously to any point

outside D.

(c) f is a continuous function on D and can be extended continuously on D ∪ {(0,0)}.

(d) f is continuous function on D and can be extended continuously to the whole of ℝ2 .

2. Let D = ℝ2 \{(0,0)}. Consider the two functions u, v ∶ D → ℝ defined by

u(x, y) = x 2 − y 2 and v(x, y) = xy.

Consider the gradients ∇u and ∇v of the functions u and v, respectively. Then

(a) ∇u and ∇v are parallel at each point (x, y) of D.

(b) ∇u and ∇v are perpendicular at each point (x, y)of D.

(c) ∇u and ∇v do not exists at some points (x, y)of D.

(d) ∇u and ∇v at each point (x, y) of D span ℝ2 . (B, D)

3. Consider the two functions f(x, y) = x + y and g(x, y) = xy − 16 defined on ℝ2 . Then

(a) the function f has no global extreme value subject to the condition g = 0.

(b) the function f attains global extreme values at (4,4) and (−4, −4) subject to the

condition g = 0.

(c) the function g has no global extreme value subject to the condition f = 0.

(d) the function g has a global extreme value at (0,0) subject to the condition f = 0.

1 2 3
(c) (b, d) (a, d)

IIT-JAM 2020
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

1. Let g: ℝ → ℝ be twice differentiable function. If f(x, y) = g(y) + xg ′ (y), then

∂f ∂2 f ∂f
(a) +y = .
∂x ∂x ∂y ∂y

∂f ∂2 f ∂f
(b) +y = .
∂x ∂x ∂y ∂x

∂f ∂2 f ∂f
(c) +x = .
∂x ∂x ∂y ∂y

∂f ∂2 f ∂f
(d) +x = .
∂x ∂x ∂y ∂x

2. If the equation of the tagent plane to the surface z = 16 − x 2 − y 2 at the

point P(1,3,6) is ax + by + cz + d = 0, then the value of |d|is

(a) 16.

(b) 26.

(c) 36.

(d) 46.

3. If the directional derivate of the function z = y 2 e2x at (2, −1) along the unit vector

⃗b = αî + βĵ is zero, then |α + β|equals

1
(a) .
2√2
1
(b) .
√2

(c) √2.

(d) 2√2.
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

1 1
x 2 sin + y 2 sin , xy ≠ 0
x y
2
1
x sin , x ≠ 0, y = 0
4. Let f(x, y) = x
1
y 2 sin , y ≠ 0, x = 0
y
{ 0 , x = 0, y = 0

Which of the following is true at (0,0)?

(a) f is not continuous.

∂f ∂f
(b) is continuous but is not continuous.
∂x ∂y

(c) f is not differentiable.

∂f ∂f
(d) f is differentiable but both and are not continuous.
∂x ∂y

5. Let D = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ |x| + |y| ≤ 1} and f: D → ℝ be a non constant continuous

function. Which of the following is TRUE?

(a) The range of f is unbounded.

(b) The range of f is union of open intervals.

(c) The range of f is a closed interval.

(d) The range of f is a union of at least two disjoint closed intervals.

df
6. Let f(x, y) = ex sin y , x = t 3 + 1 and y = t 4 + t. Then at t = 0 is _____________.
dt
Rounded off to two decimal places.

1 2 3 4 5 6
(c) (b) (c) (d) (c) 2.70-2.72

IIT-JAM 2019

1. Let g: ℝ → ℝ be twice differentiable function. Define f: ℝ3 → ℝ by

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

∂2 f ∂2 f ∂2 f
f(x, y, z) = g(x 2 + y 2 − 2z 2 ). Then 2
+ 2
+ is equal to
∂x ∂y ∂z2

(a) 4(x 2 + y 2 − 4z 2 )g ′′(x 2 + y 2 − 2z 2 ).

(b) 4(x 2 + y 2 + 4z 2 )g ′′(x 2 + y 2 − 2z 2 ).

(c) 4(x 2 + y 2 − 2z 2 )g ′′ (x 2 + y 2 − 2z 2 ).

(d) 4(x 2 + y 2 + 4z 2 )g ′′ (x 2 + y 2 − 2z 2 ) + 8g ′ (x 2 + y 2 − 2z 2 ).

2. The equation of the tagent plane to the surface x 2 z + √8 − x 2 − y 4 = 6

at the point (2,0,1) is

(a) 2x + z = 5.

(b) 3x + 4z = 10.

(c) 3x − z = 10.

(d) 7x − 4z = 10.

3. The function f(x, y) = x 3 + 2xy + y 3 has a saddle point at

(a) (0,0).

2 2
(b) (− , − ).
3 3
3 3
(c) (− , − ).
2 2
(d) (−1, −1).

4. The tangent line to the curve of intersection of the surface x 2 + y 2 − z = 0

and the plane x + z = 3 at the point (1,1,2) passes through

(a) (−1, −2,4).

(b) (−1,4,4).

(c) (3,4,4).
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(d) (−1,4,0)

x 2 |y|β y
5. For β ∈ ℝ, define f(x, y) = { x 4 + y 2 , x ≠ 0 . Then, at (0,0) the function f is
0, x = 0.
(a) continuous for β = 0.

(b) continuous for β > 0.

(c) not differentioble for any β.

(d) continuous for β < 0.

|x|
√x 4 + y 2 , (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
6. Let f(x, y) = { |x| + |y| , . Then, at (0,0),
0, (x, y) = (0,0).

(a) f is continuous.

∂f ∂f
(b) = 0 and does not exist.
∂x ∂y
∂f ∂f
(c) = does not exist and = 0.
∂x ∂y
∂f ∂f
(d) = 0 and = 0.
∂x ∂y

x3 + y3
, x 2 − y 2 ≠=
7. Let f(x, y) = { x 2 − y 2 ,.
2 2
0, x − y = 0.
4 3
Then the directional derivative of f at (0,0)in the direction of î + ĵ
5 5

2 +y2 )
8. The number of critical points of the function (x 2 + 3y 2 )e−(x is__________
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

9. The minimum value of the function f(x, y) = x 2 + xy + y 2 − 3x − 6y + 11 is__________.

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
(b) (b) (a) (b) (b) (a, d) 2.6 5 2

IIT-JAM 2018

1. The tangent plane to the surface z = √x 2 + 3y 2 at (1,1,2) is given by(b)

(a) x − 3y + z = 0. (b) x + 3y − 2z = 0.

(c) 2x + 4y − 3z = 0. (d) 3x − 7y + 2z = 0.

xy
, (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
2. Le f(x, y) = { (x 2 + y 2 )α .
0, (x, y) = (0,0)

Then which one of the following is TRUE for f at the point(0,0)?(c)

(a) For α = 1, f is continuous but not differentiable.

1
(b)For α = , f is continuous and differentiable.
2
1
(c)For α = , f is continuous and differentiable.
4
3
(d) For α = , f is neither continuous nor differentiable.
4

3. Let a, b ∈ ℝ and ler f: ℝ → ℝ be thrice differentiable fuction. If z = eu f(v), where

u = ax + by and v = ax − by, then which of the following is TRUE?

(a) b2 zxx − a2 zyy = 4a2 b2 eu f ′ (v).

(b) b2 zxx − a2 zyy = −4eu f ′ (v).

(c)bzx + azy = abz.

(d) bzx + azy = −abz.

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

4. let φ(x, y, z) = 3y 2 + 3yz for (x, y, z) ∈ ℝ3 . Then the absolute value

of the directional derivative of φ in the direction of the line

x−1 y−2 z
= = , at the point (1, −2,1) is
2 −1 −2

x 2 y(x − y)
, (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
5. Le f: ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = { x 2 + y 2 .
0, (x, y) = (0,0)
∂2 f ∂2 f
Then the value of ( − ) at the point (0,0) is
∂y ∂x ∂x ∂y

π y π y
6. Let f(x, y) = √x 3 y sin ( e(x−1)) + xy cos ( e(x−1) ) for (x, y) ∈ ℝ2 , x > 0, y > 0.
2 3
Then fx (1,1) + fy (1,1) = ____________

7. Suppose x, y, z are positive real numbers such that x + 2y + 3z = 1.

1
If M is the maximum value of xyz 2 , then the value of is _____________
M

1 2 3 4 5 6 7
(b) (c) (a) 6.5-7.5 1 3 1140-1160

IIT-JAM 2017

∂2 g ∂2 g 2 2)
1. Let f: ℝ → ℝ be twice differentiable function. If g(u, v) = f(u − v , then 2 + 2 =
∂u ∂v
(a) 4(u2 − v 2 )f ′′ (u2 − v 2 ).

(b) 4(u2 + v 2 )f ′′ (u2 − v 2 ).

(c) 2f ′ (u2 − v 2 ) + 4(u2 − v 2 )f ′′ (u2 − v 2 ).

(d) 2(u2 − v 2 )2 f ′′(u2 − v 2 ).

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

xy 2
2. Le f(x, y) = 2 for (x, y) ≠ (0,0). Then
x + y2
∂f ∂f
(a) and f are bounded. (b) is bounded and f is unbounded.
∂x ∂x
∂f ∂f
(c) is unbounded and f is bounded. (d) and f are unbounded.
∂x ∂x

3. Le f: ℝ2 → ℝ be a function. Then which of the following statements is(are)TRUE?

(a) If f is differentiable at (0,0), then all directional derivative of f exist at (0,0).

(b) if all directional derivative of f exist at (0,0), then f is differentiable at (0,0).

(c) if all directional derivative of f exist at (0,0), then f is continuous at (0,0).

∂f ∂f
(d) if the partial derivatives and exist and are continuous in a disc
∂x ∂y

centered at (0,0), then f is differentiable at (0,0).

4. Let P be the point on the surface z = √x 2 + y 2 closest to the point (4,2,0). Then the

square of the distance between the origin and P is (9.9-10.1)

1 2 3 4
(b) (b) (a, d) 10

IIT-JAM 2016

√(x − y) − 2
1. The value of lim is
(x,y)→(2,−2) x − y − 4

1
(a) 0. (b) .
4
1 1
(c) . (d) .
3 2
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

xy 2
, x+y≠ 0
2. Le f: ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = {x + y .
0, x+y = 0
∂2 f ∂2 f
Then the value of ( + ) at the point (0,0) is
∂x ∂y ∂y ∂x

(a) 0. (b) 1.

(c) 2. (d) 4.

3. The function f(x, y) = 3x 2 y + 4y 3 − 3x 2 − 12y 2 + 1 has a saddle point at

(a) (0,0).

(b) (0,2).

(c) (1,1).

(d)(−2,1).

xy
2
, x≠0
4. Le f: ℝ → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = { |x|
0, elsewhere
Then at the point(0,0), which of the following statement (s) is(are) TRUE ?

(a) f is not continuous.

(b) f is continuous.

(c) f is differentiable.

(d) both first order partial derivatives of f exist.

y
5. Le f: ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = 2 ln (x 2 y 2 ex ) , x > 0, y > 0.

∂f ∂f
Then the value of x +y at any point (x, y), where x > 0, y > 0 is _____________
∂x ∂x

6 The maximum value of f(x, y) = x 2 + 2y 2 subject to the constraint

y − x 2 + 1 = 0 is_____________
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

1 2 3 4 5 6
(b) (b) (d) (b, d) 8 2

IIT-JAM 2015

1. Suppose that the dependent variable z and w are functions of independent variables x

and y, defined by the equations f(x, y, z, w) = 0 and g(x, y, z, w) = 0,

where fz g w − fw g z = 1. Which one of thew following is correct?

(a) zx = fw g x − fx g w . (b) zx = fx g w − fw g x .

(c) zx = fz g x − fx g z. (d) zx = fz g w − fz x.

y
2. For what real values of x and y, does the integral ∫ (6 − t − t 2 ) dt
x

attain its maximum?

(a) x = −3, y = 2. (b) x = 2, y = 3.

(c) x = −2, y = 2. (d) x = −3, y = 4.

3. Let f: {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 : x > 0, y > 0} → ℝ be given by

1 4 y 1 xfx (x,y)+yfy (x,y)
f(x, y) = x 3 y −3 tan−1 ( ) + . Then the value of g(x, y) =
x √x2 +y2 f(x,y)

(a) changes with x but not with y.

(b) changes with y but not with x.

(c) changes with x and also with y.

(d) neither changes with x nor with y.

x2 −y2
xy , (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
4. Le f: ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = { x2 +y2 at (0,0)
0, (x, y) = (0,0)

(a) f is not continuous.

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(b) f is continuous and both fx and fy exist.

(c) f is differentiable.

(d) fx and fy exist but f is not differentiable.

x 2
2 (1 + ) , y≠0
5. Le f: ℝ → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = f(x) = { y
0, y=0
If the directional derivate of f at (0,0)exists along the direction cos α î + sin α ĵ,

where sin α ≠ 0, hten the value of cot α is

1 2 3 4 5
(a) (a) (d) (b, c) -1

GATE 2025

18. Let g(x, y) = f(x, y)e2x+3y be defined in ℝ2 , where f(x, y) is a continuously differentiable
∂g ∂g
non-zero homogeneous function of degree 4. Then, x +y = 0 holds for
∂x ∂y

(a) all points (x, y) in ℝ2

(b) all points (x, y) on the line given by 2x + 3y + 4 = 0

(c) all points (x, y) in the region of ℝ2 except on the line given by 2x + 3y + 4 = 0

(d) all points (x, y) on the line given by 2x + 3y = 0

21. Consider the function F: ℝ2 → ℝ2 given by

F(x, y) = (x 3 − 3xy 2 − 3x, 3x 2 y − y 3 − 3y).

Then, for the function F, the inverse function theorem is

(a) applicable at all points of ℝ2

(b) not applicable at exactly one point of ℝ2

(c) not applicable at exactly two points of ℝ2

(d) not applicable at exactly three points of ℝ2

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

26. Let f ∶ ℝ2 − {(0, 0)} → ℝ be a function defined by

x2 − y2 1
f(x, y) = ( 2 ) + x sin ( ).
x + y2 x2 + y2

Consider the following three statements:

S1 : lim lim f(x, y) exists.

x→0 y→0

S2 ∶ lim lim f(x, y) exists.

y→0 x→0

S3 ∶ lim f(x, y) exists.

(x,y)→(0,0)

Then, which of the following is/are correct?

(a) S2 and S3 are true and S1 is false (b) S1 and S2 are true and S3 is false

(c) S1 and S3 are true and S2 is false (d) S1 , S2 and S3 are true

29. Let â be a unit vector parallel to the tangent at the point P(1, 1, √2) to the curve of
intersection of the surfaces 2x 2 + 3y 2 − z 2 = 3 and x 2 + y 2 = z 2.

Then, the absolute value of the directional derivative of

f(x, y, z) = x 2 + 2y 2 − 2√11z

at P in the direction of â is ………….

39. Let C be the curve of intersection of the surfaces z 2 = x 2 + y 2 and 4x + z = 7. If P is a

point on C at a minimum distance from the xy-plane, then the distance of P from the
origin is

7 7√2
(a) (b)
5 5

14 14√2
(c) (d)
5 5

53. Consider the function f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 given by

f(x, y) = (e2πx cos 2πy , e2πx sin 2πy).

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

Then, which of the following is/are true?

(a) if G is open in ℝ2 , then f(G) is open in in ℝ2

(b) If G is closed in ℝ2 , then f(G) is closed in ℝ2

(c) If Gis dense in ℝ2 , then f(G) is dense in ℝ2

(d) f is surjective

18 21 26 29 39 53
(b) (c) (b) 2 (b) (a, c)

GATE 2024
1 1 1
26. Let p = (1, , , ) ∈ ℝ4 amd f: ℝ4 → ℝ be a differentiable function such that f(p) = 6
2 3 4
and f(λx) = λ3 f(x), for every λ ∈ (0, ∞) and x ∈ ℝ4 .

∂f ∂f ∂f ∂f
The value of 12 (p) + 6 (p) + 4 (p) + 3 (p) is equal to _____
∂x1 ∂x2 ∂x3 ∂x4

28. Let f(x, y) = (x 2 − y 2 , 2xy), where x > 0, y > 0. Let g be the inverse of f in a

neighbourhood of f(2, 1). Then the determinant of the Jacobian matrix of g at

f(2, 1)is equal to ________

34. The maximum of the function f(x, y, z) = xyz subject to the constraints

xy + yz + zx = 12, x > 0, y > 0, z > 0, is equal to ________

39. Let g: M2 (ℝ) → ℝ be given by g(A) = Trace(A2 ). Let ) be the 2 × 2 zero matrix.

The space M2 (ℝ) may be defined with ℝ4 in the usual manner.

Which one of the following is correct?

(a) 0 is a point of local minimum of g

(b) 0 is a point of local maximum of g

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(c) 0 is a saddle point of g

(d) 0 is not a critical point of g

54. Let f: ℝ2 → ℝ be a function such that

x2
(1 − cos 2 ) √x 2 + y 2 , if y ≠ 0, x ∈ ℝ
f(x, y) = { y
0, otherwise

Which one of the following is(are) correct?

(a) f is continuous at (0, 0), but not differentiable at (0, 0)

(b) f is differentiable at (0, 0)

(c) All the directional derivatives of f at (0, 0) exist and they are equal to zero

(d) Both the partial derivatives of f at (0, 0) exist and they are equal to zero

64. The global maximum of f(x, y) = (x 2 + y 2 )e2−x−y on {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 : x ≥ 0, y ≥ 0}

is equal to ______

26 28 34 39 54 64
216 0.04-0.06 8 (c) (a, d) 4

GATE 2023
3
1. Let f, g ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = x 2 − xy 2 and g(x, y) = 4x 4 − 5x 2 y + y 2
2
for all (x, y) ∈ ℝ2

Consider the following statements:

P ∶ f has a saddle point at (0,0).

Q ∶ g has a saddle point at (0,0).

Then

(a) both P and Q are TRUE. (b) P is FALSE and Q is TRUE.

(c) P is TRUE and Q is FALSE. (d) both P and Q are FALSE.

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

2x 2 y
, (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
2. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → R be defined by f(x, y) = { x 2 + y 2
0, (x, y) = (0,0)

Then
1 1 1
(a) the directional derivative of f at (0,0) in the direction of ( , ) is .
√2 √2 √2
(b) the directional derivative of f at (0,0) in the direction of (0,1) is 1.

(c) the directional derivative of f at (0,0) in the direction of (1,0) is 0.

(d) f is NOT differentiable at (0,0).

1 2
(a) (a, c, d)

GATE 2022

1. The maximum value of f(x, y) = 49 − x 2 − y 2 on the line x + 3y = 10 is ⋯

1 1
2. If the function f(x, y) = x 2 + xy + y 2 + + ,x ≠ 0 ,y ≠ 0
x y

attains its local minimum value at the point (a, b) then the value of a3 + b3 is ⋯

1 2
39 0.65-0.68

GATE 2021

1. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be differentiable. Let Du f(0,0) and Dv f(0,0) be the directional

derivatives of f at (0,0) in the directions of the unit

1 2 1 1
vectors u = ( , ) and v = ( ,− ) , respectively. If Du f(0,0) = √5 and
√5 √5 √2 √2
∂f ∂f
Dv f(0,0) = √2 then (0,0) + (0,0) = ⋯
∂x ∂y
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

y2
2 + y 2 sin ( ) if x ≠ 0
√x
2. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → R be given by f(x, y) = { x
0 if x = 0
Consider the following statements:

P ∶ f is continuous at (0,0) but f is NOT diffeentiable at (0,0).

Q ∶ The directional derivative Du f(0,0) of f at (0, 0) exists in the direction of

every unit vector u ∈ ℝ2 .

Then

(a) both P and Q are TRUE. (b) P is FALSE and Q is TRUE.

(c) P is TRUE and Q is FALSE. (d) both P and Q are FALSE.

3. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be given by f(x, y) = 4xy − 2x 2 − y 4 . Then, f has

(a) two saddle points.

(b) a point of local maximum and a point of local minimum.

(c) a point of local maximum and a saddle point.

(d) a point of minimum and a saddle point.

4. The equation xy − z log y + exz = 1 can be solved in a neighborhood of the

point (0, 1, 1) as y = f(x, z) for some continusly differentiable function f. Then

(a) ∇f(0, 1) = (0, 1). (b) ∇f(0, 1) = (0, 2).

(c) ∇f(0, 1) = (2, 0). (d) ∇f(0, 1) = (1, 0).

1 2 3 4
4 (a) (a) (a)

GATE 2020

64. Let D = [−1, 1] × [−1, 1]. If the function f ∶ D → ℝ is defined

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

x2 −y2
, (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
by f(x, y) = {(x2+y2)2
0, (x, y) = (0,0)

Then,

(a) f is continuous at (0,0).

(b) both the first order partial derivatives of f exsit at (0,0).

1
(c) ∬ |f(x, y)|2 dx dy is finite. (d) ∬ |f(x, y)|dx dy is finite.
D D

1
65. If (4, 0) and (0, − ) are critical points of the function
2
f(x, y) = 5 − (α + β)x 2 + βy 2 + (α + 1)y 3 + x 3 , where α, β ∈ ℝ, then
1 1
(a) (4, − ) is a point of local maxima of f. (b) (4, − ) is a saddle point of f.
2 2
1
(c) α = 4, β = 2. (d) (4, − ) is a point of local minima of f.
2
1 2
(c) (b)

GATE 2019

1. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = x 6 − 2x 2 y − x 4 y + 2y 2 .

(ℝ is the set of all real nubers and ℝ2 = {(x, y) ∶ x, y ∈ ℝ})

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

(a) f has a local maximum at origin. (b) f has a local minimum at origin.

(c) f has a saddle point at origin. (d) The origin is not a critical point of f.

2. Let g ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 be a function defined by g(x, y) = (ex cos y , ex sin y) and

π
(a, b) = g (1, ) . (ℝ is the set of all real numbers and ℝ2 = {(x, y) ∶ x, y ∈ ℝ})
3

Which one of the following statements is TRUE?

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(a) g is injective.

(b) If h is the continuous inverse of g, defined in some neighbourhood of (a, b) ∈ ℝ2 ,

π
such that h(a, b) = (1, ) , then the Jacobian of h at (a, b) is e2 .
3

(c) If h is the continuous inverse of g, defined in some neighbourhood of (a, b) ∈ ℝ2 ,

π
such that h(a, b) = (1, ) then the Jacobian of h at (a, b) is e−2 .
3

(d) g is surjective.

1
2 (x 2 + y 2 ) sin ( 2 ) , if (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
3. Let f ∶ ℝ → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = { x + y2
0, if (x, y) = (0,0)

Consider the following statements:

∂f ∂f
I ∶ The partial derivatives , exist at (0,0) but are unbounded in any
∂x ∂y

neighbourhood of (0,0).

II ∶ f is continuous but not differentiable at (0,0)

III ∶ f is not continuous at (0,0)

IV ∶ f is differentiable at (0,0)

(ℝ is the set of all real numbers and ℝ2 = {(x, y) ∶ x, y ∈ ℝ})

Which of the above statements is(are) TURE?

(a) I and II only. (b) I and IV only. (c) IV only. (d) III only.

1 2 3
(c) (c) (b)

GATE 2018

1. Let u(x, y, z) = x 2 − 2y + 4z 2 for (x, y, z) ∈ ℝ3 . Then, the directional derivative

3 4
of u in the direction î − k̂ at the point (5, 1,0) is ⋯
5 5

1
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

GATE 2017

y2 2 2
1. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = {sin x ⋅ √x + y , x ≠ 0
0, x = 0

Then, at (0,0)

(a) f is continuous and the directional derivative of f does NOT exist in some direction.

(b) f is NOT continuous and the directional derivative of f exist in all directions.

(c) f is NOT differentiable and the directional derivatives of f exist in all directions.

(d) f is differentiable.

1
(c)

GATE 2016

1. For any (x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅

B(0, 1), let

f(x, y) = distance ((x, y), B(0, 1))

= infimum {√(x − x1 )2 + (y − y1 )2 ∶ (x1 , y1 ) ∈ ̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅̅

B(0, 1)}

Then, ‖∇ f(3, 4)‖ is equal to ⋯

1
1

GATE 2015
xy 500 500
1. Let D = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ 1 ≤ x ≤ 1000, 1 ≤ y ≤ 1000}. Define f(x, y) = + + .
2 x y

Then, the minimum value of f on D is equal to ⋯

1
150
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

CSIR NET 28 JULY 2025

1. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be twice continuously differentiable nonzero function such that

f(tx1 , tx2 ) = t 3 f(x1 , x2 ) for all t > 0 and (x1 , x2 ) ∈ ℝ2 .

Which of the following statements are necessarily true?

∂f ∂f
(a) 3 (1, 1) + 3 (1, 1) = f(1, 1)
∂x1 ∂x2
∂f ∂f
(b) (1, 1) − (1, 1) = 3f(1, 1)
∂x1 ∂x2

2
∂2 f 2
∂2 f ∂2 f
(c) x1 (x , x ) + x 2 (x , x ) + 2x1 x2 (x , x ) = 6f(x1 , x2 )
∂x1 2 1 2 ∂x2 2 1 2 ∂x1 ∂x2 1 2

∂2 f ∂2 f ∂2 f
(d) x1 2 ( x , x ) + x 2 ( x , x ) + 2x x (x , x ) = 9f(x1 , x2 )
∂x1 2 1 2 2
∂x2 2 1 2 1 2
∂x1 ∂x2 1 2

2. Let M2 (ℝ) denote the space of real 2 × 2 matrices. Let S be the vector space of

M2 (ℝ) comprising of all symmetric matrices. Let F: M2 (ℝ) → S be the map

defined by F(X) = XX T . Let DFA : M2 (ℝ) → S be the derivative of F at A ∈ M2 (ℝ) .

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) If AAT = I, then DFA : M2 (ℝ) → S is surjective

(b) If AAT = I, then DFA : M2 (ℝ) → S need not be surjective

(c) If A is invertible, then DFA : M2 (ℝ) → S is surjective

(d) If A is not invertible, then DFA : M2 (ℝ) → S is surjective

1 2
(b, c) (a, c)

CSIR NET 28 FEBRUARY 2025

x2y
2 + exy , (x, y) ≠ (0, 0)
1. ( )
Consider the function f ∶ ℝ → ℝ defined by f x, y = { x + y
4 2

1, (x, y) = (0, 0)
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) f is differentiable on ℝ2 \{(0, 0)}

(b) All the directional derivative of f exist at (0, 0)

(c) f is differentiable on ℝ2

(d) f is not continuous at (0, 0)

2. For a positive real number a, √a denotes the positive square root of a, consider
x
2 √x 2 + y 2 , x≠0
the function f ∶ ℝ → ℝ defined by f(x, y) = { |x|
0, x=0

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) f is continuous at (0, 0)

∂f ∂f
(b) The partial derivatives and exist at (0, 0)
∂x ∂y

(c) f is differentiable at (0, 0)

(d) f is not differentiable at (0, 0)

1 2
(a, b, d) (a, b, d)

CSIR NET 25 JULY 2024

y
√x 2 + y 2 , x≠0
1. Define f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ defined by f(x, y) = { |x|
0, x=0

Which of the following statements are true?

∂f
(a) (0, 0) exists
∂x
∂f
(b) (0, 0) exists
∂y

(c) f is not continuous at (0, 0)

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(d) f is not differentiable at (0, 0)

2. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ3 be a differentiable function such that DF(0, 0)has rank 2. Write

f = (f1 , f2 , f3 ). Which of the following statements are necessarily true?

(a) f is injective in a neighbourhood of (0, 0)

(b) There exists an open neighbourhood U of (0, 0) in ℝ2 such that f3 is a function of

f1 and f2

(c) f maps an open neighbourhood of (0, 0) in ℝ2 onto an open subset of ℝ3

(d) (0, 0)is an isolated point of f −1 ({f(0, 0)})

1 2
(a, b, c, d) (a, d)

CSIR NET 28 DECEMBER 2023

1. For real numbers a, b, c, d, e, f, consider the function F ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 defined by

F(x, y) = (ax + by + c, dx + ey + f).

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) F is continuous

(b) F is uniformly continuous

(c) F is differentiable

(d) F jhas partial derivatives of all orders

2. Let p ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be the function defined by p(x, y) = x

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) Let A1 = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 | x 2 + y 2 < 1}. Then for each γ ∈ p(A1 ), there exists

a positive real number ε such that (γ − ε, γ + ε) ⊆ p(A1 )

(b) Let A2 = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 | x 2 + y 2 ≤ 1}. Then for each γ ∈ p(A2 ), there exists
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

a positive real number ε such that (γ − ε, γ + ε) ⊆ p(A2 )

(c) Let A3 = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 | xy = 0}. Then for each γ ∈ p(A3 ), there exists

a positive real number ε such that (γ − ε, γ + ε) ⊆ p(A1 )

(d) Let A4 = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 | xy = 1}. Then for each γ ∈ p(A4 ), there exists

a positive real number ε such that (γ − ε, γ + ε) ⊆ p(A4 )

3. For a differentiable surjective function f: (0, 1) → (0, 1), consider the function

F: (0, 1) × (0, 1) → (0, 1) × (0, 1)givenby F(x, y) = (f(x), f(y)). If f ′ (x) ≠ 0 for

every x ∈ (0, 1), then which of the following statements are true?

(a) F is injective

(b) F is increasing

(c) For every (x ′ , y ′ ) ∈ (0, 1) × (0, 1), there exists a unique (x, y) ∈ (0, 1) × (0, 1)

such that F(x, y) = (x ′ , y ′ )

(d) The total derivative DF(x, y)is invertible for all (x, y) ∈ (0, 1) × (0, 1)

1 2 3
(a, b, c, d) (a, c, d) (a, c, d)

CSIR NET JUNE 2023

1. Consider the function f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ defined by f(x, y) = x 2 − y 2 .

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) There is not continuous real valued function g defined on any interval of ℝ

containing 0 such that f(x, g(x)) = 0

(b) There is exactly one continuous real valued function g defined on an interval of ℝ

containing 0 such that f(x, g(x)) = 0

(c) There is exactly one differentiable real valued function g defined on an interval of ℝ

containing 0 such that f(x, g(x)) = 0

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(d) There are two distinct one continuous real valued function g defined on an

interval of ℝ containing 0 such that f(x, g(x)) = 0

2. Define f ∶ ℝ4 → ℝ by f(x, y, z, w) = xw − yz.

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) f is continuous

(b) If U = {(x, y, z, w) ∈ ℝ4 ∶ xy + zw = 0, x 2 + z 2 = 1, y 2 + w 2 = 1},

then f is uniformly continuous on U

(c) If V = {(x, y, z, w) ∈ ℝ4 ∶ x = y, z = w}, then f is uniformly continuous on V

(d) If W = {(x, y, z, w) ∈ ℝ4 ∶ 0 ≤ x + y + z + w ≤ 1}, then f is bounded on W

1 2
(b) (a,b, c, d)

CSIR NET 16 SEPTEMBER 2022

1
2 (x − y)2 sin if x ≠ y
1. Consider the function f ∶ ℝ → ℝ defined by f(x, y) = { x−y
0 if x = y

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) f is continuous at (0, 0).

(b) The partial derivative fx does not exist at (0, 0).

(c) The partial derivative fx is continuous at (0, 0).

(d) f is differentiable at (0, 0).

1 1
2. Consider the function f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ defined by f(x, y) = x 3 ⋅ y 3 (x, y ∈ ℝ)

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) The directional derivative of f exists at (0, 0) in some direction.

(b) The partial derivative fx does not exis at (0, 0).

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(c) f is continuous at (0, 0).

(d) f is not differentiable at (0, 0).

1 2
(a,d) (a,c,d)

CSIR NET 16 FEBRUARY 2022

1. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ be a bounded function such that for each t ∈ ℝ, the functions g t and ht

given by g t (y) = f(t, y)and ht (x) = f(x, t) are non decreasing functions.

Which of the following statements are necessarily true?

(a) k(x) = f(x, x)is a non decreasing function.

(b) Number of discontinuities of f is at most countable.

(c) lim f(x, y) exists.

(x,y)→(+∞,+∞)

(d) lim f(x, y) exists.

(x,y)→(+∞,−∞)

2. Let f ∶ ℝ3 → ℝ2 be a c1 function with f(0,0,0) = (0,0). Let A denote the derivative

of f at (0,0,0, ). Let g: ℝ3 → ℝ be function given by g(x, y, z) = xy + yz + zx + x + y + z.

Let h: ℝ3 → ℝ3 be the function defined by f = (f, g). In which of the fo, llowing cases,

will function h admit a diffeentiable inverse in some openneighbourhood of (0,0,0)?

(a) A = (1 2 1
).
0 0 0

(b) A = (2 2 2
).
6 5 2

(c) A = (0 0 −1
).
0 1 0

(d) A = (4 2 4
).
0 3 2
1 2
(a, c) (c, d)
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

CSIR NET 30 NOVEMBER 2020

1. Let f(x, y) = (u(x, y), v(x, y)): ℝ2 → ℝ2 be a differentiable function. Let A denote

the matrix of the derivative of f at the origin (0, 0)with respect to the standard

basis of ℝ2 . Assume f(y, −x) = (v(x, y), −u(x, y)) for all (x, y) ∈ ℝ2 .

Which of the following statements are possible trye?

(a) A = (1 0
)
0 1

(b) A = (0 −1
)
1 0

(c) A = ( 1 2
)
−1 −2

(d) A = ( 2 1
)
−1 2
1
(a, b, d)

CSIR NET 26 NOVEMBER 2020

x3
for (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
1. Define f(x, y) = { x 2 + y 2 .
0 for (x, y) = (0,0)

Which of the followign statements are true?

(a) f is discontinuous at (0,0).

(b) f is continuous at (0,0).

(c) all directional derivatives of f at (0,0) exist.

(d) f is not differentiable at (0,0).

2xy
3 2 for (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
2. Let f ∶ ℝ → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = { x 2 + y 2 . Define
0 for (x, y) = (0,0)
f((x−n),(y−n))
g(x, y) = ∑∞
n=1 . Which of the following statements are true?
2n
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(a) The function h(y) = g(c, y) is continuous on ℝ for all c.

(b) g is continuous from ℝ2 into ℝ.

(c) g is not a well defined function.

(d) g is continuous on ℝ2 {(k, k)}k∈ℕ .

x2 − y2
for (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
3. Let f ∶ ℝ3 → ℝ2 be defined by f(x, y) = { x 2 + y 2 .
0 for (x, y) = (0,0)

Which of the following statements are true?

(a) f is continuous at (0,0).

(b) f is bounded in a neighbourhood of (0,0).

(c) f is not bounded in any neighbourhood of (0,0).

(d) f has all directional derivatives at (0,0).

1 2 3
(b,c,d) (a,d) (b)

CSIR NET 15 DECEMBER 2019

xy
, either x ≠ 0 or, y ≠ 0
1. let f: [0,1 ]2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = { + y 2
x2
0 , if x = y = 0

then which of the following statements are true?

(a)f is continuous at (0,0).

(b) f is bounded function.

1 1
(c) ∫0 ∫0 f(x, y) dxdy exists.

(d) f is continuous at (1,0)

2. Let U ⊆ ℝn be an open subset of ℝn and f: U → ℝn be a C ∞ − function.

Suppose that every x ∈ U, the derivate at x, dfx is non − singular, then which
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

of the following statements are true?

(a)if V ⊂ U is open then f(V) is open in ℝn .

(b)f: U → f(U) is a homeomorphism.

(c)f is one − one.

(d)if V ⊂ U is closed then f(V)is closed in ℝn

CSIR NET 27 DECEMBER 2019

xy3
, if(x, y) ≠ (0,0)
1. Let f: ℝ 2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = { x2+y6 , then which of the
0 ( )
, if x, y = (0,0)
following are true?

(a)f is bounded in ℝ 2 .

(b)the restriction of f to each line of the form y − mx is continuous at (0,0).

(c)f is continuous at (0,0). (d)f is not continuous at (0,0).

2. let f: ℝ 2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y)=x|x| + |y|.

then which of the following are true?

(a) f is differentiable at (0,0).

(b) f is not differentiable at (0,0)but its all dircetional derivatives at (0,0) exist.

∂f ∂f
(c) (0,0)exists are equals 0. (d) (0,0)exists are equals 0.
∂x ∂y

1 2
(a, b, d) (c)

CSIR NET 15 DECEMBER 2019

xy
, either x ≠ 0 or, y ≠ 0
1. let f: [0,1 ]2 → ℝ be defined by f(x, y) = { + y 2
x2
0 , if x = y = 0

then which of the following statements are true?

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(a)f is continuous at (0,0).

(b) f is bounded function.

1 1
(c) ∫0 ∫0 f(x, y) dxdy exists.

(d) f is continuous at (1,0)

2. let U ⊆ ℝn be an open subset of ℝn and f: U → ℝn be a C∞ − function.

Suppose that every x ∈ U, the derivate at x, dfx is non − singular. then which of the

Following statements are true?

(a)if V ⊂ U is open then f(V) is open in ℝn .

(b)f: U → f(U) is a homeomorphism.

(c)f is one − one.

(d)if V ⊂ U is closed then f(V)is closed in ℝn

1 2
(b, c, d) (a)

CSIR NET JUNE 2019

1. Let f ∶ ℝ3 → ℝ3 be given by f(x1 , x2 , x3 ) = (ex2 cos x1 , ex2 sin x1 , 2x1 − cos x3 ).

Consider

E = {(x1 , x2 , x3 ) ∈ ℝ3 ∶ there exists an open subset U around (x1 , x2 , x3 ) such that f|U is an open map}.

Then, which of the following are true?

(a) E = ℝ3 . (b) E is countable.

(c) E is not countable but not ℝ3 .

π
(d) {(x1 , x2 , ) ∈ ℝ3 ∶ x1 , x2 ∈ ℝ} is a proper subset of E.
2
1
(c, d)

CSIR NET DECEMBER 2018

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

1. Let A be an invertible real n × n matrix. Define a function F ∶ ℝn × ℝn → ℝ by

F(x, y) = 〈Ax, y〉 where 〈x, y〉

denote the inner product of x and y. Let DF(x, y) denote the derivative of

F at (x, y) which is a linear

transformation from ℝn × ℝn → ℝ. Then

(a) If x ≠ 0, then DF(x, 0) ≠ 0 (b) If y ≠ 0, then DF(0, F) ≠ 0

(c) If (x, y) ≠ (0,0) then DF(x, y) ≠ 0 (d) If x = 0 or y = 0, then DF(x, y) = 0

2. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 be a function given by f(x, y) = (x 3 + 3xy 2 − 15x − 12y, x + y). Let

S = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ f is locally invertible at (x, y)}. Then

(a) S = ℝ2 \{(0,0)}. (b) S is open in ℝ2 .

(c) S is dense in ℝ2 . (d)ℝ2 \S is countable.

1 2
(a, b, c) (b, c)

CSIR NET JUNE 2018

2 ∂ ∂
1. Let f(x, y) = log(cos 2 (ex )) + sin(x + y) . Then, f(x, y) is
∂y ∂x
2
cos(ex ) − 1
(a) 2 − cos(x + y) (b) 0
1 + sin2 (ex )

(c) − sin(x + y) (d) cos(x + y)

2. Let Mn (ℝ) denote the space of all n × n real matrices identified with the
2
Euclidean space ℝn . Fix a column vector x ≠ 0 in ℝn . Define f ∶ Mn (ℝ) → ℝ by

f(A) = (A2 x, x). Then

(a) f is linear (b) f is differentiable

(c) f is continuous but not differentiable (d) f is unbounded

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

3. For any y ∈ ℝ, let [y] denote the greatest integer less than or equal to y.

Define f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ by f(x, y) = x [y] . Then

(a) f is continuous on ℝ2

(b) for every y ∈ ℝ, x ↦ f(x, y) is continuous on ℝ\{0}

(c) for every x ∈ ℝ, y ↦ f(x, y) is continuous on ℝ

(d) f is continuous at no point of ℝ2

1 2 3
(c) (b, d) (b)

CSIR NET DECEMBER 2017

1 − cos(x + y)
2 + y2
if (x, y) ≠ (0,0)
x
1. Let f(x, y) =
1
{ , If (x, y) = (0,0)
2
1 − cos(x + y)
2
if x + y ≠ 0
(x + y )
and g(x, y) =
1
{ , if x + y = 0
2
Then

(a) f is continuous at (0,0) (b) f is continuous everywhere except at (0,0)

(c) g is continuous at (0,0) (d) g is continuous everywhere

2. Let f ∶ ℝ4 → ℝ be defined by f(x) = x t Ax, where A is a 4 × 4 matrix with real

entries and x t denotes the transpose of x. The gradient of f at a point x0 necessarily is

(a) 2Ax0 (b) Ax0 + At x0 (c) 2At x0 (d) Ax0

3. Let f ∶ ℝn → ℝn be a continuously differentiable map satisfying

‖f(x) − f(y)‖ ≥ ‖x − y‖, for all x, y ∈ ℝn . Then

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(a) f is onto (b) f(ℝn ) is a closed subset of ℝn

(c) f(ℝn ) is an open subset of ℝn (d) f(0) = 0

1 2 3
(b, c, d) (b) (a, b, c)

CSIR NET JUNE 2017

1. Suppose that f ∶ ℝn → ℝ is given by f(x) = a1 x12 + a2 x22 + ⋯ + an xn2 ,

where x = (x1 , x2 , ⋯ , xn ) and at least one aj is not zero. Then, we can conclude that

(a) f is not everywhere differentiable

(b) the gradient (∇f)(x) ≠ 0 for every x ∈ ℝn

(c) if x ∈ ℝn is such that (∇f)(x) = 0 then f(x) = 0

(d) if x ∈ ℝn is such that f(x) = 0 then (∇f)(x) = 0

2
xαyβ
2. Let S be the set of (α, β) ∈ ℝ such that → 0 as (x, y) → (0,0).
√x 2 + y 2

Then, S is contained in

(a){(α, β) ∶ α > 0, β > 0} (b){(α, β) ∶ α > 2, β > 2}

(c){(α, β) ∶ α + β > 1} (d){(α, β) ∶ α + 4β > 1}

1 2
(c) (a, c, d)

CSIR NET DECEMBER 2016

1. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 be given by f(x, y) = (x 2 , y 2 + sin x).

Then, the derivative of f at (x, y) is the linear transformation given by

2x 0 2x 0
(c) [2y
cos x
(a) [ ] (b) [ ] ] (d) [2x 2y ]
cos x 2y 2y cos x 2x 0 0 cos x
MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

2. A function f ∶ ℝ → ℝ is defined by f(x, y) = xy. Let v = (1,2)

and a = (a1 , a2 ) be two elements of ℝ2 .

The directional derivative of f in the direction of v at a is

a2 a1
(a)a1 + 2a2 (b)a2 + 2a1 (c) + a1 (d) + a2
2 2

3. A function f(x, y) on ℝ2 has the following partial derivatives

∂f ∂f
(x, y) = x 2 , (x, y) = y 2 . Then
∂x ∂y

(a) f has directional derivatives in all directions everywhere

(b) f has a derivative at all pokints

(c) f has directional derivative only along the direction (1,1) everywhere

(d) f does not have directional derivatives in any direction everywhere

1 2 3
(a) (b) (a, b)

CSIR NET JUNE 2016

x2 1 3 1 3
1. Consider the function f(x, y) = , (x, y) ∈ [ , ] × [ , ].
y2 2 2 2 2

The derivative of the function at (1, 1) along the direction (1, 1) is

(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2 (d) − 2

1
(a)

CSIR NET DECEMBER 2015

1. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 be given by the formula

f(x, y) = (3x + 2y + y 2 + |xy|, 2x + 3y + x 2 + |xy|). Then

(a) f is discontinuous at (0,0)

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

(b) f is continuous at (0,0) but not differentiable at (0,0)

(c) f is differentiable at (0,0)

(d) f is differentiable at (0,0) and the derivative Df(0,0) is invertible

2. Let A = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ x + y ≠ −1}. Define f ∶ A → ℝ2 by f(x, y)

y x
=( , ) . Then
1+x+y 1+x+y

(a) the determinant of the Jacobian of f does not vanish on A

(b) f is infinitely differentiable on A

(c) f is one to one (d) f(A) = ℝ2

3. Let f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 be the function f(r, θ) = (r cos θ , r sin θ).

Then, for which of the open subsets U of ℝ2

given below, f restricted to U admits an inverse?

(a) U = ℝ2 (b) U = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ x > 0, y > 0}

(c) U = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ x 2 + y 2 < 1} (d) U = {(x, y) ∈ ℝ2 ∶ x < −1, y < −1}

4. Let G1 and G2 be two subsets of ℝ2 and f ∶ ℝ2 → ℝ2 be a function. Then

c
(a)f −1 (G1 ∪ G2 ) = f −1 (G1 ) ∪ f −1 (G2 ) (b)f −1 (G1c ) = (f −1 (G1 ))

(c) f (G1 ∩ G2 ) = f(G1 ) ∩ f(G2 )

(d) If G1 is open and G2 is closed then

G1 + G2 = {x + y ∶ x ∈ G1 , y ∈ G2 } is neither open nor closed

1 2 3 4
(c, d) (a, b, c) * (a, b)

CSIR NET JUNE 2015

1. Let F ∶ ℝn × ℝn → ℝ be the function

MATHEMATICAL PATHSHALA

F(x, y) = ⟨Ax, y⟩, where ⟨, ⟩ is the standard inner product of ℝn

and A is a n × n real matrix. Which of the following statements are correct?

(a)(DF(x, y))(u, v) = ⟨Au, y⟩ + ⟨Ax, v⟩(b)(DF(x, y))(0,0) = 0

(c) DF(x, y) may not exist for some (x, y) ∈ ℝn × ℝn

(d) DF(x, y) does not exist at (x, y) = (0,0)

2. Let f ∶ ℝn → ℝn be a continuous function such that ∫ |f(x)|dx < ∞.

ℝn

Let A be real n × n invertible matrix and for x, y ∈ ℝn , let ⟨x, y⟩

denote the standard inner product in ℝn . Then, ∫ f(Ax)ei⟨x,y⟩ dx =

ℝn

t
i⟨(A−1 ) y,x⟩ dx t dx
(a) ∫ f(x)e (b) ∫ f(x)ei⟨A y,x⟩
ℝn |det A| ℝn |det A|

i⟨(At )
−1
y,x⟩ −1 y,x⟩ dx
(c) ∫ f(x)e dx (d) ∫ f(x)ei⟨A
ℝn ℝn |det A|

1 2
(a, b) (a)