Experiment No.4: To study the population Density of plants by Quadrant method.
Table.1a: Tabulation for Data collection
Name of the species Symbol Quadrants laid down Total no. of
S.no Common Botanical used individuals of a
name name Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 species
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
.
1
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27
TOTAL
2
Table.1b: Tabulation for Data collection
Name of the Total no. of Total no. of Total no. of Frequency Abundance Density Relative Relative Relative Importance Frequency
S.no. species individuals of quadrants of quadrants Frequency Abundance Density value index class
(Symbol used) a species occurrence studied (RF) (RA) (RD) (IVI)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
3
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27
TOTAL
4
Methods of calculations:
The following formulae were used for determining the density, relative density and abundance of an area:
1. Density = Total no. of individuals of the species in all the quadrants
______________________________________________________________________
Total no. of quadrants studied
2. Abundance = Total no. of individuals of the species in all the quadrants
______________________________________________________________________
Total no. of quadrants in which species occurred
3. Frequency (%) = Total no. of quadrants in which species occurred
_______________________________________________________________
× 100
Total no. of quadrants studied
4. Relative Abundance (R.A) = Abundance of species
_________________________________
× 100
Total abundance of all species
5. Relative Density (R.D) = Density of species
_______________________________________
× 100
Total density of all species
6. Relative Abundance (R.A) = Abundance of species
_________________________________
× 100
Total abundance of all species
7. Relative frequency (R.F) = Frequency of species
_______________________________ ×
100
Total frequency of all species
8. Importance value index (IVI) (Importance of a species in a Quadrant) = RA+RF+RD
9. Frequency class =Percentage frequency values generated in Annexure –I were classified into five frequency classes viz
A=0-20%,B=21-40%,C=41-60%,D=61-80 &E=80-100%
5
Results/Conclusions
The following conclusion emanated from the above experiment-
(i). Highest number of species in a quadrant: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(ii). Lowest number of species in a quadrant: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii). Highest number of individuals in a quadrant: --------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iv). Lowest number of species in a quadrant: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(v). Average number of individuals: ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(vi).Species with highest frequency: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(vii). Species with lowest frequency: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(viii) Highest frequency Class: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(ix). Least frequency class: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x). Species with highest IVI: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(xi). Species with lowest IVI: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x). Dominant species: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Developed by:
Dr.Mohd Aslam Dar
Email: [email protected]
6
Experiment No.5: To study the population frequency of the plants by Quadrant method.
Table.1a: Tabulation for Data collection
Name of the species Symbol Quadrants laid down Total no. of
S.no Common Botanical used individuals of a
name name Q1 Q2 Q3 Q4 Q5 Q6 Q7 Q8 Q9 Q10 Q11 Q12 Q13 species
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
7
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26.
27.
TOTAL
8
Table.1b: Tabulation for Data collection
Name of the Total no. of Total no. of Total no. of Frequency Abundance Density Relative Relative Relative Importance Frequency
S.no. species individuals of quadrants of quadrants Frequency Abundance Density value index class
(Symbol used) a species occurrence studied (RF) (RA) (RD) (IVI)
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
9
23.
24.
25.
26.
27
TOTAL
10
Methods of calculations:
The following formulae were used for determining the density, relative density and abundance of an area:
3. Density = Total no. of individuals of the species in all the quadrants
______________________________________________________________________
Total no. of quadrants studied
4. Abundance = Total no. of individuals of the species in all the quadrants
______________________________________________________________________
Total no. of quadrants in which species occurred
3. Frequency (%) = Total no. of quadrants in which species occurred
_______________________________________________________________
× 100
Total no. of quadrants studied
4. Relative Abundance (R.A) = Abundance of species
_________________________________
× 100
Total abundance of all species
5. Relative Density (R.D) = Density of species
_______________________________________
× 100
Total density of all species
6. Relative Abundance (R.A) = Abundance of species
_________________________________
× 100
Total abundance of all species
7. Relative frequency (R.F) = Frequency of species
_______________________________ ×
100
Total frequency of all species
8. Importance value index (IVI) (Importance of a species in a Quadrant) = RA+RF+RD
9. Frequency class =Percentage frequency values generated in Annexure –I were classified into five frequency classes viz
A=0-20%,B=21-40%,C=41-60%,D=61-80 &E=80-100%
11
Results/Conclusions
The following conclusion emanated from the above experiment-
(i). Highest number of species in a quadrant: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(ii). Lowest number of species in a quadrant: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iii). Highest number of individuals in a quadrant: --------------------------------------------------------------------------
(iv). Lowest number of species in a quadrant: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(v). Average number of individuals:---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(vi).Species with highest frequency:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(vii). Species with lowest frequency:--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(viii) Highest frequency Class: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(ix). Least frequency class: -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x). Species with highest IVI: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(xi). Species with lowest IVI: ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
(x). Dominant species: --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Developed by:
Dr.Mohd Aslam Dar
Email: [email protected]
12
