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TCP Throughput Calculation Formula

This document discusses the formula for calculating TCP throughput. It states that TCP throughput is equal to the receive buffer size divided by the round-trip time. It gives an example calculation of 3Mbps throughput with a 64Kb buffer size and 170ms round-trip time. It also discusses how factors like round-trip time, bandwidth, delay, and window scaling options impact achievable TCP throughput.

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Pratik Kankaria
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109 views2 pages

TCP Throughput Calculation Formula

This document discusses the formula for calculating TCP throughput. It states that TCP throughput is equal to the receive buffer size divided by the round-trip time. It gives an example calculation of 3Mbps throughput with a 64Kb buffer size and 170ms round-trip time. It also discusses how factors like round-trip time, bandwidth, delay, and window scaling options impact achievable TCP throughput.

Uploaded by

Pratik Kankaria
Copyright
© Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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TCP Throughput Calculation Formula

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TCP Throughput Calculation Formula


Tuesday, 05 May 2009 15:35 | Written by CiscoNET |

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Sometimes, we are feeling slow Internet connection, but don't know how we can measure the speed and what is right speed, download speed, TCP throughput, I can expect. Measuring and calculating TCP throughput is not that hard. See below famous TCP throughput formula.

RCV buffer size / RTT = Max TCP throughput = ? bps


** Buffer size is normally 65Kbps

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ex) (64Kbyte x 8bit) / 0.17 = 3011764 bps = 3Mbps, (RTT=170ms)


To learn more about Internet Speed Issue, please check our article series within cisconet.com

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RCV Buffer size / TCP receive window size


Sponsored Links - RCV buffer size is denoted as TCP receive window size. Window systems have 64Kbyte of window size as default (Window NT and Millennium have 8Kbytes of window size). The TCP/IP standard allows for a receive window up to 65,535 bytes in size, which is the maximum value that can be specified in the 16-bit TCP window size field. Why 65Kbytes? Well, more accurate expression will be 65,535 = (2^16)-1. To improve TCP throughput, speed, performance whatever you called, in high speed connection or high delay network, you can increase TCP window size(reference RFC 1323). However, if transport link is not stable, it might give you worse performance. Packet loss or bottleneck in the network is the most likely factors that are leading to the TCP

throughput reductions.
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TCP Throughput Calculation Formula

Optimal TCP window size


- Optimal RCV buffer size is considered to be 2 x BDP, where BDP is the Bandwidth*Delay Product

ex) RTT is 20 ms, and connection speed is 10 Mbps. 2 x (10Mbps/8 * .020s) = 50Kbytes Well, default window size 65kbytes is not adequate for today's network. In these days, most of network is 100Mbps or higher.

Round Trip Time(RTT)


- If you are not using TCP window scaling option (RFC 1323), TCP window size will be used as 64Kbytes.

If then, Round Trip Time(RTT) is the main factor to decide TCP throughput between locations. RTT 10 ms => TCP throughput = 52428000 bps = 52Mbps RTT 20 ms => TCP throughput = 26214000 bps = 26Mbps RTT 50 ms => TCP throughput = 10485600 bps = 10Mbps RTT 100 ms => TCP throughput = 5242800 bps = 5.2Mbps RTT 150 ms => TCP throughput = 3495200 bps = 4.3Mbps RTT 200 ms => TCP throughput = 2621400 bps = 2.5Mbps RTT 300 ms => TCP throughput = 1747600 bps = 1.7Mbps RTT 500 ms => TCP throughput = 1048560 bps = 1Mbps
** Used maximum TCP window size = 65Kbytes = 65535

You can see the deficiency with the greater RTT.

Last Updated (Monday, 04 January 2010 18:14)

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