1

KALA FORM 3 END OF YEAR

Kenya Certificate of KALA JOINT
Secondary TRIAL
Education EXAMIN
Kenya Certificate of Secondary
121/1 — MATHEMATICS — Paper 1
ALT A
Oct. 2025 - 21/2 hours
121/1
MATHEMATICS ALT A
Name: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Admission Number: . . . . . . . . . . . Class: . . . . . . . . . . .

School: . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .MARCH 2025 Signature: . . . . . . . . Date: 6/10/2025

. . . Candidate's

Name: …………………………………………..………… Ad
Instructions to candidates
KALA 2025
School ……………………….…Class………. Signature ……

KA A 2025
5

(a) Write your name and index number in the spaces provided above.
2

5
5

(b) Sign and write the date of examination in the spaces provided above.
Instructions to candidates
0

LA 202
2
2

(c) This paper consists of two sections: (a)

Section I and
Write your Section
name, II.number and school in the spaces provi
admission
20

25
(d) 5 (b)and
Answer all the questions in Section I Sign and write
only fivethe date of the examination
questions from Sectionin theII.
spaces provided ab
K ALA

2 (c) The paper contains TWO Sections: Section I and Section II.

20
K LA
A

KAL

(e) Show all the steps in your calculations, giving your answersinat eachI and
stage
only in
five the
20 (d) Answer ALL the questions Section questions from
spaces provided below each question. (e) All answers and working must be written on the question paper in th
2 5
L

5
2 0
A

(f) A 2 question.
Marks may be given for correct working even if the answer is wrong.
K
2025

0
L A
(f) Show all the steps in your calculations, giving your answers at eac
A

(g) A LA 2 Lfor correct working

Non-programmable silent electronic calculators and KNEC Mathematical tables may be
5
used, except where stated otherwise.
K A question.
A
K Asilent
(g) Marks may be given 2 0 2 even if the answer is wrong
K LA 2025 (h) Non-programmable
(h) This paper consists of printed 16 pages. L A
electronic calculators and KNEC Mathem
KA where stated K
otherwise.
(i) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all the pages are
(i) Thisare
printed as indicated and that no questions
KALA 2025 KALA pages. 5
consists of 16 printed 202
papermissing.
(j) Candidates should check the question paper to ascertain that all th
KareAmissing.
questionsL
(j) Candidates should answer the questions in thatEnglish.
no questions
inA
KAL (k) Answer all theK
AUseLOnly 2025
English.
KA A 202 For Examiner’sK
LA 5 SECTION
For Examiner's Use OnlyI A4 5 A62 7 8 9 10 11 12
K ALA 025

LA 02
KA A 202
K LA 2

1 2 3
A

KAL
KA

20
KALA 2025

Section I
5
L

25 2
A

LA

1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 0132 14 15 16 Total
20

5
2

20
2

SECTION II
5

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 124 TOTAL
25

Section II
25

17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 Total KALA JOINT TRIAL EXAMIN

5

Kenya Grand
Certificate
Total of Secondary
FORM 3

121/1
103376
MATHEMATICS
©2025 Kala Form End Year Examination
121/1
ALT A Turn over

MARCH 2025
 2

SECTION I (50 marks)

Answer all the questions in this section in the spaces provided.

2−2 𝑥3 𝑦−2
1. Simplify (2 marks)
6−2 𝑥−1 𝑦3

2. (a) Express 2744 and 11025 each a product of its prime factors. (1 mark)
2025

(b) Hence evaluate:

3
√2744
(2 marks)
√11025

3. A square common room is covered by a number of whole rectangular slabs measuring 50 cm by 35 cm.
Find the least possible area of the room in square metres and hence the number of slabs required.

(4 marks)
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025

121/1
 3

2𝑥3 − 18𝑥𝑦2
4. Simplify 2 (3 marks)
𝑥 + 𝑥𝑦 − 12𝑦2

⎛1⎞ ⎛−4⎞ ⎛3⎞

5. Given that a = ⎜ ⎟ , b = ⎜ ⎟ , c = ⎜ ⎟ and p = 2a + b − 3c. Find |p|, correct to 2 decimal places.
⎜2⎟ ⎜5⎟ ⎜−2⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
(3 marks)
2025

6. Line PQ drawn below is a side of a parallelogram PQRS.

FORM 3

P Q

Using a ruler and a pair of compasses only, complete the parallelogram PQRS in which ∠PQR = 135◦
and PS = 5.5 cm. (3 marks)

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025 Turn Over

121/1
 4

7. The size of four interior of a polygon are 80◦ , 90◦ , 140◦ and 150◦ while the rest are each 160◦ .

(a) Find the number of sides of the polygon. (2 marks)

(b) Name the polygon. (1 mark)

8. Using the grid provided, state the coordinates of the point of intersection of the lines.
4𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 2
(3 marks)
𝑦=𝑥−5 5

3
2025

−5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5
−1

−2

−3

−4

−5
1
9. Given that sin ( 𝑥 + 15) − cos(𝑥 − 45) = 0, find the value of tan(𝑥 − 15), correct to 4 decimal places.
2
(3 marks)
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025

121/1
 5

10. The base areas of two cylindrical bins are 135 cm2 and 240 cm2 respectively. If the volume of the smaller
bin is 540 cm3 , find the capacity of the larger bin in litres. (3 marks)

11. During a National Transport and Safety Authority (NTSA) inspection on commercial vehicles; pick-ups,
lorries, trailers and oil tankers were inspected. The number of pick-ups were two and half times the number
of lorries while the number of trailers were two thirds of the lorries. When the information was represented
on a pie chart the tankers were represented by an angle of 60◦ . Draw a pie chart to represent the above
information. (4 marks)
2025

12. The sides of a regular pentagon of sides 5 cm are tangents to an inscribed circle. Determine the area of the
pentagon that lies outside the circle, correct to 2 decimal places. Use π = 3.142 (4 marks)
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025 Turn Over

121/1
 6

13. An international student in Kenya received a scholarship of 507,500 Kenyan Shillings (Ksh). They plan to
convert this money to Sterling Pounds (STG) for their tuition fees and then use a portion of the remaining
Pounds to buy books online in Euros (EUR). The bank’s exchange rates are as follows:

Buying (Ksh) Selling (Ksh)

1 Sterling Pound (STG) 198.40 199.50
1 Euro (EUR) 171.80 172.70

(a) Calculate the amount of money, in Sterling Pounds, the student received after converting the
scholarship. (2 marks)

(b) The student used 2,000 Sterling Pounds to pay for tuition. They then converted 20% of the remaining
Pounds into Euros to buy books. Calculate the amount of money, in Euros, the student received for
2025

buying books. (2 marks)

14. Solve the following inequalities and hence find the sum of the integral values (3 marks)

3 1 1 5
2𝑥 − ⩽ (𝑥 + 8)< 𝑥 +
2 4 2 2
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025

121/1
 7

15. In a 10000 m race, Faith took an average of 63.2 seconds to run a 400 m lap. If the race started at
11:34 a.m, find the time the race ended. (2 marks)

16. The figure below represents a triangular prism PQRSTV. Draw the net of the prism. (3 marks)

5 cm S R

4 cm
2025

P 3 cm Q
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025 Turn Over

121/1
 8

SECTION II (50 marks)

Answer only five questions in this section in spaces provided.

⎛2⎞ ⎛ 12 ⎞
17. The position vectors of points A and B are OA = ⎜ ⎟ and OB = ⎜ ⎟. A point M is on AB such that
⎜4⎟ ⎜−4⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
1
AM = AB and a point N is on OB such that ON : NB = 1 : 3
2
(a) Find:

(i) AB; (2 marks)

(ii) NM; (3 marks)

2025

(iii) |NM|, correct to 1 decimal place. (2 marks)

(b) A translation vector maps A onto A′(5, −1). Find the coordinates of the image of B under the
translation vector. (3 marks)
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025

121/1
 9

18. (a) Solve for 𝑥

𝑥 𝑥 + 1 34
+ = . (3 marks)
𝑥+1 𝑥 15

(b) Mary cycled 8 km from her home to school at an average speed of (𝑥 + 5) km/h. David walked 3 km
from his home to the school at an average speed of 𝑥 km/h. David took 12 minutes less than Mary.

Determine the time, in minutes, that Mary took to reach the school. (5 marks)
2025

(c) David left home for school at 7:20 a.m. Given that lessons start at 8:00 a.m, determine how many
minutes he arrived before the lesson. (2 marks)
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025 Turn Over

121/1
 10

19. A triangle PQR is right-angled at point Q. The vertices of the triangle are P(2, 3), Q(4, −1) and R(𝑥, 𝑦).
The equation of line PR is 2𝑥 + 𝑦 = 10.

(a) Determine:

(i) the equation of line QR in the form 𝑎𝑥 + 𝑏𝑦 + 𝑐 = 0, where 𝑎, 𝑏, and 𝑐 are integers. (4 marks)

(ii) the coordinates of point R. (3 marks)

2025

(b) A line passes through point Q and is parallel to line PR. Determine the 𝑦-intercept of this line.

(3 marks)
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025

121/1
 11

20. A game reserve is bounded by four straight fences PQ, QR, RS, and SP. Point Q is 30 km on a bearing of
045◦ from P. R is directly east of P and due south of Q. S is 40 km on a bearing of 150◦ from R.

(a) Using a scale of 1:1 000 000 represent the above information on a scale drawing. (3 marks)
2025

(b) Using the scale drawing, determine the:

(i) distance, in kilometres, of S from P; (2 marks)

(ii) bearing of P from S. (1 mark)

(c) Calculate the area, correct to 1 decimal place, of the game reserve in square kilometres. (4 marks)
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025 Turn Over

121/1
 12

21. The distance from Busia to Nairobi is 456 km. A bus left Busia at 7:30 a.m. and travelled towards Nairobi
at an average speed of 90 km/h. A Nissan left Nairobi at 9:30 a.m. on the same day and travelled towards
Busia at an average speed of 120 km/h.

(a) Calculate:

(i) how far from Busia they met to the nearest whole number; (3 marks)

(ii) the time they met. (3 marks)

2025

(b) A motorist started from Kisumu at 9:25 a.m on the same day and travelled at an average speed of
100 km/h. He arrived at Nairobi at the same time with the bus. Calculate the distance from Nairobi
to Kisumu. (4 marks)
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025

121/1
 13

⎛ 4 1⎞ ⎛2 1⎞
22. (a) Given that A = ⎜ ⎟ and B = ⎜ ⎟, find the value of 𝑥 for which AB is a singular matrix.
⎜𝑥 + 3 2 ⎟ ⎜0 3⎟
⎝ ⎠ ⎝ ⎠
(4 marks)

(b) Sarah bought 4 exercise books and 3 pens for a total of Ksh 165. If Sarah had bought 2 exercise
books and 5 pens, she would have spent Ksh 30 less. Taking 𝑥 to represent the price of an exercise
book and 𝑦 to represent the price of a pen:

(i) Form two equations to represent the above information. (1 mark)

2025

(ii) Use the matrix method to find the price of an exercise book and that of a pen. (3 marks)

(iii) A librarian of a school with 120 students bought 3 exercise books and 2 pens for each student.
Using matrix method calculate the total amount of money the librarian paid for the books and
FORM 3

pens. (2 marks)

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025 Turn Over

121/1
 14

23. The scores of 50 students in a mathematics test were recorded as follows.

72 65 88 55 78 61 92 70 80 68
59 75 83 60 71 85 63 90 77 66
81 74 69 58 76 84 62 89 73 67
79 57 86 64 70 82 56 91 75 69
60 72 87 55 78 61 92 70 80 68

(a) Complete the frequency distribution table using classes of size 6 starting with 55 − 60. (4 marks)

Marks Frequency (f) Mid point (x) 𝑓𝑥 Cumulative Frequency (cf )

55 − 60
2025

(b) State the modal class. (1 mark)

(c) Estimate:

(i) the mean mark. (2 marks)

(ii) the median mark. (3 marks)

FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025

121/1
 15

24. On the grid provided:

−8 −7 −6 −5 −4 −3 −2 −1 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
−1

−2
2025

−3

−4

−5

−6

−7

−8
FORM 3

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025 Turn Over

121/1
 16

(a) Triangle PQR where P(−3, −4), Q(−2, −2) and R(−5, −2); (1 mark)

(b) △ P′Q′R′ image of triangle PQR under an enlargement centre (−4, −1) and scale factors(S.F)= −2.
On the same grid, draw △ P′Q′R′ and state its coordinates. (2 marks)

(c) △ P″Q″R″, the image of P′Q′R′ under a reflection in the line 𝑦 − 𝑥 = 0. Draw △ P″Q″R″ and state
its coordinates. (2 marks)

(d) Draw △ P‴Q‴R‴, the image of P″Q″R″ when rotated through −90◦ about (0, 0). Write down its
co-ordinates. (3 marks)

(e) Describe the transformation that maps △ P′Q′R′ onto △ P‴ Q‴R‴ . (2 marks)
2025
FORM 3

THIS IS THE LAST PRINTED PAGE

103376 Kenya Certificate of Secondary Education,2025

121/1